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Zhang L, Xia J. N6-Methyladenosine Methylation of mRNA in Cell Apoptosis. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3934-3948. [PMID: 38040996 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03813-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis, a highly controlled homeostatic mechanism that eliminates single cells without destroying tissue function, occurs during growing development and senescence. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), as the most common internal modification of eukaryotic mRNA, fine-tunes gene expression by regulating many aspects of mRNA metabolism, such as splicing, nucleation, stability, translation, and degradation. Remarkably, recent reports have indicated that aberrant methylation of m6A-related RNA may directly or indirectly influence the expression of apoptosis-related genes, thus regulating the process of cell apoptosis. In this review, we summarized the relationship between m6A modification and cell apoptosis, especially its role in the nervous system, and analyzed the limitations of the current research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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2
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Meng ZY, Fan YC, Zhang CS, Zhang LL, Wu T, Nong MY, Wang T, Chen C, Jiang LH. EXOSC10 is a novel hepatocellular carcinoma prognostic biomarker: a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and experiment verification. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15860. [PMID: 37701829 PMCID: PMC10494838 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor. There are few studies on EXOSC10 (exosome component 10) in HCC; however, the importance of EXOSC10 for HCC remains unclear. Methods In the study, the prognosis value of EXOSC10 and the immune correlation were explored by bioinformatics. The expression of EXOSC10 was verified by tissue samples from clinical patients and in vitro experiment (liver cancer cell lines HepG2, MHCC97H and Huh-7; normal human liver cell line LO2). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect EXOSC10 protein expression in clinical tissue from HCC. Huh-7 cells with siEXOSC10 were constructed using lipofectamine 3000. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) and colony formation were used to test cell proliferation. The wound healing and transwell were used to analyze the cell migration capacity. Mitochondrial membrane potential, Hoechst 33342 dye, and flow cytometer were used to detect the change in cell apoptosis, respectively. Differential expression genes (DEGs) analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to investigate the potential mechanism of EXOSC10 and were verified by western blotting. Results EXOSC10 was highly expressed in tissues from patients with HCC and was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in HCC. Increased expression of EXOSC10 was significantly related to histological grade, T stage, and pathological stage. Multivariate analysis indicated that the high expression level of EXOSC10 was correlated with poor overall survival (OS) in HCC. GO and GSEA analysis showed enrichment of the cell cycle and p53-related signaling pathway. Immune analysis showed that EXOSC10 expression was a significant positive correlation with immune infiltration in HCC. In vitro experiments, cell proliferation and migration were inhibited by the elimination of EXOSC10. Furthermore, the elimination of EXOSC10 induced cell apoptosis, suppressed PARP, N-cadherin and Bcl-2 protein expression levels, while increasing Bax, p21, p53, p-p53, and E-cadherin protein expression levels. Conclusions EXOSC10 had a predictive value for the prognosis of HCC and may regulate the progression of HCC through the p53-related signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Meng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Nanning, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yu-Chun Fan
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chao-Sheng Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Nanning, China
| | - Lin-Li Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Nanning, China
| | - Tong Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Nanning, China
| | - Min-Yu Nong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Nanning, China
| | - Tian Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Nanning, China
| | - Chuang Chen
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Li-He Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Nanning, China
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province,Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province (Zunyi Medical University), Guizhou, China
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3
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Jin Y, Lu Y, Lin L, Liu C, Ma X, Chen X, Zhou Z, Hu Z, Pu J, Chen G, Deng Q, Jiang L, Li Y, Zhao Y, Wang H, Fu J, Li W, Zhu S. Harnessing endogenous transcription factors directly by small molecules for chemically induced pluripotency inception. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2215155120. [PMID: 37192170 PMCID: PMC10214147 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215155120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemistry-alone approach has recently been applied for incepting pluripotency in somatic cells, representing a breakthrough in biology. However, chemical reprogramming is hampered by low efficiency, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Particularly, chemical compounds do not have specific DNA-recognition domains or transcription regulatory domains, and then how do small molecules work as a driving force for reinstating pluripotency in somatic cells? Furthermore, how to efficiently clear materials and structures of an old cell to prepare the rebuilding of a new one? Here, we show that small molecule CD3254 activates endogenous existing transcription factor RXRα to significantly promote mouse chemical reprogramming. Mechanistically, CD3254-RXRα axis can directly activate all the 11 RNA exosome component genes (Exosc1-10 and Dis3) at transcriptional level. Unexpectedly, rather than degrading mRNAs as its substrates, RNA exosome mainly modulates the degradation of transposable element (TE)-associated RNAs, particularly MMVL30, which is identified as a new barrier for cell-fate determination. In turn, MMVL30-mediated inflammation (IFN-γ and TNF-α pathways) is reduced, contributing to the promotion of successful reprogramming. Collectively, our study provides conceptual advances for translating environmental cues into pluripotency inception, particularly, identifies that CD3254-RXRα-RNA exosome axis can promote chemical reprogramming, and suggests modulation of TE-mediated inflammation via CD3254-inducible RNA exosome as important opportunities for controlling cell fates and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Yunkun Lu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Lianyu Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Xi Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Ziyu Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Zhensheng Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Jiaqi Pu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310052, China
| | - Guo Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Qian Deng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Liling Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Yuhan Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Yulong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310008, China
| | - Junfen Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310052, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Saiyong Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Life Sciences Institute and School of Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
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Zare Ashrafi F, Akhtarkhavari T, Fattahi Z, Asadnezhad M, Beheshtian M, Arzhangi S, Najmabadi H, Kahrizi K. Emerging Epidemiological Data on Rare Intellectual Disability Syndromes from Analyzing the Data of a Large Iranian Cohort. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2023; 26:186-197. [PMID: 38301078 PMCID: PMC10685746 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2023.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intellectual disability (ID) is a genetically heterogeneous condition, and so far, 1679 human genes have been identified for this phenotype. Countries with a high rate of parental consanguinity, such as Iran, provide an excellent opportunity to identify the remaining novel ID genes, especially those with an autosomal recessive (AR) mode of inheritance. This study aimed to investigate the most prevalent ID genes identified via next-generation sequencing (NGS) in a large ID cohort at the Genetics Research Center (GRC) of the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences. METHODS First, we surveyed the epidemiological data of 619 of 1295 families in our ID cohort, who referred to the Genetics Research Center from all over the country between 2004 and 2021 for genetic investigation via the NGS pipeline. We then compared our data with those of several prominent studies conducted in consanguineous countries. Data analysis, including cohort data extraction, categorization, and comparison, was performed using the R program version 4.1.2. RESULTS We categorized the most common ID genes that were mutated in more than two families into 17 categories. The most common syndromic ID in our cohort was AP4 deficiency syndrome, and the most common non-syndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability (ARID) gene was ASPM. We identified two unrelated families for the 36 ID genes. We found 14 genes in common between our cohort and the Arab and Pakistani groups, of which three genes (AP4M1, AP4S1, and ADGRG1) were repeated more than once. CONCLUSION To date, there has been no comprehensive targeted NGS platform for the detection of ID genes in our country. Due to the large sample size of our study, our data may provide the initial step toward designing an indigenously targeted NGS platform for the diagnosis of ID, especially common ARID in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzane Zare Ashrafi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tara Akhtarkhavari
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Fattahi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Asadnezhad
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Beheshtian
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Arzhangi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Najmabadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Kahrizi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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An S, Yao D, Zhang W, Sun H, Yu T, Jia R, Yang Y. WDR36 Safeguards Self-Renewal and Pluripotency of Human Extended Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Genet 2022; 13:905395. [PMID: 35937980 PMCID: PMC9353684 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.905395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended pluripotent stem cells (EPS cells) have unlimited self-renewal ability and the potential to differentiate into mesodermal, ectodermal, and endodermal cells. Notably, in addition to developing the embryonic (Em) lineages, it can also make an effective contribution to extraembryonic (ExEm) lineages both in vitro and in vivo. However, multiple mysteries still remain about the underlying molecular mechanism of EPS cells’ maintenance and developmental potential. WDR36 (WD Repeat Domain 36), a protein of 105 kDa with 14 WD40 repeats, which may fold into two β-propellers, participates in 18sRNA synthesis and P53 stress response. Though WDR36 safeguards mouse early embryonic development, that is, homozygous knockout of WDR36 can result in embryonic lethality, what role does WDR36 plays in self-renewal and differentiation developmental potential of human EPS cells is still a subject of concern. Here, our findings suggested that the expression of WDR36 was downregulated during human hEPS cells lost self-renewal. Through constructing inducible knockdown or overexpressing WDR36-human EPS cell lines, we found that WDR36 knockdown disrupted self-renewal but promoted the mesodermal differentiation of human EPS cells; however, overexpressing of WDR36 had little effect. Additionally, P53 inhibition could reverse the effects of WDR36 knockdown, on both self-renewal maintenance and differentiation potential of human EPS cells. These data implied that WDR36 safeguards self-renewal and pluripotency of human EPS cells, which would extend our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of human EPS cells’ self-renewal and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu An
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Yao
- Department of Obstetrics, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing, China
- Fourth Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruizhe Jia
- Department of Obstetrics, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Yang, ; Ruizhe Jia,
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Yang, ; Ruizhe Jia,
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6
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Petit FG, Jamin SP, Kernanec PY, Becker E, Halet G, Primig M. EXOSC10/Rrp6 is essential for the eight-cell embryo/morula transition. Dev Biol 2021; 483:58-65. [PMID: 34965385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The conserved 3'-5' exoribonuclease EXOSC10/Rrp6 is required for gametogenesis, brain development, erythropoiesis and blood cell enhancer function. The human ortholog is essential for mitosis in cultured cancer cells. Little is known, however, about the role of Exosc10 during embryo development and organogenesis. We generated an Exosc10 knockout model and find that Exosc10-/- mice show an embryonic lethal phenotype. We demonstrate that Exosc10 maternal wild type mRNA is present in mutant oocytes and that the gene is expressed during all stages of early embryogenesis. Furthermore, we observe that EXOSC10 early on localizes to the periphery of nucleolus precursor bodies in blastomeres, which is in keeping with the protein's role in rRNA processing and may indicate a function in the establishment of chromatin domains during initial stages of embryogenesis. Finally, we infer from genotyping data for embryonic days e7.5, e6.5 and e4.5 and embryos cultured in vitro that Exosc10-/- mutants arrest at the eight-cell embryo/morula transition. Our results demonstrate a novel essential role for Exosc10 during early embryogenesis, and they are consistent with earlier work showing that impaired ribosome biogenesis causes a developmental arrest at the morula stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice G Petit
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
| | - Soazik P Jamin
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Kernanec
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | | | - Guillaume Halet
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes), UMR 6290, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Michael Primig
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France.
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METTL3-mediated M6A methylation modification is involved in colistin-induced nephrotoxicity through apoptosis mediated by Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Toxicology 2021; 462:152961. [PMID: 34560125 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Colistin is a cationic polypeptide antibiotic. Despite its nephrotoxicity, it is still widely used as a last-line antibiotic against infection worldwide with the emergence of multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacilli. N-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation-mediated degradation of RNA is essential for kidney development. However, m6A methylation impacts not only RNA stability, but also other RNA metabolism processes. How RNA decay affects the nephrotoxicity of colistin is largely unknown. Therefore, in this study, we verified that colistin could induce mouse kidney apoptosis through some apoptotic indicators, and confirmed the relationship between methylation and apoptosis through the detection of m6A methylation, thus elucidating the potential mechanism of colistin nephrotoxicity. The results showed that the renal tubule dilation and tubular structure were observed in the colistin group, and the oxidative stress index and ATPase activities were significantly different from those in the control group. Under electron microscope, the kidney in colistin group showed typical apoptotic morphological changes such as nuclear pyknosis, chromatin edge aggregation, and intact nuclear membrane, accompanied by significant changes in apoptosis-related genes. The level of m6A in the colistin group was significantly decreased, accompanied by downregulation of METTL3 mRNA and protein levels, and METTL3 was significantly correlated with apoptotic gene proteins. Data from this study suggested that m6A methylation was involved in oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in the mechanism of colistin nephrotoxicity.
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Liu Q, Xiao Q, Sun Z, Wang B, Wang L, Wang N, Wang K, Song C, Yang Q. Exosome component 1 cleaves single-stranded DNA and sensitizes human kidney renal clear cell carcinoma cells to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor. eLife 2021; 10:e69454. [PMID: 34159897 PMCID: PMC8260222 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting DNA repair pathway offers an important therapeutic strategy for Homo sapiens (human) cancers. However, the failure of DNA repair inhibitors to markedly benefit patients necessitates the development of new strategies. Here, we show that exosome component 1 (EXOSC1) promotes DNA damages and sensitizes human kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) cells to DNA repair inhibitor. Considering that endogenous source of mutation (ESM) constantly assaults genomic DNA and likely sensitizes human cancer cells to the inhibitor, we first analyzed the statistical relationship between the expression of individual genes and the mutations for KIRC. Among the candidates, EXOSC1 most notably promoted DNA damages and subsequent mutations via preferentially cleaving C site(s) in single-stranded DNA. Consistently, EXOSC1 was more significantly correlated with C>A transversions in coding strands than these in template strands in human KIRC. Notably, KIRC patients with high EXOSC1 showed a poor prognosis, and EXOSC1 sensitized human cancer cells to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. These results show that EXOSC1 acts as an ESM in KIRC, and targeting EXOSC1 might be a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Liu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, DaLian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Qi Xiao
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, DaLian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Zhen Sun
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, DaLian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, DaLian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Lina Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, DaLian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Na Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, DaLian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, DaLian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Chengli Song
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, DaLian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Qingkai Yang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, DaLian Medical UniversityDalianChina
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Huang L, Liang H, Wang S, Chen S. m 6A writer complex promotes timely differentiation and survival of retinal progenitor cells in zebrafish. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 567:171-176. [PMID: 34166914 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent internal modification in eukaryotic mRNAs that modulates mRNA metabolism and function. Most m6A modifications on mRNAs are catalyzed by a core writer complex consisting of a methyltransferase, Mettl3, and two ancillary components, Mettl14 and Wtap. Recent studies have demonstrated important roles of m6A in various physiological and pathological processes, such as stem cell multipotency, cell differentiation, and cancer progression. However, our knowledge about m6A in the retina is still lacking. In this study, we used zebrafish as a model vertebrate to study the function of the m6A modification during retinal development. We show that the three main components of the m6A writer complex, mettl3, mettl14 and wtap, are abundantly expressed in the developing zebrafish eyes, and that knocking down m6A writer complex in zebrafish embryos caused microphthalmia formation, delayed retinal progenitor cells differentiation and increased cell death. By examining the retinal developmental processes in m6A writer complex-deficient fish, we show that m6A modification regulates zebrafish retinal development through ensuring the timely differentiation and survival of the retinal progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianggui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Huilin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Sifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Shuyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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10
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Sokpor G, Xie Y, Nguyen HP, Tuoc T. Emerging Role of m 6 A Methylome in Brain Development: Implications for Neurological Disorders and Potential Treatment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:656849. [PMID: 34095121 PMCID: PMC8170044 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.656849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic modification of RNA affords proximal regulation of gene expression triggered by non-genomic or environmental changes. One such epitranscriptomic alteration in RNA metabolism is the installation of a methyl group on adenosine [N6-methyladenosine (m6A)] known to be the most prevalent modified state of messenger RNA (mRNA) in the mammalian cell. The methylation machinery responsible for the dynamic deposition and recognition of m6A on mRNA is composed of subunits that play specific roles, including reading, writing, and erasing of m6A marks on mRNA to influence gene expression. As a result, peculiar cellular perturbations have been linked to dysregulation of components of the mRNA methylation machinery or its cofactors. It is increasingly clear that neural tissues/cells, especially in the brain, make the most of m6A modification in maintaining normal morphology and function. Neurons in particular display dynamic distribution of m6A marks during development and in adulthood. Interestingly, such dynamic m6A patterns are responsive to external cues and experience. Specific disturbances in the neural m6A landscape lead to anomalous phenotypes, including aberrant stem/progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation, defective cell fate choices, and abnormal synaptogenesis. Such m6A-linked neural perturbations may singularly or together have implications for syndromic or non-syndromic neurological diseases, given that most RNAs in the brain are enriched with m6A tags. Here, we review the current perspectives on the m6A machinery and function, its role in brain development and possible association with brain disorders, and the prospects of applying the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–dCas13b system to obviate m6A-related neurological anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin Sokpor
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Yuanbin Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Huu P Nguyen
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tran Tuoc
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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