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Benzo(a)pyrene and Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Co-Exposure Impair Human Trophoblast Cell Stress Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065439. [PMID: 36982514 PMCID: PMC10049531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human placenta is a multifunctional interface between maternal and fetal blood. Studying the impact of pollutants on this organ is crucial because many xenobiotics in maternal blood can accumulate in placental cells or pass into the fetal circulation. Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NP), which share the same emission sources, are found in ambient air pollution and also in maternal blood. The aim of the study was to depict the main signaling pathways modulated after exposure to BaP or CeO2 NP vs. co-exposure on both chorionic villi explants and villous cytotrophoblasts isolated from human term placenta. At nontoxic doses of pollutants, BaP is bioactivated by AhR xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, leading to DNA damage with an increase in γ-H2AX, the stabilization of stress transcription factor p53, and the induction of its target p21. These effects are reproduced in co-exposure with CeO2 NP, except for the increase in γ-H2AX, which suggests a modulation of the genotoxic effect of BaP by CeO2 NP. Moreover, CeO2 NP in individual and co-exposure lead to a decrease in Prx-SO3, suggesting an antioxidant effect. This study is the first to identify the signaling pathways modulated after co-exposure to these two pollutants, which are common in the environment.
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Rizvi SF, Hasan A, Parveen S, Mir SS. Untangling the complexity of heat shock protein 27 in cancer and metastasis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 736:109537. [PMID: 36738981 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 27 is a type of molecular chaperone whose expression gets up-regulated due to reaction towards different stressful triggers including anticancer treatments. It is known to be a major player of resistance development in cancer cells, whereby cells are sheltered against the therapeutics that normally activate apoptosis. Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) is one of the highly expressed proteins during various cellular insults and is a strong tumor survival factor. HSP27 influences various cellular pathways associated with cancer cell survival and growth such as apoptosis, autophagy, metastasis, angiogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, etc. HSP27 is molecular machinery which prevents the clumping of numerous substrates or client proteins which get mutated in cancer. It has been reported in several studies that targeting HSP27 is difficult because of its dynamic structure and absence of an ATP-binding site. Here, in this review, we have summarized different modulators of HSP27 and their mechanism of action as well. Effect of deregulated HSP27 in various cancer models, limitations of targeting HSP27, resistance against the conventional drugs generated due to the overexpression of HSP27, and measures to counteract this effect have also been discussed here in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suroor Fatima Rizvi
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India.
| | - Adria Hasan
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India.
| | - Sana Parveen
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India; Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India.
| | - Snober S Mir
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India; Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India.
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3
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Yang C, Zhao X, An X, Zhang Y, Sun W, Zhang Y, Duan Y, Kang X, Sun Y, Jiang L, Lian F. Axonal transport deficits in the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1136796. [PMID: 37056668 PMCID: PMC10086245 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1136796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a chronic and prevalent metabolic disease that gravely endangers human health and seriously affects the quality of life of hyperglycemic patients. More seriously, it can lead to amputation and neuropathic pain, imposing a severe financial burden on patients and the healthcare system. Even with strict glycemic control or pancreas transplantation, peripheral nerve damage is difficult to reverse. Most current treatment options for DPN can only treat the symptoms but not the underlying mechanism. Patients with long-term diabetes mellitus (DM) develop axonal transport dysfunction, which could be an important factor in causing or exacerbating DPN. This review explores the underlying mechanisms that may be related to axonal transport impairment and cytoskeletal changes caused by DM, and the relevance of the latter with the occurrence and progression of DPN, including nerve fiber loss, diminished nerve conduction velocity, and impaired nerve regeneration, and also predicts possible therapeutic strategies. Understanding the mechanisms of diabetic neuronal injury is essential to prevent the deterioration of DPN and to develop new therapeutic strategies. Timely and effective improvement of axonal transport impairment is particularly critical for the treatment of peripheral neuropathies.
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Kalli M, Li R, Mills GB, Stylianopoulos T, Zervantonakis IK. Mechanical Stress Signaling in Pancreatic Cancer Cells Triggers p38 MAPK- and JNK-Dependent Cytoskeleton Remodeling and Promotes Cell Migration via Rac1/cdc42/Myosin II. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:485-497. [PMID: 34782370 PMCID: PMC8898300 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer is highly resistant to existing therapies, and new treatments are urgently needed to improve patient outcomes. Current studies focus on alternative treatment approaches that target the abnormal microenvironment of pancreatic tumors and the resulting elevated mechanical stress in the tumor interior. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms by which mechanical stress regulates pancreatic cancer metastatic potential remain elusive. Herein, we used a proteomic assay to profile mechanical stress-induced signaling cascades that drive the motility of pancreatic cancer cells. Proteomic analysis, together with selective protein inhibition and siRNA treatments, revealed that mechanical stress enhances cell migration through activation of the p38 MAPK/HSP27 and JNK/c-Jun signaling axes, and activation of the actin cytoskeleton remodelers: Rac1, cdc42, and myosin II. In addition, mechanical stress upregulated transcription factors associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stimulated the formation of stress fibers and filopodia. p38 MAPK and JNK inhibition resulted in lower cell proliferation and more effectively blocked cell migration under mechanical stress compared with control conditions. The enhanced tumor cell motility under mechanical stress was potently reduced by cdc42 and Rac1 silencing with no effects on proliferation. Our results highlight the importance of targeting aberrant signaling in cancer cells that have adapted to mechanical stress in the tumor microenvironment, as a novel approach to effectively limit pancreatic cancer cell migration. IMPLICATIONS Our findings highlight that mechanical stress activated the p38 MAPK and JNK signaling axis and stimulated pancreatic cancer cell migration via upregulation of the actin cytoskeleton remodelers cdc42 and Rac1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kalli
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ruxuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Gordon B. Mills
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Oregon, Pennsylvania
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis K. Zervantonakis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Rada CC, Mejia-Pena H, Grimsey NJ, Cordova IC, Olson J, Wozniak J, Gonzalez DJ, Nizet V, Trejo J. Heat shock protein 27 activity is linked to endothelial barrier recovery after proinflammatory GPCR-induced disruption. Sci Signal 2021; 14:eabc1044. [PMID: 34516752 PMCID: PMC8538426 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abc1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Vascular inflammation causes endothelial barrier disruption and tissue edema. Several inflammatory mediators act through G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), including protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1), to elicit inflammatory responses. The activation of PAR1 by its ligand thrombin stimulates proinflammatory, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling that promotes endothelial barrier disruption. Through mass spectrometry phosphoproteomics, we identified heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), which exists as a large oligomer that binds to actin, as a promising candidate for the p38-mediated regulation of barrier integrity. Depletion of HSP27 by siRNA enhanced endothelial cell barrier permeability and slowed recovery after thrombin stimulation. We further showed that two effector kinases of p38 MAPK, MAPKAPK2 (MK2) and MAPKAPK3 (MK3), differentially phosphorylated HSP27 at Ser15, Ser78, and Ser82. Whereas inhibition of thrombin-stimulated p38 activation blocked HSP27 phosphorylation at all three sites, inhibition of MK2 reduced the phosphorylation of only Ser15 and Ser78. Inhibition of both MK2 and MK3 was necessary to attenuate Ser82 phosphorylation. Thrombin-stimulated p38-MK2-MK3 signaling induced HSP27 oligomer disassembly. However, a phosphorylation-deficient mutant of HSP27 exhibited defective oligomer disassembly and altered the dynamics of barrier recovery after thrombin stimulation. Moreover, blocking HSP27 oligomer reassembly with the small-molecule inhibitor J2 enhanced endothelial barrier permeability in vitro and vascular leakage in vivo in response to PAR1 activation. These studies reveal the distinct regulation of HSP27 phosphorylation and function induced by the GPCR-stimulated p38-MK2-MK3 signaling axis that controls the dynamics of endothelial barrier recovery in vitro and vascular leakage in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara C. Rada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Hilda Mejia-Pena
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Neil J. Grimsey
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30682, USA
| | - Isabel Canto Cordova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joshua Olson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jacob Wozniak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David J. Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Victor Nizet
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - JoAnn Trejo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Ramesh P, Dey NS, Kanwal A, Mandal S, Mandal L. Relish plays a dynamic role in the niche to modulate Drosophila blood progenitor homeostasis in development and infection. eLife 2021; 10:67158. [PMID: 34292149 PMCID: PMC8363268 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune challenges demand the gearing up of basal hematopoiesis to combat infection. Little is known about how during development, this switch is achieved to take care of the insult. Here, we show that the hematopoietic niche of the larval lymph gland of Drosophila senses immune challenge and reacts to it quickly through the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), Relish, a component of the immune deficiency (Imd) pathway. During development, Relish is triggered by ecdysone signaling in the hematopoietic niche to maintain the blood progenitors. Loss of Relish causes an alteration in the cytoskeletal architecture of the niche cells in a Jun Kinase-dependent manner, resulting in the trapping of Hh implicated in progenitor maintenance. Notably, during infection, downregulation of Relish in the niche tilts the maintenance program toward precocious differentiation, thereby bolstering the cellular arm of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvathy Ramesh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, India.,Developmental Genetics Laboratory, IISER Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Nidhi Sharma Dey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, India.,Developmental Genetics Laboratory, IISER Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Aditya Kanwal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, India.,Developmental Genetics Laboratory, IISER Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Sudip Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, India.,Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, IISER Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Lolitika Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, India.,Developmental Genetics Laboratory, IISER Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab, India
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7
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Wood JPM, Tahmasebi M, Casson RJ, Plunkett M, Chidlow G. Physiological response of the retinal pigmented epithelium to 3-ns pulse laser application, in vitro and in vivo. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 49:454-469. [PMID: 33904222 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To treat healthy retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) with the 3-ns retinal rejuvenation therapy (2RT) laser and to investigate the subsequent wound-healing response of these cells. METHODS Primary rat RPE cells were treated with the 2RT laser at a range of energy settings. Treated cells were fixed up to 7 days post-irradiation and assessed for expression of proteins associated with wound-healing. For in vivo treatments, eyes of Dark Agouti rats were exposed to laser and tissues collected up to 7 days post-irradiation. Isolated wholemount RPE preparations were examined for structural and protein expression changes. RESULTS Cultured RPE cells were ablated by 2RT laser in an energy-dependent manner. In all cases, the RPE cell layer repopulated completely within 7 days. Replenishment of RPE cells was associated with expression of the heat shock protein, Hsp27, the intermediate filament proteins, vimentin and nestin, and the cell cycle-associated protein, cyclin D1. Cellular tight junctions were lost in lased regions but re-expressed when cell replenishment was complete. In vivo, 2RT treatment gave rise to both an energy-dependent localised denudation of the RPE and the subsequent repopulation of lesion sites. Cell replenishment was associated with the increased expression of cyclin D1, vimentin and the heat shock proteins Hsp27 and αB-crystallin. CONCLUSIONS The 2RT laser was able to target the RPE both in vitro and in vivo, causing debridement of the cells and the consequent stimulation of a wound-healing response leading to layer reformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P M Wood
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Discipline of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Marzieh Tahmasebi
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Discipline of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robert J Casson
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Discipline of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Malcolm Plunkett
- Discipline of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Glyn Chidlow
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Discipline of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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8
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Budhram-Mahadeo VS, Solomons MR, Mahadeo-Heads EAO. Linking metabolic dysfunction with cardiovascular diseases: Brn-3b/POU4F2 transcription factor in cardiometabolic tissues in health and disease. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:267. [PMID: 33712567 PMCID: PMC7955040 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03551-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic and cardiovascular diseases are highly prevalent and chronic conditions that are closely linked by complex molecular and pathological changes. Such adverse effects often arise from changes in the expression of genes that control essential cellular functions, but the factors that drive such effects are not fully understood. Since tissue-specific transcription factors control the expression of multiple genes, which affect cell fate under different conditions, then identifying such regulators can provide valuable insight into the molecular basis of such diseases. This review explores emerging evidence that supports novel and important roles for the POU4F2/Brn-3b transcription factor (TF) in controlling cellular genes that regulate cardiometabolic function. Brn-3b is expressed in insulin-responsive metabolic tissues (e.g. skeletal muscle and adipose tissue) and is important for normal function because constitutive Brn-3b-knockout (KO) mice develop profound metabolic dysfunction (hyperglycaemia; insulin resistance). Brn-3b is highly expressed in the developing hearts, with lower levels in adult hearts. However, Brn-3b is re-expressed in adult cardiomyocytes following haemodynamic stress or injury and is necessary for adaptive cardiac responses, particularly in male hearts, because male Brn-3b KO mice develop adverse remodelling and reduced cardiac function. As a TF, Brn-3b regulates the expression of multiple target genes, including GLUT4, GSK3β, sonic hedgehog (SHH), cyclin D1 and CDK4, which have known functions in controlling metabolic processes but also participate in cardiac responses to stress or injury. Therefore, loss of Brn-3b and the resultant alterations in the expression of such genes could potentially provide the link between metabolic dysfunctions with adverse cardiovascular responses, which is seen in Brn-3b KO mutants. Since the loss of Brn-3b is associated with obesity, type II diabetes (T2DM) and altered cardiac responses to stress, this regulator may provide a new and important link for understanding how pathological changes arise in such endemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwanie S Budhram-Mahadeo
- Molecular Biology Development and Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Matthew R Solomons
- Molecular Biology Development and Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Eeshan A O Mahadeo-Heads
- Molecular Biology Development and Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.,College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter Medical School, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
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Costa TJ, Barros PR, Arce C, Santos JD, da Silva-Neto J, Egea G, Dantas AP, Tostes RC, Jiménez-Altayó F. The homeostatic role of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and nitric oxide in the vasculature. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:615-635. [PMID: 33248264 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are produced in a wide range of physiological reactions that, at low concentrations, play essential roles in living organisms. There is a delicate equilibrium between formation and degradation of these mediators in a healthy vascular system, which contributes to maintaining these species under non-pathological levels to preserve normal vascular functions. Antioxidants scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species to prevent or reduce damage caused by excessive oxidation. However, an excessive reductive environment induced by exogenous antioxidants may disrupt redox balance and lead to vascular pathology. This review summarizes the main aspects of free radical biochemistry (formation, sources and elimination) and the crucial actions of some of the most biologically relevant and well-characterized reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and nitric oxide) in the physiological regulation of vascular function, structure and angiogenesis. Furthermore, current preclinical and clinical evidence is discussed on how excessive removal of these crucial responses by exogenous antioxidants (vitamins and related compounds, polyphenols) may perturb vascular homeostasis. The aim of this review is to provide information of the crucial physiological roles of oxidation in the endothelium, vascular smooth muscle cells and perivascular adipose tissue for developing safer and more effective vascular interventions with antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago J Costa
- Pharmacology Department, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Cristina Arce
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Nanociencies i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Júlio da Silva-Neto
- Pharmacology Department, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Egea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Nanociencies i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Paula Dantas
- Institut Clínic del Tòrax, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rita C Tostes
- Pharmacology Department, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francesc Jiménez-Altayó
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Neuroscience Institute, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Radix Tetrastigma flavonoids inhibit the migration and promote the apoptosis of A549 cells both in vitro and in vivo. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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11
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Angé M, Castanares-Zapatero D, De Poortere J, Dufeys C, Courtoy GE, Bouzin C, Quarck R, Bertrand L, Beauloye C, Horman S. α1AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Protects against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endothelial Barrier Disruption via Junctional Reinforcement and Activation of the p38 MAPK/HSP27 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155581. [PMID: 32759774 PMCID: PMC7432762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular hyperpermeability is a determinant factor in the pathophysiology of sepsis. While, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is known to play a role in maintaining endothelial barrier function in this condition. Therefore, we investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms of this protective effect. α1AMPK expression and/or activity was modulated in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells using either α1AMPK-targeting small interfering RNA or the direct pharmacological AMPK activator 991, prior to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. Western blotting was used to analyze the expression and/or phosphorylation of proteins that compose cellular junctions (zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-Cad), connexin 43 (Cx43)) or that regulate actin cytoskeleton (p38 MAPK; heat shock protein 27 (HSP27)). Functional endothelial permeability was assessed by in vitro Transwell assays, and quantification of cellular junctions in the plasma membrane was assessed by immunofluorescence. Actin cytoskeleton remodeling was evaluated through actin fluorescent staining. We consequently demonstrate that α1AMPK deficiency is associated with reduced expression of CX43, ZO-1, and VE-Cad, and that the drastic loss of CX43 is likely responsible for the subsequent decreased expression and localization of ZO-1 and VE-Cad in the plasma membrane. Moreover, α1AMPK activation by 991 protects against LPS-induced endothelial barrier disruption by reinforcing cortical actin cytoskeleton. This is due to a mechanism that involves the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and HSP27, which is nonetheless independent of the small GTPase Rac1. This results in a drastic decrease of LPS-induced hyperpermeability. We conclude that α1AMPK activators that are suitable for clinical use may provide a specific therapeutic intervention that limits sepsis-induced vascular leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Angé
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Diego Castanares-Zapatero
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
- Division of Intensive Care, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julien De Poortere
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Cécile Dufeys
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Guillaume E. Courtoy
- IREC Imaging Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (G.E.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (G.E.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Rozenn Quarck
- Department of Chronic Diseases & Metabolism (CHROMETA), Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases & Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
- Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-764-55-66
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12
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Bhattacharya A, Ghosh P, Prasad R, Ghosh A, Das K, Roy A, Mallik S, Sinha DK, Sen P. MAP Kinase driven actomyosin rearrangement is a crucial regulator of monocyte to macrophage differentiation. Cell Signal 2020; 73:109691. [PMID: 32531262 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton correlates significantly with the immune responses as the perturbation of cytoskeletal dynamics leads to many immune deficiencies. Mechanistic insights into this correlation remain unknown. Cellular spreading, the most characteristic phenotype associated with monocyte to macrophage differentiation, led us to investigate the contribution of actomyosin dynamics in monocyte differentiation. Our observation revealed that actomyosin reorganization intrinsically governs the process of monocyte to macrophage differentiation. Further, we established that the MAPK-driven signaling pathways regulate the cellular actomyosin dynamics that direct monocyte to macrophage differentiation. We also identified P42/44 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (P42/44 MAPK), P38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (P38 MAPK), MAP Kinase Activated Protein Kinase 2 (MK-2), Heat Shock Protein 27 (Hsp-27), Lim Kinase (Lim K), non-muscle cofilin (n-cofilin), Myosin Light Chain Kinase (MLCK) and Myosin Light Chain (MLC) as critical components of the signaling network. Moreover, we have shown the involvement of the same signaling cascade in 3D gel-like microenvironment induced spontaneous monocyte to macrophage differentiation and in human blood-derived PBMC differentiation. Our study reveals new mechanistic insights into the process of monocyte to macrophage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Bhattacharya
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Purnam Ghosh
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ramesh Prasad
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Kaushik Das
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Roy
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suman Mallik
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Sinha
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Prosenjit Sen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
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13
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Xin C, Kim J, Quan H, Yin M, Jeong S, Choi JI, Jang EA, Lee CH, Kim DH, Bae HB. Ginsenoside Rg3 promotes Fc gamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis of bacteria by macrophages via an extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent mechanism. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 77:105945. [PMID: 31644962 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg3 is a steroidal saponin abundant in Korean red ginseng that has high anti-inflammatory activity. Rg3 exerts an immunomodulatory effect in acute inflammatory conditions such as bacterial infections. In this study, we determined the effect of Rg3 on bacterial uptake by macrophages and the related intracellular signaling pathways. Rg3 increased macrophage phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized Escherichia coli and IgG-opsonized beads (IgGbeads), but not of non-opsonized beads. Rg3 also enhanced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), but not that of Akt. The inclusion of IgGbeads in macrophage cultures also increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38, but co-culture of macrophages with non-opsonized beads did not affect the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38. The Rg3-induced promotion of phagocytosis was inhibited by PD98059, an ERK1/2 inhibitor, and SB203580, a p38 inhibitor. PD98059 inhibited Rg3-induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation, but SB203580 did not suppress ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Culture of macrophages with Rg3 increased actin polymerization, and this effect was inhibited by SB203580 and PD98059. The Rg3-induced increase in phagocytosis was also inhibited by NSC23766, a Rac1 inhibitor and CASIN, a Cdc42 inhibitor. Intraperitoneal injection of Rg3 increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 as well as the phagocytosis of bacteria by lung cells. These results demonstrate that ginsenoside Rg3 enhances macrophage phagocytosis of bacteria by activating the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Xin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Joungmin Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hui Quan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Mei Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Seongtae Jeong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanamdo, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Il Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Eun-A Jang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanamdo, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hun Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Dae-Hun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hong-Beom Bae
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanamdo, South Korea.
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14
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Chine VB, Au NPB, Ma CHE. Therapeutic benefits of maintaining mitochondrial integrity and calcium homeostasis by forced expression of Hsp27 in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 130:104492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Malacrida A, Meregalli C, Rodriguez-Menendez V, Nicolini G. Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy and Changes in Cytoskeleton. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2287. [PMID: 31075828 PMCID: PMC6540147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the different antineoplastic mechanisms of action, peripheral neurotoxicity induced by all chemotherapy drugs (anti-tubulin agents, platinum compounds, proteasome inhibitors, thalidomide) is associated with neuron morphological changes ascribable to cytoskeleton modifications. The "dying back" degeneration of distal terminals (sensory nerves) of dorsal root ganglia sensory neurons, observed in animal models, in in vitro cultures and biopsies of patients is the most evident hallmark of the perturbation of the cytoskeleton. On the other hand, in highly polarized cells like neurons, the cytoskeleton carries out its role not only in axons but also has a fundamental role in dendrite plasticity and in the organization of soma. In the literature, there are many studies focused on the antineoplastic-induced alteration of microtubule organization (and consequently, fast axonal transport defects) while very few studies have investigated the effect of the different classes of drugs on microfilaments, intermediate filaments and associated proteins. Therefore, in this review, we will focus on: (1) Highlighting the fundamental role of the crosstalk among the three filamentous subsystems and (2) investigating pivotal cytoskeleton-associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Malacrida
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Experimental Neurology Unit and Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy.
| | - Cristina Meregalli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Experimental Neurology Unit and Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy.
| | - Virginia Rodriguez-Menendez
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Experimental Neurology Unit and Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Nicolini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Experimental Neurology Unit and Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, MB, Italy.
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16
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Nucleus, Cytoskeleton, and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase p38 Dynamics during In Vitro Maturation of Porcine Oocytes. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9040163. [PMID: 31013909 PMCID: PMC6523277 DOI: 10.3390/ani9040163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) p38, a member of the MAPK subfamily, is conserved in all mammalian cells and plays important roles in response to various physiologic cues, including mitogens and heat shock. In the present study, MAPK p38 protein expression in porcine oocytes was analyzed during in vitro maturation (IVM) by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. The levels of p-p38 or activated p38 and p38 expression were at the lowest in the germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocyte, gradually rising at the germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and then reaching a plateau throughout the IVM culture (p < 0.05). Similarly, the expression level of total p38 was also lower in the GV oocyte than in the oocyte of other meiotic stages and uprising after GVBD and remained high until the metaphase III (MII) stage (p < 0.05). In the GV stage, phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) was initially detectable in the ooplasm and subsequently became clear around the nucleus and localized in the ooplasm at GVBD (18 h post-culture). During the metaphase I (MI) and metaphase II (MII) stages, p-p38 was evenly distributed throughout the ooplasm after IVM for 30 or 42 h. We found that the subcellular localization increased in p-p38 expression throughout oocyte maturation (p < 0.05) and that dynamic reorganization of the cytoskeleton, including microfilaments and microtubules, was progressively changed during the course of meiotic maturation which was likely to be associated with the activation or networking of p38 with other proteins in supporting oocyte development. In conclusion, the alteration of p38 activation is essential for the regulation of porcine oocyte maturation, accompanied by the progressive reorganization and redistribution of the cytoskeleton and MAPK p38, respectively, in the ooplasm.
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17
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Aquino-Martínez R, Monroe DG, Ventura F. Calcium mimics the chemotactic effect of conditioned media and is an effective inducer of bone regeneration. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210301. [PMID: 30608979 PMCID: PMC6319750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background After bone resorption, ions and degraded organic components are co-released into the extracellular space. Ions and growth factors, although different in their biological nature, induce a common and coordinated chemotactic effect. Conditioned media has been used successfully in bone regeneration by promoting endogenous cell recruitment. Likewise, calcium alone act as a paracrine chemotactic signal, inducing the host’s undifferentiated progenitor cell infiltration into the implanted biomaterials. The aim of the present study was to compare the chemotactic effect of calcium and conditioned media in primary calvarial cells. Methods The chemotactic cell response was evaluated in vitro using an agarose spot and a wound healing assay. In addition, we used a calvarial bone explant model ex-vivo. The healing potential was also tested through an in vivo model, a critical-size calvarial bone defect in mice. For the in vivo experiment, cell-free calcium-containing or conditioned media-containing scaffolds were implanted, and MSC’s seeded scaffolds were used as positive control. After seven weeks post-implantation, samples were retrieved, and bone regeneration was evaluated by μCT and histological analysis. Osteogenic gene expression was evaluated by qPCR. Results We found that chemotactic cell migration in response to either calcium or conditioned media was equivalent in vitro and ex vivo. Accordingly, μCT analysis showed that bone regeneration induced by the MSC’s seeded scaffolds was similar to that obtained with cell-free calcium or conditioned media-containing scaffolds. Pre-treatment with SB202190, a highly selective p38 inhibitor, abrogated the chemotactic effect induced by conditioned media. In contrast, p38 activity was not essential for the calcium-induced chemotaxis. Moreover, BAPTA-AM treatment, a cytosolic calcium chelator, decreased the chemotactic effect and the expression of key osteogenic genes induced by calcium or conditioned media. Conclusion We show that calcium ions alone not only mimic the conditioned media chemotactic effect, but also induce an osteogenic effect similar to that produced by transplanted MSC’s in vivo. Furthermore, the chemotactic effect induced by conditioned media is calcium and p38 dependent. The rise in cytosolic calcium might integrate the different signaling pathways triggered by conditioned media and extracellular Ca2+. This calcium-driven in situ bone regeneration is a promising and convenient alternative to promote endogenous cell recruitment into the injured bone site. This pre-clinical cell-free and growth factor-free approach might avoid the disadvantages of the ex vivo cell manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Aquino-Martínez
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - David G. Monroe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Francesc Ventura
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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18
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Miller DJ, Fort PE. Heat Shock Proteins Regulatory Role in Neurodevelopment. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:821. [PMID: 30483047 PMCID: PMC6244093 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are a large family of molecular chaperones that are well-known for their roles in protein maturation, re-folding and degradation. While some Hsps are constitutively expressed in certain regions, others are rapidly upregulated in the presence of stressful stimuli. Numerous stressors, including hyperthermia and hypoxia, can induce the expression of Hsps, which, in turn, interact with client proteins and co-chaperones to regulate cell growth and survival. Such interactions must be tightly regulated, especially at critical points during embryonic and postnatal development. Hsps exhibit specific patterns of expression consistent with a spatio-temporally regulated role in neurodevelopment. There is also growing evidence that Hsps may promote or inhibit neurodevelopment through specific pathways regulating cell differentiation, neurite outgrowth, cell migration, or angiogenesis. This review will examine the regulatory role that these individual chaperones may play in neurodevelopment, and will focus specifically on the signaling pathways involved in the maturation of neuronal and glial cells as well as the underlying vascular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Patrice E Fort
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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19
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Chine VB, Au NPB, Kumar G, Ma CHE. Targeting Axon Integrity to Prevent Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3244-3259. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1301-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Wiegmans AP, Miranda M, Wen SW, Al-Ejeh F, Möller A. RAD51 inhibition in triple negative breast cancer cells is challenged by compensatory survival signaling and requires rational combination therapy. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60087-60100. [PMID: 27507046 PMCID: PMC5312370 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular rationale to induce synthetic lethality, by targeting defective homologous recombination repair in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), has proven to have several shortcomings. Not meeting the expected minimal outcomes in clinical trials has highlighted common clinical resistance mechanisms including; increased expression of the target gene PARP1, increased expression or reversion mutation of BRCA1, or up-regulation of the compensatory homologous recombination protein RAD51. Indeed, RAD51 has been demonstrated to be an alternative synthetic lethal target in BRCA1-mutated cancers. To overcome selective pressure on DNA repair pathways, we examined new potential targets within TNBC that demonstrate synthetic lethality in association with RAD51 depletion. We confirmed complementary targets of PARP1/2 and DNA-PK as well as a new synthetic lethality combination with p38. p38 is considered a relevant target in breast cancer, as it has been implicated in resistance to chemotherapy, including tamoxifen. We show that the combination of targeting RAD51 and p38 inhibits cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, which was further enhanced by targeting of PARP1. Analysis of the molecular mechanisms revealed that depletion of RAD51 increased ERK1/2 and p38 signaling. Our results highlight a potential compensatory mechanism via p38 that limits DNA targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian P Wiegmans
- Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer, Herston Rd, Herston QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Mariska Miranda
- Personalized Medicine Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer, Herston Rd, Herston QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Shu Wen Wen
- Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer, Herston Rd, Herston QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Fares Al-Ejeh
- Personalized Medicine Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer, Herston Rd, Herston QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Andreas Möller
- Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer, Herston Rd, Herston QLD 4006, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Wang Y, Deng W, Zhang Y, Sun S, Zhao S, Chen Y, Zhao X, Liu L, Du J. MICAL2 promotes breast cancer cell migration by maintaining epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) stability and EGFR/P38 signalling activation. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28719045 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM MICAL2, a cytoskeleton dynamics regulator, is identified associated with survival and metastasis of several types of cancers recently. This study was designed to investigate the role of MICAL2 in breast cancer cell migration as well as its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The relationship between MICAL2 and EGF/EGFR signalling was analysed by gene overexpression and knock-down techniques. Cell migration was measured by wound-healing assays. Activation of EGF/EGFR signalling pathways were evaluated by immunofluorescence, qPCR, Western blotting and zymography techniques. Rac1 activity was assessed by pull-down assay. Correlation of MICAL2 and EGFR in breast cancer specimens was examined by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS Ectopic expression of MICAL2 in MCF-7 cells augmented EGFR protein level, accompanied by the promotion of cell migration. Silencing MICAL2 in MDA-MB-231 cells destabilized EGFR and inhibited cell migration. In mechanism, the maintaining effect of MICAL2 on EGFR protein content was due to a delay in EGFR degradation. Expression of MICAL2 was also shown positively correlated with the activation of P38/HSP27 and P38/MMP9 signallings, which are the main downstream signalling cascades of EGF/EGFR involved in cell migration. Further analysis indicated that Rac1 activation contributed to the maintaining effect of MICAL2 on EGFR stability. In addition, analysis of breast cancer specimens revealed a positive correlation between MICAL2 and EGFR levels and an association between MICAL2 expression and worse prognosis. CONCLUSION MICAL2 is a major regulator of breast cancer cell migration, maintaining EGFR stability and subsequent EGFR/P38 signalling activation through inhibiting EGFR degradation in a Rac1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - W Deng
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - S Sun
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - S Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - X Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - J Du
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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hsa-miR-9 controls the mobility behavior of glioblastoma cells via regulation of MAPK14 signaling elements. Oncotarget 2018; 7:23170-81. [PMID: 27036038 PMCID: PMC5029618 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary tumor of the brain. GBM is associated with one of the worst 5-year survival rates among all human cancers, despite much effort in different modes of treatment. Results Here, we demonstrate specific GBM cancer phenotypes that are governed by modifications to the MAPAKAP network. We then demonstrate a novel regulation mode by which a set of five key factors of the MAPKAP pathway are regulated by the same microRNA, hsa-miR-9. We demonstrate that hsa-miR-9 overexpression leads to MAPKAP signaling inhibition, partially by interfering with the MAPK14/MAPKAP3 complex. Further, hsa-miR-9 overexpression initiates re-arrangement of actin filaments, which leads us to hypothesize a mechanism for the observed phenotypic shift. Conclusion The work presented here exposes novel microRNA features and situates hsa-miR-9 as a therapeutic target, which governs metastasis and thus determines prognosis in GBM through MAPKAP signaling.
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Analysis of HspB1 (Hsp27) Oligomerization and Phosphorylation Patterns and Its Interaction with Specific Client Polypeptides. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1709:163-178. [PMID: 29177658 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7477-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human HspB1 (also denoted as Hsp27) belongs to the family of small (or stress) proteins (sHsps). The family, which contains ten members including αA,B-crystallin polypeptides, is characterized by a conserved C-terminal α-crystallin domain and molecular weights ranging from 20 to 40 kDa. Here, procedures are described for analyzing the dynamic oligomerization and phosphorylation patterns of HspB1 in cells exposed to different environments. Changes in the structural organization of HspB1 can reprogram its interaction with specific partner/client polypeptides. Methods are presented to analyze these interactions using tissue culture cells genetically modified to express different levels of this protein. In addition, the laboratory approaches presented here could be used to test the nine other human sHsp members as well as sHsps from other species.
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Rigg RA, McCarty OJT, Aslan JE. Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) in the Regulation of Platelet Function. REGULATION OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN RESPONSES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-74715-6_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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25
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Derler R, Gesslbauer B, Weber C, Strutzmann E, Miller I, Kungl A. Glycosaminoglycan-Mediated Downstream Signaling of CXCL8 Binding to Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122605. [PMID: 29207576 PMCID: PMC5751208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The recruitment of leukocytes, mediated by endothelium bound chemokine gradients, is a vital process in inflammation. The highly negatively charged, unbranched polysaccharide family of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), such as heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate mediate chemokine immobilization. Specifically the binding of CXCL8 (interleukin 8) to GAGs on endothelial cell surfaces is known to regulate neutrophil recruitment. Currently, it is not clear if binding of CXCL8 to GAGs leads to endothelial downstream signaling in addition to the typical CXCR1/CXCR2 (C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 and 2)-mediated signaling which activates neutrophils. Here we have investigated the changes in protein expression of human microvascular endothelial cells induced by CXCL8. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) stimulation was used to mimic an inflammatory state which allowed us to identify syndecan-4 (SDC4) as the potential proteoglycan co-receptor of CXCL8 by gene array, real-time PCR and flow cytometry experiments. Enzymatic GAG depolymerization via heparinase III and chondroitinase ABC was used to emulate the effect of glycocalyx remodeling on CXCL8-induced endothelial downstream signaling. Proteomic analyses showed changes in the expression pattern of a number of endothelial proteins such as Zyxin and Caldesmon involved in cytoskeletal organization, cell adhesion and cell mobility. These results demonstrate for the first time a potential role of GAG-mediated endothelial downstream signaling in addition to the well-known CXCL8-CXCR1/CXCR2 signaling pathways in neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupert Derler
- Antagonis Biotherapeutics GmbH, Strasserhofweg 77a, 8045 Graz, Austria.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Bernd Gesslbauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Corinna Weber
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Elisabeth Strutzmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Ingrid Miller
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Andreas Kungl
- Antagonis Biotherapeutics GmbH, Strasserhofweg 77a, 8045 Graz, Austria.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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Nie X, Chanley MA, Pengal R, Thomas DB, Agrawal S, Smoyer WE. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of downstream targets of p38 MAPK in experimental nephrotic syndrome. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 314:F602-F613. [PMID: 29187369 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00207.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nie X, Chanley MA, Pengal R, Thomas DB, Agrawal S, Smoyer WE. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of downstream targets of p38 MAPK in experimental nephrotic syndrome. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 314: F602-F613, 2018. First published November 29, 2017; doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00207.2017 .-The p38 MAPK pathway plays a crucial role in various glomerulopathies, with activation being associated with disease and inhibition being associated with disease amelioration. We hypothesized that the downstream targets of p38 MAPK, MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 and/or 3 (MK2 and/or MK3), play an important role in mediating injury in experimental nephrotic syndrome via their actions on their downstream substrates heat shock protein B1 (HSPB1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). To test this hypothesis, the effects of both pharmacological and genetic inhibition of MK2 and MK3 were examined in mouse adriamycin (ADR) and rat puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) nephropathy models. MK2-/-, MK3-/-, and MK2-/-MK3-/- mice were generated in the Sv129 background and subjected to ADR-induced nephropathy. MK2 and MK3 protein expression was completely abrogated in the respective knockout genotypes, and massive proteinuria and renal histopathological changes developed after ADR treatment. Furthermore, renal cortical HSPB1 was induced in all four genotypes by day 21, but HSPB1 was activated only in the wild-type and MK3-/- mice. Expression of the stress proteins HSPB8 and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) remained unaltered across all genotypes. Finally, while MK2 and/or MK3-knockout downregulated the proinflammatory enzyme COX-2, ADR significantly induced renal cortical COX-2 only in MK2-/- mice. Additionally, pharmacological MK2 inhibition with PF-318 during PAN-induced nephropathy did not result in significant proteinuria reduction in rats. Together, these data suggest that while the inhibition of MK2 and/or MK3 regulates the renal stress response, our currently available approaches are not yet able to safely and effectively reduce proteinuria in experimental nephrotic syndrome and that other p38MAPK downstream targets should also be considered to improve the future treatment of glomerular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Nie
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University , Fuzhou , China
| | - Melinda A Chanley
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ruma Pengal
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio
| | - David B Thomas
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami, Florida
| | - Shipra Agrawal
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio
| | - William E Smoyer
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio
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Shi P, Zhang L, Zhang M, Yang W, Wang K, Zhang J, Otsu K, Huang G, Fan X, Liu J. Platelet-Specific p38α Deficiency Improved Cardiac Function After Myocardial Infarction in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:e185-e196. [PMID: 28982666 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases), especially p38, play detrimental roles in cardiac diseases and cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction. However, the activation and function of MAPKs in coronary thrombosis in vivo and its relationship with clinical outcomes remain poorly understood. APPROACH AND RESULTS Here, we showed that p38α was the major isoform expressed in human and mouse platelets. Platelet-specific p38α-deficient mice presented impaired thrombosis and hemostasis but had improved cardiac function, reduced infarct size, decreased inflammatory response, and microthrombus in a left anterior descending artery ligation model. Signaling analysis revealed that p38 activation was one of the earliest events in platelets after treatment with receptor agonists or reactive oxygen species. p38α/MAPK-activated protein kinase 2/heat shock protein 27 and p38α/cytosolic phospholipases A2 were the major pathways regulating receptor-mediated or hydrogen peroxide-induced platelet activation in an ischemic environment. Moreover, the distinct roles of ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) in receptor- or reactive oxygen species-induced p38-mediated platelet activation reflected the complicated synergistic relationships among MAPKs. Analysis of clinical samples revealed that MAPKs were highly phosphorylated in platelets from preoperative patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, and increased phosphorylation of p38 was associated with no-reflow outcomes. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that p38α serves as a critical regulator of platelet activation and potential indicator of highly thrombotic lesions and no-reflow, and inhibition of platelet p38α may improve clinical outcomes in subjects with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panlai Shi
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (P.S., L.Z., K.W., X.F., J.L.), Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital (M.Z., W.Y., J.Z.), and Shanghai Institute of Immunology (G.H.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom (K.O.).
| | - Lin Zhang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (P.S., L.Z., K.W., X.F., J.L.), Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital (M.Z., W.Y., J.Z.), and Shanghai Institute of Immunology (G.H.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom (K.O.).
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (P.S., L.Z., K.W., X.F., J.L.), Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital (M.Z., W.Y., J.Z.), and Shanghai Institute of Immunology (G.H.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom (K.O.)
| | - Wenlong Yang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (P.S., L.Z., K.W., X.F., J.L.), Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital (M.Z., W.Y., J.Z.), and Shanghai Institute of Immunology (G.H.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom (K.O.)
| | - Kemin Wang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (P.S., L.Z., K.W., X.F., J.L.), Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital (M.Z., W.Y., J.Z.), and Shanghai Institute of Immunology (G.H.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom (K.O.)
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (P.S., L.Z., K.W., X.F., J.L.), Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital (M.Z., W.Y., J.Z.), and Shanghai Institute of Immunology (G.H.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom (K.O.)
| | - Kinya Otsu
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (P.S., L.Z., K.W., X.F., J.L.), Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital (M.Z., W.Y., J.Z.), and Shanghai Institute of Immunology (G.H.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom (K.O.)
| | - Gonghua Huang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (P.S., L.Z., K.W., X.F., J.L.), Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital (M.Z., W.Y., J.Z.), and Shanghai Institute of Immunology (G.H.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom (K.O.).
| | - Xuemei Fan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (P.S., L.Z., K.W., X.F., J.L.), Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital (M.Z., W.Y., J.Z.), and Shanghai Institute of Immunology (G.H.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom (K.O.).
| | - Junling Liu
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology (P.S., L.Z., K.W., X.F., J.L.), Department of Cardiology, Ninth People's Hospital (M.Z., W.Y., J.Z.), and Shanghai Institute of Immunology (G.H.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; and Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, United Kingdom (K.O.).
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Arrigo AP. Mammalian HspB1 (Hsp27) is a molecular sensor linked to the physiology and environment of the cell. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:517-529. [PMID: 28144778 PMCID: PMC5465029 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0765-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutively expressed small heat shock protein HspB1 regulates many fundamental cellular processes and plays major roles in many human pathological diseases. In that regard, this chaperone has a huge number of apparently unrelated functions that appear linked to its ability to recognize many client polypeptides that are subsequently modified in their activity and/or half-life. A major parameter to understand how HspB1 is dedicated to interact with particular clients in defined cellular conditions relates to its complex oligomerization and phosphorylation properties. Indeed, HspB1 structural organization displays dynamic and complex rearrangements in response to changes in the cellular environment or when the cell physiology is modified. These structural modifications probably reflect the formation of structural platforms aimed at recognizing specific client polypeptides. Here, I have reviewed data from the literature and re-analyzed my own studies to describe and discuss these fascinating changes in HspB1 structural organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- André-Patrick Arrigo
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory, Lyon Cancer Research Center, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, Lyon, 69008, France.
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29
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Vasculo-protective effect of BMS-309403 is independent of its specific inhibition of fatty acid-binding protein 4. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:1177-1188. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-1976-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Schroeder CC, Scariot JSVR, Ribeiro JCZGM, Deliberador TM, Giovanini AMMAF. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Produces an Atherofibrotic Histophenotype During Craniofacial Bone Repair Due to Changes of Immunohistochemical Expression of Erk1/2, p38α/β, Adiponectin and Elevated Presence of Cells Exhibiting B-scavenger Receptor (CD36+). Braz Dent J 2017; 27:243-54. [PMID: 27224555 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201602450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The platelet-extracellular matrix interaction in platelet rich plasma (PRP) through thrombospondin receptor-CD36 induces the secretion of growth factors responsible for cellular proliferation and differentiation during the repair process. Since CD36 also acts as a class B-scavenger-receptor for development of foam-like cells and mitogen-activated kinases, such as Erk1/2 and p38α/β, are important proteins activated by platelet growth factor, the aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical presence of CD36, Erk1/2, p38α/β during the bone repair treated and non-treated with PRP and to compare these results with the histomorphometry of repair. Simultaneously, the immunopresence of adiponectin was analyzed, which may contribute to osteogenesis at the same time it inhibits fibrosis and impairs adipogenesis and foam cell formation in the medullary area. An artificial bone defect measuring 5×1 mm was produced in the calvaria of 56 Wistar rats. The defects were randomly treated with autograft, autograft+PRP, PRP alone and sham. The animals were euthanized at 2 and 6 weeks post-surgery. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by non-parametric test Student Newman-Keuls (p<0.05) for histomorphometric and immunohistochemical interpretation. The results revealed that in specimens that received PRP the immunopositivity for Erk1/2, p38α/β and CD36 proteins increased significantly while the immunohistochemical expression of adiponectin decreased simultaneously. There was also an accentuated reduction of bone matrix deposition and increase of the medullary area represented by fibrosis and/or presence of foam-like cells, which exhibited immunophenotype CD36+adiponectin. The findings of this study suggest that PRP acted as an inhibitor of osteogenesis during the craniofacial bone repair and induced a pathological condition that mimics an atherofibrotic condition.
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31
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Lew WZ, Huang YC, Huang KY, Lin CT, Tsai MT, Huang HM. Static magnetic fields enhance dental pulp stem cell proliferation by activating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway as its putative mechanism. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:19-29. [PMID: 27688068 DOI: 10.1002/term.2333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can be a potential stem cell resource for clinical cell therapy and tissue engineering. However, obtaining a sufficient number of DPSCs for repairing defects is still an issue in clinical applications. Static magnetic fields (SMFs) enhance the proliferation of several cell types. Whether or not SMFs have a positive effect on DPSC proliferation is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of SMFs on DPSC proliferation and its possible intracellular mechanism of action. For methodology, isolated DPSCs were cultured with a 0.4-T SMF. Anisotropy of the lipid bilayer was examined using a fluorescence polarization-depolarization assay. The intracellular calcium ions of the SMF-treated cells were analysed using Fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester labelling. The cytoskeletons of exposed and unexposed control cells were labelled with actin fluorescence dyes. Cell viability was checked when the tested cells were cultured with inhibitors of ERK, JNK and p38 to discern the possible signalling cascade involved in the proliferative effect of the SMF on the DPSCs. Our results showed that SMF-treated cells demonstrated a higher proliferation rate and anisotropy value. The intracellular calcium ions were activated by SMFs. In addition, fluorescence microscopy images demonstrated that SMF-treated cells exhibit higher fluorescence intensity of the actin cytoskeletal structure. Cell viability and real-time polymerase chain reaction suggested that the p38 signalling cascade was activated when the DPSCs were exposed to a 0.4-T SMF. F-actin intensity tests showed that SB203580-treated cells decreased even with SMF exposure. Additionally, the F-/G-actin ratio increased due to slowing of the cytoskeleton reorganization by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibition. According to these results, we suggest that a 0.4-T SMF affected the cellular membranes of the DPSCs and activated intracellular calcium ions. This effect may activate p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling, and thus reorganize the cytoskeleton, which contributes to the increased cell proliferation of the DPSCs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhen Lew
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Huang
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Yu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Tong Lin
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tzu Tsai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Haw-Ming Huang
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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32
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Wang Q, Li H, Yao Y, Lu G, Wang Y, Xia D, Zhou J. HB-EGF-Promoted Airway Smooth Muscle Cells and Their Progenitor Migration Contribute to Airway Smooth Muscle Remodeling in Asthmatic Mouse. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:2361-7. [PMID: 26826248 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells' proliferation, migration, and their progenitor's migration are currently regarded as causative factors for ASM remodeling in asthma. Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), a potent mitogen and chemotactic factor, could promote ASM cell proliferation through MAPK pathways. In this study, we obtained primary ASM cells and their progenitors from C57BL/6 mice and went on to explore the role of HB-EGF in these cells migration and the underlying mechanisms. We found that recombinant HB-EGF (rHB-EGF) intratracheal instillation accelerated ASM layer thickening in an OVA-induced asthmatic mouse. Modified Boyden chamber assay revealed that rHB-EGF facilitate ASM cell migration in a dose-dependent manner and ASM cells from asthmatic mice had a greater migration ability than that from normal counterparts. rHB-EGF could stimulate the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 in ASM cells but further migration assay showed that only epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor (AG1478) or p38 inhibitor (SB203580), but not ERK1/2 inhibitor (PD98059), could inhibit rHB-EGF-mediated ASM cells migration. Actin cytoskeleton experiments exhibited that rHB-EGF could cause actin stress fibers disassembly and focal adhesions formation of ASM cells through the activation of p38. Finally, airway instillation of rHB-EGF promoted the recruitment of bone marrow-derived smooth muscle progenitor cells, which were transferred via caudal vein, migrating into the airway from the circulation. These observations demonstrated that ASM remodeling in asthma might have resulted from HB-EGF-mediated ASM cells and their progenitor cells migration, via p38 MAPK-dependent actin cytoskeleton remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hequan Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310003, People's Republic of China;
| | - Yinan Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Dajing Xia
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; and Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jianying Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310003, People's Republic of China;
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33
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Nalluri SM, O'Connor JW, Gomez EW. Cytoskeletal signaling in TGFβ-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2015; 72:557-69. [PMID: 26543012 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a physiological process that plays an important role in embryonic development and wound healing and is appropriated during pathological conditions including fibrosis and cancer metastasis. EMT can be initiated by a variety of factors, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and is characterized by loss of epithelial features including cell-cell contacts and apicobasal polarity and acquisition of a motile, mesenchymal phenotype. A key feature of EMT is reorganization of the cytoskeleton and recent studies have elucidated regulation mechanisms governing this process. This review describes changes in gene expression patterns of cytoskeletal associated proteins during TGFβ-induced EMT. It further reports TGFβ-induced intracellular signaling cascades that regulate cytoskeletal reorganization during EMT. Finally, it highlights how changes in cytoskeletal architecture during EMT can regulate gene expression, thus further promoting EMT progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep M Nalluri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802
| | - Joseph W O'Connor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802
| | - Esther W Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802
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Kameritsch P, Kiemer F, Beck H, Pohl U, Pogoda K. Cx43 increases serum induced filopodia formation via activation of p21-activated protein kinase 1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:2907-17. [PMID: 26255026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In a previous study we could show that connexin 43 (Cx43) expression increased the migration of cells in a channel-independent manner involving the MAPK p38. We analyzed here the mechanism by which Cx43 enhanced p38 activation and migration related changes of the actin cytoskeleton. HeLa cells were used as a model system for the controlled expression of Cx43 and truncated Cx43 proteins. The expression of Cx43 altered the actin cytoskeleton organization in response to serum stimulation. Cx43 expressing HeLa cells had significantly more filopodial protrusions per cell than empty-vector transfected control cells. The expression of the channel incompetent carboxyl tail of Cx43 was sufficient to enhance the filopodia formation whereas the N-terminal, channel-building part, had no such effect. The enhanced filopodia formation was p38 dependent since the p38 blocker SB203580 significantly diminished it. Immunoprecipitation revealed an interaction of the upstream regulator of p38, p21-activated protein kinase 1 (PAK1), with Cx43 resulting in an enhanced phosphorylation of PAK1. Moreover, p38 activation, filopodia formation and cell migration were significantly reduced by blocking the PAK1 activity with its pharmacological inhibitor, IPA-3. The p38 target Hsp27, which favors the actin polymerization in its phosphorylated form, was significantly more phosphorylated characterizing it as a potential candidate molecule to enhance the serum-induced actin polymerization in Cx43 expressing cells. Our results provide a novel mechanism by which Cx43 can modify actin cytoskeletal dynamics and may thereby enhance cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kameritsch
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München and Munich University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 27, 81377 München, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802 München, Germany.
| | - Felizitas Kiemer
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München and Munich University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 27, 81377 München, Germany.
| | - Heike Beck
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München and Munich University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 27, 81377 München, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Pohl
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München and Munich University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 27, 81377 München, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802 München, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 München, Germany.
| | - Kristin Pogoda
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München and Munich University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 27, 81377 München, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802 München, Germany.
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Tormos AM, Taléns-Visconti R, Sastre J. Regulation of cytokinesis and its clinical significance. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2015; 52:159-67. [DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2015.1012191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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36
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Quan H, Kim JM, Lee HJ, Lee SH, Choi JI, Bae HB. AICAR Enhances the Phagocytic Ability of Macrophages towards Apoptotic Cells through P38 Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase Activation Independent of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127885. [PMID: 26020972 PMCID: PMC4447456 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) increases macrophage phagocytosis through adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). However, little information is available on the effects of AICAR on the clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages, known as efferocytosis, which is essential in maintaining tissue homeostasis and resolving inflammation. AICAR increased p38 MAPK activation and the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages, which were inhibited by the p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, the TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) inhibitor, (5Z)-7-oxozeaenol, and siRNA-mediated knock-down of p38α. AICAR increased phosphorylation of Akt, but the inhibition of PI3K/Akt activity using LY294002 did not affect the AICAR-induced changes in efferocytosis in macrophages. CGS15943, a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist, did not affect AICAR-induced changes in efferocytosis, but dipyridamole, an adenosine transporter inhibitor, diminished the AICAR-mediated increases in efferocytosis. AICAR-induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation was not inhibited by the AMPK inhibitor, compound C, or siRNA-mediated knock-down of AMPKα1. Inhibition of AMPK using compound C or 5’-iodotubercidin did not completely block AICAR-mediated increases in efferocytosis. Furthermore, AICAR also increased the removal of apoptotic neutrophils or thymocytes in mouse lungs. These results reveal a novel mechanism by which AICAR increases macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and suggest that AICAR may be used to treat efferocytosis-related inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Quan
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung-Min Kim
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Lee
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Heon Lee
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Il Choi
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Beom Bae
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Suárez-Causado A, Caballero-Díaz D, Bertrán E, Roncero C, Addante A, García-Álvaro M, Fernández M, Herrera B, Porras A, Fabregat I, Sánchez A. HGF/c-Met signaling promotes liver progenitor cell migration and invasion by an epithelial-mesenchymal transition-independent, phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase-dependent pathway in an in vitro model. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:2453-63. [PMID: 26001768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oval cells constitute an interesting hepatic cell population. They contribute to sustain liver regeneration during chronic liver damage, but in doing this they can be target of malignant conversion and become tumor-initiating cells and drive hepatocarcinogenesis. The molecular mechanisms beneath either their pro-regenerative or pro-tumorigenic potential are still poorly understood. In this study, we have investigated the role of the HGF/c-Met pathway in regulation of oval cell migratory and invasive properties. Our results show that HGF induces c-Met-dependent oval cell migration both in normal culture conditions and after in vitro wounding. HGF-triggered migration involves F-actin cytoskeleton reorganization, which is also evidenced by activation of Rac1. Furthermore, HGF causes ZO-1 translocation from cell-cell contact sites to cytoplasm and its concomitant activation by phosphorylation. However, no loss of expression of cell-cell adhesion proteins, including E-cadherin, ZO-1 and Occludin-1, is observed. Additionally, migration does not lead to cell dispersal but to a characteristic organized pattern in rows, in turn associated with Golgi compaction, providing strong evidence of a morphogenic collective migration. Besides migration, HGF increases oval cell invasion through extracellular matrix, a process that requires PI3K activation and is at least partly mediated by expression and activation of metalloproteases. Altogether, our findings provide novel insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating the essential role of HGF/c-Met signaling during oval cell-mediated mouse liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Suárez-Causado
- Dep. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - D Caballero-Díaz
- Dep. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - E Bertrán
- Laboratori d'Oncologia Molecular, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - C Roncero
- Dep. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - A Addante
- Dep. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - M García-Álvaro
- Dep. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Fernández
- Dep. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - B Herrera
- Dep. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - A Porras
- Dep. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - I Fabregat
- Laboratori d'Oncologia Molecular, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Sánchez
- Dep. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
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Rho1-Wnd signaling regulates loss-of-cell polarity-induced cell invasion in Drosophila. Oncogene 2015; 35:846-55. [PMID: 25961917 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Both cell polarity and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity are essential to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, and disruption of either is commonly seen in cancer progression. Despite the established connection between loss-of-cell polarity and JNK activation, much less is known about the molecular mechanism by which aberrant cell polarity induces JNK-mediated cell migration and tumor invasion. Here we show results from a genetic screen using an in vivo invasion model via knocking down cell polarity gene in Drosophila wing discs, and identify Rho1-Wnd signaling as an important molecular link that mediates loss-of-cell polarity-triggered JNK activation and cell invasion. We show that Wallenda (Wnd), a protein kinase of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase family, by forming a complex with the GTPase Rho1, is both necessary and sufficient for Rho1-induced JNK-dependent cell invasion, MMP1 activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, Wnd promotes cell proliferation and tissue growth through wingless production when apoptosis is inhibited by p35. Finally, Wnd shows oncogenic cooperation with Ras(V12) to trigger tumor growth in eye discs and causes invasion into the ventral nerve cord. Together, our data not only provides a novel mechanistic insight on how cell polarity loss contributes to cell invasion, but also highlights the value of the Drosophila model system to explore human cancer biology.
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Smooth muscle specific overexpression of p22phox potentiates carotid artery wall thickening in response to injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:305686. [PMID: 25945151 PMCID: PMC4402189 DOI: 10.1155/2015/305686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that transgenic mice overexpressing the p22phox subunit of the NADPH oxidase selectively in smooth muscle (Tgp22smc) would exhibit an exacerbated response to transluminal carotid injury compared to wild-type mice. To examine the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a mediator of vascular injury, the injury response was quantified by measuring wall thickness (WT) and cross-sectional wall area (CSWA) of the injured and noninjured arteries in both Tgp22smc and wild-type animals at days 3, 7, and 14 after injury. Akt, p38 MAPK, and Src activation were evaluated at the same time points using Western blotting. WT and CSWA following injury were significantly greater in Tgp22smc mice at both 7 and 14 days after injury while noninjured contralateral carotids were similar between groups. Apocynin treatment attenuated the injury response in both groups and rendered the response similar between Tgp22smc mice and wild-type mice. Following injury, carotid arteries from Tgp22smc mice demonstrated elevated activation of Akt at day 3, while p38 MAPK and Src activation was elevated at day 7 compared to wild-type mice. Both increased activation and temporal regulation of these signaling pathways may contribute to enhanced vascular growth in response to injury in this transgenic model of elevated vascular ROS.
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Guilbert SM, Varlet AA, Fuchs M, Lambert H, Landry J, Lavoie JN. Regulation of Actin-Based Structure Dynamics by HspB Proteins and Partners. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16077-1_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kim MY, Lee JU, Kim JH, Lee LK, Park BS, Yang SM, Jeon HJ, Lee WD, Noh JW, Kwak TY, Jang SH, Lee TH, Kim JY, Kim B, Kim J. Phosphorylation of Heat Shock Protein 27 is Increased by Cast Immobilization and by Serum-free Starvation in Skeletal Muscles. J Phys Ther Sci 2014; 26:1975-7. [PMID: 25540511 PMCID: PMC4273071 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Cast immobilization- and cell starvation-induced loss of muscle mass are closely associated with a dramatic reduction in the structural muscle proteins. Heat shock proteins are molecular chaperones that are constitutively expressed in several eukaryotic cells and have been shown to protect against various stressors. However, the changes in the phosphorylation of atrophy-related heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) are still poorly understood in skeletal muscles. In this study, we examine whether or not phosphorylation of HSP27 is changed in the skeletal muscles after cast immobilization and serum-free starvation with low glucose in a time-dependent manner. [Methods] We undertook a HSP27 expression and high-resolution differential proteomic analysis in skeletal muscles. Furthermore, we used western blotting to examine protein expression and phosphorylation of HSP27 in atrophied gastrocnemius muscle strips and L6 myoblasts. [Results] Cast immobilization and starvation significantly upregulated the phosphorylation of HSP27 in a time-dependent manner, respectively. [Conclusion] Our results suggest that cast immobilization- and serum-free starvation-induced atrophy may be in part related to changes in the phosphorylation of HSP27 in rat skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Uk Lee
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun Kim
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Lim-Kyu Lee
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Sun Park
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Min Yang
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Joo Jeon
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Deok Lee
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Noh
- Laboratory of Health Science and Nanophysiotherapy, Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Yong Kwak
- Department of Taekwondo Instructor Education, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Jang
- Department of Judo, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Combative Martial Arts Training, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Kim
- Department of Combative Martial Arts Training, College of Martial Arts, Yongin University, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Institute of Functional Genomics, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health and Welfare, Yongin University: Yongin 449-714, Republic of Korea
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Kim YC, Gonzalez-Nieves R, Cutler ML. Rsu1 contributes to cell adhesion and spreading in MCF10A cells via effects on P38 map kinase signaling. Cell Adh Migr 2014; 9:227-32. [PMID: 25482629 PMCID: PMC4594256 DOI: 10.4161/19336918.2014.972775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ILK, PINCH, Parvin (IPP) complex regulates adhesion and migration via binding of ILK to β1 integrin and α−parvin thus linking focal adhesions to actin cytoskeleton. ILK also binds the adaptor protein PINCH which connects signaling proteins including Rsu1 to the complex. A recent study of Rsu1 and PINCH1 in non-transformed MCF10A human mammary epithelial cells revealed that the siRNA-mediated depletion of either Rsu1 or PINCH1 decreased the number of focal adhesions (FAs) and altered the distribution and localization of FA proteins. This correlated with reduced adhesion, failure to spread or migrate in response to EGF and a loss of actin stress fibers and caveolae. The depletion of Rsu1 caused significant reduction in PINCH1 implying that Rsu1 may function in part by regulating levels of PINCH1. However, Rsu1, but not PINCH1, was required for EGF-induced activation of p38 Map kinase and ATF2 phosphorylation, suggesting a Rsu1 function independent from the IPP complex. Reconstitution of Rsu1-depleted cells with a Rsu1 mutant (N92D) that does not bind to PINCH1 failed to restore FAs or migration but did promote IPP-independent spreading and constitutive as well as EGF-induced p38 activation. In this commentary we discuss p38 activity in adhesion and how Rsu1 expression may be linked to Map kinase kinase (MKK) activation and detachment-induced stress kinase signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chul Kim
- a Department of Pathology; F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine ; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences ; Bethesda , MD USA
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Death-associated protein kinase 3 mediates vascular structural remodelling via stimulating smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Clin Sci (Lond) 2014; 127:539-48. [PMID: 24814693 DOI: 10.1042/cs20130591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Death-associated protein kinase 3 (DAPK3) also known as zipper-interacting kinase is a serine/threonine kinase that mainly regulates cell death and smooth muscle contraction. We have previously found that protein expression of DAPK3 increases in the mesenteric artery from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and that DAPK3 mediates the development of hypertension in SHRs partly through promoting reactive oxygen species-dependent vascular inflammation. However, it remains to be clarified how DAPK3 controls smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and migration, which are also important processes for hypertension development. We, therefore, sought to investigate whether DAPK3 affects SMC proliferation and migration. siRNA against DAPK3 significantly inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced SMC proliferation and migration as determined by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and a cell counting assay as well as a Boyden chamber assay respectively. DAPK3 siRNA or a pharmacological inhibitor of DAPK3 inhibited PDGF-BB-induced lamellipodia formation as determined by rhodamine-phalloidin staining. DAPK3 siRNA or the DAPK inhibitor significantly reduced PDGF-BB-induced activation of p38 and heat-shock protein 27 (HSP27) as determined by Western blotting. In ex vivo studies, PDGF-BB-induced SMC out-growth was significantly inhibited by the DAPK inhibitor. In vivo, the DAPK inhibitor significantly prevented carotid neointimal hyperplasia in a mouse ligation model. The present results, for the first time, revealed that DAPK3 mediates PDGF-BB-induced SMC proliferation and migration through activation of p38/HSP27 signals, which may lead to vascular structural remodelling including neointimal hyperplasia. The present study suggests DAPK3 as a novel pharmaceutical target for the prevention of hypertensive cardiovascular diseases.
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Matoba K, Kawanami D, Tsukamoto M, Kinoshita J, Ito T, Ishizawa S, Kanazawa Y, Yokota T, Murai N, Matsufuji S, Utsunomiya K. Rho-kinase regulation of TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB RelA/p65 and M-CSF expression via p38 MAPK in mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 307:F571-80. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00113.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase Rho and its downstream effector, Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (Rho-kinase), regulate a number of cellular processes, including organization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and migration. While pharmacological inhibitors of Rho-kinase signaling are known to block renal inflammation, the molecular basis for this effect is unclear. Here, we provide evidence that proinflammatory TNF-α promotes mesangial expression of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), a key regulator for the growth and differentiation of mononuclear phagocytes, in a Rho-kinase-dependent manner. Consistent with this observation, TNF-α-mediated renal expression of M-CSF in insulin-resistant db/db mice was downregulated by Rho-kinase inhibition. Small interfering RNA-facilitated knockdown of Rho-kinase isoforms ROCK1 and ROCK2 indicated that both isoforms make comparable contributions to regulation of M-CSF expression in mesangial cells. From a mechanistic standpoint, Western blotting and EMSA showed that Rho-kinase and its downstream target p38 MAPK regulate nuclear translocation of NF-κB RelA/p65 and subsequent DNA binding activity, with no significant effects on IκBα degradation and RelA/p65 phosphorylation. Moreover, we showed that Rho-kinase-mediated cytoskeletal organization is required for the nuclear uptake of RelA/p65. Collectively, these findings identify Rho-kinase as a critical regulator of chemokine expression and macrophage proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Matoba
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Daiji Kawanami
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Masami Tsukamoto
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Jun Kinoshita
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Tomoko Ito
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Sho Ishizawa
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Yasushi Kanazawa
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Tamotsu Yokota
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Noriyuki Murai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Senya Matsufuji
- Department of Molecular Biology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Utsunomiya
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
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Persson AK, Estacion M, Ahn H, Liu S, Stamboulian-Platel S, Waxman SG, Black JA. Contribution of sodium channels to lamellipodial protrusion and Rac1 and ERK1/2 activation in ATP-stimulated microglia. Glia 2014; 62:2080-95. [PMID: 25043721 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are motile resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that continuously explore their territories for threats to tissue homeostasis. Following CNS insult (e.g., cellular injury, infection, or ischemia), microglia respond to signals such as ATP, transform into an activated state, and migrate towards the threat. Directed migration is a complex and highly-coordinated process involving multiple intersecting cellular pathways, including signal transduction, membrane adhesion and retraction, cellular polarization, and rearrangement of cytoskeletal elements. We previously demonstrated that the activity of sodium channels contributes to ATP-induced migration of microglia. Here we show that TTX-sensitive sodium channels, specifically NaV 1.6, participate in an initial event in the migratory process, i.e., the formation in ATP-stimulated microglia of polymerized actin-rich membrane protrusions, lamellipodia, containing accumulations of Rac1 and phosphorylated ERK1/2. We also examined Ca(2+) transients in microglia and found that blockade of sodium channels with TTX produced a downward shift in the level of [Ca(2+) ]i during the delayed, slower recovery of [Ca(2+) ]i following ATP stimulation. These observations demonstrate a modulatory role of sodium channels on Ca(2+) transients in microglia that are likely to affect down-stream signaling cascades. Consistent with these observations, we demonstrate that ATP-induced microglial migration is mediated via Rac1 and ERK1/2, but not p38α/β and JNK, dependent pathways, and that activation of both Rac1 and ERK1/2 is modulated by sodium channel activity. Our results provide evidence for a direct link between sodium channel activity and modulation of Rac1 and ERK1/2 activation in ATP-stimulated microglia, possibly by regulating Ca(2+) transients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Karin Persson
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Rehabilitation Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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Dubińska-Magiera M, Jabłońska J, Saczko J, Kulbacka J, Jagla T, Daczewska M. Contribution of small heat shock proteins to muscle development and function. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:517-30. [PMID: 24440355 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Investigations undertaken over the past years have led scientists to introduce the concept of protein quality control (PQC) systems, which are responsible for polypeptide processing. The PQC system monitors proteostasis and involves activity of different chaperones such as small heat shock proteins (sHSPs). These proteins act during normal conditions as housekeeping proteins regulating cellular processes, and during stress conditions. They also mediate the removal of toxic misfolded polypeptides and thereby prevent development of pathogenic states. It is postulated that sHSPs are involved in muscle development. They could act via modulation of myogenesis or by maintenance of the structural integrity of signaling complexes. Moreover, mutations in genes coding for sHSPs lead to pathological states affecting muscular tissue functioning. This review focuses on the question how sHSPs, still relatively poorly understood proteins, contribute to the development and function of three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac and smooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Dubińska-Magiera
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Jabłońska
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University, Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Teresa Jagla
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U384, Faculté de Medecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Małgorzata Daczewska
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Usui T, Morita T, Okada M, Yamawaki H. Histone deacetylase 4 controls neointimal hyperplasia via stimulating proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Hypertension 2013; 63:397-403. [PMID: 24166750 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.113.01843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are transcriptional coregulators. Recently, we demonstrated that HDAC4, one of class IIa family members, promotes reactive oxygen species-dependent vascular smooth muscle inflammation and mediates development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Pathogenesis of hypertension is, in part, modulated by vascular structural remodeling via proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Thus, we examined whether HDAC4 controls SMC proliferation and migration. In rat mesenteric arterial SMCs, small interfering RNA against HDAC4 inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced SMC proliferation as determined by a cell counting and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay as well as migration as determined by Boyden chamber assay. Expression and activity of HDAC4 were increased by PDGF-BB. HDAC4 small interfering RNA inhibited phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and heat shock protein 27 and expression of cyclin D1 as measured by Western blotting. HDAC4 small interfering RNA also inhibited PDGF-BB-induced reactive oxygen species production as measured fluorometrically using 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity as measured by lucigenin assay. A Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor, KN93, inhibited PDGF-BB-induced SMC proliferation and migration as well as phosphorylation of HDAC4. In vivo, a class IIa HDACs inhibitor, MC1568 prevented neointimal hyperplasia in mice carotid ligation model. MC1568 also prevented increased activation of HDAC4 in the neointimal lesions. The present results for the first time demonstrate that HDAC4 controls PDGF-BB-induced SMC proliferation and migration through activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/heat shock protein 27 signals via reactive oxygen species generation in a Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-dependent manner, which may lead to the neointimal hyperplasia in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Usui
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Higashi 23 bancho 35-1, Towada City, Aomori 034-8628, Japan.
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Clarke JP, Mearow KM. Cell stress promotes the association of phosphorylated HspB1 with F-actin. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68978. [PMID: 23874834 PMCID: PMC3707891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the small heat shock protein, HspB1, has a direct influence on the dynamics of cytoskeletal elements, in particular, filamentous actin (F-actin) polymerization. In this study we have assessed the influence of HspB1 phosphorylation on its interaction(s) with F-actin. We first determined the distribution of endogenous non-phosphorylated HspB1, phosphorylated HspB1 and F-actin in neuroendocrine PC12 cells by immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy. We then investigated a potential direct interaction between HspB1 with F-actin by precipitating F-actin directly with biotinylated phalloidin followed by Western analyses; the reverse immunoprecipitation of HspB1 was also carried out. The phosphorylation influence of HspB1 in this interaction was investigated by using pharmacologic inhibition of p38 MAPK. In control cells, HspB1 interacts with F-actin as a predominantly non-phosphorylated protein, but subsequent to stress there is a redistribution of HspB1 to the cytoskeletal fraction and a significantly increased association of pHspB1 with F-actin. Our data demonstrate HspB1 is found in a complex with F-actin both in phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated forms, with an increased association of pHspB1 with F-actin after heat stress. Overall, our study combines both cellular and biochemical approaches to show cellular localization and direct demonstration of an interaction between endogenous HspB1 and F-actin using methodolgy that specifically isolates F-actin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Clarke
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Neurosciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
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Gonzalez-Nieves R, Desantis AI, Cutler ML. Rsu1 contributes to regulation of cell adhesion and spreading by PINCH1-dependent and - independent mechanisms. J Cell Commun Signal 2013; 7:279-93. [PMID: 23765260 PMCID: PMC3889256 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-013-0207-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion and migration are complex processes that require integrin activation, the formation and dissolution of focal adhesion (FAs), and linkage of actin cytoskeleton to the FAs. The IPP (ILK, PINCH, Parvin) complex regulates FA formation via binding of the adaptor protein ILK to β1 integrin, PINCH and parvin. The signaling protein Rsu1 is linked to the complex via binding PINCH1. The role of Rsu1 and PINCH1 in adhesion and migration was examined in non-transformed mammary epithelial cells. Confocal microscopy revealed that the depletion of either Rsu1 or PINCH1 by siRNA in MCF10A cells decreased the number of focal adhesions and altered the distribution and localization of β1 integrin, vinculin, talin and paxillin without affecting the levels of FA protein expression. This correlated with reduced adhesion, failure to spread or migrate in response to EGF and a loss of actin stress fibers and caveolae. In addition, constitutive phosphorylation of actin regulatory proteins occurred in the absence of PINCH1. The depletion of Rsu1 caused significant reduction in PINCH1 implying that Rsu1 may function by regulating levels of PINCH1. However, while both Rsu1- or PINCH1-depleted cells retained the ability to activate adhesion signaling in response to EGF stimulation, only Rsu1 was required for EGF-induced p38 Map Kinase phosphorylation and ATF2 activation, suggesting an Rsu1 function independent from the IPP complex. Reconstitution of Rsu1-depleted cells with an Rsu1 mutant that does not bind to PINCH1 failed to restore FAs or migration but did promote spreading and constitutive p38 activation. These data show that Rsu1-PINCH1 association with ILK and the IPP complex is required for regulation of adhesion and migration but that Rsu1 has a critical role in linking integrin-induced adhesion to activation of p38 Map kinase signaling and cell spreading. Moreover, it suggests that Rsu1 may regulate p38 signaling from the IPP complex affecting other functions including survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyda Gonzalez-Nieves
- Department of Pathology, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
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Expression of Hsp27 correlated with rat detrusor contraction after acute urinary retention. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 381:257-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1709-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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