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Riepe TV, Stemerdink M, Salz R, Rey AD, de Bruijn SE, Boonen E, Tomkiewicz TZ, Kwint M, Gloerich J, Wessels HJCT, Delanote E, De Baere E, van Nieuwerburgh F, De Keulenaer S, Ferrari B, Ferrari S, Coppieters F, Cremers FPM, van Wyk E, Roosing S, de Vrieze E, ‘t Hoen PAC. A proteogenomic atlas of the human neural retina. Front Genet 2024; 15:1451024. [PMID: 39371417 PMCID: PMC11450717 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1451024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The human neural retina is a complex tissue with abundant alternative splicing and more than 10% of genetic variants linked to inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) alter splicing. Traditional short-read RNA-sequencing methods have been used for understanding retina-specific splicing but have limitations in detailing transcript isoforms. To address this, we generated a proteogenomic atlas that combines PacBio long-read RNA-sequencing data with mass spectrometry and whole genome sequencing data of three healthy human neural retina samples. We identified nearly 60,000 transcript isoforms, of which approximately one-third are novel. Additionally, ten novel peptides confirmed novel transcript isoforms. For instance, we identified a novel IMPDH1 isoform with a novel combination of known exons that is supported by peptide evidence. Our research underscores the potential of in-depth tissue-specific transcriptomic analysis to enhance our grasp of tissue-specific alternative splicing. The data underlying the proteogenomic atlas are available via EGA with identifier EGAD50000000101, via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD045187, and accessible through the UCSC genome browser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabea V. Riepe
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Academic Alliance Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
- Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Merel Stemerdink
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
| | - Renee Salz
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Alfredo Dueñas Rey
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Suzanne E. de Bruijn
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Academic Alliance Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
| | - Erica Boonen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Academic Alliance Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
- Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Tomasz Z. Tomkiewicz
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Academic Alliance Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
- Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Michael Kwint
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jolein Gloerich
- Department of Human Genetics, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
| | - Hans J. C. T. Wessels
- Department of Human Genetics, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
| | - Emma Delanote
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elfride De Baere
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Sarah De Keulenaer
- NXTGNT, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Frauke Coppieters
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frans P. M. Cremers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Academic Alliance Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
- Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Erwin van Wyk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
| | - Susanne Roosing
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Academic Alliance Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
- Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Erik de Vrieze
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
| | - Peter A. C. ‘t Hoen
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Böhm S, Splith V, Riedmayr LM, Rötzer RD, Gasparoni G, Nordström KJV, Wagner JE, Hinrichsmeyer KS, Walter J, Wahl-Schott C, Fenske S, Biel M, Michalakis S, Becirovic E. A gene therapy for inherited blindness using dCas9-VPR-mediated transcriptional activation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba5614. [PMID: 32875106 PMCID: PMC7438099 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba5614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Catalytically inactive dCas9 fused to transcriptional activators (dCas9-VPR) enables activation of silent genes. Many disease genes have counterparts, which serve similar functions but are expressed in distinct cell types. One attractive option to compensate for the missing function of a defective gene could be to transcriptionally activate its functionally equivalent counterpart via dCas9-VPR. Key challenges of this approach include the delivery of dCas9-VPR, activation efficiency, long-term expression of the target gene, and adverse effects in vivo. Using dual adeno-associated viral vectors expressing split dCas9-VPR, we show efficient transcriptional activation and long-term expression of cone photoreceptor-specific M-opsin (Opn1mw) in a rhodopsin-deficient mouse model for retinitis pigmentosa. One year after treatment, this approach yields improved retinal function and attenuated retinal degeneration with no apparent adverse effects. Our study demonstrates that dCas9-VPR-mediated transcriptional activation of functionally equivalent genes has great potential for the treatment of genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybille Böhm
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Victoria Splith
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Maria Riedmayr
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - René Dominik Rötzer
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gilles Gasparoni
- Department of Genetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Johanna Elisabeth Wagner
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Klara Sonnie Hinrichsmeyer
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Fenske
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Biel
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stylianos Michalakis
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Elvir Becirovic
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM, Munich, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Abstract
Rods and cones are retinal photoreceptor neurons required for our visual sensation. Because of their highly polarized structures and well-characterized processes of G protein-coupled receptor-mediated phototransduction signaling, these photoreceptors have been excellent models for studying the compartmentalization and sorting of proteins. Rods and cones have a modified ciliary compartment called the outer segment (OS) as well as non-OS compartments. The distinct membrane protein compositions between OS and non-OS compartments suggest that the OS is separated from the rest of the cellular compartments by multiple barriers or gates that are selectively permissive to specific cargoes. This review discusses the mechanisms of protein sorting and compartmentalization in photoreceptor neurons. Proper sorting and compartmentalization of membrane proteins are required for signal transduction and transmission. This review also discusses the roles of compartmentalized signaling, which is compromised in various retinal ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Imanishi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA;
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Feng G, Guo K, Yan Q, Ye Y, Shen M, Ruan S, Qiu S. Expression of Protein 4.1 Family in Breast Cancer: Database Mining for 4.1 Family Members in Malignancies. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:3374-3389. [PMID: 31063460 PMCID: PMC6524556 DOI: 10.12659/msm.914085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The protein 4.1 family is a family of cytoskeletal proteins that play an important role in maintaining normal cell morphology and cell adhesion, migration, division, and intercellular signaling. The main aim of this study was to explore the prognostic significance of the protein 4.1 family in breast cancer (BC) patients and to provide new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of BC. MATERIAL AND METHODS The expression of 4.1 family members in various tumor types was compared to normal controls using the ONCOMINE and GOBO databases. The prognostic significance of the 4.1 family in BC patients was determined by Kaplan-Meier Plotter. RESULTS EPB41L2 (4.1G) was expressed at higher levels in normal tissues compared with BC patients for all 4.1 family members. In survival analysis, 4.1G and EPB41 (4.1R) mRNA high expressions were associated with better survival in BC patients. Moreover, 4.1G high expression was significantly associated with longer overall survival (OS) in luminal A and protracted relapse-free survival (RFS) in luminal B subtype BC patients who received Tamoxifen treatment. In addition, high expression of each 4.1 family member also showed better prognostic value in different molecular subtypes of BC. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the protein 4.1 family can be regarded as novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for BC. Further research is needed to explore the detailed biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Feng
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Kaibo Guo
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Qingying Yan
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Ye Ye
- Hangzhou Vocational and Technical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Minhe Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Shanming Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Shengliang Qiu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Abstract
Retinal photoreceptor cells contain a specialized outer segment (OS) compartment that functions in the capture of light and its conversion into electrical signals in a process known as phototransduction. In rods, photoisomerization of 11-cis to all-trans retinal within rhodopsin triggers a biochemical cascade culminating in the closure of cGMP-gated channels and hyperpolarization of the cell. Biochemical reactions return the cell to its 'dark state' and the visual cycle converts all-trans retinal back to 11-cis retinal for rhodopsin regeneration. OS are continuously renewed, with aged membrane removed at the distal end by phagocytosis and new membrane added at the proximal end through OS disk morphogenesis linked to protein trafficking. The molecular basis for disk morphogenesis remains to be defined in detail although several models have been proposed, and molecular mechanisms underlying protein trafficking are under active investigation. The aim of this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster is to highlight our current understanding of photoreceptor structure, phototransduction, the visual cycle, OS renewal, protein trafficking and retinal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Molday
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre for Macular Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Centre for Macular Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 3N9
| | - Orson L Moritz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Centre for Macular Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V5Z 3N9
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Molday RS. Segregating phototransduction from morphogenesis in photoreceptor outer segments. Channels (Austin) 2015; 9:59-60. [PMID: 25835129 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2015.1017999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Molday
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ; University of British Columbia ; Vancouver , BC Canada
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Nemet I, Tian G, Imanishi Y. Organization of cGMP sensing structures on the rod photoreceptor outer segment plasma membrane. Channels (Austin) 2015; 8:528-35. [PMID: 25616687 DOI: 10.4161/19336950.2014.973776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A diffusion barrier segregates the plasma membrane of the rod photoreceptor outer segment into 2 domains; one which is optimized for the conductance of ions in the phototransduction cascade and another for disk membrane synthesis. We propose the former to be named "phototransductive plasma membrane domain," and the latter to be named "disk morphogenic plasma membrane domain." Within the phototransductive plasma membrane, cGMP-gated channels are concentrated in striated membrane features, which are proximally located to the sites of active cGMP production within the disk membranes. For proper localization of cGMP-gated channel to the phototransductive plasma membrane, the glutamic acid-rich protein domain encoded in the β subunit plays a critical role. Quantitative study suggests that the disk morphogenic domain likely plays an important role in enriching rhodopsin prior to its sequestration into closed disk membranes. Thus, this and our previous studies provide new insight into the mechanism that spatially organizes the vertebrate phototransduction cascade.
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Key Words
- CNGA1
- CNGA1, cyclic nucleotide gated channel α-1
- CNGB1
- CNGB1, cyclic nucleotide gated channel β-1
- Dend2, Dendra2
- GARP, glutamic acid-rich protein
- GC, guanylate cyclase
- GCAP, guanylate cyclase activating protein
- GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor
- IS, inner segment
- OS, outer segment
- PDE6, phosphodiesterase 6
- Rho, rhodopsin
- cyclic nucleotide gated channel
- morphogenesis
- photoreceptor
- retina
- rhodopsin
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Nemet
- a Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine ; Case Western Reserve University ; Cleveland , OH USA
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Nguyen KV. Epigenetic Regulation in Amyloid Precursor Protein with Genomic Rearrangements and the Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2015; 34:674-90. [PMID: 26398526 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2015.1071844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Recently, epigenetic regulation of alternative APP pre-mRNA splicing in the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS) has been studied (see Ref. 7) and showed for the first time, the presence of several APP-mRNA isoforms encoding divers APP protein isoforms ranging from 120 to 770 amino acids (with or without mutations and/or deletions). Here, by continuing on this work, I identified, for the first time new APP-mRNA isoforms with a deletion followed by an insertion (INDELS) in LNS and LNVs patients: c.19_2295delinsG166TT…GAGTCC…CTTAGTC…TCT489,p.Leu7Valfs*2;c.19_2295 delinsG169TT…GAGACC…CTTGGTC…TCT492,p.Leu7Valfs*2;and c.16_2313delinsG84CC…CAT616,p.Leu7Hisfs*45. A role of genomic rearrangements of APP gene via the Fork Stalling and Template Switching (FoSTeS) mechanism leading to INDELS was suggested. Epistasis between mutated HPRT1 and APP genes could be one of the factors of epigenetic modifications responsible for genomic rearrangements of APP gene. My findings accounted for epigenetic mechanism in the regulation of alternative APP pre-mRNA splicing as well as for epigenetic control of genomic rearrangements of APP gene may provide therefore new directions not only for investigating the role of APP in neuropathology associated with HGprt-deficiency in LNS and LNVs patients but also for the research in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders by which APP gene involved in the pathogenesis of the diseases such as autism, fragile X syndrome (FXS), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) with its diversity and complexity, especially for sporadic form of AD (SAD). An accurate quantification of various APP-mRNA isoforms in brain tissues for detection of initial pathological changes or pathology development is needed and antisense drugs are the potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khue Vu Nguyen
- a Department of Medicine, Biochemical Genetics and Metabolism, The Mitochondrial and Metabolic Disease Center, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego , San Diego , CA , USA.,b Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA
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Sanuki R, Watanabe S, Sugita Y, Irie S, Kozuka T, Shimada M, Ueno S, Usukura J, Furukawa T. Protein-4.1G-Mediated Membrane Trafficking Is Essential for Correct Rod Synaptic Location in the Retina and for Normal Visual Function. Cell Rep 2015; 10:796-808. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Submembrane assembly and renewal of rod photoreceptor cGMP-gated channel: insight into the actin-dependent process of outer segment morphogenesis. J Neurosci 2014; 34:8164-74. [PMID: 24920621 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1282-14.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The photoreceptor outer segment (OS) is comprised of two compartments: plasma membrane (PM) and disk membranes. It is unknown how the PM renewal is coordinated with that of the disk membranes. Here we visualized the localization and trafficking process of rod cyclic nucleotide-gated channel α-subunit (CNGA1), a PM component essential for phototransduction. The localization was visualized by fusing CNGA1 to a fluorescent protein Dendra2 and expressing in Xenopus laevis rod photoreceptors. Dendra2 allowed us to label CNGA1 in a spatiotemporal manner and therefore discriminate between old and newly trafficked CNGA1-Dendra2 in the OS PM. Newly synthesized CNGA1 was preferentially trafficked to the basal region of the lateral OS PM where newly formed and matured disks are also added. Unique trafficking pattern and diffusion barrier excluded CNGA1 from the PM domains, which are the proposed site of disk membrane maturation. Such distinct compartmentalization allows the confinement of cyclic nucleotide-gated channel in the PM, while preventing the disk membrane incorporation. Cytochalasin D and latrunculin A treatments, which are known to disrupt F-actin-dependent disk membrane morphogenesis, prevented the entrance of newly synthesized CNGA1 to the OS PM, but did not prevent the entrance of rhodopsin and peripherin/rds to the membrane evaginations believed to be disk membrane precursors. Uptake of rhodopsin and peripherin/rds coincided with the overgrowth of the evaginations at the base of the OS. Thus F-actin is essential for the trafficking of CNGA1 to the ciliary PM, and coordinates the formations of disk membrane rim region and OS PM.
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