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Pei S, Huang JQ, Liang HW, Liu Y, Chen L, Yu BB, Huang W, Pan XB. Adjuvant treatment patterns for pT3N0M0 esophageal cancer undergoing surgery. Dis Esophagus 2024; 37:doae026. [PMID: 38553783 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
To assess adjuvant treatment patterns on survival in patients with pT3N0M0 esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Stage pT3N0M0 esophageal cancer patients were assessed between 2000 and 2020 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results databases. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare overall survival (OS) among various treatment patterns. We identified 445 patients: 252 (56.6%) received surgery alone, 85 (19.1%) received surgery+chemoradiotherapy, 80 (18.0%) underwent surgery+chemotherapy, and 28 (6.3%) received surgery+ radiotherapy. For squamous cell carcinoma, surgery+chemoradiotherapy ([hazard ratio] HR = 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65-1.66; P = 0.873), surgery+chemotherapy (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.42-1.22; P = 0.221), and surgery+radiotherapy (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.74-2.39; P = 0.341) had similar OS compared to surgery alone. For adenocarcinoma, surgery+chemoradiotherapy (HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.36-0.74; P < 0.001) and surgery+chemotherapy (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.42-0.87; P = 0.006) had better OS compared to surgery alone. However, surgery+radiotherapy had a comparable OS (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.44-1.49; P = 0.495).Adjuvant treatments did not improve survival in stage pT3N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. In contrast, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapy were recommended for esophageal adenocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Pei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiang-Qiong Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Huan-Wei Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bin-Bin Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xin-Bin Pan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Wei MX, Song X, Zhao XK, Han WL, Bao QD, Han XN, Xu RH, Li XM, Fan ZM, Wang R, Li XS, Hu JF, Li J, Li B, Tan HF, Gao SG, Zhou FY, Wang LD. Clinicopathological characteristics and postoperative prognosis of patients with nuclear pedigree of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1190457. [PMID: 37538122 PMCID: PMC10396289 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1190457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with nuclear pedigree of esophageal cancer. The clinicopathological data and follow-up information of 3,260 patients from different nuclear pedigree of esophageal cancer who underwent radical resection of esophageal cancer were collected, and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of the patients were analyzed. The male to female ratio of 3,260 patients with esophageal cancer was 1.7:1. The diagnosis age was ranged from 32 to 85 (60.2 ± 8.1) years old. About 53.8% of the patients were ≥ 60 years old; About 88.8% of the patients came from the high incidence area of esophageal cancer; About 82.5% of the tumors were located in the middle and lower segments of esophagus; Poor, moderate and well differentiation accounted for 26.6%, 61.9% and 11.5% respectively; The surgical margin accounted for 94.3%; 47.6% of the tumors were shorter than 4 cm in length; Clinicopathological TNM stage (0+I) accounted for 15.2%, and stage II, III and IV accounted for 54.5%, 29.9% and 0.4%, respectively. Cox analysis showed that male, diagnosed age ≥ 60 years, tumor located in neck and upper esophageal segments, poor differentiation, tumor length ≥ 4 cm, and advanced TNM were independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients in nuclear pedigree with esophageal cancer. Gender, diagnosis age, tumor location, degree of differentiation, tumor length and TNM stage are the influencing factors for the prognosis of patients with nuclear pedigree of esophageal cancer, which will provide important data for the future study of esophageal cancer family aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xia Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xue Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi De Bao
- Oncology Department, He’nan Puyang Municipal Any Ang Area Hospital, Anyang, China
| | - Xue Nan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Min Li
- Department of Pathology, The Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zong Min Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xing Song Li
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Feng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Language, Zhengzhou White Gown Translation Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Fang Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
| | - She Gan Gao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Fu You Zhou
- Oncology Prevention Office, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang, China
| | - Li Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Liu GL, Wang X, Hu HF, Nie ZH, Ming W, Long XL, Zhang WH, Zhang XH, Huang J, Jiang WL, Xie SP. The Application of Two-Stage Operation for High-Risk Patients with Oesophageal Cancer Following Gastrectomy. J Gastrointest Surg 2022; 26:2033-2040. [PMID: 35915374 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-022-05414-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oesophageal replacement by colonic interposition remains a major challenge due to its complexity and high incidence of complications; here we applied the two-stage operation strategy to oesophageal replacement by colonic interposition in high-risk oesophageal cancer patients following gastrectomy. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis on the data of patients with a history of distal gastrectomy who underwent one-stage and two-stage oesophageal replacement by colonic interposition from February 2012 to February 2020, and explored the relationship between the staging strategy and postoperative outcomes. RESULTS The clinical data of 93 patients were collected and analysed. There were no significant differences in the patients' characteristics between the two groups (all p > 0.05), except for comorbidities and Charlson Comorbidity Index (all p < 0.05). The Clavien-Dindo score between the two groups was also not significantly different (p > 0.05). The logistic regression models revealed that patients who had received preoperative therapy had a higher Clavien-Dindo score (p < 0.05), but the stage strategy did not (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The two-stage operation is feasible in high-risk patients who need to undergo colonic interposition for oesophageal replacement. At the same time, it lowers the technical threshold of colonic interposition for oesophageal replacement, increasing this surgical technique's acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Li Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan City, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanyang Centre Hospital, Gongnong Road 312, Henan Province, 473000, Nanyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Feng Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan City, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hao Nie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan City, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ming
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yangxin County, Yangxin People's Hospital, Hubei Province, Ruxue Road 81, Huangshi City, 435200, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Lin Long
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan City, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Han Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan City, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Hua Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan City, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan City, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Li Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan City, 430060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Song-Ping Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan City, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Zhuang W, Wu H, Chen R, Ben X, Huang S, Zhou Z, Wu J, Tang Y, Qiao G. The staging performance of a modified tumor-node-metastasis staging system incorporated with lymphovascular invasion in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1018827. [PMID: 36313719 PMCID: PMC9608179 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1018827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is recognized as an unfavorable prognostic factor for many solid tumors. However, its staging value has not been adequately illustrated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS The clinicopathologic relevance and prognostic impact of LVI were retrospectively analyzed in 822 patients with surgically treated ESCC. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the independent prognostic factors. Subgroup analyses stratified by pathological stages, nodal status and invasive depth were conducted using Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Multiple staging models based on overall survival (OS) were constructed using Cox regression and evaluated by Harrell's concordance index (C-index), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification index (NRI). RESULTS LVI was detected in 24.6% of ESCC patients, and its prevalence increased with a higher pathological stage (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, LVI was found to be an independent prognostic factor for OS [Hazard ratio (HR) = 1.545, 95% CI, 1.201-1.986), and was associated with unfavorable outcomes in stage I to III ESCC, regardless of nodal status and invasive depth. The staging model that incorporated LVI as an independent factor achieved the greatest improvement in accuracy (ΔC-index: 2.9%), and the greatest added value (IDI 2.8%, p < 0.01; NRI 13.7%, p < 0.05) for prediction of OS in ESCC patients. CONCLUSIONS LVI can facilitate further survival stratification in ESCC patients. The adoption of LVI as an independent staging factor in the current cancer staging system should be considered and further validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hansheng Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Rixin Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaosong Ben
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shujie Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zihao Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhan Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guibin Qiao, ; Yong Tang,
| | - Guibin Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Guibin Qiao, ; Yong Tang,
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5
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Wang Y, Xiao P, Yang N, Wang X, Ma K, Wu L, Zhang W, Zhuang X, Xie T, Fang Q, Lan M, Wang Q, Peng L. Unresected small lymph node assessment predicts prognosis for patients with pT3N0M0 thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:303. [PMID: 34657600 PMCID: PMC8522218 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of unresected small lymph nodes (LNs) which may contain metastases for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC) has not been addressed. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of unresected small LNs assessment using computed tomography (CT) in prognostic estimates of pT3N0M0 TESCC patients. Methods Between January 2009 and December 2017, 294 patients who underwent esophagectomy with R0 resection at Sichuan Cancer Hospital were retrospectively examined, and the last follow-up time was July 2018. Patients were classified into CT-suspect and CT-negative groups according to the shortest diameter and the shape (axial ratio) of the unresected small LNs on preoperative CT. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to compare survival differences in prognostic factors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for survival and recurrence. Results Eighty-four patients (28.6%) were classified as CT-suspect group according to the diagnostic criteria; survival analysis suggested that CT-suspect group of patients had a relatively poorer prognosis (P<0.05). Cox regression analysis indicated that unresected small LNs status, tumor grade, and postoperative adjuvant therapy were independent prognostic factors for patients with pT3N0M0 TESCC (P<0.05). Further analysis shown the rates of total recurrence (TR) and locoregional recurrence (LR) in the CT-suspect group were significantly higher than that in the CT-negative group (TR, P<0.001; LR, P<0.001). Among the LRs, the rate of supraclavicular lymph node recurrence in the CT-suspect group was significantly higher than that in the CT-negative group (P<0.001). Conclusions Unresected small lymph node assessment is critically important and predict prognosis for pT3N0M0 TESCC patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12957-021-02412-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, No.55,Section 4,South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610042, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ningjing Yang
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, No.55,Section 4,South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610042, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of PET/CT center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianpeng Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Lan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, No.55,Section 4,South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610042, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qifeng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, No.55,Section 4,South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610042, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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Figueroa-Giralt M, Valenzuela C, Torrealba A, Csendes A, Braghetto I, Lanzarini E, Musleh M, Korn O, Valladares H, CortÉs S. LYMPHOPARIETAL INDEX IN ESOPHAGEAL CANCER IS STRONGER THAN TNM STAGING IN LONG-TERM SURVIVAL PROGNOSIS IN A LATIN-AMERICAN COUNTRY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 33:e1547. [PMID: 33470377 PMCID: PMC7812684 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020200003e1547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of prognostic factors of esophageal cancer has allowed to predict the evolution of patients. AIM Assess different prognostic factors of long-term survival of esophageal cancer and evaluate a new prognostic factor of long-term survival called lymphoparietal index (N+/T). METHOD Prospective study of the Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital, between January 2004 and December 2013. Included all esophageal cancer surgeries with curative intent and cervical anastomosis. Exclusion criteria included: stage 4 cancers, R1 resections, palliative procedures and emergency surgeries. RESULTS Fifty-eight patients were included, 62.1% were men, the average age was 63.3 years. A total of 48.3% were squamous, 88% were advanced cancers, the average lymph node harvest was 17.1. Post-operative surgical morbidity was 75%, with a 17.2% of reoperations and 3.4% of mortality. The average overall survival was 41.3 months, the 3-year survival was 31%. Multivariate analysis of the prognostic factors showed that significant variables were anterior mediastinal ascent (p=0.01, OR: 6.7 [1.43-31.6]), anastomotic fistula (p=0.03, OR: 0.21 [0.05-0.87]), N classification (p=0.02, OR: 3.8 [1.16-12.73]), TNM stage (p=0.04, OR: 2.8 [1.01-9.26]), and lymphoparietal index (p=0.04, RR: 3.9 [1.01-15.17]. The ROC curves of lymphoparietal index, N classification and TNM stage have areas under the curve of 0.71, 0.63 and 0.64 respectively, with significant statistical difference (p=0.01). CONCLUSION The independent prognostic factors of long-term survival in esophageal cancer are anterior mediastinal ascent, anastomotic fistula, N classification, TNM stage and lymphoparietal index. In esophageal cancer the new lymphoparietal index is stronger than TNM stage in long-term survival prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catalina Valenzuela
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Torrealba
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Attila Csendes
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Italo Braghetto
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Lanzarini
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maher Musleh
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Owen Korn
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hector Valladares
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Solange CortÉs
- Department of Surgery, Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
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7
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Wang Q, Peng L, Li T, Dai W, Jiang Y, Xie T, Fang Q, Wang Y, Wu L, Cao B, Han Y, Lang J. Postoperative Chemotherapy for Thoracic Pathological T3N0M0 Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 27:1488-1495. [PMID: 31974708 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-08112-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of postoperative chemotherapy (POCT) in pathologic T3N0M0 thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC) has not been well addressed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy on survival, recurrence, and toxicities in pathologic T3N0M0 TESCC. METHODS This study included 582 patients with pT3N0M0 TESCC who were treated at Sichuan Cancer Hospital from January 2009 to December 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: surgery plus postoperative chemotherapy group (S + POCT), and surgery group (S group). Propensity score matching was used to create patient groups that were balanced across several covariates (n = 236 in each group). Outcome measures included overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS After PSM, both groups have balance factors. S + POCT have significantly improved the 5-year OS and DFS (OS, 70.8% vs. 52.8%, p <0.0001; DFS, 66.5% vs. 50.2%, p < 0.0001). Multivariate Cox analyses in the matched samples revealed that S + POCT were independently associated with longer OS (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.56, 95% confidence index (CI) 0.41-0.77, p < 0.0001) and longer DFS (HR = 0.60, 95% CI 0.45-0.82, p = 0.001) than surgery alone. Subgroup analyses showed that prognostic effect of POCT was significantly influenced by the number of resected lymph node (≤ 20) and pStage IIB but not influenced by the number of node > 20 and pStage IIA. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is strongly associated with improved OS and DFS in patients with pT3N0M0 TESCC. A multicenter, randomized, phase III clinical trial is warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinchun Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianpeng Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Bangrong Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongtao Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jinyi Lang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institution, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Li T, Fu X, Xiao L, Su L, Dai Y, Yao Q, Li J. The long-term impact of tumor burden in pT3N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A propensity score-matched analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17637. [PMID: 31626150 PMCID: PMC6824748 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of tumor burden on the survival of patients with pathologic T3N0M0 (pT3N0M0) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).A total of 84 patients with pathologic T3N0M0 ESCC treated with radical esophagectomy and 3-field lymphadenectomy (3-FL) from January 2008 to December 2009 in our center were analyzed. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to calculate the optimal cutoff value. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to assess the overall survival (OS) differences between groups. A regression model was applied to identify prognostic factors for OS. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to adjust for the imbalance and indication biases in the 2 groups.The median follow-up time was 62 months (range, 1-84 months), and the 5-year OS rate was 62% (95% confidence interval, 52.2-71.8%). According to the ROC curve analysis, the optimal cutoff values for the maximal esophageal wall thickness, tumor length, and tumor volume were 1.3 cm, 5.9 cm, and 18.6 cc, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that maximal esophageal wall thickness >1.3 cm (P = .014), tumor volume >18.6 cc (P < .001), and vascular invasion (P < .001) were significantly associated with OS. The multivariate Cox regression model identified tumor volume and vascular invasion as factors affecting OS. After propensity matching, patients with a tumor volume ≤18.6 cc had a better OS than those with a tumor volume >18.6 cc (5-year OS, 85% vs 50%, P = .008).Tumor volume may serve as a good prognostic factor for patients with pT3N0M0 ESCC treated with radical esophagectomy and 3-FL. Larger-scale studies are warranted to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou
| | - Xiaobin Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital & Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lihua Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou
| | - Liyu Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital & Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yaqing Dai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital & Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qiwei Yao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital & Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiancheng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital & Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Zhu S, Wei Y, Gao F, Li L, Liu Y, Huang Z, Tang H, Zheng D, Wei X, Sun T, Song B. Esophageal carcinoma: Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MRI parameters and histopathological correlations. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 49:253-261. [PMID: 29734492 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathological grade of esophageal carcinoma is highly determinant of patient prognosis, but it still cannot be adequately evaluated preoperatively. Compared with conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted MRI can separate true molecular diffusion and perfusion in tissues and has been shown to be useful in characterizing malignant tumors. There is no report that compared IVIM and conventional DWI in grading esophageal carcinoma. PURPOSE To prospectively determine the diagnostic performance of conventional DWI and IVIM models in differentiating the pathological differentiated grade of esophageal carcinoma. STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION A cohort comprising 81 patients with newly diagnosed esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) between December 2015 and August 2017 were evaluated. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0T, axial echo-planer imaging, fast spin echo (FSE) sequence, IVIM sequence (b = 0, 20, 50, 80, 100, 150, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200). ASSESSMENT Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), true ADC (ADCslow ), pseudo ADC (ADCfast ), and perfusion fraction (f) of each tumor were calculated by two independent radiologists. Histopathologic grade was used as the reference standard. STATISTICAL TESTS Games-Howell test; diagnostic accuracy; Spearman correlation; intraclass correlation coefficient; and Bland-Altman analysis. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. RESULTS ADCslow demonstrated the highest area under curve (AUC) with a value of 0.830 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.730-0.904) and 0.816 (95% CI: 0.714-0.893) by two radiologists, followed by ADC with a value of 0.754 (95% CI: 0.646-0.843) and 0.761 (95% CI: 0.653-0.848). Good correlation was obtained between the histologic grade and ADCslow (r(R1) = 0.748, r(R2) = 0.720) and ADC (r(R1) = 0.576, r(R2) = 0.571). DATA CONCLUSION ADCslow and ADC had a significantly higher performance than the ADCfast and f, and ADCslow had a significantly higher performance than the ADC. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:253-261.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaocheng Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feifei Gao
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuehua Liu
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zixing Huang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hehan Tang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | | | - Tingyi Sun
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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10
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Mo R, Chen C, Pan L, Yu A, Wang D, Wang T. Is the new distribution of early esophageal adenocarcinoma stages improving the prognostic prediction of the 8 th edition of the TNM staging system for esophageal cancer? J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:5192-5198. [PMID: 30416766 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.08.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)/Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) staging system released in 2017 reclassified the pTNM stage of early esophageal adenocarcinoma from stage IA in the 7th edition to stage IA and IB and from stage IB in the 7th edition to stage IC. In this study, we analyzed the reliability of the new staging system through clinical data analysis. Methods We selected patient data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. From 2004 to 2014, data for a total of 714 patients were included in the study and were divided into groups representing stage IA (n=84), IB (n=386) and IC (n=244) according to the 8th edition. Results In the 8th edition, there was no significant difference between groups IA and IB in overall survival (OS) (P=0.331) or esophageal cancer-specific survival (ECSS) (P=0.341). However, the long-term survival rates of groups IA and IB were significantly higher than those of group IC. Cox regression analysis indicated that the use of new staging system does not affect prognosis. We also attempted to stratify the tumors by T stage and histological grade but found no significant difference. Conclusions We used the SEER database to compare the staging of early esophageal adenocarcinomas between the 8th and 7th editions of the AJCC/UICC TNM staging system. Based on our data, the 8th edition is not superior to the 7th edition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Mo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Liang Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ao Yu
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
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11
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Yang J, Zhang W, Xiao Z, Wang Q, Zhou Z, Zhang H, Chen D, Feng Q, He J, Gao S, Sun K, Liu X, Fang D, Mu J, Wang D, Li Y. The Impact of Postoperative Conformal Radiotherapy after Radical Surgery on Survival and Recurrence in Pathologic T3N0M0 Esophageal Carcinoma: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2017; 12:1143-1151. [PMID: 28411098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of conformal radiotherapy (cRT) in thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC) has not been addressed in adjuvant settings. The aim of this study was to investigate whether postoperative radiotherapy using cRT after an R0 resection improves outcomes in pT3N0M0 TESCC compared with resection alone. METHODS This study included 678 patients with pT3N0M0 TESCC who were treated at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, from January 2004 to December 2011. The patients were divided into two groups: a surgery plus cRT group (S+cRT group) comprising patients who underwent cRT after an R0 resection and a surgery group (S group), comprising a control group of patients who underwent an R0 resection alone. Propensity score matching was used to create patient groups that were balanced across several covariates (n = 83 in each group). Outcome measures included overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and recurrence. RESULTS In the overall study cohort, 5-year OS (75.2% versus 58.5%, p = 0.004) and DFS (71.8% versus 49.2%, p = 0.001) rates were significantly higher in the S+cRT group than in the S group. These data were confirmed in the matched samples (5-year OS, 75.7% versus 58.8% [p = 0.017]; DFS, 71.7% versus 50.3% [p = 0.009]). The overall (p = 0.001) and locoregional (p = 0.004) recurrence rates in the S+cRT group were significantly lower than in the S group. Multivariate Cox analyses in the matched samples revealed that surgery and postoperative cRT were independently associated with longer OS (hazard ratio = 0.505, 95% confidence interval: 0.291-0.876, p = 0.015) and longer DFS (hazard ratio = 0.513, 95% confidence interval: 0.309-0.854, p = 0.010) than resection alone. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative radiotherapy using cRT is strongly associated with improved OS and DFS in patients with pT3N0M0 TESCC. A multicenter, randomized phase III clinical trial is warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjing Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zefen Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qifeng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongmei Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfu Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingfu Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dekang Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Juwei Mu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dali Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yexiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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12
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Rice TW, Ishwaran H, Hofstetter WL, Kelsen DP, Apperson-Hansen C, Blackstone EH. Recommendations for pathologic staging (pTNM) of cancer of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction for the 8th edition AJCC/UICC staging manuals. Dis Esophagus 2016; 29:897-905. [PMID: 27905172 PMCID: PMC5591444 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We report analytic and consensus processes that produced recommendations for pathologic stage groups (pTNM) of esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancer for the AJCC/UICC cancer staging manuals, 8th edition. The Worldwide Esophageal Cancer Collaboration provided data for 22,654 patients with epithelial esophageal cancers; 13,300 without preoperative therapy had pathologic assessment after esophagectomy or endoscopic treatment. Risk-adjusted survival for each patient was developed using random survival forest analysis to identify data-driven pathologic stage groups wherein survival decreased monotonically with increasing group, was distinctive between groups, and homogeneous within groups. The AJCC Upper GI Task Force, by smoothing, simplifying, expanding, and assessing clinical applicability, produced consensus pathologic stage groups. For pT1-3N0M0 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and pT1-2N0M0 adenocarcinoma, pT was inadequate for grouping; subcategorizing pT1 and adding histologic grade enhanced staging; cancer location improved SCC staging. Consensus eliminated location for pT2N0M0 and pT3N0M0G1 SCC groups, and despite similar survival, restricted stage 0 to pTis, excluding pT1aN0M0G1. Metastases markedly reduced survival; pT, pN, and pM sufficiently grouped advanced cancers. Stage IIA and IIB had different compositions for SCC and adenocarcinoma, but similar survival. Consensus stage IV subgrouping acknowledged pT4N+ and pN3 cancers had poor survival, similar to pM1. Anatomic pathologic stage grouping, based on pTNM only, produced identical consensus stage groups for SCC and adenocarcinoma at the cost of homogeneity in early groups. Pathologic staging can neither direct pre-treatment decisions nor aid in prognostication for treatment other than esophagectomy or endoscopic therapy. However, it provides a clean, single therapy reference point for esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Rice
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - H Ishwaran
- University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - W L Hofstetter
- University of Texas MD Anderson Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - D P Kelsen
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Luo Y, Wang X, Yu J, Zhang B, Li M. Postoperative radiation therapy of pT2-3N0M0 esophageal carcinoma–a review. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:14443-14450. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5373-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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14
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Valmasoni M, Pierobon ES, Ruol A, De Pasqual CA, Zanchettin G, Moletta L, Salvador R, Costantini M, Merigliano S. Endoscopic Tumor Length Should Be Reincluded in the Esophageal Cancer Staging System: Analyses of 662 Consecutive Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153068. [PMID: 27088503 PMCID: PMC4835067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer represents the 6th cause of cancer mortality in the World. New treatments led to outcome improvements, but patient selection and prognostic stratification is a critical aspect to gain maximum benefit from therapies. Today, patients are stratified into 9 prognostic groups, according to a staging system developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer. Recently, trying to better select patients with curing possibilities several authors are reconsidering tumor length as a valuable prognostic parameter. Specifically, endoscopic tumor length can be easily measured with an esophageal endoscopy and, if its utility in esophageal cancer staging is demonstrated, it may represent a simple method to identify high risk patients and an easy-to-obtain variable in prognostic stratification. In this study we retrospectively analyzed 662 patients treated for esophageal cancer, stratified according to cancer histology and current staging system, to assess the possible role of endoscopic tumor length. We found a significant correlation between endoscopic tumor length, current staging parameters and 5-year survival, proving that endoscopic tumor length may be used as a simple risk stratification tool. Our results suggest a possible indication for preoperative therapy in early stage squamocellular carcinoma patients without lymph nodes involvement, who are currently treated with surgery alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Valmasoni
- 3 Surgical Clinic - Center for Esophageal Disease, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Elisa Sefora Pierobon
- 3 Surgical Clinic - Center for Esophageal Disease, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Alberto Ruol
- 3 Surgical Clinic - Center for Esophageal Disease, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Carlo Alberto De Pasqual
- 3 Surgical Clinic - Center for Esophageal Disease, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Gianpietro Zanchettin
- 3 Surgical Clinic - Center for Esophageal Disease, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Lucia Moletta
- 3 Surgical Clinic - Center for Esophageal Disease, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Renato Salvador
- 3 Surgical Clinic - Center for Esophageal Disease, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Mario Costantini
- 3 Surgical Clinic - Center for Esophageal Disease, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Stefano Merigliano
- 3 Surgical Clinic - Center for Esophageal Disease, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University Hospital of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
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Huang Q, Luo K, Chen C, Wang G, Jin J, Kong M, Li B, Liu Q, Li J, Rong T, Chen H, Zhang L, Chen Y, Zhu C, Zheng B, Wen J, Zheng Y, Tan Z, Xie X, Yang H, Fu J. Identification and Validation of Lymphovascular Invasion as a Prognostic and Staging Factor in Node-Negative Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Thorac Oncol 2016; 11:583-92. [PMID: 26792626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2015.12.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a histopathological feature that is associated with an increased risk for micrometastasis. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic and staging value of LVI among patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) undergoing esophagectomy. METHODS A prospective database of patients with ESCC was used to retrospectively analyze 666 cases to identify the relationship between LVI and survival, and to evaluate predictive accuracy of prognosis after combining LVI and the tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) system. Pathological slides were reassessed by gastrointestinal pathologists according to the strict criteria; 1000-bootstrap resampling was used for internal validation, and 222 cases from an independent multicenter database were used for external validation. RESULTS LVI was present in 33.8% of patients, and the proportion increased with advancing T and N classification. LVI was an independent predictor of unfavorable disease-specific survival (DSS) (hazard ratio = 1.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.30-1.94) and disease-free survival (DFS) (hazard ratio = 1.62, 95% confidence interval: 1.32-1.98) after T classification. Among node-negative patients, LVI and T classification were two independent predictors of DSS and DFS (p < 0.001). The risk score model combing LVI and T classification improved the predictive accuracy of the TNM system for DSS and DFS by 3.5% and 4.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). The external validation showed congruent results. The DSS of TxN0MO disease with LVI was similar to the DSS of TxN1M0 (both p > 0.05). In contrast, LVI was not associated with DSS or DFS among node-positive patients. CONCLUSIONS The independent prognostic significance of LVI existed only in node-negative patients with ESCC, and the combination of LVI and the TNM system enhanced the predictive accuracy of prognosis. After confirmation, node-negative patients with LVI might be considered for upstaging in pathological staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Huang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kongjia Luo
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Chen
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Geng Wang
- Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jietian Jin
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Kong
- Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bifeng Li
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China; Xiamen Traditional Hospital, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianwen Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Li
- School of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiehua Rong
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiquan Chen
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanjun Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengchu Zhu
- Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wen
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhen Zheng
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihui Tan
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuying Xie
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Fu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Ma Q, Liu W, Long H, Rong T, Zhang L, Lin Y, Ma G. Right versus left transthoracic approach for lymph node-negative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cardiothorac Surg 2015; 10:123. [PMID: 26384482 PMCID: PMC4575477 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-015-0328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To compare the right and left transthoracic approach on the post-operative survival of patients with lymph node-negative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods Six hundred and ninety-five ESCC patients who underwent esophagectomy between 1990 and 2005 were retrospectively enrolled in the present study and were confirmed by histology to be of no lymph node metastasis. Those who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy were excluded from the study. Patients were divided into two groups, the left (n = 545) and right (n = 150) transthoracic groups. The follow-up duration ranged from 1 to 20 years with a mean of 7 years. Kaplan–Meier and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards were used for analysis. Results 3- and 5-year CSS rates were 62.0 % and 44.0 % in the left group, while the corresponding figures in the right group were 56.0 % and 40.0 %(P < 0.05). The overall survival for the two groups was significantly different (P = 0.045). Survival analyses were stratified by stages, which found that the favorable survival advantage was not present. When the survival curves were stratified by tumor locations, a significant difference was not revealed. Surgical approaches were regarded as one of the prognostic factors in the univariate analysis (P = 0.019). However, this significance could not be confirmed in multivariate Cox regression analysis (P = 0.193). Conclusions The left transthoracic approach is superior in some aspects to the right transthoracic approach regarding surgical and oncological outcomes in the treatment of lymph node negative ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Ma
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, 651 Dongfengdong Road, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wengao Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, 651 Dongfengdong Road, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hao Long
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, 651 Dongfengdong Road, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tiehua Rong
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, 651 Dongfengdong Road, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lanjun Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, 651 Dongfengdong Road, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yongbin Lin
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, 651 Dongfengdong Road, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guowei Ma
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, 651 Dongfengdong Road, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
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Su D, Zhou X, Chen Q, Jiang Y, Yang X, Zheng W, Tao K, Wu J, Yan Z, Liu L, Wu S, Mao W. Prognostic Nomogram for Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma after Radical Esophagectomy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124437. [PMID: 25893524 PMCID: PMC4404051 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nomogram has demonstrated its capability in individualized estimates of survival in diverse cancers. Here we retrospectively investigated 1195 patients with esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) who underwent radical esophagectomy at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital in Hangzhou, China. We randomly assigned two-thirds of the patients to a training cohort (n = 797) and one-third to a validation cohort (n = 398). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed using the training cohort, and a nomogram was developed for predicting 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates. Multivariate analysis identified tumor length, surgical approach, number of examined lymph node, number of positive lymph node, extent of positive lymph node, grade, and depth of invasion as independent risk factors for survival. The discriminative ability of the nomogram was externally determined using the validation cohort, showing that the nomogram exhibited a sufficient level of discrimination according to the C-index (0.715, 95% CI 0.671–0.759). The C-index of the nomogram was significantly higher than that of the sixth edition (0.664, P-value<0.0001) and the seventh edition (0.696, P-value<0.0003) of the TNM classification. This study developed the first nomogram for ESCC, which can be applied in daily clinical practice for individualized survival prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Su
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qixun Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xun Yang
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weihui Zheng
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaiyi Tao
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Statistics and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Statistics and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Shaoyuan Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail: (WM); (SW)
| | - Weimin Mao
- Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital & Key Laboratory Diagnosis and Treatment Technology on Thoracic Oncology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (WM); (SW)
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Rice TW, Ishwaran H, Blackstone EH. Oesophageal cancer: location, location, location. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2015; 48:194-5. [PMID: 25877947 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezv125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Rice
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hemant Ishwaran
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Eugene H Blackstone
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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19
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Ma G, Zhang X, Ma Q, Rong T, Long H, Lin P, Fu J, Zhang L. A novel multivariate scoring system for determining the prognosis of lymph node-negative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma following surgical therapy: an observational study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2015; 41:541-7. [PMID: 25659876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with negative prognostic factors, which have an extremely low survival rate, has been problematic. METHODS We retrospectively collected clinical data for 648 patients with lymph node-negative ESCC who were treated at the Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center from 1990 to 2005. Survival difference was compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS We identified advancing age, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), surgical procedure, tumor location, number of resected lymph nodes, poor tumor differentiation, and surgical stage as independent prognostic risk factors. Furthermore, based on the results of multivariate analysis, we constructed a novel scoring system that included the factors of age, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, number of resected lymph nodes, tumor differentiation, and surgical stage. Risk score (RS) was computed with the scoring system, and patients were divided into Class A (RS: 0-5) and Class B (RS: 6-10). P < 0.001 indicated statistical significance. A significant difference (p < 0.001) demonstrated that Class B was strongly related to a low survival rate and poor prognosis. CONCLUSION We developed a new simple flexible scoring system of high prognostic significance, which has the potential to guide postoperative therapeutic strategies and follow-up frequency and to provide better prognostic information for patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ma
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - X Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Q Ma
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - T Rong
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - H Long
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - P Lin
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - J Fu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China.
| | - L Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China.
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Lemarignier C, Di Fiore F, Marre C, Hapdey S, Modzelewski R, Gouel P, Michel P, Dubray B, Vera P. Pretreatment metabolic tumour volume is predictive of disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2014; 41:2008-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-014-2839-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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