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Jacobsen F, Pushpadevan R, Viehweger F, Freytag M, Schlichter R, Gorbokon N, Büscheck F, Luebke AM, Putri D, Kluth M, Hube-Magg C, Hinsch A, Höflmayer D, Fraune C, Bernreuther C, Lebok P, Sauter G, Minner S, Steurer S, Simon R, Burandt E, Dum D, Lutz F, Marx AH, Krech T, Clauditz TS. Cadherin-17 (CDH17) expression in human cancer: A tissue microarray study on 18,131 tumors. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155175. [PMID: 38452580 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Cadherin-17 (CDH17) is a membranous cell adhesion protein predominantly expressed in intestinal epithelial cells. CDH17 is therefore considered a possible diagnostic and therapeutic target. This study was to comprehensively determine the expression of CDH17 in cancer and to further assess the diagnostic utility of CDH17 immunohistochemistry (IHC). A tissue microarray containing 14,948 interpretable samples from 150 different tumor types and subtypes as well as 76 different normal tissue types was analyzed by IHC. In normal tissues, a membranous CDH17 staining was predominantly seen in the epithelium of the intestine and pancreatic excretory ducts. In tumors, 53 of 150 analyzed categories showed CDH17 positivity including 26 categories with at least one strongly positive case. CDH17 positivity was most common in epithelial and neuroendocrine colorectal neoplasms (50.0%-100%), other gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas (42.7%-61.6%), mucinous ovarian cancer (61.1%), pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (28.6%), cervical adenocarcinoma (52.6%), bilio-pancreatic adenocarcinomas (40.5-69.8%), and other neuroendocrine neoplasms (5.6%-100%). OnIy 9.9% of 182 pulmonary adenocarcinomas were CDH17 positive. In colorectal adenocarcinomas, reduced CDH17 staining was linked to high pT (p = 0.0147), nodal metastasis (p = 0.0041), V1 (p = 0.0025), L1 (p = 0.0054), location in the right colon (p = 0.0033), and microsatellite instability (p < 0.0001). The CDH17 expression level was unrelated to tumor phenotype in gastric and pancreatic cancer. In summary, our comprehensive overview on CDH17 expression in human tumors identified various tumor entities that might often benefit from anti-CDH17 therapies and suggest utility of CDH17 IHC for the distinction of metastatic gastrointestinal or bilio-pancreatic adenocarcinomas (often positive) from primary pulmonary adenocarcinomas (mostly negative).
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ramesh Pushpadevan
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Viehweger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Morton Freytag
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ria Schlichter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Gorbokon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Devita Putri
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lutz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas H Marx
- Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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A panel of intestinal differentiation markers (CDX2, GPA33, and LI-cadherin) identifies gastric cancer patients with favourable prognosis. Gastric Cancer 2020; 23:811-823. [PMID: 32215766 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-020-01064-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third cause of global cancer mortality. CDX2 is an intestinal differentiation marker with prognostic value in gastric cancer and transcriptionally regulates the expression of glycoprotein A33 (GPA33) and liver intestine cadherin (LI-cadherin). METHODS This study evaluated the clinical significance of the combined expression of CDX2 and its targets GPA33 and LI-cadherin in gastric cancer by fluorescence-based multiplex immunohistochemistry together with digital image analysis and chromogenic immunohistochemistry in 329 gastric cancer samples arranged in tissue microarrays. Additionally, publicly available RNA-seq expression data from 354 gastric cancer samples from the TCGA database were used to validate the immunohistochemistry results. RESULTS Expression of the three markers (CDX2, GPA33, and LI-cadherin) was strongly correlated, defining an intestinal differentiation panel. Low or negative protein expression of the intestinal differentiation panel identified patients with particularly poor overall survival, irrespective of the methodology used, and was validated in the independent series at the RNA-seq level. CONCLUSIONS Expression of the intestinal differentiation panel (CDX2, GPA33, and LI-cadherin) defines a set of biomarkers with a strong biological rationale and favourable impact for prognostication of gastric cancer patients.
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Yu Q, Shen W, Zhou H, Dong W, Gao D. Knockdown of LI-cadherin alters expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 and galectin-3. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4469-74. [PMID: 27035870 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver-intestine cadherin (LI-cadherin), a novel member of the cadherin family, has been associated with the ability of a tumor to acquire an aggressive phenotype in several types of cancer. However, the exact function of LI-cadherin in the process of tumor invasion and metastasis remains predominantly unknown. To explore the effect of LI-cadherin on the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9 and galectin-3 in LoVo human colorectal cancer cells, a RNA interference technique was applied to suppress the expression of LI‑cadherin. Subsequently, the mRNA levels and activities of MMP-2 and -9 were analyzed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and gelatin zymography, respectively. Additionally, the protein expression level of galectin-3 was determined by western blot analysis. The results of the present study demonstrated that short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-silencing of LI-cadherin significantly increased the mRNA levels and activities of MMP‑2 and ‑9, and significantly reduced the protein levels of galectin‑3 in LoVo cells compared with control shRNA (P<0.05). These data indicate that knockdown of LI‑cadherin facilitates the invasion of cancer cells by degrading extracellular matrix components via activation of MMP‑2 and ‑9, and increases cancer cell adhesion and migration via altered expression of galectin‑3. This suggests that LI‑cadherin serves an important role in the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer, and may be used as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongfang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Huangyan Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Dian Gao
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Long ZW, Zhou ML, Fu JW, Chu XQ, Wang YN. Association between cadherin-17 expression and pathological characteristics of gastric cancer: A meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:3694-3705. [PMID: 25834338 PMCID: PMC4375595 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i12.3694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To construct a meta-analysis in order to examine the relationship between cadherin-17 (CDH17) and gastric cancer (GC).
METHODS: Related articles were selected by searching the following English or Chinese electronic databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, Science Citation Index, the Chinese Journal Full-Text, and the Weipu Journal. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) criteria were used to ensure consistency in reviewing and reporting results. Statistical analyses were conducted with Version 12.0 STATA statistical software.
RESULTS: Ultimately, 11 articles, with a total of 2,120 GC patients, were found to be eligible for study inclusion. In comparisons of GC patients by TNM stage (III-IV vs I-II: OR = 2.35, 95%CI: 1.15-4.825, P = 0.019), histologic grade (3-4 vs 1-2: OR = 3.48, 95%CI: 1.36-8.92, P = 0.009), invasion grade (T3-4 vs T1-2: OR = 2.86; 95%CI: 1.69-4.83; P = 0.000), and lymph node metastasis (positive vs negative: OR = 2.64; 95%CI: 1.33-5.27; P = 0.006), it was found that CDH17 showed more positive expressions in each of the more severe cases. Country-stratified analyses from all four experimental subgroups showed that high CDH17 expression levels may be related to GC among Chinese and Korean populations (all P < 0.05), with the exception of the invasion grade T3-4 vs T1-2 comparison, where the relation only held among the Chinese population (OR = 2.86, 95%CI: 1.69-4.83, P = 0.000).
CONCLUSION: Collectively, the data reflects the capacity of CDH17 in tumor proliferation and metastasis among GC patients.
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Aberrant Loss of Dickkopf-3 in Gastric Cancer: Can It Predict Lymph Node Metastasis Preoperatively? World J Surg 2015; 39:1018-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00268-014-2886-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Johnson A, Wright JP, Zhao Z, Komaya T, Parikh A, Merchant N, Shi C. Cadherin 17 is frequently expressed by 'sclerosing variant' pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour. Histopathology 2014; 66:225-33. [PMID: 25307987 DOI: 10.1111/his.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Recently, we described a series of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PanNETs) featuring prominent stromal fibrosis, which we called sclerosing PanNETs. The aim of this study was to examine the pathological, immunophenotypic and clinical differences between sclerosing and non-sclerosing PanNETs. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred and six PanNETs were identified, of which 15 (14%) were sclerosing NETs. Tissue microarrays containing 44 non-sclerosing and five sclerosing PanNETs, as well as sections from 10 additional sclerosing tumours, were immunohistochemically labelled for serotonin, CDX2, CDH17, and islet 1. Sclerosing PanNETs were smaller (P = 0.045) and more likely to show an infiltrative growth pattern (P < 0.001) than non-sclerosing PanNETs. They were frequently associated with a large pancreatic duct, causing duct stenosis. Additionally, we found significantly increased expression of the small intestinal NET markers serotonin, CDX2 and CDH17 in sclerosing PanNETs (P < 0.001) as compared with non-sclerosing PanNETs. No difference in clinical outcome was found; however, more sclerosing PanNETs were stage IIB or above (P = 0.035), with lymph node metastasis being seen in three of nine sclerosing PanNETs with a tumour size of <20 mm. CONCLUSIONS Sclerosing PanNETs have distinct pathological features and biomarker expression profiles. In addition, lymph node metastasis can be present even with small sclerosing PanNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Johnson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Gu CH, Shang GC, Li R, Tian SX, Chen WG, Zheng Y. Significance of expression of Li-cadherin in gastric adenocarcinoma in Xinjiang Kazakh and Han patients. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:1280-1284. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i9.1280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the significance of expression of Li-cadherin in gastric adenocarcinoma in Xinjiang Kazakh and Han patients.
METHODS: The mRNA and protein expression of CDH17 was detected by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemisty in 30 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and 20 normal gastric mucosal tissues from Kazakh patients, as well as 30 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and 20 normal gastric mucosal tissues from Han patients.
RESULTS: The expression level of CDH17 mRNA was significantly higher in gastric adenocarcinoma than in normal gastric mucosal tissue in Kazakh patients (1.22 ± 0.22 vs 2.37 ± 0.30, P < 0.001). In Kakzkh patients, the positive expression rate of CDH17 protein was 70.0% in gastric adenocarcinoma, and 0 in the normal gastric mucosal tissue. No correlation was found between expression of CDH17 protein and sex, age, or tumor differentiation in gastric adenocarcinoma in Kazakh patients. There was no significant difference in the expression of CDH17 in tumor or normal tissues between Kazakh and Han patients.
CONCLUSION: The expression of CDH17 in gastric adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in normal gastric mucosal tissues in Kazakh patients, suggesting that CDH17 may play an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric adenocarcinoma in Xinjiang Kazakh patients. There was no significant difference in the expression of CDH17 between Kazakh and Han patients.
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Bernhard OK, Greening DW, Barnes TW, Ji H, Simpson RJ. Detection of cadherin-17 in human colon cancer LIM1215 cell secretome and tumour xenograft-derived interstitial fluid and plasma. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2013; 1834:2372-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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The contribution of cell phenotype to the behavior of gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2013; 16:462-71. [PMID: 23329390 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-012-0208-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several histochemical studies suggest a role of tumor cell phenotype and related differentiation markers in the prognostic assessment of gastric cancer. Unfortunately, most studies have dealt with single or a few markers and have paid limited attention to their interplay with tumor histological types, which are potentially informative of prognosis. METHODS In this study, 292 invasive (T1b to T4) gastric cancers with prolonged follow-up and carefully analyzed histotype, inclusive of histotype-based grade, were investigated histochemically with a panel of 14 phenotypic markers known to be expressed in normal gut tissues and gastric cancer. RESULTS Three of seven intestinal type markers investigated showed a trend for improved prognosis, one of which, CDX2, was stage independent. Three among gastric and pancreatobiliary duct markers (MUC1, MUC6, and pepsinogen II), predicted more severe prognosis stage independently, as did a combination of eight potentially informative (p < 0.1 at univariable Cox analysis) markers. Cancers with predominantly intestinal phenotype had significantly better prognosis than those with predominantly gastric, mixed, or poorly defined phenotypes; among the latter, those with high lymphocyte response, with favorable outcome, were separated from anaplastic cancers, with ominous prognosis. At multivariable analysis, CDX2 and the eight marker combination proved to be stage- and grade-independent predictors. CONCLUSIONS When individually considered, and with the exception of CDX2, the biomarkers investigated gave an appreciable, although moderate, contribution to the prognostic evaluation of gastric cancer. Combined analysis of all potentially informative markers gave more important information, highly additive to both stage and histotype-based grade.
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Ichikawa H, Kanda T, Kosugi SI, Kawachi Y, Sasaki H, Wakai T, Kondo T. Laser microdissection and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis reveal the role of a novel macrophage-capping protein in lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:3780-91. [PMID: 23782053 DOI: 10.1021/pr400439m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To reveal the proteomic background of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in gastric cancer, we performed a proteomic study of tumor and matched nontumor tissues obtained from surgically resected specimens of 22 patients with or without LNM. Using laser microdissection, we recovered specific populations of tumor and nontumor cells. We used two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis with a large format electrophoresis apparatus to obtain protein expression profiles consisting of 3228 protein spots, and we classified them according to their expression pattern. We found that macrophage-capping protein (CapG) was up-regulated in the tumor tissues of patients with LNM, whereas it showed an equivalent expression level between nontumor and tumor tissues of patients without LNM. It was reported that CapG associated with invasion and metastasis in various malignancies. However, CapG was not investigated in gastric cancer until our study. Western blotting of the laser microdissected tissue samples confirmed up-regulation of CapG in the tumor tissues of patients with LNM. Functional assays demonstrated that CapG promoted tumor cell invasion, but not cell proliferation. The association between CapG expression and LNM is a novel finding in gastric cancer. Further investigation for a prognostic utility of CapG may lead to a risk stratification therapy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ichikawa
- Division of Pharmacoproteomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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Ryu KH, Shim KN, Jung SA, Yoo K, Joo YH, Lee JH. Significance of preoperative tissue levels of vascular-endothelial cadherin, liver-intestine cadherin and vascular endothelial growth factor in gastric cancer. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2013; 60:229-41. [PMID: 23089909 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2012.60.4.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The aims of this study were to examine the expressions of endothelium specific VE-cadherin, intestine specific LI-cadherin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and to determine their relationships with the clinicopathological parameters of gastric cancer. METHODS A total 47 patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery were enrolled. Endoscopic biopsies were obtained from the cancer and normal mucosa, respectively. Using semiquantitative RT-PCR, the mRNA expression levels of VE-cadherin, LI-cadherin and VEGF were measured by tumor/normal (T/N) ratios. The protein expressions of VE-cadherin, LI-cadherin and VEGF were examined by Western blot and immunohistochemical stain in surgically resected tissues. The clinicopathological variables were reviewed and analyzed, retrospectively. RESULTS Twenty two cases (46.8%) of VE-cadherin, 25 cases (53.2%) of LI-cadherin and 27 cases (51.1%) of VEGF mRNA expressions were overexpressed in gastric cancer compared to normal tissue. There was a tendency for T/N ratio of VE-cadherin mRNA to correlate with the lymphatic invasion (p=0.07) and the lymph node metastasis (p=0.099) in advanced gastric cancer. The T/N ratio of LI-cadherin mRNA showed significant association with distant metastasis (p=0.031) and lymphatic invasion especially in advanced gastric cancer (p=0.023). There was a tendency for the T/N ratio of VEGF mRNA to correlate with the distant metastasis (p=0.073) in advanced gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS As increased mRNA expression of LI-cadherin was associated with distant metastasis and lymphatic invasion especially in the biopsy specimen of advanced gastric cancer before surgery, it may provide useful preoperative information on tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kum Hei Ryu
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Detection, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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12
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Qiu HB, Zhang LY, Ren C, Zeng ZL, Wu WJ, Luo HY, Zhou ZW, Xu RH. Targeting CDH17 suppresses tumor progression in gastric cancer by downregulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56959. [PMID: 23554857 PMCID: PMC3598811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Patients usually present late with local invasion or metastasis, for which there are no effective therapies available. Following previous studies that identified the adhesion molecule Cadherin-17(CDH17) as a potential marker for gastric carcinoma, we performed proof-of-principle studies to develop rational therapeutic approaches targeting CDH17 for treating this disease. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to study the expression of CDH17 in 156 gastric carcinomas, and the relationship between survival and CDH17 expression was studied by multivariate analyses. The effect of RNA interference-mediated knockdown of CDH17 on proliferation of gastric carcinoma cell lines was examined in vitro and in vivo, as well as the effects on downstream signaling by immunoblotting. RESULTS CDH17 was consistently up-regulated in human gastric cancers, and overall survival in patients with CDH17 upregulation was poorer than in those without expression of this gene (5 yrs overall survival rate 29.0% vs. 45.0%, P<0.01). Functional assays demonstrated that CDH17 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, invasion, clonogenicity and induce G0/G1 arrest. In mice, shRNA-mediated CDH17 knockdown markedly inhibits tumor growth; intratumoral injection of CDH17 shRNAs results in significant antitumor effects on transplanted tumor models. The antitumor mechanisms underlying CDH17 inhibition involve inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. CONCLUSION Our results identify CDH17 as a biomarker of gastric carcinoma and attractive therapeutic target for this aggressive malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-bo Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Gastric and Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Li-yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhao-lei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-yan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Gastric and Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui-hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail:
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Involvement of liver-intestine cadherin in cancer progression. Med Mol Morphol 2013; 46:1-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00795-012-0003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Sakamoto N, Oue N, Sentani K, Anami K, Uraoka N, Naito Y, Oo HZ, Hinoi T, Ohdan H, Yanagihara K, Aoyagi K, Sasaki H, Yasui W. Liver-intestine cadherin induction by epidermal growth factor receptor is associated with intestinal differentiation of gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2012; 103:1744-50. [PMID: 22676223 PMCID: PMC7659384 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2012.02353.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) molecule is very important in GC progression. To examine the correlation between EGFR and GC-related genes, we analyzed gene expression profiles of HT-29 cells treated with EGFR ligands and identified six genes upregulated by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-α treatment. Among these, we focused on cadherin 17 (CDH17) encoding liver-intestine cadherin (LI-cadherin). Expression of LI-cadherin was induced by both EGF and TGF-α, as detected by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. A luciferase assay showed that LI-cadherin promoter activity was enhanced by EGF or TGF-α in both HT-29 cells and MKN-74 GC cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of 152 GC cases showed that out of 58 LI-cadherin-positive cases, 24 (41%) cases were also positive for EGFR, whereas out of 94 LI-cadherin-negative cases, only 9 (10%) cases were positive for EGFR (P < 0.0001). Double-immunofluorescence staining revealed that EGFR and LI-cadherin were coexpressed. Significant correlation was found between LI-cadherin expression and advanced T grade and N grade. Both EGFR and LI-cadherin expression were more frequently found in GC cases with an intestinal mucin phenotype than in cases with a gastric mucin phenotype. These results indicate that, in addition to the known intestinal transcription factor caudal type homeobox 2, EGFR activation induces LI-cadherin expression and participates in intestinal differentiation of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
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Panarelli NC, Yantiss RK, Yeh MM, Liu Y, Chen YT. Tissue-specific cadherin CDH17 is a useful marker of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas with higher sensitivity than CDX2. Am J Clin Pathol 2012; 138:211-22. [PMID: 22904132 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpkshxi3xehw1j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadherin 17 (CDH17) is a cell adhesion molecule expressed in intestinal epithelium and transcriptionally regulated by CDX2. We compared the usefulness of CDH17 as an immunohistochemical intestinal marker to that of CDX2 in gastrointestinal and extragastrointestinal carcinomas and nonneoplastic tissues. Nonneoplastic intestinal and pancreatic duct epithelia were CDH17-positive. Most esophageal (79%), gastric (86%), and colonic (99%) adenocarcinomas were CDH17-positive/CDX2-positive, whereas 1% of colonic, 18% of esophageal, and 10% of gastric adenocarcinomas were CDH17-negative/CDX2-negative. Rare colonic, esophageal, and gastric adenocarcinomas were CDH17-positive/CDX2-negative (1%, 3%, and 4%, respectively), and none were CDH17-negative/CDX2-positive. Diffuse CDH17 was also observed in all metastatic colon carcinomas, 20% of which were only focally CDX2-positive. Of intestinal low-grade neuroendocrine tumors, 74% coexpressed CDX2 and CDH17. CDH17 was also positive in 12% of pancreatic and 24% of bronchial neuroendocrine tumors, all of which were CDX2-negative. Pancreatic adenocarcinomas and cholangiocarcinomas were more frequently CDH17-positive than CDX2-positive (50% vs 27%, 53% vs 27%). One (2%) hepatocellular carcinoma was CDH17-positive/CDX2-negative. Nine percent of non-small cell lung cancers and 7% of endometrial carcinomas were CDH17-positive, whereas 3% of lung, 5% of endometrial, 3% of ovarian, and 2% of breast carcinomas were CDX2-positive. Thus, CDH17 is slightly more sensitive than CDX2 when detecting gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C. Panarelli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Rhonda K. Yantiss
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Matthew M. Yeh
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Yifang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Yao-Tseng Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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16
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Lee HJ, Nam KT, Park HS, Kim MA, LaFleur BJ, Aburatani H, Yang HK, Kim WH, Goldenring JR. Gene expression profiling of metaplastic lineages identifies CDH17 as a prognostic marker in early stage gastric cancer. Gastroenterology 2010; 139:213-25.e3. [PMID: 20398667 PMCID: PMC2917327 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Revised: 03/28/2010] [Accepted: 04/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Intestinal metaplasia (IM) and spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) are precursors to gastric carcinogenesis. We sought to identify molecular biomarkers of gastric metaplasias and gastric cancer by gene expression profiling of metaplastic lesions from patients. METHODS Complementary DNA microarray analysis was performed on IM and SPEM cells isolated from patient samples using laser capture microdissection. Up-regulated transcripts in metaplastic lesions were confirmed by immunostaining analysis in IM, SPEM, and gastric cancer tissues. Proteins that were highly expressed specifically in gastric cancer tissues were analyzed for their association with survival in a test set (n = 450) and a validation set (n = 502) of samples from gastric cancer patients. RESULTS Compared with normal chief cells, 858 genes were differentially expressed in IM or SPEM samples. Immunostaining was detected for 12 proteins, including 3 new markers of IM (ACE2, LGALS4, AKR1B10) and 3 of SPEM (OLFM4, LYZ, DPCR1). Of 13 proteins expressed in IM or SPEM, 8 were expressed by 17%-50% of human gastric cancer tissues (MUC13, OLFM4, CDH17, KRT20, MUC5AC, LGALS4, AKR1B10, REG4). Expression of CDH17 or MUC13 correlated with patient survival in the test and validation sets. Multivariate analysis showed that CDH17 was an independent prognostic factor in patients with stage I or node-negative disease. CONCLUSIONS We identified several novel biomarkers for IM, SPEM, and gastric cancer using gene expression profiling of human metaplastic lesions. Expression of CDH17 and MUC13 was up-regulated in gastric cancer tissues. CDH17 is a promising prognostic marker for early stage gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Joon Lee
- Department of Surgery and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University College of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee,Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Taek Nam
- Department of Surgery and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University College of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee,Nashville Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Heae Surng Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min A Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bonnie J. LaFleur
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Han-Kwang Yang
- Department of Surgery and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Ho Kim
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - James R. Goldenring
- Department of Surgery and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University College of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee,Nashville Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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17
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Aresu L, Pregel P, Zanetti R, Caliari D, Biolatti B, Castagnaro M. E-cadherin and β-catenin expression in canine colorectal adenocarcinoma. Res Vet Sci 2010; 89:409-14. [PMID: 20457460 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 04/06/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin and its associated cytoplasmic proteins, including β-catenin, have been examined as potential oncogenic markers due to the significant correlation between tumour dedifferentiation and the invasive capacity of epithelial tumours. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin in canine colorectal cancer using immunohistochemistry and to examine the relationship between this expression and various clinicopathological variables. The expression pattern of E-cadherin and β-catenin was investigated in 44 colorectal canine carcinomas. In the intestinal mucosa of noncancerous areas, epithelial cells demonstrated equally strong membranous expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin localised to the cell-cell junctions. Reduced expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin was demonstrated in 75% and 81.8% of the colorectal carcinoma cases, respectively. The down-regulation of both E-cadherin and β-catenin was correlated with decreased differentiation and increased tumour grade. In addition, the expression of β-catenin was correlated with tumour size. These results suggest that dysfunction of the E-cadherin-catenin complex starts in the early stages of carcinogenesis and that the disruption of the tissue architecture is progressively associated with the invasion of the tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Aresu
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Patologia Comparata e Igiene Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Agripolis, Padova, Italy.
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Liu LX, Lee NP, Chan VW, Xue W, Zender L, Zhang C, Mao M, Dai H, Wang XL, Xu MZ, Lee TK, Ng IO, Chen Y, Kung HF, Lowe SW, Poon RTP, Wang JH, Luk JM. Targeting cadherin-17 inactivates Wnt signaling and inhibits tumor growth in liver carcinoma. Hepatology 2009; 50:1453-63. [PMID: 19676131 PMCID: PMC3328302 DOI: 10.1002/hep.23143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy for which there are no effective therapies. To develop rational therapeutic approaches for treating this disease, we are performing proof-of-principle studies targeting molecules crucial for the development of HCC. Here, we show that cadherin-17 (CDH17) adhesion molecule is up-regulated in human liver cancers and can transform premalignant liver progenitor cells to produce liver carcinomas in mice. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of CDH17 inhibited proliferation of both primary and highly metastatic HCC cell lines in vitro and in vivo. The antitumor mechanisms underlying CDH17 inhibition involve inactivation of Wnt signaling, because growth inhibition and cell death were accompanied by relocalization of beta-catenin to the cytoplasm and a concomitant reduction in cyclin D1 and an increase in retinoblastoma. CONCLUSION Our results identify CDH17 as a novel oncogene in HCC and suggest that CDH17 is a biomarker and attractive therapeutic target for this aggressive malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xiao Liu
- Department of Surgery and Center for Cancer Research, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Canavese G, Bernardi A, Candelaresi G, Lovadina P, Amerio S, Rossetti V, Rabagliati C, Berardengo E. Expression of the E-cadherin-catenins complex in sentinel node is related to tumor morphology but not to spread to nonsentinel nodes. Pathol Res Pract 2007; 203:517-23. [PMID: 17576040 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2007.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2006] [Revised: 03/06/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2007] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The sentinel node (SN) technique has gained a key role in breast cancer surgery, allowing for an accurate staging of the axillary status with a minimally invasive resection. In this study, we explored the implication of three proteins (E-cadherin, a- and b-catenins) that form the cadherin-catenin complex, a receptorial structure strictly involved in tumoral vascular invasion and embolization in this biologic event. We studied the immunohistochemical expression of the complex in patients with metastatic SN, matching the group with involved nonsentinel lymph nodes (NSNs) with that having free axillary NSNs. The simultaneous staining of the SN metastases for the three proteins has been considered an indicator of preserved function. Our data confirmed the lack of cadherin-catenin complex in tumors with lobular morphology even in SN metastasis, but statistical evaluation could not prove a significant relation between complex integrity and NSN involvement. Moreover, considering traditional histopathologic parameters, only vascular peritumoral embolization was related to an increased risk of metastatic spread to axillary NSNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Canavese
- Department of Pathology, Ospedale S. Giovanni Antica Sede, Via Cavour 31,Torino, Italy.
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