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Petroni M, La Monica V, Fabretti F, Augusto M, Battaglini D, Polonara F, Di Giulio S, Giannini G. The Multiple Faces of the MRN Complex: Roles in Medulloblastoma and Beyond. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3599. [PMID: 37509263 PMCID: PMC10377613 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypomorphic mutations in MRN complex genes are frequently found in cancer, supporting their role as oncosuppressors. However, unlike canonical oncosuppressors, MRN proteins are often overexpressed in tumor tissues, where they actively work to counteract DSBs induced by both oncogene-dependent RS and radio-chemotherapy. Moreover, at the same time, MRN genes are also essential genes, since the constitutive KO of each component leads to embryonic lethality. Therefore, even though it is paradoxical, MRN genes may work as oncosuppressive, oncopromoting, and essential genes. In this review, we discussed how alterations in the MRN complex impact the physiopathology of cancer, in light of our recent discoveries on the gene-dosage-dependent effect of NBS1 in Medulloblastoma. These updates aim to understand whether MRN complex can be realistically used as a prognostic/predictive marker and/or as a therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialaura Petroni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica La Monica
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Fabretti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariaconcetta Augusto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Damiana Battaglini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Polonara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Giulio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Anwaier A, Zhu SX, Tian X, Xu WH, Wang Y, Palihati M, Wang WY, Shi GH, Qu YY, Zhang HL, Ye DW. Large-Scale Proteomics Data Reveal Integrated Prognosis-Related Protein Signatures and Role of SMAD4 and RAD50 in Prognosis and Immune Infiltrations of Prostate Cancer Microenvironment. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 2:404-418. [PMID: 36939777 PMCID: PMC9712904 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-022-00070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, identifying potential prognostic biomarkers is crucial. In this study, the survival information, gene expression, and protein expression data of 344 PCa cases were collected from the Cancer Proteome Atlas (TCPA) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to investigate the potential prognostic biomarkers. The integrated prognosis-related proteins (IPRPs) model was constructed based on the risk score of each patients using machine-learning algorithm. IPRPs model suggested that Elevated RAD50 expression (p = 0.016) and down-regulated SMAD4 expression (p = 0.017) were significantly correlated with unfavorable outcomes for PCa patients. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and western blot (WB) analysis revealed significant differential expression of SMAD4 and RAD50 protein between tumor and normal tissues in validation cohort. According to the overall IHC score, patients with low SMAD4 (p < 0.0001) expression and high RAD50 expression (p = 0.0001) were significantly correlated with poor outcomes. Besides, expression of SMAD4 showed significantly negative correlation with most immune checkpoint molecules, and the low SMAD4 expression group exhibited significantly high levels of LAG3 (p < 0.05), TGFβ (p < 0.001), and PD-L1 (p < 0.05) compared with the high SMAD4 expression group in the validation cohort. Patients with low SMAD4 expression had significantly higher infiltration of memory B cells (p = 0.002), CD8 + T cells (p < 0.001), regulatory T cells (p = 0.006), M2-type macrophages (p < 0.001), and significantly lower infiltration of naïve B cells (p = 0.002), plasma cells (p < 0.001), resting memory CD4 + T cells (p < 0.001) and eosinophils (p = 0.045). Candidate proteins were mainly involved in antigen processing and presentation, stem cell differentiation, and type I interferon pathways. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43657-022-00070-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihetaimujiang Anwaier
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Xuan Zhu
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Tian
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hao Xu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Maierdan Palihati
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Yue Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hai Shi
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Qu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ding-Wei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032 People’s Republic of China
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Shibui Y, Kohashi K, Tamaki A, Kinoshita I, Yamada Y, Yamamoto H, Taguchi T, Oda Y. The forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) expression and antitumor effect of FOXM1 inhibition in malignant rhabdoid tumor. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 147:1499-1518. [PMID: 33221995 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03438-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a rare, highly aggressive sarcoma with an uncertain cell of origin. Despite the existing standard of intensive multimodal therapy, the prognosis of patients with MRT is very poor. Novel antitumor agents are needed for MRT patients. Forkhead box transcription factor 1 (FOXM1) is overexpressed and is correlated with the pathogenesis in several human malignancies. In this study, we identified the clinicopathological and prognostic values of the expression of FOXM1 and its roles in the progression of MRT. METHODS We investigated the FOXM1 expression levels and their clinical significance in 23 MRT specimens using immunohistochemistry and performed clinicopathologic and prognostic analyses. We also demonstrated correlations between the downregulation of FOXM1 and oncological characteristics using small interfering RNA (siRNA) and FOXM1 inhibitor in MRT cell lines. RESULTS Histopathological analyses revealed that primary renal MRTs showed significantly low FOXM1 protein expression levels (p = 0.032); however, there were no significant differences in other clinicopathological characteristics or the survival rate. FOXM1 siRNA and FOXM1 inhibitor (thiostrepton) successfully downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of FOXM1 in vitro and the downregulation of FOXM1 inhibited cell proliferation, drug resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, migration, invasion, and caused the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of MRT cell lines. A cDNA microarray analysis showed that FOXM1 regulated FANCD2 and NBS1, which are key genes for DNA damage repair. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that FOXM1 may serve as a promising therapeutic target for MRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Shibui
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kohashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akihiko Tamaki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Izumi Kinoshita
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yamada
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Taguchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Xu WH, Wang J, Sheng HY, Qu YY, Wang HK, Zhu Y, Shi GH, Zhang HL, Ye DW. Prognostic implication and functional annotations of Rad50 expression in patients with prostate cancer. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:3124-3134. [PMID: 31886567 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that Rad50, a protein involved in the DNA damage repair process, significantly correlated with tumor prognosis. This study focused on Rad50 expression in tumor samples and its prognostic value for patients with prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, significantly elevated Rad50 expression in PCa tissues compared to normal tissues (P < .01). Five independent Oncomine databases validated significant differential expression of Rad50 (P < .001). Hence, 80 patients with PCa from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) and 351 patients with PCa with available protein expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were included to investigate the survival benefit. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate the significance of clinicopathological factors on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that elevated Rad50 protein expression levels significantly correlated with unfavorable DFS (P = .005) in the FUSCC cohort and poorer OS (P = .04) in TCGA cohort. Furthermore, coregulation analysis of proteins indicated that 76 coregulated proteins were associated with Rad50, while 11 most highly involved hub proteins, including Rad50, MRE11A, DUT, POLR3A, MCM3AP, RECQL, PNPT1, RANBP3, DDX1, SNRPB, and UGN, were significantly coregulated in the protein-protein interaction network. Functional enrichment analysis consecutively indicated significant functions and signaling pathways including DNA replication, spliceosome, DNA geometric change, homologous recombination, and G2M checkpoint. This study first reveals that elevated Rad50 expression is significantly associated with aggressive progression and poor survival for patients with PCa. Together, these data suggest that Rad50 may act as an oncoprotein, guide the molecular diagnosis, and may shed light on novel individual therapeutic strategies for progressive PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Xu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Yue Sheng
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Qu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Kai Wang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Hai Shi
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding-Wei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Li C, Xia M, Wang H, Li W, Peng J, Jiang H. Propofol facilitates migration and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by upregulating SNAI1 expression. Life Sci 2020; 241:117143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kong P, Xu E, Bi Y, Xu X, Liu X, Song B, Zhang L, Cheng C, Yan T, Qian Y, Yang J, Ma Y, Cui H, Zhai Y, Zou B, Liu X, Cheng Y, Guo S, Cheng X, Cui Y. Novel ESCC-related gene ZNF750 as potential Prognostic biomarker and inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition through directly depressing SNAI1 promoter in ESCC. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:1798-1813. [PMID: 32042337 PMCID: PMC6993233 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer genomic studies have identified Zinc Finger Protein 750 (ZNF750) was a novel significantly mutated gene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study was designed to determine the clinical value and molecular mechanisms of ZNF750 in the development of ESCC. Methods: Genomic data from 4 reported ESCC cohorts were used to analyze the mutation profile of ZNF750. Tissue microarrays were used to detect its expression in 308 ESCC samples. Furtherly, the effects of ZNF750 on proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion were tested in ESCC cells. PCR-array, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), luciferase reporter assays, and rescue assay were used to explore the mechanism of ZNF750. Correlation of ZNF750 with its target genes was analyzed in TCGA data from various SCC types. Results: ZNF750 was frequently mutated in ESCC and the most common type was nonsense mutation. Its nucleus/cytoplasm ratio in ESCC was significantly lower than that in paired non-tumor tissues; it was an independent and potential predictor for survival in ESCC patients. Furtherly, ZNF750 knockdown significantly promoted proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in ESCC cells. PCR-array showed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was the main biologic process affected by ZNF750. Moreover, ZNF750 directly bound to the promoter region of SNAI1 and depressed its activity. Decreased ZNF750 up-regulated SNAI1 expression and promoted EMT phenotype. SNAI1 knockdown partially reversed the malignant phenotype induced by ZNF750 knockdown. Further TCGA data analyses showed ZNF750 expression was positively correlated with E-cadherin and negatively correlated with SNAI1, N-cadherin and Vimentin in ESCC and other SCC samples. Conclusion: Our results suggest that ZNF750 may act as a tumor suppressor by directly repressing SNAI1 and inhibiting EMT process in ESCC and other types of SCC.
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Wang J, Xu WH, Wei Y, Zhu Y, Qin XJ, Zhang HL, Ye DW. Elevated MRE11 expression associated with progression and poor outcome in prostate cancer. J Cancer 2019; 10:4333-4340. [PMID: 31413753 PMCID: PMC6691708 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Growing evidence has proved that MRE11, a protein underpinned to be involved in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair process, is correlated with cancer outcomes. However, its role in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression of MRE11 in tumor tissue and defining its value in predicting prognosis of PCa patients. Methods: A total of 578 patients from two cohorts were enrolled in this study. Distribution of categorical clinical-pathological data together with levels of MRE11 expression was compared with χ2-test in a contingency table. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and evaluation was detected from 78 paired PCa and adjacent normal tissues. Partial likelihood test from univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was developed to address the influence of independent factors on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in two cohorts. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were performed to assess the survival benefits between discrete levels. Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to select related genes and pathways from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Results: In the current study, we demonstrated that MRE11 was highly expressed in PCa compared with normal tissues (P=0.011). In addition, in the TCGA cohort, the median DFS in patients with IHC positive and negative MRE11 expression levels was 24.5 and 30.6 months, and median OS was 28.7 and 33.0 months, respectively. In FUSCC cohort, median DFS in patients with IHC positive and negative MRE11 expression was 28.0 and 35.6 months. Furthermore, survival curves suggested that PCa patients with elevated MRE11 expression levels showed poorer OS (P=0.019) in TCGA cohort and poor DFS (P=0.047) in FUSCC cohort. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study reveals that elevated MRE11 expression is significantly correlated with cancer progression and poor survival in PCa patients. These data suggest that MRE11 may act as an oncoprotein and a promising prognostic marker for PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 20032, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Xu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 20032, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wei
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 20032, P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 20032, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jian Qin
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 20032, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 20032, P.R. China
| | - Ding-Wei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 20032, P.R. China
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Cowman S, Fan YN, Pizer B, Sée V. Decrease of Nibrin expression in chronic hypoxia is associated with hypoxia-induced chemoresistance in some brain tumour cells. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:300. [PMID: 30943920 PMCID: PMC6446413 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Solid tumours are less oxygenated than normal tissues. This is called tumour hypoxia and leads to resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The molecular mechanisms underlying such resistance have been investigated in a range of tumour types, including the adult brain tumours glioblastoma, yet little is known for paediatric brain tumours. Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumour in children. We aimed to elucidate the impact of hypoxia on the sensitivity of MB cells to chemo- and radiotherapy. Methods We used two MB cell line (D283-MED and MEB-Med8A) and a widely used glioblastoma cell line (U87MG) for comparison. We applied a range of molecular and cellular techniques to measure cell survival, cell cycle progression, protein expression and DNA damage combined with a transcriptomic micro-array approach in D283-MED cells, for global gene expression analysis in acute and chronic hypoxic conditions. Results In D283-MED and U87MG, chronic hypoxia (5 days), but not acute hypoxia (24 h) induced resistance to chemotherapy and X-ray irradiation. This acquired resistance upon chronic hypoxia was present but less pronounced in MEB-Med8A cells. Using transcriptomic analysis in D283-MED cells, we found a large transcriptional remodelling upon long term hypoxia, in particular the expression of a number of genes involved in detection and repair of double strand breaks (DSB) was altered. The levels of Nibrin (NBN) and MRE11, members of the MRN complex (MRE11/Rad50/NBN) responsible for DSB recognition, were significantly down-regulated. This was associated with a reduction of Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) activation by etoposide, indicating a profound dampening of the DNA damage signalling in hypoxic conditions. As a consequence, p53 activation by etoposide was reduced, and cell survival enhanced. Whilst U87MG shared the same dampened p53 activity, upon chemotherapeutic drug treatment in chronic hypoxic conditions, these cells used a different mechanism, independent of the DNA damage pathway. Conclusion Together our results demonstrate a new mechanism explaining hypoxia-induced resistance involving the alteration of the response to DSB in D283-MED cells, but also highlight the cell type to cell type diversity and the necessity to take into account the differing tumour genetic make-up when considering re-sensitisation therapeutic protocols. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5476-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Cowman
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Integrated Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Cell Imaging, L69 7ZB, Liverpool, UK
| | - Yuen Ngan Fan
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Integrated Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Cell Imaging, L69 7ZB, Liverpool, UK.,University of Manchester, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, M13 9PT, Manchester, UK
| | - Barry Pizer
- University of Liverpool and Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, member of Liverpool Health Partners., Liverpool, UK
| | - Violaine Sée
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Integrated Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Cell Imaging, L69 7ZB, Liverpool, UK.
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He S, Wang W, Yang Y, Li E, Xu L, Chen L. FAM3B promotes progression of oesophageal carcinoma via regulating the AKT-MDM2-p53 signalling axis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:1375-1385. [PMID: 30565387 PMCID: PMC6349344 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
FAM3B has been suggested to play important roles in the progression of many cancers, such as gastric, oral, colon and prostate cancer. However, little is known about the role of FAM3B in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In the present study, we found that FAM3B expression was higher in ESCC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we found similar results in cell lines. FAM3B expression was significantly related to T/TNM stage. Importantly, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that a high expression level of FAM3B predicted a poor outcome for ESCC patients. Overexpression of FAM3B inhibits ESCC cell death, increases oesophageal tumour growth in xenografted nude mice, and promotes ESCC cell migration and invasion. Further studies confirmed that FAM3B regulates the AKT-MDM2-p53 pathway and two core epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition process markers, Snail and E-cadherin. Our results provide new insights into the role of FAM3B in the progression of ESCC and suggest that FAM3B may be a promising molecular target and diagnostic marker for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song‐Lin He
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongChina
| | - Wen‐Ping Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yu‐Sang Yang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - En‐Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan AreaShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Li‐Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan AreaShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
- Institute of Oncologic PathologyShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Long‐Qi Chen
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Myosin 5a regulates tumor migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: utility as a prognostic factor. Hum Pathol 2018; 80:113-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Su M, Xiao Y, Ma J, Cao D, Zhou Y, Wang H, Liao Q, Wang W. Long non-coding RNAs in esophageal cancer: molecular mechanisms, functions, and potential applications. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:118. [PMID: 30223861 PMCID: PMC6142629 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The lack of early diagnostic biomarkers and effective prognostic indicators for metastasis and recurrence has resulted in the poor prognosis of EC. In addition, the underlying molecular mechanisms of EC development have yet to be elucidated. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that lncRNAs play a vital role in the pathological progression of EC. LncRNAs may regulate gene expression through the recruitment of histone-modifying complexes to the chromatin and through interactions with RNAs or proteins. Recent evidence has demonstrated that the dysregulation of lncRNAs plays important roles in the proliferation, metastasis, invasion, angiogenesis, apoptosis, chemoradiotherapy resistance, and stemness of EC, which suggests potential clinical implications. In this review, we highlight the emerging roles and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in the context of EC and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Su
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Department of the Central Laboratory, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuhang Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junliang Ma
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Deliang Cao
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Key laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Department of the Central Laboratory, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Zhen Y, Xiao R, Chen X, Yuan C, Sun Y, Li J. A non-synonymous polymorphism in NBS1 is associated with progression from chronic hepatitis B virus infection to hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese population. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:563-569. [PMID: 29416357 PMCID: PMC5790086 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s153538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 (NBS1) has a vital role in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, functioning as a sensor to identify and repair DNA damage and maintaining genomic stability by participating in the intra-S-phase checkpoint. Polymorphisms of NBS1 have been investigated in multiple cancers with variable results. To our best knowledge, no previous study has focused on the association between NBS1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Five NBS1 SNPs were selected based on their potential functional impact. A hospital-based cohort, comprising 481 patients with HBV-related HCC, 508 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHB), and 581 healthy controls, was recruited for genotyping analysis. RESULTS After quality control, four SNPs were successfully genotyped (rs10464867, rs1063053, rs1805794, and rs709816), none of which were significantly associated with HCC or CHB compared with those of healthy controls. Similarly, the combined HBV-infected group (including the HCC and CHB groups) exhibited no significant associations with these SNPs compared with healthy controls. In contrast, comparison of the frequency of rs1805794 between patients with CHB and those with HCC identified a significant association (P=2.99E-03, odds ratio =1.31, 95% confidence interval =1.10-1.56). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that, as a non-synonymous SNP, the rs1805794 C/G polymorphism may play a role in the progression from CHB to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya’nan Zhen
- Department of General Surgery, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan
| | - Ruixue Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan
| | - Xing Chen
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan
| | - Changjin Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan
| | - Yanlai Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan
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Fujii N. Potential Strategies to Target Protein-Protein Interactions in the DNA Damage Response and Repair Pathways. J Med Chem 2017; 60:9932-9959. [PMID: 28654754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review article discusses some insights about generating novel mechanistic inhibitors of the DNA damage response and repair (DDR) pathways by focusing on protein-protein interactions (PPIs) of the key DDR components. General requirements for PPI strategies, such as selecting the target PPI site on the basis of its functionality, are discussed first. Next, on the basis of functional rationale and biochemical feasibility to identify a PPI inhibitor, 26 PPIs in DDR pathways (BER, MMR, NER, NHEJ, HR, TLS, and ICL repair) are specifically discussed for inhibitor discovery to benefit cancer therapies using a DNA-damaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoaki Fujii
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS1000, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
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Yang X, Han M, Han H, Wang B, Li S, Zhang Z, Zhao W. Silencing Snail suppresses tumor cell proliferation and invasion by reversing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and arresting G2/M phase in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1251-1260. [PMID: 28259904 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is essential for tumor invasion and metastasis. Snail has been proven to be a key regulator of EMT. Several studies have shown compelling evidence that Snail is also an important regulator of tumor growth and aggression; however, the role of Snail in the cell cycle has not been clarified. We decreased Snail expression by siRNA transfection and lentiviral‑mediated RNAi, to explore the effect of silencing Snail on the tumorigenicity and migration of lung carcinoma (lung cancer) cells. The results showed that silencing Snail conferred significant anti-proliferative activity and inhibited cell migration, tumor growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. To understand the mechanism of these effects, we further investigated correlations among Snail expression, EMT and cell cycle. Significantly, Snail knockdown reversed EMT processes in lung cancer cells. Furthermore, the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor P21 was upregulated after silencing Snail. P21 upregulation manifested its tumor suppressor effects and arrested cells in the G2/M phase, not the G1/S phase following Snail depletion in lung cancer cells. These data suggest that silencing Snail decreases the malignant behaviors of lung cancer cells by reversing EMT processes and causing cell cycle defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Han
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Bingjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
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Zuo J, Wang D, Shen H, Liu F, Han J, Zhang X. MicroRNA-153 inhibits tumor progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting SNAI1. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10.1007/s13277-016-5427-x. [PMID: 27739030 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5427-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the important mediators of Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the Snail1 protein (encoded by SNAI1) which facilitates transition to mesenchymal state by transcriptionally repressing the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin. Given its central role in EMT and tumor metastasis, the cell has evolved multiple levels of regulatory mechanism at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational level to regulate SNAI1 expression. Recently, miR-153 has been shown to regulate SNAI1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. The objective of the current study was to determine if SNAI1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is regulated by miR-153. Metagenomic analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data identified an inverse correlation between miR-153 and SNAI1 expression in ESCC. Our study showed that the expression of miR-153 was noticeably downregulated in the ESCC cell line investigated and tissues, compared with normal esophageal epithelial cells and matched adjacent non-tumorous esophageal tissue. We demonstrated that miR-153 downregulated Snail expression by directly targeting the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of SNAI1, which could be rescued by the use of miR-153 mimic and antagomir in ESCC cell line and normal esophageal epithelial cells, respectively. MiR-153 mimic inhibited the migration and invasion ability of ESCC cells whereas miR-153 antagomir promoted migration and invasion of normal esophageal epithelial cell line. Finally, overexpression of miR-153 in the ESCC cell line significantly attenuated experimental lung metastasis as assessed by tail vein injection in xenograft assay. Cumulatively, our data indicate that suppression of miR-153 dictates SNAI1 upregulation during EMT and metastatic progression of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zuo
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
| | - Dahu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, No.361, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Fengling Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
| | - Xianghong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, No.361, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
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Wang Y, Zhang S, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Guan H, Li X, Li Y, Wang Y. Upregulation of miR-192 inhibits cell growth and invasion and induces cell apoptosis by targeting TCF7 in human osteosarcoma. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:15211-15220. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5417-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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17
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Cao X, Zou H, Cao J, Cui Y, Sun S, Ren K, Song Z, Li D, Quan M. A candidate Chinese medicine preparation-Fructus Viticis Total Flavonoids inhibits stem-like characteristics of lung cancer stem-like cells. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:364. [PMID: 27633248 PMCID: PMC5024514 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1341-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered as the origin of tumor relapse. Here, we investigated the effects of Fructus Viticis total flavonoids (FVTF) on the characteristics of lung cancer stem-like cells (LCSLCs) derived from human small cell lung cancer NCI-H446 cell line and its potential mechanism. Methods Human small cell lung cancer NCI-H446 cell line was cultured in vitro. The CD133+ cells were sorted from NCI-H446 cell line by magnetic separation. The suspended culture with stem cell-conditioned medium was used to amplify CD133+ sphere-forming cells (SFCs). The stem cell characteristics of CD133+ SFCs were evaluated using cell self-renewal capacity by tumor sphere formation assay, migration and invasion capacity by Transwell assay, tumorigenicity by xenograft model in nude mouse and cancer stem cell markers expression levels by western blot. The effects of FVTF on the properties of LCSLCs were examined by tumorsphere formation assay and transwell chamber assay. The expression level of p-Akt was determined by western blot analysis. Result CD133+ SFCs derived from human small cell lung cancer NCI-H446 cells exhibited stemness properties of tumorsphere formation and tumorigenesis capacity comparing to the parental cells. FVTF relative selectively inhibited the proliferation of LCSLCs, suppressed tumor sphere forming capacity and migration and invasion of LCSLCs, and down-regulated the protein expression of stem cell markers (CD133, CD44 and ALDH1), self-renewal associated transcription factors (Bmi1, Nanog and OCT4) and invasion associated transcription factors (Twist1 and Snail1) in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we found that FVTF treatment could significantly decrease the phosphorylation level of Akt in LCSLCs. Meanwhile, LY294002 and FVTF synergistically inhibited the characteristics of LCSLCs. Conclusion FVTF inhibits the characteristics of LCSLCs through down-regulating expression of p-Akt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocheng Cao
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,Laboratory of Medicine Engineering, College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Zou
- Laboratory of Medicine Engineering, College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- Laboratory of Medicine Engineering, College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinghong Cui
- Laboratory of Medicine Engineering, College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuwen Sun
- Laboratory of Medicine Engineering, College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Kaiqun Ren
- Laboratory of Medicine Engineering, College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenwei Song
- Laboratory of Medicine Engineering, College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Duo Li
- Laboratory of Medicine Engineering, College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Meifang Quan
- Laboratory of Medicine Engineering, College of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
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Zhang CY, Li RK, Qi Y, Li XN, Yang Y, Liu DL, Zhao J, Zhu DY, Wu K, Zhou XD, Zhao S. Upregulation of long noncoding RNA SPRY4-IT1 promotes metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via induction of epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Cell Biol Toxicol 2016; 32:391-401. [DOI: 10.1007/s10565-016-9341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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19
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Wu MY, Liang RR, Chen K, Shen M, Tian YL, Li DM, Duan WM, Gui Q, Gong FR, Lian L, Li W, Tao M. FH535 inhibited metastasis and growth of pancreatic cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:1651-70. [PMID: 26185454 PMCID: PMC4500609 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s82718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
FH535 is a small-molecule inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which a substantial body of evidence has proven is activated in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis. We investigated the inhibitory effect of FH535 on the metastasis and growth of pancreatic cancer cells. Western blotting and luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that FH535 markedly inhibited Wnt/β-catenin pathway viability in pancreatic cancer cells. In vitro wound healing, invasion, and adhesion assays revealed that FH535 significantly inhibited pancreatic cancer cell metastasis. We also observed the inhibitory effect of FH535 on pancreatic cancer cell growth via the tetrazolium and plate clone formation assays. Microarray analyses suggested that changes in the expression of multiple genes could be involved in the anti-cancer effect of FH535 on pancreatic cancer cells. Our results indicate for the first time that FH535 inhibits pancreatic cancer cell metastasis and growth, providing new insight into therapy of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yao Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Rui Liang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Shen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Li Tian
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dao-Ming Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ming Duan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Gui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Ran Gong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Lian
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China ; PREMED Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Tao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Xiangcheng People's Hospital, Suzhou, People's Republic of China ; Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China ; Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China ; PREMED Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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Zhang P, Hu P, Shen H, Yu J, Liu Q, Du J. Prognostic role of Twist or Snail in various carcinomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2014; 44:1072-94. [PMID: 25257753 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twist and Snail are considered as key transcriptional repressors of E-cadherin tightly related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer progression. Numerous studies have investigated the prognostic value of Twist and Snail. However, the published results were controversial or even opposite. Our article aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of Twist and Snail in patients with cancer. DESIGN A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science was conducted. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were assessed to quantify the prognostic role. RESULTS The pooled HR with 38 studies for Twist was 2·18 (95% CI: 1·77-2·68, I(2) = 69·8%, P = 0·000) and for Snail with 40 studies was 1·58 (95% CI: 1·33-1·87, I(2) = 70·0%, P = 0·000), suggesting high Twist/Snail expression predicted poor prognosis related to all clinical outcomes. For Twist, the pooled HR for overall survival (OS) was 2·07 (95% CI: 1·63-2·63, I(2) = 72·6%, P = 0·000) and for progression-free/recurrence-free/metastasis-free/disease-free/cancer-free survival (PFS/RFS/MFS/DFS/CFS) was 2·36 (95% CI: 1·76-3·17, I(2) = 65·0%, P = 0·000). For Snail, the pooled HR for OS was 1·63 (95% CI: 1·33-1·99, I(2) = 70·8%, P = 0·000) and for PFS/RFS/MFS/DFS/CFS was 1·54 (95% CI: 1·17-2·02, I(2) = 59·1%, P = 0·001). All of those results were suggesting that high Twist/Snail expression was associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, when grouped into different types of cancers, the pooled HRs were also calculated for the subgroups. No publication bias was found except studies evaluating all clinical outcomes of Twist (P = 0·006 for Begg's test and 0·006 for Egger's test). CONCLUSIONS Elevated Twist or Snail expression in tumour tissue indicated poor prognosis for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Institute of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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WU BINGLI, LI CHUNQUAN, DU ZEPENG, ZHOU FEI, XIE JIANJUN, LUO LIEWEI, WU JIANYI, ZHANG PIXIAN, XU LIYAN, LI ENMIN. Functional analysis of the mRNA profile of neutrophil gelatinase‑associated lipocalin overexpression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using multiple bioinformatic tools. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:1800-12. [PMID: 25109818 PMCID: PMC4148386 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a member of the lipocalin superfamily; dysregulated expression of NGAL has been observed in several benign and malignant diseases. In the present study, differentially expressed genes, in comparison with those of control cells, in the mRNA expression profile of EC109 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells following NGAL overexpression were analyzed by multiple bioinformatic tools for a comprehensive understanding. A total of 29 gene ontology (GO) terms associated with immune function, chromatin structure and gene transcription were identified among the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in NGAL overexpressing cells. In addition to the detected GO categories, the results from the functional annotation chart revealed that the differentially expressed genes were also associated with 101 functional annotation category terms. A total of 59 subpathways associated locally with the differentially expressed genes were identified by subpathway analysis, a markedly greater total that detected by traditional pathway enrichment analysis only. Promoter analysis indicated that the potential transcription factors Snail, deltaEF1, Mycn, Arnt, MNB1A, PBF, E74A, Ubx, SPI1 and GATA2 were unique to the downregulated DEG promoters, while bZIP910, ZNF42 and SOX9 were unique for the upregulated DEG promoters. In conclusion, the understanding of the role of NGAL overexpression in ESCC has been improved through the present bioinformatic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- BING-LI WU
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - CHUN-QUAN LI
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - ZE-PENG DU
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - FEI ZHOU
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - JIAN-JUN XIE
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - LIE-WEI LUO
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - JIAN-YI WU
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - PI-XIAN ZHANG
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - LI-YAN XU
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Li-Yan Xu, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China, E-mail: . Professor En-Min Li, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - EN-MIN LI
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Li-Yan Xu, Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China, E-mail: . Professor En-Min Li, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Mirza A, Foster L, Valentine H, Welch I, West CM, Pritchard S. Investigation of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition markers S100A4, vimentin and Snail1 in gastroesophageal junction tumors. Dis Esophagus 2014; 27:485-92. [PMID: 23082947 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2012.01435.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) promotes tumor progression and invasion. As no study has focused on gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) tumors, the expression of three EMT-related proteins (S100A4, vimentin, and Snail1) was investigated with the aim of assessing their pathologic and prognostic significance. Resection specimens were obtained from 104 patients who underwent surgery for GEJ adenocarcinoma, without preoperative chemotherapy. Three tissue cores were obtained from each of the tumor body (TB), luminal surface (LS), and invasive edge (IE) to produce tissue microarrays, and immunohistochemical staining was performed. The microarrays were scored independently by two observers. The demographic and histopathologic details of the patients were collected. Overall positive expression was observed in 88 (S100A4, 85%), 16 (vimentin, 14%), and 92 (Snail1, 89%) tumors. Staining for S100 A4 was positive in 79 (76%) of TB, 69 (66%) of IE, and 69 (66%) of LS specimens. Staining for vimentin was positive in 7 (6%) of TB, 11 (11%) of IE, and 5 (5%) of LS specimens. Staining for Snail1 was positive in 83 (80%) of TB, 51 (49%) of IE, and 78 (75%) of LS specimens. Positive staining of TB for S100A4 (P = 0.04) and Snail1 at IE (P = 0.01) was associated with involvement of circumferential resection margins. Positive staining for S100A4 in the TB (P = 0.02) and LS (P = 0.01) was associated with poor 5-year overall survival. Vimentin had no statistically significant relationships with pathologic factors or outcome. The acquisition of mesenchymal protein S100A4 is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with GEJ tumors who undergo potentially curative surgery, and LS samples can be used to obtain prognostic information. Increased EMT-related protein expression (S100A4, Snail1) is associated with the involvement of circumferential resection margin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mirza
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK; Department of Histopathology, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Snail contributes to the maintenance of stem cell-like phenotype cells in human pancreatic cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87409. [PMID: 24489910 PMCID: PMC3906155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Snail, a potent repressor of E-cadherin expression, plays a key role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in epithelial cancer. Recently, EMT and stemness programs are found linked together. In the current study, the expression of Snail and its contribution to cancer stem cell (CSC) marker expression, invasiveness, self-renewal, clonogenicity, and tumorigenicity of pancreatic cancer cells were studied. Our results showed that Snail was highly expressed in CSChigh cell line Panc-1. Stable, short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated Snail knockdown decreased invasion in Panc-1 cells, in line with increased E-cadherin expression and its translocation from the nucleus to the membrane. Snail silencing in Panc-1 also inhibited CSC marker ALDH expression, together with decreased sphere and colony forming capacity, which was highly consistent with the expression of stem cell associated transcription factors like Sox2 and Oct4. In mouse xenograft models, knockdown of Snail led to a reduced number of tumor-bearing mice and a reduced average size of tumors, which had a stronger membrane staining of E-cadherin and lighter staining of Oct4. Collectively, these findings implicate Snail is required for the maintenance of stem cell-like phenotype in pancreatic cancer, and inhibition of Snail could be an efficient strategy to treat pancreatic cancer by targeting CSCs.
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Zhao Y, Bao Q, Schwarz B, Zhao L, Mysliwietz J, Ellwart J, Renner A, Hirner H, Niess H, Camaj P, Angele M, Gros S, Izbicki J, Jauch KW, Nelson PJ, Bruns CJ. Stem Cell-Like Side Populations in Esophageal Cancer: A Source of Chemotherapy Resistance and Metastases. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:180-92. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- DKTK, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Qi Bao
- Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Schwarz
- Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Josef Mysliwietz
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Center for Environment and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Ellwart
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Center for Environment and Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Andera Renner
- Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Heidrun Hirner
- Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hanno Niess
- Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Camaj
- Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Angele
- Department of Surgery, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Gros
- Department of Surgery, University of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Izbicki
- Department of Surgery, University of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Jon Nelson
- Clinical Biochemistry Group, Medizinische Klinik und Policlinic IV, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Keck B, Wach S, Goebell PJ, Kunath F, Bertz S, Lehmann J, Stöckle M, Taubert H, Wullich B, Hartmann A. SNAI1 protein expression is an independent negative prognosticator in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 20:3669-74. [PMID: 23807662 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-013-3075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer is poor. Molecular prognosticators have gained increasing attention for individualized therapeutic options because they can identify patients with different prognoses. METHODS Tissue microarrays of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 206 bladder cancer patients treated with cystectomy and chemotherapy were studied for SNAI1 protein expression by immunohistochemistry. SNAI1 expression was evaluated using an immunoreactive score (IRS). For statistical analysis, the patients were separated into two groups: those with tumor specimens negative for SNAI1 expression (IRS = 0), and the other positive for SNAI1 expression (IRS ≥1). RESULTS Tumor samples from 42 patients showed negative SNAI1 expression, whereas the nuclei of tumor cells from 164 patients showed detectable nuclear staining of SNAI1. A Kaplan-Meier analysis of the bladder cancer patients with negative SNAI1 expression showed significantly reduced disease-specific survival (DSS) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared to the patients with positive expression (p = 0.010 and 0.013). A multivariate Cox regression analysis (adjusted for gender, age, tumor stage, tumor grade, lymph node metastasis, chemotherapy, and histologic subtype) again showed a significant correlation between patients lacking SNAI1 expression and DSS (p = 0.005; relative risk 2.31; 95 % confidence interval 1.28-4.17) or PFS (p = 0.004; relative risk 2.20; 95 % confidence interval 1.29-3.78) compared to patients with positive SNAI1 staining. CONCLUSIONS Loss of SNAI1 protein expression is an independent prognosticator for PFS and DSS in bladder cancer patients treated by radical cystectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Its prognostic value for neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy must be evaluated in further prospective randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Keck
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
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Luo WR, Li SY, Cai LM, Yao KT. High expression of nuclear Snail, but not cytoplasmic staining, predicts poor survival in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2012; 19:2971-9. [PMID: 22476819 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-012-2347-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcription factor Snail has been shown to promote tumor progression and metastasis in various cancers. However, its clinical significance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is still scanty. We have explored the clinical significance of Snail expression and its association with patient outcome in NPC. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression levels of Snail in 122 patients with NPC. RESULTS Cytoplasmic Snail was detected in 37.7 %, and nuclear staining was detected in 49.2 % of primary tumors, respectively. No significant associations were found between cytoplasmic Snail and the clinicopathologic variables except lymph node metastasis (P = 0.042). However, nuclear Snail was significantly associated with tumor stage (P = 0.003), T classification (P = 0.045), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.019), distant metastasis (P = 0.003), and reduced E-cadherin expression (P = 0.021). Patients with high nuclear Snail expression, but not cytoplasmic staining, had significantly shorter survival than those with low expression (P < 0.001). Significantly, nuclear Snail was an independent prognostic predictor for NPC (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the prognostic impact was largely limited to stage III-IV patients. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated first that nuclear Snail, but not cytoplasmic staining, predicts worse outcome. In addition, the prognostic value in stage III-IV suggests that nuclear Snail could be a potential therapeutic target for late stage of NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ren Luo
- Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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