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Sugimoto K, Nishikawa T, Sugiyama T. CD41 + extracellular vesicles produced by avian thrombocytes contain microRNAs. Genes Cells 2023; 28:915-928. [PMID: 37927115 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Avians have thrombocytes in their blood circulation rather than mammalian platelets. However, many details of thrombocyte characteristics have not been determined. Here, chicken thrombocytes were isolated, and extracellular vesicle (EV) production was investigated. The thrombocyte-specific markers cd41 and cd61 were expressed in the yolk sac at 24 h. According to the embryonic developmental stage, the cd41-expressing tissues changed from the yolk sac to the bone marrow and spleen. Accordingly, the bone marrow and spleen were the main tissues producing thrombocytes in adult chickens. Avian thrombocytes were separated from adult spleen cells through a combination of discontinuous density gradient centrifugation, phagocytic cell removal, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Isolated thrombocytes produced CD41+ EVs (CD41+ EVs), and the CD41+ EVs also expressed CD9. Microarray analysis revealed that CD41+ EVs contain many microRNAs. Macrophage lines (RAW264.7) phagocytosed CD41+ EVs, and their phagocytosis and migration activity were suppressed. Microarray analysis also revealed that EVs altered gene expression in macrophages. These data indicated that the CD41+ EV was a carrier of microRNAs produced from thrombocytes and affected the cell characteristics of the received cells. Therefore, the CD41+ EVs of avians worked as a communication tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenkichi Sugimoto
- Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Cell Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takamasa Nishikawa
- Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Cell Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshie Sugiyama
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agrobiology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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2
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Hernandez-Perez I, Rubio J, Baumann A, Girao H, Ferrando M, Rebollo E, Aragay AM, Geli MI. Kazrin promotes dynein/dynactin-dependent traffic from early to recycling endosomes. eLife 2023; 12:e83793. [PMID: 37096882 PMCID: PMC10181827 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Kazrin is a protein widely expressed in vertebrates whose depletion causes a myriad of developmental defects, in part derived from altered cell adhesion and migration, as well as failure to undergo epidermal to mesenchymal transition. However, the primary molecular role of kazrin, which might contribute to all these functions, has not been elucidated yet. We previously identified one of its isoforms, kazrin C, as a protein that potently inhibits clathrin-mediated endocytosis when overexpressed. We now generated kazrin knock-out mouse embryonic fibroblasts to investigate its endocytic function. We found that kazrin depletion delays juxtanuclear enrichment of internalized material, indicating a role in endocytic traffic from early to recycling endosomes. Consistently, we found that the C-terminal domain of kazrin C, predicted to be an intrinsically disordered region, directly interacts with several early endosome (EE) components, and that kazrin depletion impairs retrograde motility of these organelles. Further, we noticed that the N-terminus of kazrin C shares homology with dynein/dynactin adaptors and that it directly interacts with the dynactin complex and the dynein light intermediate chain 1. Altogether, the data indicate that one of the primary kazrin functions is to facilitate endocytic recycling by promoting dynein/dynactin-dependent transport of EEs or EE-derived transport intermediates to the recycling endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Hernandez-Perez
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - Javier Rubio
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - Adrian Baumann
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - Henrique Girao
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - Miriam Ferrando
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - Elena Rebollo
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - Anna M Aragay
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
| | - María Isabel Geli
- Institute for Molecular Biology of Barcelona (IBMB, CSIC), Baldiri Reixac 15BarcelonaSpain
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3
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Cirillo S, Tomeh MA, Wilkinson RN, Hill C, Brown S, Zhao X. Designed Antitumor Peptide for Targeted siRNA Delivery into Cancer Spheroids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49713-49728. [PMID: 34657415 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial/anticancer peptides (AMPs/ACPs) have shown promising results as new therapeutic agents in cancer thearpy. Among them, the designed amphiphilic α-helical peptide G(IIKK)3I-NH2 (G3) displayed great affinity and specificity in targeting cancer cells. Here, we report new insights on how G3 penetrates cancer cells. G3 showed high specificity to HCT-116 colon cancer cells compared to the HDFs (human neonatal primary dermal fibroblasts) control. With high concentrations of peptide, a clear cancer cell membrane disruption was observed through SEM. Gene knockdown of the endocytic pathways demonstrated that an energy-dependent endocytic pathway is required for the uptake of the peptide. In addition, G3 can protect and selectively deliver siRNAs into cancer cells and successfully modulated their gene expression. Gene delivery was also tested in 3D cancer spheroids and showed deep penetration delivery into the cancer spheroids. Finally, the in vivo toxicity of G3 was evaluated on zebrafish embryos, showing an increasing toxicity effect with concentration. However, the toxicity of the peptide was attenuated when complexed with siRNA. In addition, negligible toxicity was observed at the concentration range for efficient gene delivery. The current results demonstrate that G3 is promising as an excellent agent for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cirillo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Mhd Anas Tomeh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Robert N Wilkinson
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Hill
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Brown
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Xiubo Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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4
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Lukácsi S, Farkas Z, Saskői É, Bajtay Z, Takács-Vellai K. Conserved and Distinct Elements of Phagocytosis in Human and C. elegans. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168934. [PMID: 34445642 PMCID: PMC8396242 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocytosis provides the cellular nutrition and homeostasis of organisms, but pathogens often take advantage of this entry point to infect host cells. This is counteracted by phagocytosis that plays a key role in the protection against invading microbes both during the initial engulfment of pathogens and in the clearance of infected cells. Phagocytic cells balance two vital functions: preventing the accumulation of cell corpses to avoid pathological inflammation and autoimmunity, whilst maintaining host defence. In this review, we compare elements of phagocytosis in mammals and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Initial recognition of infection requires different mechanisms. In mammals, pattern recognition receptors bind pathogens directly, whereas activation of the innate immune response in the nematode rather relies on the detection of cellular damage. In contrast, molecules involved in efferocytosis—the engulfment and elimination of dying cells and cell debris—are highly conserved between the two species. Therefore, C. elegans is a powerful model to research mechanisms of the phagocytic machinery. Finally, we show that both mammalian and worm studies help to understand how the two phagocytic functions are interconnected: emerging data suggest the activation of innate immunity as a consequence of defective apoptotic cell clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Lukácsi
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter s. 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (S.L.); (Z.B.)
| | - Zsolt Farkas
- Department of Biological Anthropology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter s. 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.F.); (É.S.)
| | - Éva Saskői
- Department of Biological Anthropology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter s. 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.F.); (É.S.)
| | - Zsuzsa Bajtay
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter s. 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (S.L.); (Z.B.)
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter s. 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Takács-Vellai
- Department of Biological Anthropology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter s. 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.F.); (É.S.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Tubbesing K, Ward J, Abini-Agbomson R, Malhotra A, Rudkouskaya A, Warren J, Lamar J, Martino N, Adam AP, Barroso M. Complex Rab4-Mediated Regulation of Endosomal Size and EGFR Activation. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:757-773. [PMID: 32019812 PMCID: PMC7526990 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Early sorting endosomes are responsible for the trafficking and function of transferrin receptor (TfR) and EGFR. These receptors play important roles in iron uptake and signaling and are critical for breast cancer development. However, the role of morphology, receptor composition, and signaling of early endosomes in breast cancer remains poorly understood. A novel population of enlarged early endosomes was identified in breast cancer cells and tumor xenografts but not in noncancerous MCF10A cells. Quantitative analysis of endosomal morphology, cargo sorting, EGFR activation, and Rab GTPase regulation was performed using super-resolution and confocal microscopy followed by 3D rendering. MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells have fewer, but larger EEA1-positive early endosomes compared with MCF10A cells. Live-cell imaging indicated dysregulated cargo sorting, because EGF and Tf traffic together via enlarged endosomes in MDA-MB-231, but not in MCF10A. Large EEA1-positive MDA-MB-231 endosomes exhibited prolonged and increased EGF-induced activation of EGFR upon phosphorylation at tyrosine-1068 (EGFR-p1068). Rab4A overexpression in MCF10A cells produced EEA1-positive enlarged endosomes that displayed prolonged and amplified EGF-induced EGFR-p1068 activation. Knockdown of Rab4A lead to increased endosomal size in MCF10A, but not in MDA-MB-231 cells. Nevertheless, Rab4A knockdown resulted in enhanced EGF-induced activation of EGFR-p1068 in MDA-MB-231 as well as downstream signaling in MCF10A cells. Altogether, this extensive characterization of early endosomes in breast cancer cells has identified a Rab4-modulated enlarged early endosomal compartment as the site of prolonged and increased EGFR activation. IMPLICATIONS: Enlarged early endosomes play a Rab4-modulated role in regulation of EGFR activation in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Tubbesing
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Jamie Ward
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Raymond Abini-Agbomson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Aditi Malhotra
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Alena Rudkouskaya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Janine Warren
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - John Lamar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Nina Martino
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Alejandro P Adam
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
- Department of Ophthalmology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York
| | - Margarida Barroso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York.
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6
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Gilleron J, Bouget G, Ivanov S, Meziat C, Ceppo F, Vergoni B, Djedaini M, Soprani A, Dumas K, Jacquel A, Yvan-Charvet L, Venteclef N, Tanti JF, Cormont M. Rab4b Deficiency in T Cells Promotes Adipose Treg/Th17 Imbalance, Adipose Tissue Dysfunction, and Insulin Resistance. Cell Rep 2019; 25:3329-3341.e5. [PMID: 30566860 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.11.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity modifies T cell populations in adipose tissue, thereby contributing to adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. Here, we show that Rab4b, a small GTPase governing endocytic trafficking, is pivotal in T cells for the development of these pathological events. Rab4b expression is decreased in adipose T cells from mice and patients with obesity. The specific depletion of Rab4b in T cells causes adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin resistance in chow-fed mice and worsens insulin resistance in obese mice. This phenotype is driven by an increase in adipose Th17 and a decrease in adipose Treg due to a cell-autonomous skew of differentiation toward Th17. The Th17/Treg imbalance initiates adipose tissue inflammation and reduces adipogenesis, leading to lipid deposition in liver and muscles. Therefore, we propose that the obesity-induced loss of Rab4b in adipose T cells may contribute to maladaptive white adipose tissue remodeling and insulin resistance by altering adipose T cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Gilleron
- INSERM UMR1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine C3M, Team "Cellular and Molecular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes," Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Gwennaëlle Bouget
- INSERM UMR1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine C3M, Team "Cellular and Molecular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes," Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Stoyan Ivanov
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire C3M, Team "Metabolism and Cancer," Nice, France
| | - Cindy Meziat
- INSERM UMR1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine C3M, Team "Cellular and Molecular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes," Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Franck Ceppo
- INSERM UMR1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine C3M, Team "Cellular and Molecular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes," Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Bastien Vergoni
- INSERM UMR1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine C3M, Team "Cellular and Molecular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes," Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Mansour Djedaini
- INSERM UMR1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine C3M, Team "Cellular and Molecular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes," Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Antoine Soprani
- Sorbonne Université, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, INSERM, UMR S_1138 Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; Clinique Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Ramsey Générale de Santé, Paris, France
| | - Karine Dumas
- INSERM UMR1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine C3M, Team "Cellular and Molecular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes," Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Arnaud Jacquel
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire C3M, Team "Cell Death, Differentiation, and Cancer," Nice, France
| | - Laurent Yvan-Charvet
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire C3M, Team "Metabolism and Cancer," Nice, France
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- Sorbonne Université, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, INSERM, UMR S_1138 Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Tanti
- INSERM UMR1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine C3M, Team "Cellular and Molecular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes," Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Mireille Cormont
- INSERM UMR1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine C3M, Team "Cellular and Molecular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes," Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
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7
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Liu R, Nikolajczyk BS. Tissue Immune Cells Fuel Obesity-Associated Inflammation in Adipose Tissue and Beyond. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1587. [PMID: 31379820 PMCID: PMC6653202 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-associated inflammation stems from a combination of cell-intrinsic changes of individual immune cell subsets and the dynamic crosstalk amongst a broad array of immune cells. Although much of the focus of immune cell contributions to metabolic disease has focused on adipose tissue-associated cells, these potent sources of inflammation inhabit other metabolic regulatory tissues, including liver and gut, and recirculate to promote systemic inflammation and thus obesity comorbidities. Tissue-associated immune cells, especially T cell subpopulations, have become a hotspot of inquiry based on their contributions to obesity, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases and certain types of cancers. The cell-cell interactions that take place under the stress of obesity are mediated by intracellular contact and cytokine production, and constitute a complicated network that drives the phenotypic alterations of immune cells and perpetuates a feed-forward loop of metabolic decline. Herein we discuss immune cell functions in various tissues and obesity-associated cancers from the viewpoint of inflammation. We also emphasize recent advances in the understanding of crosstalk amongst immune cell subsets under obese conditions, and suggest future directions for focused investigations with clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Barbara S. Nikolajczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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8
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Abstract
The Golgi apparatus is a central sorting station in the cell. It receives newly synthesized molecules from the endoplasmic reticulum and directs them to different subcellular destinations, such as the plasma membrane or the endocytic pathway. Importantly, in the last few years, it has emerged that the maintenance of Golgi structure is connected to the proper regulation of membrane trafficking. Rab proteins are small GTPases that are considered to be the master regulators of the intracellular membrane trafficking. Several of the over 60 human Rabs are involved in the regulation of transport pathways at the Golgi as well as in the maintenance of its architecture. This chapter will summarize the different roles of Rab GTPases at the Golgi, both as regulators of membrane transport, scaffold, and tethering proteins and in preserving the structure and function of this organelle.
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9
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Kjos I, Vestre K, Guadagno NA, Borg Distefano M, Progida C. Rab and Arf proteins at the crossroad between membrane transport and cytoskeleton dynamics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1865:1397-1409. [PMID: 30021127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular movement and positioning of organelles and vesicles is mediated by the cytoskeleton and molecular motors. Small GTPases like Rab and Arf proteins are main regulators of intracellular transport by connecting membranes to cytoskeleton motors or adaptors. However, it is becoming clear that interactions between these small GTPases and the cytoskeleton are important not only for the regulation of membrane transport. In this review, we will cover our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the connection between Rab and Arf GTPases and the cytoskeleton, with special emphasis on the double role of these interactions, not only in membrane trafficking but also in membrane and cytoskeleton remodeling. Furthermore, we will highlight the most recent findings about the fine control mechanisms of crosstalk between different members of Rab, Arf, and Rho families of small GTPases in the regulation of cytoskeleton organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Kjos
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway
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10
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Song Z, Yin F, Xiang B, Lan B, Cheng S. Systems Pharmacological Approach to Investigate the Mechanism of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma for Alzheimer's Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:5194016. [PMID: 30050590 PMCID: PMC6040288 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5194016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (ATR) is widely used to treat memory and cognition dysfunction. This study aimed to confirm evidence regarding the potential therapeutic effect of ATR on Alzheimer's disease (AD) using a system network level based in silico approach. Study results showed that the compounds in ATR are highly connected to AD-related signaling pathways, biological processes, and organs. These findings were confirmed by compound-target network, target-organ location network, gene ontology analysis, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Most compounds in ATR have been reported to have antifibrillar amyloid plaques, anti-tau phosphorylation, and anti-inflammatory effects. Our results indicated that compounds in ATR interact with multiple targets in a synergetic way. Furthermore, the mRNA expressions of genes targeted by ATR are elevated significantly in heart, brain, and liver. Our results suggest that the anti-inflammatory and immune system enhancing effects of ATR might contribute to its major therapeutic effects on Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyan Song
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Fang Yin
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Biao Xiang
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Bin Lan
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Shaowu Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
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11
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Banworth MJ, Li G. Consequences of Rab GTPase dysfunction in genetic or acquired human diseases. Small GTPases 2018. [PMID: 29239692 DOI: 10.1080/215412481397833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rab GTPases are important regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking in eukaryotes. Both activating and inactivating mutations in Rab genes have been identified and implicated in human diseases ranging from neurological disorders to cancer. In addition, altered Rab expression is often associated with disease prognosis. As such, the study of diseases associated with Rabs or Rab-interacting proteins has shed light on the important role of intracellular membrane trafficking in disease etiology. In this review, we cover recent advances in the field with an emphasis on cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcellus J Banworth
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
| | - Guangpu Li
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
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12
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Banworth MJ, Li G. Consequences of Rab GTPase dysfunction in genetic or acquired human diseases. Small GTPases 2017; 9:158-181. [PMID: 29239692 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2017.1397833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rab GTPases are important regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking in eukaryotes. Both activating and inactivating mutations in Rab genes have been identified and implicated in human diseases ranging from neurological disorders to cancer. In addition, altered Rab expression is often associated with disease prognosis. As such, the study of diseases associated with Rabs or Rab-interacting proteins has shed light on the important role of intracellular membrane trafficking in disease etiology. In this review, we cover recent advances in the field with an emphasis on cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcellus J Banworth
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
| | - Guangpu Li
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
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13
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Priya A, Sugatha J, Parveen S, Lacas-gervais S, Raj P, Gilleron J, Datta S. Essential and selective role of SNX12 in transport of endocytic and retrograde cargo. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2707-2721. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.201905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The endosomal protein sorting machineries play vital roles in diverse physiologically important cellular processes. Much of the core membrane sorting apparatus are conserved in evolution, such as retromer, involved in the recycling of a diverse set of cargoes via retrograde trafficking route. Here, using a RNAi based loss of function study, we identified that SNX12 when suppressed, leads to severe blockage in CIM6PR transport and alters the morphology of the endocytic compartments. We demonstrate that SNX12 is involved in the early phase of CIM6PR transport and mediates receptor recycling upstream of the other well established SNX components of retromer. Ultra-structural analysis revealed that SNX12 resides on tubulo-vesicular structures, inspite of lacking a BAR domain. Further, we illustrate that SNX12 plays a key role in intraluminal vesicle formation and in the maturation of a sub-population of early endosomes to late endosomes thereby regulating selective endocytic transport of cargo for degradation. This study therefore provides evidence for the existence of early endosomal sub-populations, which have differential roles in sorting of the cargoes along endocytic degradative pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amulya Priya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-462023, India
| | - Jini Sugatha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-462023, India
| | - Sameena Parveen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-462023, India
| | - Sandra Lacas-gervais
- Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée, Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Prateek Raj
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Jérôme Gilleron
- INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire C3M, Nice, France
| | - Sunando Datta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-462023, India
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14
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Huang TH, Sun CK, Chen YL, Wang CJ, Yin TC, Lee MS, Yip HK. Shock Wave Enhances Angiogenesis through VEGFR2 Activation and Recycling. Mol Med 2016; 22:850-862. [PMID: 27925633 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although low-energy shock wave (SW) is adopted to treat ischemic diseases because of its pro-angiogenic properties, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed at testing whether SW-induced angiogenesis may be through endothelial vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) signaling and trafficking. Phosphorylation of VEGFR2-Akt-eNOS axis and production of nitric oxide (NO) were determined in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with SW. Carotid artery in ob/ob mice was treated with SW before evaluation with sprouting assay. Critical limb ischemia was induced in ob/ob mice to evaluate blood flow recovery after SW treatment. Tube formation and migration assays were also performed with/without SW treatment in the presence/absence of SU5416 (VEGFR2 kinase inhibitor) and siRNA-driven silencing of VEGFR2. Chloroquine was used for disrupting endosome, and Rab11a controlling slow endocytic recycling was silenced with siRNA in vitro. Following SW treatment, augmented ligand-independent phosphorylation in VEGFR2-Akt-eNOS axis and endogenous NO production, increased cellular migration and tube formation, elevated sprouting of carotid artery and blood flow in ischemic limb in ob/ob mice were noted. Moreover, SU5416 and VEGFR2 silencing both inhibited SW-induced angiogenesis. SW-induced angiogenesis, which was accompanied by increased VEGFR2 protein expression without transcriptional change, was suppressed by chloroquine and Rab11a silencing. We concluded that SW enhanced angiogenesis via ligand-independent activation of VEGFR2 and further prolonged through endosome-to-plasma membrane recycling in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Hung Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Kwan Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University School of Medicine for International Students, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Jen Wang
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Cheng Yin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Mel S Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Kan Yip
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
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15
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Chamberland JP, Antonow LT, Dias Santos M, Ritter B. NECAP2 controls clathrin coat recruitment to early endosomes for fast endocytic recycling. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:2625-37. [PMID: 27206861 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.173708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocytic recycling returns receptors to the plasma membrane following internalization and is essential to maintain receptor levels on the cell surface, re-sensitize cells to extracellular ligands and for continued nutrient uptake. Yet, the protein machineries and mechanisms that drive endocytic recycling remain ill-defined. Here, we establish that NECAP2 regulates the endocytic recycling of EGFR and transferrin receptor. Our analysis of the recycling dynamics revealed that NECAP2 functions in the fast recycling pathway that directly returns cargo from early endosomes to the cell surface. In contrast, NECAP2 does not regulate the clathrin-mediated endocytosis of these cargos, the degradation of EGFR or the recycling of transferrin along the slow, Rab11-dependent recycling pathway. We show that protein knockdown of NECAP2 leads to enlarged early endosomes and causes the loss of the clathrin adapter AP-1 from the organelle. Through structure-function analysis, we define the protein-binding interfaces in NECAP2 that are crucial for AP-1 recruitment to early endosomes. Together, our data identify NECAP2 as a pathway-specific regulator of clathrin coat formation on early endosomes for fast endocytic recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Chamberland
- Boston University School of Medicine, Biochemistry Department, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Lauren T Antonow
- Boston University School of Medicine, Biochemistry Department, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Michel Dias Santos
- Boston University School of Medicine, Biochemistry Department, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Brigitte Ritter
- Boston University School of Medicine, Biochemistry Department, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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16
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Bonnemaison ML, Bäck N, Duffy ME, Ralle M, Mains RE, Eipper BA. Adaptor Protein-1 Complex Affects the Endocytic Trafficking and Function of Peptidylglycine α-Amidating Monooxygenase, a Luminal Cuproenzyme. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:21264-79. [PMID: 26170456 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.641027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The adaptor protein-1 complex (AP-1), which transports cargo between the trans-Golgi network and endosomes, plays a role in the trafficking of Atp7a, a copper-transporting P-type ATPase, and peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM), a copper-dependent membrane enzyme. Lack of any of the four AP-1 subunits impairs function, and patients with MEDNIK syndrome, a rare genetic disorder caused by lack of expression of the σ1A subunit, exhibit clinical and biochemical signs of impaired copper homeostasis. To explore the role of AP-1 in copper homeostasis in neuroendocrine cells, we used corticotrope tumor cells in which AP-1 function was diminished by reducing expression of its μ1A subunit. Copper levels were unchanged when AP-1 function was impaired, but cellular levels of Atp7a declined slightly. The ability of PAM to function was assessed by monitoring 18-kDa fragment-NH2 production from proopiomelanocortin. Reduced AP-1 function made 18-kDa fragment amidation more sensitive to inhibition by bathocuproine disulfonate, a cell-impermeant Cu(I) chelator. The endocytic trafficking of PAM was altered, and PAM-1 accumulated on the cell surface when AP-1 levels were reduced. Reduced AP-1 function increased the Atp7a presence in early/recycling endosomes but did not alter the ability of copper to stimulate its appearance on the plasma membrane. Co-immunoprecipitation of a small fraction of PAM and Atp7a supports the suggestion that copper can be transferred directly from Atp7a to PAM, a process that can occur only when both proteins are present in the same subcellular compartment. Altered luminal cuproenzyme function may contribute to deficits observed when the AP-1 function is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nils Bäck
- the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland, and
| | - Megan E Duffy
- the Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Martina Ralle
- the Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Richard E Mains
- Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Betty A Eipper
- From the Departments of Molecular Biology and Biophysics and Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030,
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17
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Molecular dynamics at the endocytic portal and regulations of endocytic and recycling traffics. Eur J Cell Biol 2015; 94:235-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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