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Sánchez-Ortega M, Garrido A, Cirauqui C, Sanz-Gonzalez L, Hernández MC, González-García A, Obregon K, Ferrer I, Paz-Ares L, Carrera AC. A potential therapeutic strategy based on acute oxidative stress induction for wild-type NRF2/KEAP1 lung squamous cell carcinoma. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103305. [PMID: 39137583 PMCID: PMC11372719 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Extensive efforts have been conducted in the search for new targetable drivers of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC); to date, however, candidates remain mostly unsuccessful. One of the oncogenic pathways frequently found to be active in LUSC is NFE2L2 (NRF2 transcription factor), the levels of which are regulated by KEAP1. Mutations in NFE2L2 or KEAP1 trigger NRF2 activation, an essential protector against reactive oxygen species (ROS). We hypothesized that the frequency of NRF2 activation in LUSC (∼35 %) may reflect a sensitivity of LUSC to ROS. Results from this study reveal that whereas tumors containing active forms of NRF2 were protected, ROS induction in wild-type NFE2L2/KEAP1 LUSC cells triggered ferroptosis. The mechanism of ROS action in normal-NRF2 LUSC cells involved transient NRF2 activation, miR-126-3p/miR-126-5p upregulation, and reduction of p85β and SETD5 levels. SETD5 levels reduction triggered pentose pathway gene levels increase to toxic values. Simultaneous depletion of p85βPI3K and SETD5 triggered LUSC cell death, while p85βPI3K and SETD5 overexpression rescued survival of ROS-treated normal-NRF2 LUSC cells. This shows that the cascade involving NRF2 > miR-126-3p, miR-126-5p > p85βPI3K and SETD5 is responsible for ROS-induced cell death in normal-NRF2 LUSC. Transient ROS-induced cell death is shown in 3D spheroids, patient-derived organoids, and in xenografts of wild-type NFE2L2/KEAP1 LUSC cells, supporting the potential of acute local ROS induction as a therapeutic strategy for LUSC patients with normal-NRF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sánchez-Ortega
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - A Garrido
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain; Department of Biosciences, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, E-28670, Spain.
| | - C Cirauqui
- H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, E28029, Spain
| | - L Sanz-Gonzalez
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - M C Hernández
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - A González-García
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - K Obregon
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - I Ferrer
- H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, E28029, Spain
| | - L Paz-Ares
- H12O-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, E28029, Spain
| | - A C Carrera
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain.
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2
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Matsubayashi HT, Mountain J, Takahashi N, Deb Roy A, Yao T, Peterson AF, Saez Gonzalez C, Kawamata I, Inoue T. Non-catalytic role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in mesenchymal cell migration through non-canonical induction of p85β/AP2-mediated endocytosis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2612. [PMID: 38521786 PMCID: PMC10960865 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46855-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) galvanizes fundamental cellular processes such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation. To enable these multifaceted roles, the catalytic subunit p110 utilizes the multi-domain, regulatory subunit p85 through its inter SH2 domain (iSH2). In cell migration, its product PI(3,4,5)P3 generates locomotive activity. While non-catalytic roles are also implicated, underlying mechanisms and their relationship to PI(3,4,5)P3 signaling remain elusive. Here, we report that a disordered region of iSH2 contains AP2 binding motifs which can trigger clathrin and dynamin-mediated endocytosis independent of PI3K catalytic activity. The AP2 binding motif mutants of p85 aberrantly accumulate at focal adhesions and increase both velocity and persistency in fibroblast migration. We thus propose the dual functionality of PI3K in the control of cell motility, catalytic and non-catalytic, arising distinctly from juxtaposed regions within iSH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki T Matsubayashi
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Tohoku, Japan.
| | - Jack Mountain
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nozomi Takahashi
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Tohoku, Japan
| | - Abhijit Deb Roy
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tony Yao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy F Peterson
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cristian Saez Gonzalez
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ibuki Kawamata
- Department of Robotics, Tohoku University, Tohoku, Japan
- Natural Science Division, Ochanomizu University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takanari Inoue
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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3
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Zhang Y, He B, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Chen C, Zhang W, Yang S, Yao M, Cui G, Gu J, Wang T, Lin Z, Fan Y, Xiong Z, Hao Y. FAK-mediated phosphorylation at Y464 regulates p85β nuclear translocation to promote tumorigenesis of ccRCC by repressing RB1 expression. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112188. [PMID: 36857183 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PI3K regulatory subunit p85s normally stabilizes and regulates catalytic subunit p110s in the cytoplasm. Recent studies show that p110-free p85s in the nucleus plays important roles in biological processes. However, the mechanisms by which p85s translocate into the nucleus remain elusive. Here, we describe the mechanism by which p85β translocates into the nucleus to promote ccRCC tumorigenesis. Phosphorylation of p85β at the Y464 by FAK facilitates its nuclear translocation in the kidney through enhancing the binding of p85β to KPNA1. PIK3R2/p85β is highly expressed in ccRCC samples and associated with overall survival of ccRCC patients. Nuclear but not cytoplasmic p85β performs oncogenic functions by repressing RB1 expression and regulating the G1/S cell cycle transition. Nuclear p85β represses RB1 expression by stabilizing histone methyltransferase EZH1/EZH2 proteins. Last, the FAK inhibitor defactinib significantly suppresses the tumor growth of ccRCC with high p85β Y464 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Baoyu He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272029, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chengkun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Shiyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meilian Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gaoping Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Youben Fan
- Department of Thyroid-Breast-Hernia Surgery, Thyroid and Parathyroid Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zuquan Xiong
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Yujun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Matsubayashi H, Mountain J, Yao T, Peterson A, Roy AD, Inoue T. Non-catalytic role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in mesenchymal cell migration through non-canonical induction of p85β/AP-2-mediated endocytosis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2432041. [PMID: 36712095 PMCID: PMC9882665 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2432041/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) galvanizes fundamental cellular processes such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation. To enable multifaceted roles, the catalytic subunit p110 utilizes a multi-domain, regulatory subunit p85 through its inter SH2 domain (iSH2). In cell migration, their product PI(3,4,5)P3 generates locomotive activity. While non-catalytic roles are also implicated, underlying mechanisms and its relationship to PI(3,4,5)P3 signaling remain elusive. Here, we report that a disordered region of iSH2 contains previously uncharacterized AP-2 binding motifs which can trigger clathrin and dynamin-mediated endocytosis independent of PI3K catalytic activity. The AP-2 binding motif mutants of p85 aberrantly accumulate at focal adhesions and upregulate both velocity and persistency in fibroblast migration. We thus propose the dual functionality of PI3K in the control of cell motility, catalytic and non-catalytic, arising distinctly from juxtaposed regions within iSH2.
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5
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Matsubayashi HT, Mountain J, Yao T, Peterson AF, Deb Roy A, Inoue T. Non-catalytic role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in mesenchymal cell migration through non-canonical induction of p85β/AP-2-mediated endocytosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2022.12.31.522383. [PMID: 36712134 PMCID: PMC9881872 DOI: 10.1101/2022.12.31.522383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) galvanizes fundamental cellular processes such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation. To enable multifaceted roles, the catalytic subunit p110 utilizes a multidomain, regulatory subunit p85 through its inter SH2 domain (iSH2). In cell migration, their product PI(3,4,5)P3 generates locomotive activity. While non-catalytic roles are also implicated, underlying mechanisms and its relationship to PI(3,4,5)P3 signaling remain elusive. Here, we report that a disordered region of iSH2 contains previously uncharacterized AP-2 binding motifs which can trigger clathrin and dynamin-mediated endocytosis independent of PI3K catalytic activity. The AP-2 binding motif mutants of p85 aberrantly accumulate at focal adhesions and upregulate both velocity and persistency in fibroblast migration. We thus propose the dual functionality of PI3K in the control of cell motility, catalytic and non-catalytic, arising distinctly from juxtaposed regions within iSH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki T. Matsubayashi
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Jack Mountain
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Tony Yao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Amy F. Peterson
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Abhijit Deb Roy
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Takanari Inoue
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Institute of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University
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6
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Nuclear translocation of p85β promotes tumorigenesis of PIK3CA helical domain mutant cancer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1974. [PMID: 35418124 PMCID: PMC9007954 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29585-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PI3Ks consist of p110 catalytic subunits and p85 regulatory subunits. PIK3CA, encoding p110α, is frequently mutated in human cancers. Most PIK3CA mutations are clustered in the helical domain or the kinase domain. Here, we report that p85β disassociates from p110α helical domain mutant protein and translocates into the nucleus through a nuclear localization sequence (NLS). Nuclear p85β recruits deubiquitinase USP7 to stabilize EZH1 and EZH2 and enhances H3K27 trimethylation. Knockout of p85β or p85β NLS mutant reduces the growth of tumors harboring a PIK3CA helical domain mutation. Our studies illuminate a novel mechanism by which PIK3CA helical domain mutations exert their oncogenic function. Finally, a combination of Alpelisib, a p110α-specific inhibitor, and an EZH inhibitor, Tazemetostat, induces regression of xenograft tumors harboring a PIK3CA helical domain mutation, but not tumors with either a WT PIK3CA or a PIK3CA kinase domain mutation, suggesting that the drug combination could be an effective therapeutic approach for PIK3CA helical domain mutant tumors. The mechanisms behind the oncogenic role of the PIK3CA helical domain mutant is poorly understood. Here, the authors show that its oncogenic function depends on the release of p85β from mutated p110α, its translocation to the nucleus and the consequent increased activity of EZH proteins.
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7
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de Geus V, Ewing-Graham PC, de Koning W, de Koning MNC, van den Bosch TPP, Nigg AL, van Eijck CHJ, Jozwiak M, van Beekhuizen HJ, Mustafa DAM. Identifying Molecular Changes in Early Cervical Cancer Samples of Patients That Developed Metastasis. Front Oncol 2022; 11:715077. [PMID: 35087740 PMCID: PMC8787153 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.715077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. Patients diagnosed with early-stage cervical cancer have a good prognosis, however, 10-20% suffer from local or distant recurrent disease after primary treatment. Treatment options for recurrent cervical cancer are limited. Therefore, it is crucial to identify factors that can predict patients with an increased risk of recurrence to optimize treatment to prevent the recurrence of cervical cancer. We aimed to identify biomarkers in early-stage primary cervical cancer which recurred after surgery. Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded surgical specimens of 34 patients with early-stage cervical cancer (FIGO 2009 stage 1B1) and 7 healthy controls were analyzed. Targeted gene expression profiling using the PanCancer IO 360 panel of NanoString Technology was performed. The findings were confirmed by performing immunohistochemistry stainings. Various genes, namely GLS, CD36, WNT5a, HRAS, DDB2, PIK3R2, and CDH2 were found to be differentially highly expressed in primary cervical cancer samples of patients who developed distant recurrence. In addition, The relative infiltration score of CD8+ T cells, CD80+CD86+ macrophages, CD163+MRC1+ macrophages, and FOXP3+IL2RA+ regulatory T cells were significantly higher in this group of samples. In contrast, no significant differences in gene expression and relative immune infiltration were found in samples of patients who developed local recurrence. The infiltration of CD8 and FOXP3 cells were validated by immunohistochemistry using all samples included in the study. We identified molecular alterations in primary cervical cancer samples from patients who developed recurrent disease. These findings can be utilized towards developing a molecular signature for the early detection of patients with a high risk to develop metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera de Geus
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Tumor Immuno-Pathology Laboratory, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Willem de Koning
- Department of Pathology, Tumor Immuno-Pathology Laboratory, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Clinical Bioinformatics Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maurits N C de Koning
- Department of Research & Development Services, Delft Diagnostic Laboratory (DDL) Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | | | - Alex L Nigg
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Casper H J van Eijck
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marta Jozwiak
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Dana A M Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, Tumor Immuno-Pathology Laboratory, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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8
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Lin J, Zeng C, Zhang J, Song Z, Qi N, Liu X, Zhang Z, Li A, Chen F. EFNA4 promotes cell proliferation and tumor metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma through a PIK3R2/GSK3β/β-catenin positive feedback loop. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 25:328-341. [PMID: 34484860 PMCID: PMC8397841 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Rapid tumor progression, metastasis, and diagnosis in advanced stages of disease are the main reasons for the short survival time and high mortality rate of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ephrin A4 (EFNA4), the ligand of the EPH family, participates in the development of blood vessels and epithelium by regulating cell migration and rejection. In our study, based on bioinformatics analyses, we found that EFNA4 was highly expressed and led to poor prognosis in patients with HCC. We demonstrated that overexpression of EFNA4 significantly promoted HCC cell proliferation and migration in vivo or in vitro. In addition, knockdown of EFNA4 inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells. Furthermore, EFNA4 was found to directly interact with EPHA2 and promote its phosphorylation at Ser897, followed by recruitment of phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2 (PIK3R2) and activation of the glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK3β)/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, overexpression of β-catenin further promoted the expression of PIK3R2, which formed a positive feedback loop. The results revealed that abnormal expression of EFNA4 is the main switch of the PIK3R2/GSK3β/β-catenin loop that influenced the proliferation and migration of HCC cells and suggest that EFNA4 is a potential prognostic marker and a prospective therapeutic target in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Lin
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.,Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chunting Zeng
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.,Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - JiaKang Zhang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.,Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhenghui Song
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.,Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Na Qi
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.,Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ziyan Zhang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.,Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.,Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fengsheng Chen
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China.,Cancer Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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9
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Class IA PI3K regulatory subunits: p110-independent roles and structures. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:1397-1417. [PMID: 32677674 PMCID: PMC7458397 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is a critical regulator of many cellular processes including cell survival, growth, proliferation and motility. Not surprisingly therefore, the PI3K pathway is one of the most frequently mutated pathways in human cancers. In addition to their canonical role as part of the PI3K holoenzyme, the class IA PI3K regulatory subunits undertake critical functions independent of PI3K. The PI3K regulatory subunits exist in excess over the p110 catalytic subunits and therefore free in the cell. p110-independent p85 is unstable and exists in a monomer-dimer equilibrium. Two conformations of dimeric p85 have been reported that are mediated by N-terminal and C-terminal protein domain interactions, respectively. The role of p110-independent p85 is under investigation and it has been found to perform critical adaptor functions, sequestering or influencing compartmentalisation of key signalling proteins. Free p85 has roles in glucose homeostasis, cellular stress pathways, receptor trafficking and cell migration. As a regulator of fundamental pathways, the amount of p110-independent p85 in the cell is critical. Factors that influence the monomer-dimer equilibrium of p110-independent p85 offer additional control over this system, disruption to which likely results in disease. Here we review the current knowledge of the structure and functions of p110-independent class IA PI3K regulatory subunits.
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10
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Tian M, Yang J, Han J, He J, Liao W. A novel immune checkpoint-related seven-gene signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in melanoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 87:106821. [PMID: 32731180 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New emergence of immunotherapy has significantly improved clinical outcome of melanoma patients with advanced and metastatic diseases. We aimed to develop a gene signature based on the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway genes to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in melanoma patients. METHODS Melanoma samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used as the training set and external validation sets respectively. Prognostic genes for overall survival (OS) were identified by univariate Cox regression analysis. Then a multi-gene risk signature was established with the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selector Operation (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox regression. The predictive and prognostic value of gene signature was evaluated by Kaplan Meier curve, Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under curve (AUC). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to investigate the discrepantly enriched biological processes between low-risk and high-risk group of melanoma patients. RESULTS A seven-gene risk signature (BATF2, CTLA4, EGFR, HLA-DQB1, IKBKG, PIK3R2, PPP3CA) was constructed. The signature was an independent risk factor for OS (hazard ratio = 1.544, p < 0.001) and it could robustly predict OS in both training and validation sets. Besides, high risk scores indicated advanced clinical stage and no response to immunotherapy for melanoma patients. GSEA demonstrated that high risk score was intimately associated with immune response and immune regulation. In conclusion, the novel seven-gene signature could serve as a robust biomarker for prognosis and a potential indicator of immunotherapy response in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolang Tian
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jiangping Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jiaqi Han
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jinlan He
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wenjun Liao
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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11
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Rao L, Mak VCY, Zhou Y, Zhang D, Li X, Fung CCY, Sharma R, Gu C, Lu Y, Tipoe GL, Cheung ANY, Mills GB, Cheung LWT. p85β regulates autophagic degradation of AXL to activate oncogenic signaling. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2291. [PMID: 32385243 PMCID: PMC7210311 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PIK3R2 encodes the p85β regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and is frequently amplified in cancers. The signaling mechanism and therapeutic implication of p85β are poorly understood. Here we report that p85β upregulates the protein level of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL to induce oncogenic signaling in ovarian cancer. p85β activates p110 activity and AKT-independent PDK1/SGK3 signaling to promote tumorigenic phenotypes, which are all abolished upon inhibition of AXL. At the molecular level, p85β alters the phosphorylation of TRIM2 (an E3 ligase) and optineurin (an autophagy receptor), which mediate the selective regulation of AXL by p85β, thereby disrupting the autophagic degradation of the AXL protein. Therapeutically, p85β expression renders ovarian cancer cells vulnerable to inhibitors of AXL, p110, or PDK1. Conversely, p85β-depleted cells are less sensitive to these inhibitors. Together, our findings provide a rationale for pharmacological blockade of the AXL signaling axis in PIK3R2-amplified ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Rao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Victor C Y Mak
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Dong Zhang
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Xinran Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chloe C Y Fung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chao Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiling Lu
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - George L Tipoe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Annie N Y Cheung
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Lydia W T Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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12
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Humphries BA, Wang Z, Yang C. MicroRNA Regulation of the Small Rho GTPase Regulators-Complexities and Opportunities in Targeting Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1092. [PMID: 32353968 PMCID: PMC7281527 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The small Rho GTPases regulate important cellular processes that affect cancer metastasis, such as cell survival and proliferation, actin dynamics, adhesion, migration, invasion and transcriptional activation. The Rho GTPases function as molecular switches cycling between an active GTP-bound and inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound conformation. It is known that Rho GTPase activities are mainly regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs), GTPase-activating proteins (RhoGAPs), GDP dissociation inhibitors (RhoGDIs) and guanine nucleotide exchange modifiers (GEMs). These Rho GTPase regulators are often dysregulated in cancer; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a large family of small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate protein-coding gene expression, have been shown to play important roles in cancer metastasis. Recent studies showed that miRNAs are capable of directly targeting RhoGAPs, RhoGEFs, and RhoGDIs, and regulate the activities of Rho GTPases. This not only provides new evidence for the critical role of miRNA dysregulation in cancer metastasis, it also reveals novel mechanisms for Rho GTPase regulation. This review summarizes recent exciting findings showing that miRNAs play important roles in regulating Rho GTPase regulators (RhoGEFs, RhoGAPs, RhoGDIs), thus affecting Rho GTPase activities and cancer metastasis. The potential opportunities and challenges for targeting miRNAs and Rho GTPase regulators in treating cancer metastasis are also discussed. A comprehensive list of the currently validated miRNA-targeting of small Rho GTPase regulators is presented as a reference resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock A. Humphries
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhishan Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 V A Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Chengfeng Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 V A Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
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13
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Rathinaswamy MK, Burke JE. Class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) regulatory subunits and their roles in signaling and disease. Adv Biol Regul 2019; 75:100657. [PMID: 31611073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2019.100657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a group of heterodimeric lipid kinases that regulate crucial cellular processes including proliferation, survival, growth, and metabolism. The diversity in functions controlled by the various catalytic isoforms (p110α, p110β, p110δ, and p110γ) depends on their abilities to be activated by distinct stimuli such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), and the Ras family of small G-proteins. A major factor determining the ability of each p110 enzyme to be activated is the presence of regulatory binding partners. Given the overwhelming evidence for the involvement of PI3Ks in diseases such as cancer, inflammation, immunodeficiency and diabetes, an understanding of how these regulatory proteins influence PI3K function is essential. This article highlights research deciphering the role of regulatory subunits in PI3K signaling and their involvement in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Rathinaswamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - John E Burke
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 2Y2, Canada.
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14
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Vallejo-Díaz J, Chagoyen M, Olazabal-Morán M, González-García A, Carrera AC. The Opposing Roles of PIK3R1/p85α and PIK3R2/p85β in Cancer. Trends Cancer 2019; 5:233-244. [PMID: 30961830 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the PI3K/PTEN pathway is a frequent event in cancer, and PIK3CA and PTEN are the most commonly mutated genes after TP53. PIK3R1 is the predominant regulatory isoform of PI3K. PIK3R2 is an ubiquitous isoform that has been so far overlooked, but data from The Cancer Genome Atlas shows that increased expression of PIK3R2 is also frequent in cancer. In contrast to PIK3R1, which is a tumor-suppressor gene, PIK3R2 is an oncogene. We review here the opposing roles of PIK3R1 and PIK3R2 in cancer, the regulatory mechanisms that control PIK3R2 expression, and emerging therapeutic approaches targeting PIK3R2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Vallejo-Díaz
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Monica Chagoyen
- Department of Systems Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Manuel Olazabal-Morán
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Ana González-García
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Ana Clara Carrera
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain.
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15
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Ito Y, Hart JR, Vogt PK. Isoform-specific activities of the regulatory subunits of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases - potentially novel therapeutic targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 22:869-877. [PMID: 30205700 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1522302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The main regulatory subunits of Class IA phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), p85α and p85β, initiate diverse cellular activities independent of binding to the catalytic subunit p110. Several of these signaling processes directly or indirectly contribute to a regulation of PI3K and could become targets for therapeutic efforts. Areas covered: This review will highlight two general areas of p85 activity: (1) direct interaction with regulatory proteins and with determinants of the cytoskeleton, and (2) a genetic analysis by deletion and domain switches identifying new functions for p85 domains. Expert Opinion: Isoform-specific activities of regulatory subunits have long been at the periphery of the PI3K field. Our understanding of these unique functions of the regulatory subunits is fragmentary and raises many important questions. At this time, there is insufficient information to translate this knowledge into the clinic, but some tempting targets have emerged that could move the field forward with the help of novel technologies in drug design and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Ito
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla , CA , USA
| | - Jonathan R Hart
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla , CA , USA
| | - Peter K Vogt
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla , CA , USA
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16
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Garcia E, Bernardino de la Serna J. Dissecting single-cell molecular spatiotemporal mobility and clustering at focal adhesions in polarised cells by fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy methods. Methods 2018; 140-141:85-96. [PMID: 29605734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy from optical microscopy datasets is a very powerful tool to resolve multiple spatiotemporal cellular and subcellular processes at the molecular level. In particular, raster image correlation spectroscopy (RICS) and number and brightness analyses (N&B) yield molecular mobility and clustering dynamic information extracted from real-time cellular processes. This quantitative information can be inferred in a highly flexible and detailed manner, i.e. 1) at the localisation level: from full-frame datasets and multiple regions of interest within; and 2) at the temporal level: not only from full-frame and multiple regions, but also intermediate temporal events. Here we build on previous research in deciphering the molecular dynamics of paxillin, a main component of focal adhesions. Cells use focal adhesions to attach to the extracellular matrix and interact with their local environment. Through focal adhesions and other adhesion structures, cells sense their local environment and respond accordingly; due to this continuous communication, these structures can be highly dynamic depending on the extracellular characteristics. By using a previously well-characterised model like paxillin, we examine the powerful sensitivity and some limitations of RICS and N&B analyses. We show that cells upon contact to different surfaces show differential self-assembly dynamics in terms of molecular diffusion and oligomerisation. In addition, single-cell studies show that these dynamics change gradually following an antero-posterior gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Garcia
- Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell-Oxford, UK
| | - Jorge Bernardino de la Serna
- Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell-Oxford, UK; Department of Physics, King's College London, London, UK.
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17
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Vallejo-Díaz J, Olazabal-Morán M, Cariaga-Martínez AE, Pajares MJ, Flores JM, Pio R, Montuenga LM, Carrera AC. Targeted depletion of PIK3R2 induces regression of lung squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85063-85078. [PMID: 27835880 PMCID: PMC5356720 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic mutations in the PI3K/AKT pathway are present in nearly half of human tumors. Nonetheless, inhibitory compounds of the pathway often induce pathway rebound and tumor resistance. We find that lung squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC), which accounts for ~20% of lung cancer, exhibits increased expression of the PI3K subunit PIK3R2, which is at low expression levels in normal tissues. We tested a new approach to interfere with PI3K/AKT pathway activation in lung SQCC. We generated tumor xenografts of SQCC cell lines and examined the consequences of targeting PIK3R2 expression. In tumors with high PIK3R2 expression, and independently of PIK3CA, KRAS, or PTEN mutations, PIK3R2 depletion induced lung SQCC xenograft regression without triggering PI3K/AKT pathway rebound. These results validate the use PIK3R2 interfering tools for the treatment of lung squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Vallejo-Díaz
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid
| | - Manuel Olazabal-Morán
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid
| | - Ariel E Cariaga-Martínez
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid
| | - María J Pajares
- Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute (IDISNA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juana M Flores
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Pio
- Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute (IDISNA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Science, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis M Montuenga
- Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Health Research Institute (IDISNA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Histology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Clara Carrera
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid
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18
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Guinn D, Lehman A, Fabian C, Yu L, Maddocks K, Andritsos LA, Jones JA, Flynn JM, Jaglowski SM, Woyach JA, Byrd JC, Johnson AJ. The regulation of tumor-suppressive microRNA, miR-126, in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer Med 2017; 6:778-787. [PMID: 28299881 PMCID: PMC5387133 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of miR profiling of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients with different cytogenetic profiles and responses to therapy has allowed incorporation of important miR‐mRNA interactions into the understanding of disease biology. In this study, we performed miR expression analysis using NanoString nCounter to discover differentially regulated miRs after therapy with the Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib. Of the differentially regulated miRs in the discovery set, miR‐29c and miR‐126 were confirmed using real‐time PCR to be upregulated in CLL patient cells with ibrutinib therapy. In the validation set, an inverse correlation was observed between miR‐126 levels and expression of its putative target p85β, an isoform of the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase p85 regulatory subunit. We found that mRNA for the host gene EGFL7, primary unprocessed miR‐126, and mature miR‐126 are all downregulated in CLL cells compared to normal B cells. Patients in later stages of disease have a greater decrease in miR‐126 expression compared to treatment‐naive patients, indicating that lower miR‐126 levels may associate with disease progression. Overexpression of miR‐126 in leukemia cell lines significantly downregulates p85β expression and decreases activation of prosurvival mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. These results implicate miR‐126 in the pathology of CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Guinn
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Amy Lehman
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Catherine Fabian
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kami Maddocks
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Leslie A Andritsos
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey A Jones
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joseph M Flynn
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Samantha M Jaglowski
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jennifer A Woyach
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - John C Byrd
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Amy J Johnson
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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19
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de la Cruz-Herrera CF, Baz-Martínez M, Lang V, El Motiam A, Barbazán J, Couceiro R, Abal M, Vidal A, Esteban M, Muñoz-Fontela C, Nieto A, Rodríguez MS, Collado M, Rivas C. Conjugation of SUMO to p85 leads to a novel mechanism of PI3K regulation. Oncogene 2015; 35:2873-80. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Oncogenic activity of the regulatory subunit p85β of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:16826-9. [PMID: 25385636 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1420281111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the regulatory subunit p85β of PI3K induces oncogenic transformation of primary avian fibroblasts. The transformed cells proliferate at an increased rate compared with nontransformed controls and show elevated levels of PI3K signaling. The oncogenic activity of p85β requires an active PI3K-TOR signaling cascade and is mediated by the p110α and p110β isoforms of the PI3K catalytic subunit. The data suggest that p85β is a less effective inhibitor of the PI3K catalytic subunit than p85α and that this reduced level of p110 inhibition accounts for the oncogenic activity of p85β.
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