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Valdez Ovallez FM, Gómez Alés R, Astudillo V, Córdoba M, Fava G, Acosta R, Blanco G, Villavicencio J, Acosta JC. Thermal biology and locomotor performance of the Andean lizard
Liolaemus fitzgeraldi
(Liolaemidae) in Argentina. ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/azo.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franco M. Valdez Ovallez
- Gabinete de Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de San Juan San Juan Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) San Juan Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Gómez Alés
- Gabinete de Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de San Juan San Juan Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) San Juan Argentina
| | - Vanesa Astudillo
- Gabinete de Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de San Juan San Juan Argentina
| | - Mariela Córdoba
- Gabinete de Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de San Juan San Juan Argentina
| | - Gustavo Fava
- Gabinete de Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de San Juan San Juan Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Acosta
- Gabinete de Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de San Juan San Juan Argentina
| | - Graciela Blanco
- Gabinete de Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de San Juan San Juan Argentina
| | - José Villavicencio
- Gabinete de Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de San Juan San Juan Argentina
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- Gabinete de Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de San Juan San Juan Argentina
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2
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Edwards DL, Avila LJ, Martinez L, Sites JW, Morando M. Environmental correlates of phenotypic evolution in ecologically diverse
Liolaemus
lizards. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9009. [PMID: 35784059 PMCID: PMC9201750 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary correlations between phenotypic and environmental traits characterize adaptive radiations. However, the lizard genus Liolaemus, one of the most ecologically diverse terrestrial vertebrate radiations on earth, has so far shown limited or mixed evidence of adaptive diversification in phenotype. Restricted use of comprehensive environmental data, incomplete taxonomic representation and not considering phylogenetic uncertainty may have led to contradictory evidence. We compiled a 26‐taxon dataset for the Liolaemus gracilis species group, representing much of the ecological diversity represented within Liolaemus and used environmental data to characterize how environments occupied by species' relate to phenotypic evolution. Our analyses, explicitly accounting for phylogenetic uncertainty, suggest diversification in phenotypic traits toward the present, with body shape evolution rapidly evolving in this group. Body shape evolution correlates with the occupation of different structural habitats indicated by vegetation axes suggesting species have adapted for maximal locomotory performance in these habitats. Our results also imply that the effects of phylogenetic uncertainty and model misspecification may be more extensive on univariate, relative to multivariate analyses of evolutionary correlations, which is an important consideration in analyzing data from rapidly radiating adaptive radiations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L. Edwards
- The Department of Life & Environmental Sciences University of California Merced California USA
| | - Luciano J. Avila
- Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales (IPEEC‐CONICET) Puerto Madryn Argentina
| | - Lorena Martinez
- Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales (IPEEC‐CONICET) Puerto Madryn Argentina
- Vigo Spain
| | - Jack W. Sites
- Department of Biology and M.L. Bean Life Science Museum Brigham Young University (BYU) Provo Utah USA
- Trenton Kentucky USA
| | - Mariana Morando
- Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales (IPEEC‐CONICET) Puerto Madryn Argentina
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3
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Correspondence between thermal biology and locomotor performance in a liolaemid lizard from the southeastern coastal Pampas of Argentina. J Therm Biol 2021; 105:103173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Stellatelli OA, Vega LE, Block C, Rocca C, Bellagamba P, Dajil JE, Cruz FB. Latitudinal pattern of the thermal sensitivity of running speed in the endemic lizard Liolaemus multimaculatus. Integr Zool 2021; 17:619-637. [PMID: 34496145 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Physiological performance in lizards may be affected by climate across latitudinal or altitudinal gradients. In the coastal dune barriers in central-eastern Argentina, the annual maximum environmental temperature decreases up to 2°C from low to high latitudes, while the mean relative humidity of the air decreases from 50% to 25%. Liolaemus multimaculatus, a lizard in the family Liolaemidae, is restricted to these coastal dunes. We investigated the locomotor performance of the species at 6 different sites distributed throughout its range in these dune barriers. We inquired whether locomotor performance metrics were sensitive to the thermal regime attributable to latitude. The thermal performance breadth increased from 7% to 82% with latitude, due to a decrease in its critical thermal minimum of up to 5°C at higher latitudes. Lizards from high latitude sites showed a thermal optimum, that is, the body temperature at which maximum speed is achieved, up to 4°C lower than that of lizards from the low latitude. At relatively low temperatures, the maximum running speed of high-latitude individuals was faster than that of low-latitude ones. Thermal parameters of locomotor performance were labile, decreasing as a function of latitude. These results show populations of L. multimaculatus adjust thermal physiology to cope with local climatic variations. This suggests that thermal sensitivity responds to the magnitude of latitudinal fluctuations in environmental temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Aníbal Stellatelli
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Laura E Vega
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Carolina Block
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Camila Rocca
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Juan Esteban Dajil
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Félix Benjamín Cruz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Universidad Nacional del Comahue - CONICET, San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina
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5
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Hudson SB, Virgin EE, Kepas ME, French SS. Energy expenditure across immune challenge severities in a lizard: consequences for innate immunity, locomotor performance and oxidative status. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:271845. [PMID: 34402514 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.242608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Reptiles, like other vertebrates, rely on immunity to defend themselves from infection. The energetic cost of an immune response is liable to scale with infection severity, prompting constraints on other self-maintenance traits if immune prioritization exceeds energy budget. In this study, adult male side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana) were injected with saline (control) or high (20 µg g-1 body mass) or low (10 µg g-1 body mass) concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to simulate bacterial infections of discrete severities. The costs and consequences of the immune response were assessed through comparisons of change in resting metabolic rate (RMR), energy metabolites (glucose, glycerol, triglycerides), innate immunity (bactericidal ability), sprint speed and oxidative status (antioxidant capacity, reactive oxygen metabolites). High-LPS lizards had the lowest glucose levels and greatest sprint reductions, while their RMR and bactericidal ability were similar to those of control lizards. Low-LPS lizards had elevated RMR and bactericidal ability, but glucose levels and sprint speed changes between those of high-LPS and control lizards. Levels of glycerol, triglycerides, reactive oxygen metabolites and antioxidant capacity did not differ by treatment. Taken together, energy expenditure for the immune response varies in a non-linear fashion with challenge severity, posing consequences for performance and self-maintenance processes in a reptile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer B Hudson
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5205, USA.,Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5205, USA
| | - Emily E Virgin
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5205, USA.,Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5205, USA
| | - Megen E Kepas
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5205, USA.,Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5205, USA
| | - Susannah S French
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5205, USA.,Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5205, USA
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6
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Vaughn PL, Mcqueen W, Gangloff EJ. Moving to the city: testing the implications of morphological shifts on locomotor performance in introduced urban lizards. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blab076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Understanding how morphology affects performance in novel environments and how populations shift their morphology in response to environmental selective pressures is necessary to understand how invaders can be successful. We tested these relationships in a global colonizer, the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis), translocated to Cincinnati, OH, USA 70 years ago. We investigated how morphology shifts in this population inhabiting a novel environment, how these morphological shifts influence locomotor performance and how performance changes in novel conditions. We compared the morphology of museum specimens and current lizards to see which aspects of morphology have shifted over time. Although overall body size did not change, most body dimensions reduced in size. We measured sprint speed with a full-factorial design of substrate type, incline angle and obstacles. We identified a pattern of negative correlation in sprint performance between conditions with and without obstacles. The locomotor advantage of larger body size was diminished when obstacles were present. Finally, there was no relationship between individual variation in contemporary morphology and sprint performance, providing no support to the hypothesis that these shifts are attributable to selective pressures on locomotor performance in the conditions tested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wyatt Mcqueen
- Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA
| | - Eric J Gangloff
- Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA
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7
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Schwarz R, Stark G, Antonopolous A, Itescu Y, Pafilis P, Chapple DG, Meiri S. Specialist versus Generalist at the Intraspecific Level: Functional Morphology and Substrate Preference of Mediodactylus kotschyi Geckos. Integr Comp Biol 2021; 61:62-75. [PMID: 34010416 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Populations of the same species occupying different microhabitats can either exhibit generalized traits across them or display intraspecific variability, adapting to each microhabitat in order to maximize performance. Intraspecific variability contributes to the generation of diversity, following selection and adaptation, and understanding such variability is important for comprehending how individuals choose their microhabitats. Compared with interspecific variability, however, intraspecific variability in functional morphology and its relationship with microhabitat preference and use have been relatively little studied. Here we examined whether populations of the gecko Mediodactylus kotschyi that differ in the substrates they occupy display habitat-specific behaviors and differing morphologies associated with functional adaptation to their microhabitats. We collected 207 geckos from under or on rocks or on trees from seven populations in Greece. On large islands individuals occupy both substrates; whereas small islets are devoid of trees and the geckos are restricted to rocks, while on the mainland they are only found on trees. We determined gecko substrate preferences in the laboratory, together with their clinging abilities to the different substrates. We measured their limbs, digits, and claws and assessed how these measurements relate to clinging ability. Geckos from all populations preferred the tree made available to them, but this preference was not statistically significant. Geckos from both large and small islands clung better to the tree than to the rock in the laboratory, while those from the mainland clung similarly to both substrates. Geckos collected from trees had longer manual digits and hind limbs. Geckos collected from large and small islands had taller (longer on the dorso-ventral axis; henceforth "deeper") claws. Longer digits and deeper but shorter claws were associated with a better ability to cling to rocks. Our findings suggest that while M. kotschyi is potentially preferentially arboreal, due to the great variation and plasticity it possesses, it can successfully also exploit the habitats available on the smallest, treeless islets in the Aegean Sea. Our study suggests that the dichotomous use of generalist versus specialist in describing species' habitat use is oversimplified, and we suggest the use of a generalist-specialist gradient instead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Schwarz
- School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Gavin Stark
- School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Antonis Antonopolous
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 157 72, Greece
| | - Yuval Itescu
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin 12587, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Panayiotis Pafilis
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 157 72, Greece
| | - David G Chapple
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Shai Meiri
- School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.,The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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8
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Vassallo AI, Manzano A, Abdala V, Muzio RN. Can Anyone Climb? The Skills of a Non-specialized Toad and its Bearing on the Evolution of New Niches. Evol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-021-09539-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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9
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Hudson SB, Virgin EE, Brodie ED, French SS. Recovery from discrete wound severities in side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana): implications for energy budget, locomotor performance, and oxidative stress. J Comp Physiol B 2021; 191:531-543. [PMID: 33582858 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-021-01347-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Wounding events (predation attempts, competitive combat) result in injuries and/or infections that induce integrated immune responses for the recovery process. Despite the survival benefits of immunity in this context, the costs incurred may require investment to be diverted from traits contributing to immediate and/or future survival, such as locomotor performance and oxidative status. Yet, whether trait constraints manifest likely depends on wound severity and the implications for energy budget. For this study, food intake, body mass, sprint speed, and oxidative indices (reactive oxygen metabolites, antioxidant capacity) were monitored in male side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana) healing from cutaneous wounds of discrete sizes (control, small, large). Results indicate that larger wounds induced faster healing, reduced food consumption, and led to greater oxidative stress over time. Granted wounding did not differentially affect body mass or sprint speed overall, small-wounded lizards with greater wound area healed had faster sprint speeds while large-wounded lizards with greater wound area healed had slower sprint speeds. During recovery from either wound severity, however, healing and sprint performance did not correspond with food consumption, body mass loss, nor oxidative status. These findings provide support that energy budget, locomotor performance, and oxidative status of a reptile are linked to wound recovery to an extent, albeit dependent on wound severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer B Hudson
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5205, USA. .,Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322‑5205, USA.
| | - Emily E Virgin
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5205, USA.,Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322‑5205, USA
| | - Edmund D Brodie
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5205, USA
| | - Susannah S French
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322-5205, USA.,Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322‑5205, USA
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10
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de Barros FC, Grizante MB, Zampieri FAM, Kohlsdorf T. Peculiar relationships among morphology, burrowing performance and sand type in two fossorial microteiid lizards. ZOOLOGY 2020; 144:125880. [PMID: 33310388 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2020.125880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Associations among ecology, morphology and locomotor performance have been intensively investigated in several vertebrate lineages. Knowledge on how phenotypes evolve in natural environments likely benefits from identification of circumstances that might expand current ecomorphological equations. In this study, we used two species of Calyptommatus lizards from Brazilian Caatingas to evaluate if specific soil properties favor burrowing performance. As a derived prediction, we expected that functional associations would be easily detectable at the sand condition that favors low-resistance burrowing. We collected two endemic lizards and soil samples in their respective localities, obtained morphological data and recorded performance of both species in different sand types. As a result, the two species burrowed faster at the fine and homogeneous sand, the only condition where we detected functional associations between morphology and locomotion. In this sand type, lizards from both Calyptommatus species that have higher trunks and more concave heads were the ones that burrowed faster, and these phenotypic traits did not morphologically discriminate the two Calyptommatus populations studied. We discuss that integrative approaches comprising manipulation of environmental conditions clearly contribute to elucidate processes underlying phenotypic evolution in fossorial lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio C de Barros
- Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, ICAQF, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, Diadema, SP, 09972-270, Brazil.
| | - Mariana B Grizante
- Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil; Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, Brazil
| | - Felipe A M Zampieri
- Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Tiana Kohlsdorf
- Department of Biology, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil.
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11
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Vega CM, Ashley-Ross MA. Tiger Salamanders ( Ambystoma tigrinum) Increase Foot Contact Surface Area on Challenging Substrates During Terrestrial Locomotion. Integr Org Biol 2020; 2:obaa029. [PMID: 33791568 PMCID: PMC7794020 DOI: 10.1093/iob/obaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals live in heterogeneous environments must navigate in order to forage or capture food, defend territories, and locate mates. These heterogeneous environments have a variety of substrates that differ in their roughness, texture, and other properties, all of which may alter locomotor performance. Despite such natural variation in substrate, many studies on locomotion use noncompliant surfaces that either are unrepresentative of the range of substrates experienced by species or underestimate maximal locomotor capabilities. The goal of this study was to determine the role of forefeet and hindfeet on substrates with different properties during walking in a generalized sprawling tetrapod, the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum). Adult salamanders (n = 4, SVL = 11.2–14.6 cm) walked across level dry sand (DS), semi-soft plaster of Paris (PoP), wet sand (WS), and a hard, noncompliant surface (table)—substrates that vary in compliance. Trials were filmed in dorsal and anterior views. Videos were analyzed to determine the number of digits and surface area of each foot in contact with the substrate. The surface area of the forelimbs contacting the substrate was significantly greater on DS and PoP than on WS and the table. The surface area of the hindlimbs contacting the substrate was significantly greater on DS than on all other substrates. There were no significant differences in the time that the fore- or hindfeet were in contact with the substrate as determined by the number of digits. We conclude that salamanders modulate the use of their feet depending on the substrate, particularly on DS which is known to increase the mechanical work and energy expended during locomotion owing to the fluid nature of its loose particles. More studies are needed to test a wider range of substrates and to incorporate behavioral data from field studies to get a better understanding of how salamanders are affected by different substrates in their natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Vega
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - Miriam A Ashley-Ross
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
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12
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Adams DR, Gifford ME. Functional and Environmental Constraints on Prey Capture Speed in a Lizard. Integr Org Biol 2020; 2:obaa022. [PMID: 33791563 PMCID: PMC7715460 DOI: 10.1093/iob/obaa022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Movement is an important component of animal behavior and determines how an organism interacts with its environment. The speed at which an animal moves through its environment can be constrained by internal (e.g., physiological state) and external factors (e.g., habitat complexity). When foraging, animals should move at speeds that maximize prey capture while minimizing mistakes (i.e., missing prey, slipping). We used experimental arenas containing obstacles spaced in different arrays to test how variation in habitat complexity influenced attack distance, prey capture speed, and foraging success in the Prairie Lizard. Obstacles spaced uniformly across arenas resulted in 15% slower prey capture speed and 30–38% shorter attack distance compared to arenas with no obstacles or with obstacles clustered in opposite corners of the arena. Prey capture probability was not influenced by arena type or capture speed, but declined with increasing attack distance. Similarly, the probability of prey consumption declined with attack distance across arena types. However, prey consumption probability declined with increasing prey capture speed in more open arenas but not in the cluttered arena. Foraging accuracy declined with increasing speed in more open arenas, and remained relatively constant when obstacles were in closer proximity. Foraging success was primarily constrained by intrinsic properties (speed-maneuverability tradeoff) when ample space was available, but environmental conditions had a greater impact on foraging success in “cluttered” habitats. This empirical test of theoretical predictions about optimal movement speeds in animals provides a step forward in understanding how animals select speeds in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Adams
- Vilonia High School, 1164 Main St, Vilonia, AR 72173, USA
| | - M E Gifford
- Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, 201 Donaghey Ave, Conway, AR 72035, USA
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13
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Moreno Azócar DL, Nayan AA, Perotti MG, Cruz FB. How and when melanic coloration is an advantage for lizards: the case of three closely-related species of Liolaemus. ZOOLOGY 2020; 141:125774. [PMID: 32590232 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2020.125774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Body temperature affects various aspects of ectotherm biology. Reptiles, as ectotherms, gain and control their temperature mainly through behavioural adjustments, although some body traits may also be advantageous. According to the thermal melanism hypothesis (TMH) dark colour may be thermally advantageous in cold environments. Additionally, differences in thermoregulatory capacity may also affect performance. We analysed the role of melanism in the thermoregulation and sprint speed performance of three species of Liolaemus lizards from Argentinean Patagonia. Liolaemus shitan, L. elongatus and L. gununakuna are phylogenetically close, with similar body sizes and life history traits, but differ in their melanic colouration, L. shitan being the darkest and L. gununakuna the lightest species. We estimated sprint speed performance curves and heating rates, and recorded final body temperature and sprint speed achieved after a fixed heating time, from two different initial body temperatures, and with and without movement restriction. Performance curves were similar for all the species, but for L. gununakuna the curve was more flattened. Darker species showed faster heating rates, ran faster after fixed heating trials at the lowest temperature, and reached higher body temperatures than L. gununakuna, but this was compensated for by behavioural adjustments of the lighter lizards. Similarity of sprint speed performance may be due to the conservative nature of this character in these species, while variation in heating ability, particularly when starting from low temperatures, may reflect plasticity in this trait. The latter provides support for the TMH in these lizards, as melanism helps them increase their body temperature. This may be especially advantageous at the beginning of the day or on cloudy days, when temperatures are lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Lina Moreno Azócar
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Biología Evolutiva y Comportamiento de Herpetozoos (LEBECH), Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), CONICET-UNCOMA, Quintral 1250, Bariloche, 8400, Río Negro, Argentina.
| | - Andaluz Arcos Nayan
- Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, Bariloche, 8400, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Perotti
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Biología Evolutiva y Comportamiento de Herpetozoos (LEBECH), Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), CONICET-UNCOMA, Quintral 1250, Bariloche, 8400, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Félix Benjamín Cruz
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Biología Evolutiva y Comportamiento de Herpetozoos (LEBECH), Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), CONICET-UNCOMA, Quintral 1250, Bariloche, 8400, Río Negro, Argentina
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14
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Gomes V, Herrel A, Carretero MA, Kaliontzopoulou A. New Insights into Bite Performance: Morphological Trade-Offs Underlying the Duration and Magnitude of Bite Force. Physiol Biochem Zool 2020; 93:175-184. [DOI: 10.1086/708248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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16
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Morando M, Olave M, Avila LJ, Sites JW, Leaché AD. Phylogenomic data resolve higher-level relationships within South American Liolaemus lizards. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 147:106781. [PMID: 32147573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Phylogenomic approaches now generate hundreds of loci representative of the whole genome that can be used for phylogenetic analyses. The South American lizard genus Liolaemus is the most species-rich vertebrate radiation from temperate zones (more than 265 described species), yet most higher-level phylogenetic relationships within Liolaemus remain poorly resolved. In this study, we used 584 nuclear loci collected using targeted sequenced capture to estimate the phylogenetic relationships among 26 species representing the two subgenera within Liolaemus (Eulaemus + Liolaemus), and all major groups within Eulaemus. Previous molecular and morphological-based phylogenetic analyses of Eulaemus based on a limited number of characters resolved few higher-level relationships, although one point of agreement is that the early divergence within Eulaemus corresponds to the lineomaculatus section, followed by the diversification of eight main clades that are strongly supported and recognized. Liolaemus probably experienced relatively rapid divergences during parts of its evolutionary history, and a phylogenomic approach was used to resolve the relationships among the major groups. The new analyses presented here support the division of Liolaemus into two subgenera, and resolve relationships among many of the major clades of Eulaemus with strong support. A Bayesian divergence dating analysis using 44 protein-coding genes provides an estimation of the split of the two Liolaemus subgenera of approximately 19,7 ma (95% HPD = 16,94-23,04), while diversification within Eulaemus started at 15,05 ma (95% HPD = 12,94 - 17,59) among the L. lineomaculatus and the L. montanus series by Mid Miocene. A novel phylogenetic network analyses for SNP data identified two hybridizing edges among different groups of Eulaemus at different points in time. Having a solid phylogenetic hypothesis of the main Eulaemus clades opens new opportunities to test a variety of macroevolutionary questions for this unique radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Morando
- Instituto para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales Patagónicos (IPEEC-CONICET), Argentina. Boulevard Almirante G. Brown 2915, U9120-ACD Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Sede Puerto Madryn, Boulevard Almirante Brown 3700, U9120ACD Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
| | - Melisa Olave
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Zonas Arídas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IADIZA-CONICET), 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Luciano J Avila
- Instituto para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales Patagónicos (IPEEC-CONICET), Argentina. Boulevard Almirante G. Brown 2915, U9120-ACD Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Jack W Sites
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; Department of Biology, Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN 37044, USA(1)
| | - Adam D Leaché
- Department of Biology & Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1800, USA
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17
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Influence of Habitat Structure and Prey Abundance on Occupancy and Abundance of Two Anole Ecomorphs, Anolis cristatellus and Anolis krugi, in Secondary Karst Forests in Northern Puerto Rico. J HERPETOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1670/19-009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Ibargüengoytía NR, Kubisch E, Cabezas-Cartes F, Fernández JB, Duran F, Piantoni C, Medina MS, Sinervo B. Effects of Acute and Chronic Environmental Disturbances on Lizards of Patagonia. NATURAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES OF PATAGONIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42752-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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19
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Baeckens S, Goeyers C, Van Damme R. Convergent Evolution of Claw Shape in a Transcontinental Lizard Radiation. Integr Comp Biol 2019; 60:10-23. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icz151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSpecies occupying similar selective environments often share similar phenotypes as the result of natural selection. Recent discoveries, however, have led to the understanding that phenotypes may also converge for other reasons than recurring selection. We argue that the vertebrate claw system constitutes a promising but understudied model system for testing the adaptive nature of phenotypic, functional, and genetic convergence. In this study, we combine basic morphometrics and advanced techniques in form analysis to examine claw shape divergence in a transcontinental lizard radiation (Lacertidae). We find substantial interspecific variation in claw morphology and phylogenetic comparative statistics reveal a strong correlation with structural habitat use: ground-dwelling species living in open areas are equipped with long, thick, weakly curved, slender-bodied claws, whereas climbing species carry high, short, strongly curved, full-bodied claws. Species occupying densely vegetated habitats tend to carry intermediately shaped claws. Evolutionary models suggest that claw shape evolves toward multiple adaptive peaks, with structural habitat use pulling species toward a specific selective optimum. Contrary to findings in several other vertebrate taxa, our analyses indicate that environmental pressures, not phylogenetic relatedness, drive convergent evolution of similarly shaped claws in lacertids. Overall, our study suggests that lacertids independently evolved similarly shaped claws as an adaptation to similar structural environments in order to cope with the specific locomotory challenges posed by the habitat. Future biomechanical studies that link form and function in combination with genomic and development research will prove valuable in better understanding the adaptive significance of claw shape divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Baeckens
- Functional Morphology Lab, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Charlotte Goeyers
- Functional Morphology Lab, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Raoul Van Damme
- Functional Morphology Lab, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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20
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De Oliveira-Lagôa S, Cruz FB, Azócar DLM, Lavilla EO, Abdala V. Anuran forelimb muscle tendinous structures and their relationship with locomotor modes and habitat use. Curr Zool 2019; 65:599-608. [PMID: 31616491 PMCID: PMC6784496 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoy086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between organisms and their environment is central in functional morphology. Differences in habitat usage may imply divergent morphology of locomotor systems; thus, detecting which morphological traits are conservative across lineages and which ones vary under environmental pressure is important in evolutionary studies. We studied internal and external morphology in 28 species of Neotropical anurans. Our aim was to determine if internal morphology (muscle and tendons) shows lower phylogenetic signal than external morphology. In addition, we wanted to know if morphology varies in relation to the habitat use and if there are different functional groups. We found differences in the degree of phylogenetic signal on the groups of traits. Interestingly, postaxial regions of the forelimb are evolutionarily more labile than the preaxial regions. Phylomorphospace plots show that arboreal (jumpers and graspers) and swimmer frogs cluster based on length of fingers and the lack of sesamoid, also reflected by the use of habitat. These functional clusters are also related to phylogeny. Sesamoid and flexor plate dimensions together with digit tendons showed to be important to discriminate functional groups as well as use of habitat classification. Our results allow us to identify a "grasping syndrome" in the hand of these frogs, where palmar sesamoid and flexor plate are absent and a third metacarpal with a bony knob are typical. Thus, a lighter skeleton, long fingers and a prensile hand may be key for arboreality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia De Oliveira-Lagôa
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales - Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo, Paraguay
| | - Félix B Cruz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente INIBIOMA (CONICET-UNCOMA) Quintral Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Débora L Moreno Azócar
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente INIBIOMA (CONICET-UNCOMA) Quintral Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Esteban O Lavilla
- Instituto de Herpetología, UEL (Fundación Miguel Lillo - CONICET), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Virginia Abdala
- Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical (UNT-CONICET) Horco Molle s/n Yerba Buena, Tucumán. Cátedra de Biología General, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, UNT, Tucumán, Argentina
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21
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Battles AC, Irschick DJ, Kolbe JJ. Do structural habitat modifications associated with urbanization influence locomotor performance and limb kinematics in Anolis lizards? Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractUrbanization significantly alters habitats for arboreal species, increasing the frequency of very smooth substrates by substituting artificial objects, such as metal poles and painted walls, for some trees. Because they experience these novel substrates more often, urban animals may use strategies to overcome challenges from substrate smoothness that animals from natural habitats do not. We assessed locomotor performance and two-dimensional hindlimb kinematics of two species of Anolis lizards (Anolis cristatellus and Anolis sagrei) from both urban and natural habitats in Miami, Florida. We ran lizards on six racetracks, crossing three substrates of increasing smoothness (rough bark, concrete blocks, and smooth, unpainted wood) with two inclinations (37° and vertical). We found that on vertical tracks with smooth substrates, lizards ran slower, took shorter strides and exhibited more contracted limb postures at the end of their stance than when running on the inclined track. Urban lizards, which are likely to be exposed more often to smooth substrates, did not adjust their movement to increase performance relative to lizards from natural habitats. This result, and the similarity of kinematic strategies between the two species, suggests the locomotor responses of lizards to substrate properties are highly conserved, which may be a mitigating factor that dampens or obviates the effects of natural selection on locomotor behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Battles
- University of Rhode Island, Biological Sciences, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Duncan J Irschick
- University of Massachusetts Amherst, Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Jason J Kolbe
- University of Rhode Island, Biological Sciences, Kingston, RI, USA
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22
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MacLeod KJ, Freidenfelds NA, Leighton GM, Langkilde T. Tree selection is linked to locomotor performance and associated noise production in a lizard. J Zool (1987) 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty J. MacLeod
- Department of Biology Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Mueller Laboratory Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA
| | | | | | - Tracy Langkilde
- Department of Biology Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Mueller Laboratory Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA
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23
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Gómez Alés R, Acosta JC, Astudillo V, Córdoba M, Blanco GM, Miles D. Effect of temperature on the locomotor performance of species in a lizard assemblage in the Puna region of Argentina. J Comp Physiol B 2018; 188:977-990. [PMID: 30288595 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-018-1185-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Locomotion is relevant to the ecology of reptiles because of its presumed influence on an organism's Darwinian fitness. Moreover, in ectothermic species, physiological performance capacity is affected by body temperature. We analyzed two components of locomotor performance in three species of lizards, Phymaturus extrilidus, Liolaemus parvus, and Liolaemus ruibali, in the Puna environment of Argentina. First, we estimated the thermal sensitivity of locomotion by measuring sprint speed at four different body temperatures. We included two measures of sprint speed: initial velocity and long sprint for sustained runs. Based on these data, we calculated the optimal temperature for performance and the optimal performance breadth. We also estimated endurance capacity at a single temperature. Maximum sprint speed for L. parvus was greater than L. ruibali and P. extrilidus in both initial velocity and long sprint. In contrast, L. parvus exhibited lower levels of endurance than L. ruibali and P. extrilidus. However, endurance in L. ruibali exceeded that of P. extrilidus. The species differed in the optimal temperature for the initial velocity with the lowest for L. ruibali (31.8 °C) followed by P. extrilidus (33.25 °C) and then L. parvus (36.25 °C). The optimal temperature for long sprint varied between 32 and 36 °C for all species. We found that all species attained maximum performance at body temperatures commonly experienced during daily activity, which was higher than the thermal quality of the environment. We found evidence for thermal sensitivity in locomotor performance in these species. However, we also show that the broad thermal breadth of performance suggests that the lizards are capable of sustaining near optimal levels of locomotor performance at ambient temperatures that would appear to be suboptimal. Thus, this lizard assemblage is capable of coping with the highly variable climatic conditions in the Puna region of Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Gómez Alés
- DIBIOVA (Gabinete Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (O), Rivadavia, J5402DCS, San Juan, Argentina. .,CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), San Juan, Argentina.
| | - Juan Carlos Acosta
- DIBIOVA (Gabinete Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (O), Rivadavia, J5402DCS, San Juan, Argentina.,CIGEOBIO-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (O), Rivadavia, J5402DCS, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Vanesa Astudillo
- DIBIOVA (Gabinete Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (O), Rivadavia, J5402DCS, San Juan, Argentina.,CIGEOBIO-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (O), Rivadavia, J5402DCS, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Mariela Córdoba
- DIBIOVA (Gabinete Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (O), Rivadavia, J5402DCS, San Juan, Argentina.,CIGEOBIO-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (O), Rivadavia, J5402DCS, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Graciela Mirta Blanco
- DIBIOVA (Gabinete Diversidad y Biología de Vertebrados del Árido), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (O), Rivadavia, J5402DCS, San Juan, Argentina.,CIGEOBIO-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (O), Rivadavia, J5402DCS, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Donald Miles
- Department of Biological Sciences, and Ohio Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
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24
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TULLI MJ, CRUZ FB. Are the number and size of scales inLiolaemuslizards driven by climate? Integr Zool 2018; 13:579-594. [DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María José TULLI
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (UEL-CONICET), Instituto de Herpetología, Fundación Miguel Lillo; San Miguel de Tucumán; Tucumán Argentina
| | - Félix B. CRUZ
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA) CONICET-UNCOMA; Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
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25
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D'Amore DC, Clulow S, Doody JS, Rhind D, McHenry CR. Claw morphometrics in monitor lizards: Variable substrate and habitat use correlate to shape diversity within a predator guild. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:6766-6778. [PMID: 30038773 PMCID: PMC6053582 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies investigate morphology in the context of habitat, and lizards have received particular attention. Substrate usage is often reflected in the morphology of characters associated with locomotion, and, as a result, claws have become well-studied ecomorphological traits linking the two. The Kimberley predator guild of Western Australia consists of 10 sympatric varanid species. The purpose of this study was to quantify claw size and shape in the guild using geometric morphometrics, and determine whether these features correlated with substrate use and habitat. Each species was assigned a Habitat/substrate group based on the substrate their claws interact with in their respective habitat. Claw morphometrics were derived for both wild caught and preserved specimens from museum collections, using a 2D semilandmark analysis. Claw shape significantly separated based on Habitat/substrate group. Varanus gouldii and Varanus panoptes claws were associated with sprinting and extensive digging. Varanus mertensi claws were for shallow excavation. The remaining species' claws reflected specialization for some form of climbing, and differed based on substrate compliance. Varanus glauerti was best adapted for climbing rough sandstone, whereas Varanus scalaris and Varanus tristis had claws ideal for puncturing wood. Phylogenetic signal also significantly influenced claw shape, with Habitat/substrate group limited to certain clades. Positive size allometry allowed for claws to cope with mass increases, and shape allometry reflected a potential size limit on climbing. Claw morphology may facilitate niche separation within this trophic guild, especially when considered with body size. As these varanids are generalist predators, morphological traits associated with locomotion may be more reliable candidates for detecting niche partitioning than those associated directly with diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Clulow
- School of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSWAustralia
- Department of Biological SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - J. Sean Doody
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South Florida– St. PetersburgSt. PetersburgFlorida
| | - David Rhind
- School of Biological SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVic.Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyMonash UniversityClaytonVic.Australia
| | - Colin R. McHenry
- School of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSWAustralia
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyMonash UniversityClaytonVic.Australia
- School of EngineeringUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSWAustralia
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27
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Sathe EA, Husak JF. Substrate-specific locomotor performance is associated with habitat use in six-lined racerunners (Aspidoscelis sexlineata). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik A Sathe
- Department of Biology, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jerry F Husak
- Department of Biology, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN, USA
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28
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Wild KH, Gienger CM. Fire-disturbed landscapes induce phenotypic plasticity in lizard locomotor performance. J Zool (1987) 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. H. Wild
- Department of Biology and Center of Excellence for Field Biology; Austin Peay State University; Clarksville TN USA
- Institute for Applied Ecology; University of Canberra; Canberra ACT Australia
| | - C. M. Gienger
- Department of Biology and Center of Excellence for Field Biology; Austin Peay State University; Clarksville TN USA
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29
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Hoskins AJ, Hare KM, Miller KA, Schumann N, Chapple DG. Repeatability, locomotor performance and trade-offs between performance traits in two lizard species, Oligosoma alani and O. smithi. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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30
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Fratani J, Ponssa ML, Abdala V. Tendinous framework of anurans reveals an all-purpose morphology. ZOOLOGY 2017; 126:172-184. [PMID: 29310934 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Tendons are directly associated with movement, amplifying power and reducing muscular work. Taking into account habitat and locomotor challenges faced by anurans, we identify the more conspicuous superficial tendons of a neotropical anuran group and investigate their relation to the former factors. We show that tendons can be visualized as an anatomical framework connected through muscles and/or fascia, and describe the most superficial tendinous layer of the postcranium of Leptodactylus latinasus. To analyze the relation between tendon morphology and ecological characters, we test the relative length ratio of 10 tendon-muscle (t-m) elements in 45 leptodactylid species while taking phylogeny into account. We identify the evolutionary model that best explains our variables. Additionally, we optimize t-m ratio values, and the shape of the longissimus dorsi insertion onto a selected phylogeny of the species. Our data show the existence of an all-purpose morphology that seems to have evolved independently of ecology and functional requirements. This is indicated by no significant relation between morphometric data of the analyzed tendons and habitat use or locomotion, a strong phylogenetic component to most of the analyzed variables, and a generalized pattern of intermediate values for ancestral states. Ornstein-Uhlenbeck is the model that best explains most t-m variables, indicating that stabilizing selection or selective optima might be driving shifts in tendon length within Leptodactylidae. Herein, we show the substantial influence that phylogeny has on tendon morphology, demonstrating that a generalized and stable morphological configuration of tendons is adequate to enable versatile locomotor modes and habitat use. This is an attempt to present the tendinous system as a framework to body support in vertebrates, and can be considered a starting point for further ecomorphological research of this anatomical system in anurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Fratani
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-Fundación Miguel Lillo), Tucumán, Argentina; Departamento de Vertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - María Laura Ponssa
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-Fundación Miguel Lillo), Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - Virginia Abdala
- Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical UNT-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
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31
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Instantaneous Versus Interval Speed Estimates of Maximum Locomotor Capacities for Whole-Organism Performance Studies. Evol Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-017-9426-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Soliz M, Tulli MJ, Abdala V. Osteological postcranial traits in hylid anurans indicate a morphological continuum between swimming and jumping locomotor modes. J Morphol 2017; 278:403-417. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Soliz
- CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa); Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Cátedra Vertebrados; Salta Argentina
| | - Maria J. Tulli
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (UEL)-CONICET-Instituto de Herpetología; Fundación Miguel Lillo; Tucumán Argentina
| | - Virginia Abdala
- Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical (IBN)-CONICET; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Cátedra Biología General; Tucumán Argentina
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Rothier PS, Brandt R, Kohlsdorf T. Ecological associations of autopodial osteology in Neotropical geckos. J Morphol 2017; 278:290-299. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila S. Rothier
- Department of Biology; FFCLRP/USP, Universidade de São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-901 Brazil
| | - Renata Brandt
- Department of Biology; FFCLRP/USP, Universidade de São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-901 Brazil
| | - Tiana Kohlsdorf
- Department of Biology; FFCLRP/USP, Universidade de São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-901 Brazil
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Savvides P, Stavrou M, Pafilis P, Sfenthourakis S. Tail autotomy affects bipedalism but not sprint performance in a cursorial Mediterranean lizard. Naturwissenschaften 2016; 104:3. [DOI: 10.1007/s00114-016-1425-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Stellatelli OA, Block C, Moreno-Azócar DL, Vega LE, Isacch JP, Cruz FB. Scale dependency of Liolaemus lizards' home range in response to different environmental variables. Curr Zool 2016; 62:521-530. [PMID: 29491942 PMCID: PMC5804249 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zow021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal habitat-use patterns cannot be isolated from scale issues. Consequently, multi-scale studies provide a complete characterization of ecological patterns that can further explain the observed variation. Liolaemus constitutes the world’s second most speciose lizard genus. In this study, we assessed the relationships between home range size and environmental variables at 3 different spatial scales. The study at a local and regional scale was focused on the habitat specialist Liolaemus multimaculatus. The lizard’s home range was calculated using the minimum convex polygon method in populations from grassland sites of the coastal sand dunes of the Argentinean Pampas under 2 different conditions, with or without forestations of Acacia longifolia. On the other hand, at a geographical scale we considered the evolutionary implications of 20 species of Liolaemus. Home range size, phylogeny, ecological, environmental, and climatic data were obtained from the literature and remote sensing. L. multimaculatus home range varied from 12.66 to 570.00 m. Regionally, this species had smaller home ranges in forested habitats (X¯: 94.02 m2) compared with the non-forested sites (X¯: 219.78 m2). Habitat structure, vegetation types, and food availability would explain the space use at finer scales. When the 20 species of Liolaemus were considered, high mean air temperature and broad thermal amplitudes showed an inverse relationship with home range size. Neither net primary productivity nor phylogeny was good predictors for home range variation at geographical scale. This study highlights the scale dependence of the explicative capability of a set of environmental and intrinsic variables on home range patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Aníbal Stellatelli
- Laboratorio de Vertebrados, Departamento de Biología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), CONICET-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Deán Funes 3250 (B7602AYJ) Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina and
| | - Carolina Block
- Laboratorio de Vertebrados, Departamento de Biología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), CONICET-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Deán Funes 3250 (B7602AYJ) Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina and
| | - Débora Lina Moreno-Azócar
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Quintral 1250, (8400) San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Laura Estela Vega
- Laboratorio de Vertebrados, Departamento de Biología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), CONICET-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Deán Funes 3250 (B7602AYJ) Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina and
| | - Juan Pablo Isacch
- Laboratorio de Vertebrados, Departamento de Biología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), CONICET-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Deán Funes 3250 (B7602AYJ) Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina and
| | - Félix Benjamín Cruz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Quintral 1250, (8400) San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina
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TULLI MJ, CRUZ FB, KOHLSDORF T, ABDALA V. When a general morphology allows many habitat uses. Integr Zool 2016; 11:483-499. [DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María J. TULLI
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET) Instituto de Herpetología; Fundación Miguel Lillo; Tucumán Argentina
| | - Félix B. CRUZ
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA) CONICET-UNCOMA; Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - Tiana KOHLSDORF
- Departamento de Biologia - FFCLRP; Universidade de São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - Virginia ABDALA
- Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical, UNT - CONICET, Cátedra de Biología General; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML; Tucumán Argentina
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Leyte-Manrique A, Hernández-Salinas U, Ramírez-Bautista A, Mata-Silva V, Marshall JC. Habitat use in eight populations of Sceloporus grammicus (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae) from the Mexican Plateau. Integr Zool 2016; 12:198-210. [PMID: 27734634 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Studies on habitat use have often helped explain observed variation in morphology, behavior and reproductive characteristics among populations within a single species. Here we analyze morphological and ecological characteristics of individuals from the Sceloporus grammicus species complex from 7 different localities (CER, El Cerezo; PAC, Pachuca; HUI, Huichapan; EZA, Emiliano Zapata; SMR, San Miguel Regla; LMJ, La Mojonera; and LMZ, La Manzana) in the state of Hidalgo, and one locality (Cahuacán) in the State of Mexico. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that females from PAC, EZA, LMZ, HUI, SMR and CAH populations use similar microhabitats characterized mostly by bare soil, in females from LMJ and CER use microhabitats characterized primarily by vegetation and rocks. Females were observed using 12 different types of perches. With regard to perch height use, the CCA showed that females from PAC, LMJ, LMZ, SMR, CER and CAH populations were correlated with height to nearest perch (HNP), in the rest of the females were not related to any perch use variable. In contrast, the CCA showed that males from PAC, LMJ and CAH were characterized by microhabitats with higher vegetal coverage, while males from LMZ and CER used microhabitats composed of bare soil, but males from HUI and SMR populations used microhabitats composed chiefly of bare soil and rocks. With respect to perch height use, the CCA showed that males from PAC, LMJ, EZA and LMZ were correlated with distance to the nearest perch, but the rest of the males were not correlated with any perch use variables. Males were observed in 9 different perch types. The males were larger than the females in all morphological variables analyzed. Moreover, in both sexes the snout-vent length is positively correlated with all morphological variables, and although both the slope and ordinate of the origin of all morphological variables were larger in males than females, the analysis of covariance indicated that there is no increase in the morphological variables with increasing SVL between sexes. Our results suggest that variation in habitat use and morphology among populations is an adaptive response (phenotypic plasticity) to the environmental conditions where these populations of Sceloporus grammicus occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Leyte-Manrique
- Laboratorio de Biología, Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Salvatierra, Salvatierra, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Uriel Hernández-Salinas
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR Unidad Durango, Sigma 119, Fraccionamiento 20 de Noviembre II, Durango, Durango 34220, México
| | - Aurelio Ramírez-Bautista
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Poblaciones, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km 4.5 carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Vicente Mata-Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Jonathon C Marshall
- Department of Zoology, Weber State University, 1415 Edvalson Street, Ogden, Utah, USA
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38
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Donihue C. Microgeographic variation in locomotor traits among lizards in a human-built environment. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1776. [PMID: 26989616 PMCID: PMC4793326 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Microgeographic variation in fitness-relevant traits may be more common than previously appreciated. The fitness of many vertebrates is directly related to their locomotor capacity, a whole-organism trait integrating behavior, morphology, and physiology. Because locomotion is inextricably related to context, I hypothesized that it might vary with habitat structure in a wide-ranging lizard, Podarcis erhardii, found in the Greek Cyclade Islands. I compared lizard populations living on human-built rock walls, a novel habitat with complex vertical structure, with nearby lizard populations that are naive to human-built infrastructure and live in flat, loose-substrate habitat. I tested for differences in morphology, behavior, and performance. Lizards from built sites were larger and had significantly (and relatively) longer forelimbs and hindlimbs. The differences in hindlimb morphology were especially pronounced for distal components—the foot and longest toe. These morphologies facilitated a significant behavioral shift in jumping propensity across a rocky experimental substrate. I found no difference in maximum velocity between these populations; however, females originating from wall sites potentially accelerated faster over the rocky experimental substrate. The variation between these closely neighboring populations suggests that the lizards inhabiting walls have experienced a suite of trait changes enabling them to take advantage of the novel habitat structure created by humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Donihue
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University , New Haven, CT , USA
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Ibargüengoytía NR, Cabezas-Cartes F, Boretto JM, Piantoni C, Kubisch EL, Fernández MS, Lara-Resendiz RA, Méndez-de la Cruz FR, Scolaro A, Sinervo B. Volcanic ash from Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruptions affects running performance and body condition ofPhymaturuslizards in Patagonia, Argentina. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nora R. Ibargüengoytía
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología e Historia de Vida de Reptiles; Departamento de Zoología; INIBIOMA-CONICET; Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Universidad Nacional del Comahue; San Carlos de Bariloche 8400 Río Negro Argentina
| | - Facundo Cabezas-Cartes
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología e Historia de Vida de Reptiles; Departamento de Zoología; INIBIOMA-CONICET; Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Universidad Nacional del Comahue; San Carlos de Bariloche 8400 Río Negro Argentina
| | - Jorgelina M. Boretto
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología e Historia de Vida de Reptiles; Departamento de Zoología; INIBIOMA-CONICET; Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Universidad Nacional del Comahue; San Carlos de Bariloche 8400 Río Negro Argentina
| | - Carla Piantoni
- Department of Physiology; Instituto de Biociências; Universidade de São Paulo; Rua do Matão Tr. 14 No. 321, CEP: 05508-900 São Paulo Brazil
| | - Erika L. Kubisch
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología e Historia de Vida de Reptiles; Departamento de Zoología; INIBIOMA-CONICET; Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Universidad Nacional del Comahue; San Carlos de Bariloche 8400 Río Negro Argentina
| | - Mariela S. Fernández
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología e Historia de Vida de Reptiles; Departamento de Zoología; INIBIOMA-CONICET; Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Universidad Nacional del Comahue; San Carlos de Bariloche 8400 Río Negro Argentina
| | - Rafael A. Lara-Resendiz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Earth and Marine Sciences Building; University of California; Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
- Laboratorio de Herpetología; Instituto de Biología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; D.F. 04510 México City México
| | - Fausto R. Méndez-de la Cruz
- Laboratorio de Herpetología; Instituto de Biología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; D.F. 04510 México City México
| | - Alejandro Scolaro
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco; Julio A. Roca 115 1° Piso - 9100 Trelew Chubut Argentina
| | - Barry Sinervo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Earth and Marine Sciences Building; University of California; Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
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40
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Parker SE, McBrayer LD. The effects of multiple obstacles on the locomotor behavior and performance of a terrestrial lizard. J Exp Biol 2016; 219:1004-13. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.120451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Negotiation of variable terrain is important for many small terrestrial vertebrates. Variation in the running surface due to obstacles (woody debris, vegetation, rocks) can alter escape paths and running performance. The ability to navigate obstacles likely influences survivorship via predator evasion success, and other key ecological tasks (finding mates, acquiring food). Earlier work established that running posture and sprint performance are altered when organisms face an obstacle, and yet studies involving multiple obstacles are limited. Indeed, some habitats are cluttered with obstacles, while others are not. For many species, obstacle density may be important in predator escape and/or colonization potential by conspecifics. This study examines how multiple obstacles influence running behavior and locomotor posture in lizards. We predict that an increasing number of obstacles will increase the frequency of pausing and decrease sprint velocity. Furthermore, bipedal running over multiple obstacles is predicted to maintain greater mean sprint velocity compared to quadrupedal running, thereby revealing a potential advantage of bipedalism. Lizards were filmed (300 fps) running through a racetrack with zero, one, or two obstacles. Bipedal running posture over one obstacle was significantly faster than quadrupedal posture. Bipedal running trials contained fewer total strides than quadrupedal ones. But as obstacle number increased, the number of bipedal strides decreased. Increasing obstacle number led to slower and more intermittent locomotion. Bipedalism provided clear advantages for one obstacle, but was not associated with further benefits on additional obstacles. Hence, bipedalism helps mitigate obstacle negotiation, but not when numerous obstacles are encountered in succession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth E. Parker
- Collections Manager, Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science, 119 Foster Hall, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge LA 70803, USA
| | - Lance D. McBrayer
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8042-1, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA
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41
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Kolbe JJ, Battles AC, Avilés‐Rodríguez KJ. City slickers: poor performance does not deter
Anolis
lizards from using artificial substrates in human‐modified habitats. Funct Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason J. Kolbe
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Rhode Island Kingston Rhode IslandUSA
| | - Andrew C. Battles
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Rhode Island Kingston Rhode IslandUSA
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42
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Olberding JP, Herrel A, Higham TE, Garland T. Limb segment contributions to the evolution of hind limb length in phrynosomatid lizards. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey P. Olberding
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue; SCA110, Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Anthony Herrel
- Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité; Muséum National d’ Histoire Naturelle; Paris France
- Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates; Ghent University; K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 B-9000 Gent Belgium
| | - Timothy E. Higham
- Department of Biology; University of California; 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Theodore Garland
- Department of Biology; University of California; 900 University Avenue Riverside CA 92521 USA
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43
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Sathe EA, Husak JF. Sprint sensitivity and locomotor trade-offs in green anole (Anolis carolinensis) lizards. J Exp Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.116053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
How well an organism completes an ecologically relevant task – its performance – is often considered a key factor in determining individual fitness. Historically, ecomorphological studies have examined how morphological traits determine individual performance in a static manner, assuming that differential fitness in a population is due indirectly to differences in morphological traits that determine a simple measure of performance. This assumption, however, ignores many ecological factors that can constrain performance in nature, such as substrate variation and individual behavior. We examined some of these complexities in the morphology–performance–fitness paradigm, primarily the impact that substrate variation has on performance. We measured maximal sprint speed of green anole lizards on four substrates that varied in size and complexity and are used by or available to individuals in nature. Performance decreased significantly from a broad substrate to a narrow substrate, and lizards were three times slower on a complex substrate than the broadest substrate. We also detected trade-offs in running on substrates with different diameters and in cluttered versus uncluttered environments. Furthermore, morphological predictors of performance varied among substrates. This indicates that natural selection may act on different morphological traits, depending on which substrates are used by individuals, as well as an individual's ability to cope with changes in substrate rather than maximal capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik A. Sathe
- Department of Biology, University of St. Thomas, 2115 Summit Avenue, St Paul, MN 55105, USA
| | - Jerry F. Husak
- Department of Biology, University of St. Thomas, 2115 Summit Avenue, St Paul, MN 55105, USA
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44
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Effects of Hind-Limb Length and Perch Diameter on Clinging Performance inAnolisLizards from the British Virgin Islands. J HERPETOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1670/13-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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45
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Brandt R, Galvani F, Kohlsdorf T. Sprint performance of a generalist lizard running on different substrates: grip matters. J Zool (1987) 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Brandt
- Department of Biology; FFCLRP; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - F. Galvani
- Department of Biology; FFCLRP; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - T. Kohlsdorf
- Department of Biology; FFCLRP; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Sao Paulo Brazil
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46
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Vanhooydonck B, Measey J, Edwards S, Makhubo B, Tolley KA, Herrel A. The effects of substratum on locomotor performance in lacertid lizards. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bieke Vanhooydonck
- Department of Biology; University of Antwerp; Universiteitsplein 1 B-2610 Antwerpen Belgium
| | - John Measey
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology; University of Stellenbosch; Matieland 7602 South Africa
| | - Shelley Edwards
- South African National Biodiversity Institute; Kirstenbosch Research Centre; Private Bag X7 Claremont 7735 Cape Town South Africa
- Department of Botany and Zoology; University of Stellenbosch; Matieland 7602 South Africa
| | - Buyisile Makhubo
- National Museum, Bloemfontein; PO Box 266 Bloemfontein 9300 South Africa
| | - Krystal A. Tolley
- South African National Biodiversity Institute; Kirstenbosch Research Centre; Private Bag X7 Claremont 7735 Cape Town South Africa
- Department of Botany and Zoology; University of Stellenbosch; Matieland 7602 South Africa
| | - Anthony Herrel
- Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité; UMR 7179 CNRS/MNHN; 57 rue Cuvier, Case postale 55 Paris 75231 Cedex 5 France
- Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates; Ghent University; K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 B-9000 Gent Belgium
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47
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Abdala V, Tulli MJ, Russell AP, Powell GL, Cruz FB. Anatomy of the Crus and Pes of Neotropical Iguanian Lizards in Relation to Habitat use and Digitally Based Grasping Capabilities. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2014; 297:397-409. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Abdala
- Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical CONICET -; UNT San Miguel de Tucuman Argentina
- Instituto de Herpetología CONICET -; Fundacion Miguel Lillo, San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina
| | - María José Tulli
- Instituto de Herpetología CONICET -; Fundacion Miguel Lillo, San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina
| | - Anthony P. Russell
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Calgary; 2500 University Drive N.W. Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - George L. Powell
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Calgary; 2500 University Drive N.W. Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Félix B. Cruz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA) CONICET-UNCOMA; San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
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48
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Fontanarrosa G, Abdala V. Anatomical analysis of the lizard carpal bones in the terms of skilled manual abilities. ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/azo.12056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Fontanarrosa
- Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; UNT - CONICET. Miguel Lillo 251; 4000 Tucumán República Argentina
| | - Virginia Abdala
- Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; UNT - CONICET. Miguel Lillo 251; 4000 Tucumán República Argentina
- Cátedra de Biología General; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML; UNT. Miguel Lillo 205 4000 Tucumán República Argentina
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49
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Cabezas-Cartes F, Kubisch EL, Ibargüengoytía NR. Consequences of volcanic ash deposition on the locomotor performance of thePhymaturus spectabilislizard from Patagonia, Argentina. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 321:164-72. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.1846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Facundo Cabezas-Cartes
- Departamento de Zoología; Laboratorio de Ecofisiología e Historia de Vida de Reptiles; INIBIOMA-CONICET; Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Universidad Nacional del Comahue; San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - Erika Leticia Kubisch
- Departamento de Zoología; Laboratorio de Ecofisiología e Historia de Vida de Reptiles; INIBIOMA-CONICET; Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Universidad Nacional del Comahue; San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - Nora Ruth Ibargüengoytía
- Departamento de Zoología; Laboratorio de Ecofisiología e Historia de Vida de Reptiles; INIBIOMA-CONICET; Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche; Universidad Nacional del Comahue; San Carlos de Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
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50
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Rock-dwelling lizards exhibit less sensitivity of sprint speed to increases in substrate rugosity. ZOOLOGY 2013; 116:151-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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