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de Geus V, Ewing-Graham PC, de Koning W, de Koning MNC, van den Bosch TPP, Nigg AL, van Eijck CHJ, Jozwiak M, van Beekhuizen HJ, Mustafa DAM. Identifying Molecular Changes in Early Cervical Cancer Samples of Patients That Developed Metastasis. Front Oncol 2022; 11:715077. [PMID: 35087740 PMCID: PMC8787153 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.715077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. Patients diagnosed with early-stage cervical cancer have a good prognosis, however, 10-20% suffer from local or distant recurrent disease after primary treatment. Treatment options for recurrent cervical cancer are limited. Therefore, it is crucial to identify factors that can predict patients with an increased risk of recurrence to optimize treatment to prevent the recurrence of cervical cancer. We aimed to identify biomarkers in early-stage primary cervical cancer which recurred after surgery. Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded surgical specimens of 34 patients with early-stage cervical cancer (FIGO 2009 stage 1B1) and 7 healthy controls were analyzed. Targeted gene expression profiling using the PanCancer IO 360 panel of NanoString Technology was performed. The findings were confirmed by performing immunohistochemistry stainings. Various genes, namely GLS, CD36, WNT5a, HRAS, DDB2, PIK3R2, and CDH2 were found to be differentially highly expressed in primary cervical cancer samples of patients who developed distant recurrence. In addition, The relative infiltration score of CD8+ T cells, CD80+CD86+ macrophages, CD163+MRC1+ macrophages, and FOXP3+IL2RA+ regulatory T cells were significantly higher in this group of samples. In contrast, no significant differences in gene expression and relative immune infiltration were found in samples of patients who developed local recurrence. The infiltration of CD8 and FOXP3 cells were validated by immunohistochemistry using all samples included in the study. We identified molecular alterations in primary cervical cancer samples from patients who developed recurrent disease. These findings can be utilized towards developing a molecular signature for the early detection of patients with a high risk to develop metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera de Geus
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Tumor Immuno-Pathology Laboratory, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Willem de Koning
- Department of Pathology, Tumor Immuno-Pathology Laboratory, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Clinical Bioinformatics Unit, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maurits N C de Koning
- Department of Research & Development Services, Delft Diagnostic Laboratory (DDL) Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | | | - Alex L Nigg
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Casper H J van Eijck
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marta Jozwiak
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Dana A M Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, Tumor Immuno-Pathology Laboratory, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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