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Sharaf SS, Jaganath Krishna KM, Lekshmi A, Sujathan. Subcellular expression of MTA1, HIF1A and p53 in primary tumor predicts aggressive triple negative breast cancers: a meta-analysis based study. J Mol Histol 2024; 55:303-315. [PMID: 38613589 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10190-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of TNBC in India is higher compared to western countries. There is a multitude of biomarkers associated with different clinical outcomes of TNBC with contradictory reports. Identification of a set of specific biomarkers from the very many number of proteins reported in the literature to predict prognosis of TNBC is an urgent clinical need. METHODOLOGY A systematic review of key molecular biomarkers in cohort studies that have been investigated for their role in breast cancer prognosis was conducted. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was followed. A meta-analysis was used to evaluate their pooled hazard ratio (HR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) statistically. Immunohistochemical characterization of the meta-analyzed markers were performed in a cohort of 200 retrospective TNBC and 100 non TNBC patient tissues. Kaplan-Meier plot were used to evaluate disease free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). Cox regression models were used to evaluate predictors of DFS and OS. RESULTS Using a meta-analytical approach, we consolidated the biomarker signatures associated with survival outcomes in breast cancers. The promising markers that emerged for the prediction of DFS and OS included E-Cadherin, Survivin, p53, MTA1, HIF1A, CD133, Vimentin and CK5/6. Evaluation of these markers in tumor tissue revealed that subcellular localization of p53, MTA1 and HIF1A had a significant association in predicting TNBC prognosis. Kaplan Meier plot revealed that p53 (OS p = 0.007, DFS p = 0.004), HIF 1 A (OS p = 0.054, DFS p = 0.009) and MTA1 (OS p = 0.043, DFS = p = 0.001) expression in the primary tumor tissue were found to be significantly correlated with poor OS and DFS, whereas expression of Survivin (DFS p = 0.024) and E Cadherin (DFS p = 0.027) correlated with DFS alone in TNBC. Univariate analysis revealed that p53, HIF1A and MTA1 could be independent prognostic markers. CONCLUSION Our study suggests cytoplasmic over expression of HIF1A, nuclear over expression of MTA1 and mutated p53 in the primary tumor tissue of TNBC have significance as markers predicting survival of TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanaz S Sharaf
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytopathology and Proteomics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India
| | - K M Jaganath Krishna
- Epidemiology and Statistics Department, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Asha Lekshmi
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytopathology and Proteomics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sujathan
- Laboratory of Molecular Cytopathology and Proteomics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
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Yeeravalli R, Kaushik K, Das A. TWIST1-mediated transcriptional activation of PDGFRβ in breast cancer stem cells promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166141. [PMID: 33845139 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients often exhibit poor prognosis and breast cancer relapse due to metastasis. This results in secondary tumor generation at distant-unrelated organs that account for the majority of breast cancer-related deaths. Although breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been attributed to metastasis, a mechanistic understanding is essential for developing therapeutic interventions to combat breast cancer relapse. Breast CSCs are generated due to Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), regulated by transcription factors (EMT-TF) that are implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the underlying mechanisms mediating these processes remain elusive. In the present study, we have reported that TWIST1, an EMT-TF, exhibits positive transcriptional regulation on PDGFRβ promoter, thus identifying PDGFRβ as one of the downstream targets of EMT regulation in breast CSCs. Breast cancer cells overexpressing PDGFRβ exhibited a significant increase in physiological and molecular properties comparable to that of breast CSCs, while molecular silencing of PDGFRβ in breast CSCs perturbed these phenomena. Mechanistically, PDGFRβ overexpression induced the activation of FAK and Src leading to cell migration and invasion. Orthotopic xenograft transplantation of stable breast cancer cells and CSCs with PDGFRβ overexpression in nude mice led to a significant increase in tumorigenesis, and metastasis to lung and liver as depicted by the significant increase in human gene-specific PDGFRβ and CD44 expression, and colocalization along with an expression of human-specific Alu sequences which were perturbed with stable silencing of PDGFRβ in breast CSCs. Thus, PDGFRβ plays a crucial role in inducing breast cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis that can be a plausible therapeutic target to treat TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Yeeravalli
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India
| | - Komal Kaushik
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, TS, India; Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP 201 002, India.
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3
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Sammarco A, Gomiero C, Sacchetto R, Beffagna G, Michieletto S, Orvieto E, Cavicchioli L, Gelain ME, Ferro S, Patruno M, Zappulli V. Wnt/β-Catenin and Hippo Pathway Deregulation in Mammary Tumors of Humans, Dogs, and Cats. Vet Pathol 2020; 57:774-790. [PMID: 32807036 DOI: 10.1177/0300985820948823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mammary cancer is a common neoplasm in women, dogs, and cats that still represents a therapeutic challenge. Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo pathways are involved in tumor progression, cell differentiation, and metastasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate mRNA and protein expression of molecules involved in these pathways in human (HBC), canine (CMT), and feline mammary tumors (FMT). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for β-catenin, CCND1, YAP, TAZ, CTGF, and ANKRD1, western blotting for YAP, TAZ, and β-catenin, and immunohistochemistry for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), ERBB2, β-catenin, and YAP/TAZ were performed on mammary tumor tissues. The protein expression of active β-catenin was higher in tumors than in healthy tissues in all 3 species. The mRNA expression of the downstream gene CCND1 was increased in HBC ER+ and CMTs compared to healthy tissues. Membranous and cytoplasmic protein expression of β-catenin were strongly negatively correlated in all 3 species. Tumors showed an increased protein expression of YAP/TAZ when compared to healthy tissues. Notably, YAP/TAZ expression was higher in triple negative breast cancers when compared to HBC ER+ and in FMTs when compared to CMTs. The mRNA expression of β-catenin, YAP, TAZ, CTGF, and ANKRD1 was not different between tumors and healthy mammary gland in the 3 species. This study demonstrates deregulation of Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo pathways in mammary tumors, which was more evident at the protein rather than the mRNA level. Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo pathways seem to be involved in mammary carcinogenesis and therefore represent interesting therapeutic targets that should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Sammarco
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, 9308University of Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Gomiero
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, 9308University of Padua, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, 9308University of Padua, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute - Italian National Research Council (CNR), Padua, Italy
| | - Roberta Sacchetto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, 9308University of Padua, Italy
| | - Giorgia Beffagna
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, 9308University of Padua, Italy.,Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, 9308University of Padua, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Orvieto
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Padua, Italy.,Department of Pathology, 18674Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Laura Cavicchioli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, 9308University of Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Gelain
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, 9308University of Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Ferro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, 9308University of Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Patruno
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, 9308University of Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Zappulli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, 9308University of Padua, Italy
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Park S, Vora M, van Zante A, Humtsoe J, Kim HS, Yom S, Agarwal S, Ha P. Clinicopathologic implications of Myb and Beta-catenin expression in adenoid cystic carcinoma. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 49:48. [PMID: 32650834 PMCID: PMC7350736 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-020-00446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the second most common malignancy of the salivary glands, accounting for ~ 1% of malignant tumors of the head and neck region and 10% of salivary gland neoplasms. Predicting the long-term outcomes of patients with ACC is still challenging, as reliable prognostic biomarkers are not available. Among salivary gland tumors, Myb overexpression is highly specific for ACC. In addition, the MYB-NF1B fusion translocation is a hallmark of ACC, and although the detection of this translocation does not appear to impact prognosis, the MYB-NF1B fusion is also implicated in MYB upregulation. Myb has recently been identified as an activator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and aberrant cytoplasmic expression of β-catenin has been observed in many salivary gland malignancies. In this study, we aim to analyze the impact of Myb and β-catenin expression on prognosis in ACC. Methods A tissue microarray constructed from archival tissue from 64 patients with ACC was stained for Myb and β-catenin; both localization and intensity were evaluated. In parallel, we abstracted demographic data, tumor characteristics, survival data, and outcomes, including local recurrence, regional recurrence, and distant metastasis from the medical record. Statistical analysis was performed. Results Our analysis supports that ACC patients negative for Myb by immunohistochemical methods have a higher risk of developing metastasis than patients with Myb staining (HR: 4.06, 95% CI: 1.02–14.96, p-value: 0.03). Although not statistically significant, cytoplasmic localization of β-catenin is may suggest a diminished rate of relapse-free survival (HR 2.45, 95%CI: 0.9–6.7, p = 0.08). Furthermore, Myb expression correlated with β-catenin expression, increasing 1.69 in staining intensity units with each increase in β-catenin staining intensity (p-value: 0.04). Conclusions Our study suggests that Myb expression is protective; Myb positive patients have diminished risk of distant metastasis. In contrast, there is a trend towards increased hazard of death in ACC patients with cytoplasmic β-catenin expression. Additional analyses will be necessary to establish Myb and β-catenin as independent protective and adverse biomarkers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Park
- Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Manali Vora
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Annemieke van Zante
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joseph Humtsoe
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hyun-Su Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sue Yom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Shweta Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Patrick Ha
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
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Saponaro C, Scarpi E, Zito FA, Giotta F, Silvestris N, Mangia A. Independent Negative Prognostic Role of TCF1 Expression within the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Primary Breast Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11071035. [PMID: 31336689 PMCID: PMC6678184 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt pathway is involved in the progression of breast cancer (BC). We aimed to evaluate the expression of some components of the Wnt pathway (β-catenin, FZD4 (frizzled receptor 4), LRP5 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5), LRP6, and TCF1 (T-cell factor 1)) to detect potential associations with NHERF1 (Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1) protein. Besides, we assessed their impact on patients’ clinical outcome. We evaluated 220 primary BC samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and protein localization by immunofluorescence. We found a significant correlation between NHERF1 and FZD4, LRP5, LRP6, and TCF1. Univariate analysis showed that the overexpression of β-catenin (p < 0.0001), FZD4 (p = 0.0001), LRP5, LRP6, and TCF1 (p < 0.0001 respectively) was related to poor disease-free survival (DFS). A Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed univariate data and showed a poor DFS for cNHERF1+/FZD4+ (p = 0.0007), cNHERF1+/LRP5+ (p = 0.0002), cNHERF1+/LRP6+ (p < 0.0001), and cNHERF1+/TCF1+ phenotypes (p = 0.0034). In multivariate analysis, the expression of TCF1 and β-catenin was an independent prognostic variable of worse DFS (p = 0.009 and p = 0.027, respectively). In conclusion, we found that the overexpression of β-catenin, FZD4, LRP5, LRP6, and TCF1 was associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, we first identified TCF1 as an independent prognostic factor of poor outcome, indicating it as a new potential biomarker for the management of BC patients. Also, the expression of Wnt pathway proteins, both alone and in association with NHERF1, suggests original associations of biological significance for new studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Saponaro
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuela Scarpi
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, (IRST)-IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, 47014 Meldola (FC), Italy
| | - Francesco Alfredo Zito
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Giotta
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Anita Mangia
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
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6
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Ma K, Fan Y, Hu Y. Prognostic and clinical significance of metastasis-associated gene 1 overexpression in solid cancers: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12292. [PMID: 30313027 PMCID: PMC6203568 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past 2 decades, metastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1) has attracted attention for its close association with cancer progression and its roles in chromatin remodeling processes, making it a central gene in cancer. The present meta-analysis was performed to assess MTA1 expression in solid tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS This analysis identified studies that evaluated the relationship between MTA1 expression and clinical characteristics or prognosis of patients with solid tumors via the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase electronic databases. Fixed-effect and random-effect meta-analytical techniques were used to correlate MTA1 expression with outcome measures. The outcome variables are shown as odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Analysis of 40 cohort studies involving 4564 cancer patients revealed a significant association of MTA1 overexpression with tumor patient age (>50 vs. <50 years: combined OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.57-0.94), tumor grade (G3/4 vs. G1/2: combined OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.48-2.53), tumor size (>3 cm vs. <3 cm: combined OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.73-3.19), T stage (T3/4 vs. T1/2: combined OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.74-2.56), lymph node metastasis (yes vs. no: combined OR 2.92, 95% CI 2.26-3.75), distant metastasis (yes vs. no: combined OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.42-3.59), TNM stage (III/IV vs. I/II: combined OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.84-3.38), vascular invasion (yes vs. no: combined OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.92-3.56), and poor overall survival time (HR 1.83; 95% CI: 1.53-2.20; P = .000). CONCLUSIONS Our analyses demonstrate that MTA1 was an effective predictor of a worse prognosis in tumor patients. Moreover, MTA1 may play important role in tumor progression and outcome, and targeting MTA1 may be a new strategy for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan
| | - Yangwei Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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7
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Long H, Li G, Wen X, Lv Y, Zhang M, Wei Y, Xie W, Zhong P, Pang L. Prognostic significance of β-catenin expression in patients with ovarian cancer: A meta-analysis. Gene 2018; 678:270-279. [PMID: 30103006 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of β-catenin immunohistochemical expression on the prognostic of ovarian cancer (OC) for that β-catenin could be responsible for the development and progress of OC. METHODS We searched various databases to identify eligible studies, and Review Managers 5.2 software was fulfilled in the meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of 11 studies were defined and composed in 1858 cases. β-catenin expression was significantly correlated with poor overall survival (OS) in OC patients (HR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.38-4.47, P = 0.003), and showed a significant degree of heterogeneity (I2 = 83%, P < 0.00001). Subgroup analysis indicated that accumulation in the nucleus and/or cytoplasm, rather than membrane, considerably influences the survival of OC patients independently. CONCLUSION Nucleus and/or cytoplasma of β-catenin expression might be associated with tumor progression and could be a possible potential predictive factor of poor prognosis in OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huideng Long
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2nd Road, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Ganxiong Li
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2nd Road, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Xiaoman Wen
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Shanghai Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yanmin Lv
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2nd Road, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2nd Road, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Yuanfeng Wei
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2nd Road, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Wenting Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Pang
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2nd Road, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China; Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
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Lee MH, Koh D, Na H, Ka NL, Kim S, Kim HJ, Hong S, Shin YK, Seong JK, Lee MO. MTA1 is a novel regulator of autophagy that induces tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells. Autophagy 2018; 14:812-824. [PMID: 29130361 PMCID: PMC6070012 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1388476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen is commonly used to treat patients with ESR/ER-positive breast cancer, but its therapeutic benefit is limited by the development of resistance. Recently, alterations in macroautophagy/autophagy function were demonstrated to be a potential mechanism for tamoxifen resistance. Although MTA1 (metastasis-associated 1) has been implicated in breast tumorigenesis and metastasis, its role in endocrine resistance has not been studied. Here, we report that the level of MTA1 expression was upregulated in the tamoxifen resistant breast cancer cell lines MCF7/TAMR and T47D/TR, and knockdown of MTA1 sensitized the cells to 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OHT). Moreover, knockdown of MTA1 significantly decreased the enhanced autophagy flux in the tamoxifen resistant cell lines. To confirm the role of MTA1 in the development of tamoxifen resistance, we established a cell line, MCF7/MTA1, which stably expressed MTA1. Compared with parental MCF7, MCF7/MTA1 cells were more resistant to 4OHT-induced growth inhibition in vitro and in vivo, and showed increased autophagy flux and higher numbers of autophagosomes. Knockdown of ATG7 or cotreatment with hydroxychloroquine, an autophagy inhibitor, restored sensitivity to 4OHT in both the MCF7/MTA1 and tamoxifen resistant cells. In addition, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was activated, probably because of an increased AMP:ATP ratio and decreased expression of mitochondrial electron transport complex components. Finally, publicly available breast cancer patient datasets indicate that MTA1 levels correlate with poor prognosis and development of recurrence in patients with breast cancer treated with tamoxifen. Overall, our findings demonstrated that MTA1 induces AMPK activation and subsequent autophagy that could contribute to tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dahae Koh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyelin Na
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Na-Lee Ka
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungsu Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ji Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungyoul Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kee Shin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University and Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Ock Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Mao X, Fan C, Yu X, Chen B, Jin F. DDEFL1 correlated with Rho GTPases activity in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112487-112497. [PMID: 29348842 PMCID: PMC5762527 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
DDEFL1 is related to maintaining a limiting amount of ARF6 in GTP-loaded form by accelerating its GTP hydrolysis activity, which has been implicated in hepatocellular cancer pathogenesis and lung cancer development. We investigated DDEFL1 expression in breast cancer and paired normal breast tissues by immunohistochemistry and found that DDEFL1 expression was significantly associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, high content of elastosis and TNM stage but not with menopausal status or age. We detected the mRNA and protein expression of DDEFL1 in breast cancer cell lines by Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). DDEFL1 was obvious in MDA-MB-435s and MDA-MB-231 but very weak in ZR-75-1. Further experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of DDEFL1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection on the biological behavior of MDA-MB-231. After transfection, the effects of DDEFL1 inhibition on expression of mRNA and protein were also analyzed by Western blotting and qRT-PCR. Increased apoptosis and invasive ability, decreased cellular proliferation was found in MDA-MB-231 with successful DDEFL1 siRNA transient transfection (p < 0.05). Western blotting and qRT-PCR results showed that the DDEFL1 inhibition up-regulated Caspase-3, Apaf-1, cytochrome c, and Bax expression and down-regulated Bcl-2 expression. The DDEFL1 inhibition also down-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of Rho, CDC42 and Rac1. Our study provided a functional linkage through DDEFL1 with breast cancer biological behaviours by Rho GTPases. Possible implication of our main finding for the DDEFL1 role in breast cancer and the downstream signaling pathways for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Mao
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Chuifeng Fan
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Xinmiao Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
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Chang CW, Yu JC, Hsieh YH, Yao CC, Chao JI, Chen PM, Hsieh HY, Hsiung CN, Chu HW, Shen CY, Cheng CW. MicroRNA-30a increases tight junction protein expression to suppress the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis by targeting Slug in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16462-78. [PMID: 26918943 PMCID: PMC4941328 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) transition is a prerequisite for conferring metastatic potential during tumor progression. microRNA-30a (miR-30a) expression was significantly lower in aggressive breast cancer cell lines compared with non-invasive breast cancer and non-malignant mammary epithelial cell lines. In contrast, miR-30a overexpression reversed the mesenchymal appearance of cancer cells to result in a cobblestone-like epithelial phenotype. We identified Slug, one of the master regulators of EMT, as a target of miR-30a using in silico prediction. Reporter assays indicated that miR-30a could bind to the 3'-untranslted region of Slug mRNA. Furthermore, we linked miR-30a to increased expression of claudins, a family of tight junction transmembrane proteins. An interaction between Slug and E-box in the claudin promoter sequences was reduced upon miR-30a overexpression, further leading to reduction of filopodia formation and decreased invasiveness/metastasis capabilities of breast cancer cells. Consistently, delivery of miR-30a in xenografted mice decreased tumor invasion and migration. In patients with breast cancer, a significantly elevated risk of the miR-30alow/CLDN2low/FSCNhigh genotype was observed, linking to a phenotypic manifestation of larger tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and advanced tumor stage among patients. In conclusion, the miR-30a/Slug axis inhibits mesenchymal tumor development by interfering with metastatic cancer cell programming and may be a potential target for therapy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Cherng Yu
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chin Yao
- Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jui-I Chao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ming Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yen Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ni Hsiung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Wei Chu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wen Cheng
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan
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High expression of cyclin D1 is associated to high proliferation rate and increased risk of mortality in women with ER-positive but not in ER-negative breast cancers. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 164:667-678. [PMID: 28528450 PMCID: PMC5495873 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Cyclin D1 has a central role in cell cycle control and is an important component of estrogen regulation of cell cycle progression. We have previously shown that high cyclin D expression is related to aggressive features of ER-positive but not ER-negative breast cancer. The aims of the present study were to validate this differential ER-related effect and furthermore explore the relationship between cyclin D overexpression and CCND1 gene amplification status in a node-negative breast cancer case–control study. Methods Immunohistochemical nuclear expression of cyclin D1 (n = 364) and amplification of the gene CCND1 by fluorescent in situ hybridization (n = 255) was performed on tissue microarray sections from patients with T1-2N0M0 breast cancer. Patients given adjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. The primary event was defined as breast cancer death. Breast cancer-specific survival was analyzed in univariate and multivariable models using conditional logistic regression. Results Expression of cyclin D1 above the median (61.7%) in ER breast cancer was associated with an increased risk for breast cancer death (OR 3.2 95% CI 1.5–6.8) also when adjusted for tumor size and grade (OR 3.1). No significant prognostic impact of cyclin D1 expression was found among ER-negative cases. Cyclin D1 overexpression was significantly associated to high expression of the proliferation markers cyclins A (ρ 0.19, p = 0.006) and B (ρ 0.18, p = 0.003) in ER-positive tumors, but not in ER-negative cases. There was a significant association between CCND1 amplification and cyclin D1 expression (p = 0.003), but CCND1 amplification was not statistically significantly prognostic (HR 1.4, 95% CI 0.4–4.4). Conclusion We confirmed our previous observation that high cyclin D1 expression is associated to high proliferation and a threefold higher risk of death from breast cancer in ER-positive breast cancer.
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Jin J, Zhan P, Katoh M, Kobayashi SS, Phan K, Qian H, Li H, Wang X, Wang X, Song Y. Prognostic significance of β-catenin expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2017; 6:97-108. [PMID: 28331830 PMCID: PMC5344847 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2017.02.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-catenin is a key component of the canonical Wnt pathway, which plays pivotal roles in malignant transformation and cancer progression. Several studies have reported the clinical significance of the expression level of β-catenin in different subcellular locations. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the prognostic value of β-catenin expression patterns in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS PubMed and Embase databases were searched to identify all articles referring to the association between β-catenin expression level and outcomes of patients of NSCLC up to November 2016. We included eligible studies to summarize the extracted data in terms of pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS A total of 24 studies published between 2000 and 2016 were eligible for this meta-analysis. The total number of patients with NSCLC included was 2,807. Pooled HRs and 95% CIs suggested that positive β-catenin expression in membrane was associated with higher survival rates (HR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.32-0.87), whereas β-catenin expression in cytoplasm and nucleus had unfavorable impacts on survival rates with HR of 1.63 (95% CI: 1.34-1.99) and HR of 3.15 (95% CI: 1.97-5.05), respectively. But, there was no significant association between β-catenin expression in abnormal pattern with prognosis (HR: 1.38; 95% CI: 0.61-3.15). Publication bias was absent in all of the four outcomes. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the results of this meta-analysis were robust. CONCLUSIONS Reduced membranous β-catenin, positive expression of cytoplasmic or nuclear β-catenin is all correlated with poor prognosis, although we did not identify a significant association between abnormal β-catenin expression and clinical outcome of NSCLC patients. The meta-analysis suggested that membranous, cytoplasmic and nuclear β-catenin all could serve as an important prognosticator for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Masaru Katoh
- Department of Omics Network, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 1040045, Japan
| | - Susumu S Kobayashi
- Lung Cancer Research Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02215, USA
| | - Kevin Phan
- The Collaborative Research (CORE) Group, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hong Qian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, China
| | - Xihua Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
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Pan Y, Jiao G, Wang C, Yang J, Yang W. MicroRNA-421 inhibits breast cancer metastasis by targeting metastasis associated 1. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:1398-1406. [PMID: 27583980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of microRNAs is involved in the initiation and progression of several human cancers, including breast cancer, as strong evidence of miRNAs acting as oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes has been found. This study was performed to investigate the biological functions of microRNA-421 (miR-421) in breast cancer and the underlying mechanisms. The expression level of miR-421 was detected in 50 pairs of surgical specimens and human breast cancer cell lines. The results showed that miR-421 is downregulated in breast cancer tissues and metastatic cell lines. In addition, the decrease in miR-421 levels was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, recurrence/metastasis, or pTNM stage. Functions of miR-421 in cell migration and invasion were assessed through its silencing and overexpression. The results showed that miR-421 knockdown promotes invasion and metastasis in MCF-7 cells and its overexpression suppresses invasion and metastasis in MDA-MB-231 cells. The specific target genes of miR-421 were predicted by TargetScan algorithm and determined by dual luciferase reporter assay, quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR, and western blot analysis. miR-421 could suppress luciferase activity of the reporter containing 3'-untranslated region of metastasis associated 1 (MTA1), a potent oncogene. miR-421 overexpression or knockdown had no effect on the mRNA expression of MTA1, but it could modulate MTA1 protein level. Furthermore, MTA1 knockdown receded the effect of miR-421 inhibitor on invasion and metastasis of MCF-7 cells, and its overexpression receded the effect of miR-421 on invasion and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Our findings clearly demonstrate that miR-421 suppresses breast cancer metastasis by directly inhibiting MTA1 expression. The present study provides a new insight into the tumour suppressor roles of miR-421 and suggests that miR-421/MTA1 pathway is a putative therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqin Pan
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Genlong Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Cunchuan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Jingge Yang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Wah Yang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
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Prognostic Value of EMT-inducing Transcription Factors (EMT-TFs) in Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28587. [PMID: 27335258 PMCID: PMC4917825 DOI: 10.1038/srep28587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a vital control point in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). TWIST1, SNAIL1, SLUG, and ZEB1, as key EMT-inducing transcription factors (EMT-TFs), are involved in MBC through different signaling cascades. This updated meta-analysis was conducted to assess the correlation between the expression of EMT-TFs and prognostic value in MBC patients. A total of 3,218 MBC patients from fourteen eligible studies were evaluated. The pooled hazard ratios (HR) for EMT-TFs suggested that high EMT-TF expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis in MBC patients (HRs = 1.72; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) = 1.53–1.93; P = 0.001). In addition, the overexpression of SLUG was the most impactful on the risk of MBC compared with TWIST1 and SNAIL1, which sponsored fixed models. Strikingly, the increased risk of MBC was less associated with ZEB1 expression. However, the EMT-TF expression levels significantly increased the risk of MBC in the Asian population (HR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.70–2.62) without any publication bias (t = 1.70, P = 0.11). These findings suggest that the overexpression of potentially TWIST1, SNAIL1 and especially SLUG play a key role in the aggregation of MBC treatment as well as in the improvement of follow-up plans in Asian MBC patients.
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Zhao L, Niu F, Shen H, Liu X, Chen L, Niu Y. Androgen receptor and metastasis-associated protein-1 are frequently expressed in estrogen receptor negative/HER2 positive breast cancer. Virchows Arch 2016; 468:687-96. [PMID: 27026268 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-016-1930-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The prognostic value of androgen receptor (AR) and its related molecules in breast cancer is not well characterized. We retrospectively investigated 120 ER(+) and 120 ER(-) invasive breast cancers of 240 women, who were treated at our institution between January 2008 and December 2009. We excluded in situ, recurrent, metastatic, and bilateral carcinomas as well as non-epithelial lesions. Median follow-up was 74 months. Immunohistochemical assessment of expression of AR and metastasis-associated protein-1 (MTA1) resulted in 59.2 % (n = 142) AR(+) and 36.7 % (n = 88) high MTA1 expressing (MTA1(High)) carcinomas. MTA1(High) tumors were significantly more often ER(-), while AR(+) tumors were significantly more often HER2(+) (p < 0.01). MTA1(High)/ER(-) tumors were more often AR(-)/HER2(-) (p < 0.01). Patients with an AR(+)/ER(+) tumor had better disease-free survival (DFS; p = 0.011). Patients with an ER(-)/MTA1(High) tumor had significantly shorter DFS (p = 0.006) as well as patients with an AR(+)/HER2(+) tumor (p < 0.01). In Cox models, AR expression (HR, 0.248; 95 % CI, 0.086-0.716) and lymph node status (HR, 6.401; 95 % CI, 1.428-28.686) were independent predictors for DFS in ER(+) cancers, whereas AR(+)/HER2(+) expression status (HR, 2.927; 95 % CI, 1.256-6.821) and lymph node status (HR, 2.690; 95 % CI, 1.041-7.840) were independent predictors for DFS in ER(-) cancers. We show that AR might be an additional marker for endocrine responsiveness in ER(+) cancers and suggests that blocking MTA1 might be an effective way to inhibit AR/HER2 signaling in ER(-) breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, West Huanhu Road, Ti Yuan Bei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Fengting Niu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, West Huanhu Road, Ti Yuan Bei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Honghong Shen
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, West Huanhu Road, Ti Yuan Bei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, West Huanhu Road, Ti Yuan Bei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, West Huanhu Road, Ti Yuan Bei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yun Niu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, West Huanhu Road, Ti Yuan Bei, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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WANG ZHAOXIA, LI LI, WANG YANG. Effects of Per2 overexpression on growth inhibition and metastasis, and on MTA1, nm23-H1 and the autophagy-associated PI3K/PKB signaling pathway in nude mice xenograft models of ovarian cancer. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4561-8. [PMID: 27082164 PMCID: PMC4878548 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between Period2 (Per2) and the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer, in addition to evaluating the effect of this gene on the growth and metastasis of ovarian cancer in nude mice xenograft models. The detection of Per2 by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) and western blotting methods at various stages of ovarian cancer in tumor tissue samples was conducted. Nude mice xenograft models of ovarian cancer were constructed using an ovarian cancer cell line and, using a gene transfection technique, exogenous infusion of the recombinant gene, Per2, was performed. To assess for the successful and stable expression of Per2 in the tumor tissue, levels of Per2 expression in the nude mice xenograft models were detected by RT‑qPCR. During the experimental period, the tumor volumes were measured every three days. Two weeks following treatment cessation, the nude mice were sacrificed and the tumor weight and volume were measured. Furthermore, detection of the changes in expression levels of metastasis‑associated gene 1 (MTA‑1) and tumor metastasis suppressor gene, non‑metastasis protein 23‑H1 (nm23‑H1), and the expression change of autophagy‑associated signal transduction pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB) kinase were analyzed. The findings demonstrated that with ovarian cancer stage development, the expression of Per2 gradually reduced or ceased. In addition, exogenous Per2 was successfully and stably expressed in nude mice tumor tissue samples. Furthermore, in the Per2 overexpression group, MTA‑1 protein expression was significantly reduced when compared with the phosphate‑buffered saline (PBS) control and empty plasmid groups, while nm23‑H1 protein expression was significantly higher when compared with those two groups. The expression levels of PI3K and PKB kinase, which are marker proteins of the autophagy associated signaling pathway PI3K/PKB, were significantly downregulated, when compared with the PBS control and empty plasmid groups (P<0.001). Thus, it was demonstrated that Per2 is closely associated with the development of ovarian cancer, and late‑stage ovarian cancer is associated with Per2 mutation or deletion. Per2 overexpression, via exogenous infusion reduced the ovarian cancer growth rate, which was demonstrated by a significant increase in the tumor inhibition rate. In addition, Per2 may inhibit the expression of MTA‑1 and promote the expression of nm23‑H1 to restrict ovarian tumor growth and metastasis. Finally, it is hypothesized that Per2 affects autophagy by interfering with the PI3K/PKB signaling pathway, causing inhibition of tumor angiogenesis in order to inhibit tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZHAOXIA WANG
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - LI LI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - YANG WANG
- Bank of China Shanxi Branch, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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Bounaama A, Enayat S, Ceyhan MS, Moulahoum H, Djerdjouri B, Banerjee S. Ethanolic Extract of Bark fromSalix aegyptiacaAmeliorates 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Mice by Reducing Oxidative Stress. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:495-506. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1152379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Zhang DP, Li XW, Lang JH. Prognostic Value of β-catenin Expression in Breast Cancer Patients: a Meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:5625-33. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.14.5625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Abstract
Since the initial recognition of the metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) as a metastasis-relevant gene approximately 20 years ago, our appreciation for the complex role of the MTA family of coregulatory proteins in human cancer has profoundly grown. MTA proteins consist of six family members with similar structural units and act as central signaling nodes for integrating upstream signals into regulatory chromatin-remodeling networks, leading to regulation of gene expression in cancer cells. Substantial experimental and clinical evidence demonstrates that MTA proteins, particularly MTA1, are frequently deregulated in a wide range of human cancers. The MTA family governs cell survival, the invasive and metastatic phenotypes of cancer cells, and the aggressiveness of cancer and the prognosis of patients with MTA1 overexpressing cancers. Our discussion here highlights our current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms and functional roles of MTA proteins in cancer progression and expands upon the potential implications of MTA proteins in cancer biology and cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Qiang Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Epigenetics in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas M.D., Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Abstract
Gene mutation's role in initiating carcinogenesis has been controversial, but it is consensually accepted that both carcinogenesis and cancer metastasis are gene-regulated processes. MTA1, a metastasis-associated protein, has been extensively researched, especially regarding its role in cancer metastasis. In this review, I try to elucidate MTA1's role in both carcinogenesis and metastasis from a different angle. I propose that MTA1 is a stress response protein that is upregulated in various stress-related situations such as heat shock, hypoxia, and ironic radiation. Cancer cells are mostly living in a stressful environment of hypoxia, lack of nutrition, and immune reaction attacks. To cope with all these stresses, MTA1 expression is upregulated, plays a role of master regulator of gene expression, and helps cancer cells to survive and migrate out of their original dwelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-An Wang
- State Key Lab for Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, China,
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Abstract
Among the genes that were found to be abundantly overexpressed in highly metastatic rat cell lines compared to poorly metastatic cell lines, we identified a completely novel complementary DNA (cDNA) without any homologous or related genes in the database in 1994. The full-length cDNA of this rat gene was cloned, sequenced, and named metastasis-associated gene 1 (mta1), and eventually, its human cDNA counterpart, MTA1, was also cloned and sequenced by our group. MTA1 has now been identified as one of the members of a gene family (MTA gene family) and the products of the MTA genes, the MTA proteins, are transcriptional co-regulators that function in histone deacetylation and nucleosome remodeling and have been found in nuclear histone remodeling complexes. Furthermore, MTA1 along with its protein product MTA1 has been repeatedly and independently reported to be overexpressed in a vast range of human cancers and cancer cell lines compared to non-cancerous tissues and cell lines. The expression levels of MTA1 correlate well with the malignant properties of human cancers, strongly suggesting that MTA1 and possibly other MTA proteins (and their genes) could be a new class of molecular targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Toh
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan,
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Yuan T, Zhang H, Liu B, Zhang Q, Liang Y, Zheng R, Deng J, Zhang X. Expression of MTA1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its correlation with prognosis. Med Oncol 2014; 31:330. [PMID: 25416046 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0330-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) is related to tumour metastasis and poor prognosis in various human cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of MTA1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and explore the prognostic value of MTA1 in NPC patients. The expression of MTA1 in 136 human NPC tissues and 20 normal nasopharyngeal tissues was detected using immunohistochemistry, quantified and classified into low or high expression using a 50% cut-off level. The relationships of MTA1 expression with the clinical characteristics and survival of patients were analysed. MTA1-positive staining was observed in the nuclei of NPC cells, and MTA1 expression was significantly correlated with T stage (P = 0.006), clinical stage (P = 0.001) and distant metastasis (P < 0.001). Patients with high MTA1 expression exhibited significantly worse distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) than those with low MTA1 expression (90.75% vs. 70.81%, P = 0.017). Multivariate survival analysis revealed that MTA1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for DMFS (P = 0.038). In this study, high MTA1 expression was significantly associated with poor DMFS in NPC, indicating that MTA1 could serve as a novel biomarker for assessing the metastatic potential of NPC and could act as a possible therapeutic target for the treatment of metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taize Yuan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 78, Hengzhigang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510095, Guangdong, China
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Abstract
The subcellular localization of a protein is closely linked to and indicates its function. The metastatic tumor antigen (MTA) family has been under continuous investigation since its identification two decades ago. MTA1, MTA2, and MTA3 are the main members of the MTA family. MTA1, as the representative member of this family, has been shown to be widely expressed in both embryonic and adult tissues, as well as in normal and cancerous conditions, indicating that MTA1 has functions both in physiological and pathological contexts. MTA1 is expressed at a higher level in most cancers than in their normal tissue counterparts. Even in normal cells, MTA1 levels vary a great deal from tissue to tissue. Importantly, MTA1 shows a multiple localization pattern in the cell, as do MTA2 and MTA3. Different MTA components in different subcellular compartments may exert different molecular functions in the cell. Previous studies revealed that MTA1 and MTA2 are predominately localized to the nucleus, while MTA3 is observed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Recent studies have reported that MTA1 is located in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and the nuclear envelope. In the nucleus, MTA1 dynamically interacts with chromatin in a MTA1-K532 methylation-dependent manner, whereas cytoplasmic MTA1 binds to the microtubule skeleton. MTA1 also shows a dynamic distribution during the cell cycle. Further investigations are needed to identify the exact subcellular localizations of MTA proteins. We review the sub-cellular localization patterns of the MTA family members and give a comprehensive overview of their respective molecular activities in multiple contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, China
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Levenson AS, Kumar A, Zhang X. MTA family of proteins in prostate cancer: biology, significance, and therapeutic opportunities. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2014; 33:929-42. [PMID: 25332143 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-014-9519-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of MTA family members, particularly MTA1, with a special emphasis on prostate cancer. The interest for the role of MTA1 in prostate cancer was boosted from our initial findings of MTA1 as a component of "vicious cycle" and a member of bone metastatic signature. Analysis of human prostate tissues, xenograft and transgenic mouse models of prostate cancer, and prostate cancer cell lines has provided support for the role of MTA1 in advanced disease and its potential role in initial stages of prostate tumor progression. Recent discoveries have highlighted a critical role for MTA1 in inflammation-triggered prostate tumorigenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, prostate cancer survival pathways, and site metastasis. Evidence for MTA1 as an upstream negative regulator of tumor suppressor genes such as p53 and PTEN has also emerged. MTA1 is involved in prostate tumor angiogenesis by regulating several pro-angiogenic factors. Evidence for MTA1 as a prognostic marker for aggressive prostate cancer and disease recurrence has been described. Importantly, pharmacological dietary agents, namely resveratrol and its analogs, are potentially applicable to prostate cancer prevention, treatment, and control of cancer progression due to their potent inhibitory effects on MTA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anait S Levenson
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA,
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Bishayee A, Mandal A. Trianthema portulacastrum Linn. exerts chemoprevention of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumorigenesis in rats. Mutat Res 2014; 768:107-118. [PMID: 24451939 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to limited treatment options for advanced-stage metastatic breast cancer, a high priority should be given to develop non-toxic chemopreventive drugs. The value of various natural and dietary agents to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer is well established. Trianthema portulacastrum Linn. (Aizoaceae), a dietary and medicinal plant, has been found to exert antihepatotoxic and antihepatocarcinogenic properties in rodents. This study was initiated to investigate mechanism-based chemopreventive potential of an ethanolic extract of T. portulacastrum (TPE) against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-initiated rat mammary gland carcinogenesis, an experimental tumor model that closely resembles human breast cancer. Rats had access to a basal diet supplemented with TPE to yield three dietary doses of the extract, i.e., 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. Following two weeks of TPE treatment, mammary tumorigenesis was initiated by oral administration of DMBA (50 mg/kg body weight). At the end of the study (16 weeks after DMBA exposure), TPE exhibited a striking reduction of DMBA-induced mammary tumor incidence, total tumor burden and average tumor weight and reversed intratumor histopathological alterations. TPE dose-dependently suppressed proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cyclin D1 expression, induced apoptosis, upregulated proapoptotic protein Bax, downregulated antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and diminished the expression of nuclear and cytosolic β-catenin in mammary tumors. Our results clearly provide the first experimental evidence that TPE exerts chemopreventive effect in the classical DMBA model of breast cancer by suppressing abnormal cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis mediated through alteration of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Mechanistically, TPE is capable of diminishing activated canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling to exhibit antiproliferative, proapoptotic and oncostatic effects during an early-stage breast cancer. These results may encourage further studies to explore full potential of T. portulacastrum phytoconstituents as breast cancer chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, American University of Health Sciences, Signal Hill, CA 90755, USA.
| | - Animesh Mandal
- Cancer Therapeutics and Chemoprevention Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
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He J, Wang H, Ma F, Feng F, Lin C, Qian H. Prognosis of lymph node-negative breast cancer: Association with clinicopathological factors and tumor associated gene expression. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:1717-1724. [PMID: 25202398 PMCID: PMC4156224 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the prognosis of lymph node-negative breast cancer patients and clinicopathological factors, as well as the association between tumor-associated gene expression and prognosis. Clinical data and survival information was collected for 341 patients with lymph node-negative breast cancer, admitted to the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Beijing, China) from 1995 to 1999. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-rank tests were used to evaluate the association of clinical parameters and prognosis. In addition, the gene expression of HER2, TOP2A and CCND1 in patients with good [disease-free survival (DFS), ≥5 years] and poor (DFS, <5 years) prognoses was analyzed. The clinicopathological factors of the 341 lymph node-negative breast cancer patients were determined. The 5-year DFS and overall survival rate (OS) in patients >35 years old was higher as compared with those of patients under the age of 35. Tumor size significantly affected the 5-year DFS. Patients with smaller tumors (≤2 cm) had a significantly higher DFS rate as compared with patients with larger tumors (>2 cm). Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive patients had a significantly higher 5-year DFS and OS rate as compared with ER-negative patients. By contrast, there were no significant differences in the 5-year DFS and OS rates between progesterone receptor-positive and -negative patients. The 5-year DFS and OS rates were significantly higher in patients treated with adjuvant hormone therapy, as compared with patients without hormone therapy. The expression of HER2 protein was higher in patients with a poor prognosis as compared with those with a good prognosis; however, there were no differences in the protein expression of CCND1 and TOP2A between patients with a good and poor prognosis. The results of quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that the gene expression of HER2 and CCND1 was higher in patients with a poor prognosis as compared with that in patients with a good prognosis. TOP2A gene expression was not significantly different between patients with a poor and good prognosis. The age at diagnosis, tumor size, ER status and hormone therapy were associated with prognosis in patients with lymph node-negative breast cancer. The molecular biomarker, HER2, but not CCND1 or TOP2A, may be a critical factor for predicting prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Haijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Fengyi Feng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Chen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Haili Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
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Luo H, Li H, Yao N, Hu L, He T. Metastasis-associated protein 1 as a new prognostic marker for solid tumors: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:5823-32. [PMID: 24599674 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1772-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) is a molecular marker in various solid tumors that has recently been investigated. The prognostic significance of MAT1 expression remains controversial. In this work, we aimed to determine the relationship between immunohistochemistry-detected MAT1 expression and survival of patients with solid tumors by conducting a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Relevant studies were identified via an electronic database search updated on October 28, 2013. We included cohort studies that reported hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) to determine the association of high MTA1 expression with overall survival (OS) and clinicopathological characteristics. Heterogeneity was quantified using I (2) statistics, and publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the robustness of meta-analysis findings. We identified 16 cohort studies that focused on MTA1 overexpression and prognosis involving 2,253 cancer patients. Overall, the combined HR for OS was 1.85 (95 % CI: 1.55-2.28, P<0.001). Omission of any single study had no significant effect on the pooled HR estimate. When the studies were stratified by tumor type, similar results of poor prognosis were observed in non-small cell lung cancer (HR=2.05, 95 % CI: 1.14-3.68, P=0.016) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HR=1.86, 95 % CI: 1.44-2.39, P<0.001). Moreover, multivariate survival analysis showed that MTA1 overexpression was an independent predictor of poor prognosis (HR=1.90, 95 % CI: 1.53-2.37, P<0.001). In addtional, MTA1 overexpression was significantly associated with tumor size (OR=2.72, 95 % CI=1.44-5.14, P=0.002), tumor stage (OR=2.44, 95 % CI=1.67-3.57, P<0.001), depth of invasion (OR=2.63, 95 % CI=1.74-3.97, P<0.001), and lymph node metastasis (OR=2.57, 95 % CI=1.57-4.19, P<0.001). However, when age, sex, and tumor differentiation were considered, no obvious association was observed. This study provides a comprehensive examination of the literature available on the association of MTA1 overexpression with OS and some clinicopathological features in solid tumors. Meta-analysis results provide evidence that MTA1 may be a new indicator of poor cancer prognosis. Considering the limitations of the eligible studies, other large-scale prospective trials must be conducted to clarify the prognostic value of MTA1 in predicting cancer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Luo
- Center of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, China
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Thakur R, Mishra DP. Pharmacological modulation of beta-catenin and its applications in cancer therapy. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 17:449-56. [PMID: 23490077 PMCID: PMC3822645 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta-catenin (β-catenin) is a multifunction protein with a central role in physiological homeostasis. Its abnormal expression leads to various diseases including cancer. In normal physiology, β-catenin either maintains integrity of epithelial tissues or controls transcription of various genes on extracellular instigations. In epithelial tissues, β-catenin functions as a component of the cadherin protein complex and regulates epithelial cell growth and intracellular adhesion. In Wnt signalling, β-catenin is a major transcriptional modulator and plays a crucial role in embryogenesis, stem cell renewal and organ regeneration. Aberrant expression of β-catenin can induce malignant pathways in normal cells and its abnormal activity is also exploited by existing malignant programmes. It acts as an oncogene and modulates transcription of genes to drive cancer initiation, progression, survival and relapse. Abnormal expression and function of β-catenin in cancer makes it a putative drug target. In the past decade, various attempts have been made to identify and characterize various pharmacological inhibitors of β-catenin. Many of these inhibitors are currently being investigated for their anticancer activities in a variety of cancers. The first half of this review will focus on the role of β-catenin in cancer initiation, maintenance, progression and relapse whereas the second half will briefly summarize the recent progress in development of agents for the pharmacological modulation of β-catenin activity in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Thakur
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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