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Cata JP, Zaidi Y, Guerra-Londono JJ, Kharasch ED, Piotrowski M, Kee S, Cortes-Mejia NA, Gloria-Escobar JM, Thall PF, Lin R. Intraoperative methadone administration for total mastectomy: A single center retrospective study. J Clin Anesth 2024; 98:111572. [PMID: 39180867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2024.111572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Mastectomies remain a key component of the treatment of non-metastatic breast cancer, and strategies to treat acute postoperative pain, a complication affecting nearly all patients undergoing surgery, continues to be an important clinical challenge. This study aimed to determine the impact of intraoperative methadone administration compared to conventional short-acting opioids on pain-related perioperative outcomes in women undergoing a mastectomy. METHODS This single-center retrospective study included adult women undergoing total mastectomy. The primary outcome of this study was postoperative pain intensity on day 1 after surgery. Secondary outcomes included perioperative opioid consumption, perioperative non-opioid analgesics use, duration of surgery and anesthesia, time to extubation, pain intensity in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), anti-emetic use in PACU, and length of stay in hospital. We used the propensity score-based nearest matching with a 1:3 ratio to balance the patient baseline characteristics. RESULTS 133 patients received methadone, and 2192 patients were treated with short-acting opioids. The analysis demonstrated that methadone was associated with significantly lower intraoperative and postoperative opioid consumption as measured by oral morphine equivalents and lower average pain intensity scores in the postanesthesia care unit. Moreover, methadone was also shown to reduce the use of non-opioid analgesia during surgery. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the unique pharmacological properties of methadone, including a short onset of action when given intravenously, long-acting pharmacokinetics, and multimodal effects, are associated with better acute pain management after a total mastectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Cata
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America; Department of Biostatistics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America; Anesthesiology and Surgical Oncology Research Group, Houston, TX, United States of America.
| | - Yusuf Zaidi
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Juan Jose Guerra-Londono
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America; Department of Biostatistics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Evan D Kharasch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Matthew Piotrowski
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Spencer Kee
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Nicolas A Cortes-Mejia
- Department of Pain Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Jose Miguel Gloria-Escobar
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Peter F Thall
- Anesthesiology and Surgical Oncology Research Group, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Ruitao Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
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Cui RBJ, Hawes S, Azimi F, Chan B, Graham S, Mak C, Seah JL, Warrier S. Avoiding unnecessary sentinel lymph node biopsy with the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide mapping agents (Magtrace®) in breast surgery. ANZ J Surg 2024; 94:1090-1095. [PMID: 38456358 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) (Magtrace®) is a non-radioactive liquid tracer that can stay in the sentinel lymph nodes for 30 days. Injection of SPIO at time of primary breast surgery where upfront sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is not immediately indicated allows for a return to theatre if pathology then identifies invasive disease. SLNB is associated with paraesthesia, pain, seroma formation and lymphoedema risk. Hence, our study aims to assess the use of SPIO to avoid upfront SLNB in breast surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and prophylaxis. METHODS Retrospective single-centre study of consecutive patients who underwent injection of SPIO tracer at time of primary breast surgery to avoid upfront SLNB at Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia over a 10-month period. RESULTS SPIO was injected 38 times, with 34 at time of mastectomy and four cases at time of wide local excision. The indication for surgery was DCIS in 18 cases, risk reduction in 17 cases and other indications in three patients. Six cases (15.8%) required delayed SLNB (D-SLNB) due to the finding of invasive disease on post-operative histopathology. All patients who underwent D-SLNB had nodes successfully localized with SPIO. CONCLUSION In our cohort, 84.2% of cases were able to avoid upfront SLNB, and hence avoid the associated complications of SLNB. SPIO injection was successful in localizing the SLN in all cases at time of surgery for D-SLNB. This technique was safe with few associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Bei Jia Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susan Hawes
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Farhad Azimi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Belinda Chan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susannah Graham
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cindy Mak
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jue Li Seah
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sanjay Warrier
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Surgery, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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3
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Kalmar CL, Montorfano L, Thayer WP, Kassis S, Higdon KK, Perdikis G. Timing of Autologous Tissue Breast Reconstruction Does Not Affect Free Flap Failure. Ann Plast Surg 2024; 92:663-666. [PMID: 38717156 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine whether there is a difference in free flap failure based on the decision to undergo immediate versus delayed autologous tissue breast reconstruction after mastectomy. The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for breast free flap procedures performed between 2015 and 2020. This study demonstrates that the decision to undergo immediate versus delayed autologous tissue breast reconstruction does not have a significant association with free flap failure. This remains true regardless of whether patients undergo unilateral mastectomy with reconstruction or whether patients choose to also undergo contralateral prophylactic mastectomy with reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Kalmar
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Singh P, Agnese D, Amin M, Barrio AV, Botty Van den Bruele A, Burke E, Danforth DN, Dirbas FM, Eladoumikdachi F, Kantor O, Kumar S, Lee MC, Matsen C, Nguyen TT, Ozmen T, Park KU, Plichta JK, Reyna C, Showalter SL, Styblo T, Tranakas N, Weiss A, Laronga C, Boughey J. Society of Surgical Oncology Breast Disease Site Working Group Statement on Contralateral Mastectomy: Indications, Outcomes, and Risks. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:2212-2223. [PMID: 38261126 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-14893-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Rates of contralateral mastectomy (CM) among patients with unilateral breast cancer have been increasing in the United States. In this Society of Surgical Oncology position statement, we review the literature addressing the indications, risks, and benefits of CM since the society's 2017 statement. We held a virtual meeting to outline key topics and then conducted a literature search using PubMed to identify relevant articles. We reviewed the articles and made recommendations based on group consensus. Patients consider CM for many reasons, including concerns regarding the risk of contralateral breast cancer (CBC), desire for improved cosmesis and symmetry, and preferences to avoid ongoing screening, whereas surgeons primarily consider CBC risk when making a recommendation for CM. For patients with a high risk of CBC, CM reduces the risk of new breast cancer, however it is not known to convey an overall survival benefit. Studies evaluating patient satisfaction with CM and reconstruction have yielded mixed results. Imaging with mammography within 12 months before CM is recommended, but routine preoperative breast magnetic resonance imaging is not; there is also no evidence to support routine postmastectomy imaging surveillance. Because the likelihood of identifying an occult malignancy during CM is low, routine sentinel lymph node surgery is not recommended. Data on the rates of postoperative complications are conflicting, and such complications may not be directly related to CM. Adjuvant therapy delays due to complications have not been reported. Surgeons can reduce CM rates by encouraging shared decision making and informed discussions incorporating patient preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Singh
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | | | | | - Andrea V Barrio
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Erin Burke
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Olga Kantor
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shicha Kumar
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tolga Ozmen
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ko Un Park
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Weiss
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Oxley SG, Wei X, Sideris M, Blyuss O, Kalra A, Sia JJY, Ganesan S, Fierheller CT, Sun L, Sadique Z, Jin H, Manchanda R, Legood R. Utility Scores for Risk-Reducing Mastectomy and Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy: Mapping to EQ-5D. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1358. [PMID: 38611036 PMCID: PMC11010846 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) and risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) are the most effective breast and ovarian cancer preventive interventions. EQ-5D is the recommended tool to assess the quality of life and determine health-related utility scores (HRUSs), yet there are no published EQ-5D HRUSs after these procedures. These are essential for clinicians counselling patients and for health-economic evaluations. METHODS We used aggregate data from our published systematic review and converted SF-36/SF-12 summary scores to EQ-5D HRUSs using a published mapping algorithm. Study control arm or age-matched country-specific reference values provided comparison. Random-effects meta-analysis provided adjusted disutilities and utility scores. Subgroup analyses included long-term vs. short-term follow-up. RESULTS Four studies (209 patients) reported RRM outcomes using SF-36, and five studies (742 patients) reported RRSO outcomes using SF-12/SF-36. RRM is associated with a long-term (>2 years) disutility of -0.08 (95% CI -0.11, -0.04) (I2 31.4%) and a utility of 0.92 (95% CI 0.88, 0.95) (I2 31.4%). RRSO is associated with a long-term (>1 year) disutility of -0.03 (95% CI -0.05, 0.00) (I2 17.2%) and a utility of 0.97 (95% CI 0.94, 0.99) (I2 34.0%). CONCLUSIONS We present the first HRUSs sourced from patients following RRM and RRSO. There is a need for high-quality prospective studies to characterise quality of life at different timepoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel G. Oxley
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (S.G.O.); (X.W.); (M.S.); (O.B.); (A.K.); (J.J.Y.S.); (S.G.); (C.T.F.)
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1BB, UK
| | - Xia Wei
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (S.G.O.); (X.W.); (M.S.); (O.B.); (A.K.); (J.J.Y.S.); (S.G.); (C.T.F.)
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK; (L.S.); (Z.S.)
| | - Michail Sideris
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (S.G.O.); (X.W.); (M.S.); (O.B.); (A.K.); (J.J.Y.S.); (S.G.); (C.T.F.)
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1BB, UK
| | - Oleg Blyuss
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (S.G.O.); (X.W.); (M.S.); (O.B.); (A.K.); (J.J.Y.S.); (S.G.); (C.T.F.)
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Child´s Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Sechenov University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ashwin Kalra
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (S.G.O.); (X.W.); (M.S.); (O.B.); (A.K.); (J.J.Y.S.); (S.G.); (C.T.F.)
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1BB, UK
| | - Jacqueline J. Y. Sia
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (S.G.O.); (X.W.); (M.S.); (O.B.); (A.K.); (J.J.Y.S.); (S.G.); (C.T.F.)
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1BB, UK
| | - Subhasheenee Ganesan
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (S.G.O.); (X.W.); (M.S.); (O.B.); (A.K.); (J.J.Y.S.); (S.G.); (C.T.F.)
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1BB, UK
| | - Caitlin T. Fierheller
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (S.G.O.); (X.W.); (M.S.); (O.B.); (A.K.); (J.J.Y.S.); (S.G.); (C.T.F.)
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK; (L.S.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zia Sadique
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK; (L.S.); (Z.S.)
| | - Haomiao Jin
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7YH, UK;
| | - Ranjit Manchanda
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (S.G.O.); (X.W.); (M.S.); (O.B.); (A.K.); (J.J.Y.S.); (S.G.); (C.T.F.)
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1BB, UK
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK; (L.S.); (Z.S.)
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London WC1V 6LJ, UK
| | - Rosa Legood
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; (S.G.O.); (X.W.); (M.S.); (O.B.); (A.K.); (J.J.Y.S.); (S.G.); (C.T.F.)
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK; (L.S.); (Z.S.)
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Steadman JA, Hoskin TL, Klassen C, Boughey JC, Degnim AC, Piltin MA, Mrdutt MM, Johnson JE, Hieken TJ. Assessment of the effect of the American Society of Breast Surgery guidelines on contralateral prophylactic mastectomy rates for unilateral breast cancer. Surgery 2024; 175:677-686. [PMID: 37863697 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In July 2016, the American Society of Breast Surgeons published guidelines discouraging contralateral prophylactic mastectomy for average-risk women with unilateral breast cancer. We incorporated these into practice with structured patient counseling and aimed to assess the effect of this initiative on contralateral prophylactic mastectomy rates. METHODS We evaluated female patients with unilateral breast cancer undergoing mastectomy at our institution from January 2011 to November 2022. Variables associated with contralateral prophylactic mastectomy and trends over time were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test or χ2 analysis as appropriate. RESULTS Among 3,208 patients, (median age 54 years) 1,366 (43%) had a unilateral mastectomy, and 1,842 (57%) also had a concomitant contralateral prophylactic mastectomy. Across all patients, contralateral prophylactic mastectomy rates significantly decreased post-implementation from 2017 to 2019 (55%) vs 2015 to 2016 (62%) (P = .01) but increased from 2020 to 2022 (61%). Immediate breast reconstruction rate was 70% overall (81% with contralateral prophylactic mastectomy and 56% without contralateral prophylactic mastectomy, P < .001). Younger age, White race, mutation status, and earlier stage were also associated with contralateral prophylactic mastectomy. Genetic testing increased from 27% pre-guideline to 74% 2020 to 2022, as did the proportion of patients with a pathogenic variant (4% pre-guideline vs 11% from 2020-2022, P < .001), of whom 91% had a contralateral prophylactic mastectomy. Among tested patients without a pathogenic variant and patients not tested, contralateral prophylactic mastectomy rates declined from 78% to 67% and 48% to 38% pre -and post-guidelines, respectively, P < .001. CONCLUSION Implementation of specific patient counseling was effective in decreasing contralateral prophylactic mastectomy rates. While recognizing that patient choice plays a significant role in the decision for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy, further educational efforts are warranted to affect contralateral prophylactic mastectomy rates, particularly in the setting of negative genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Steadman
- Division of Breast and Melanoma Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Tanya L Hoskin
- Division of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Judy C Boughey
- Division of Breast and Melanoma Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Amy C Degnim
- Division of Breast and Melanoma Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mara A Piltin
- Division of Breast and Melanoma Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mary M Mrdutt
- Division of Breast and Melanoma Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jeffrey E Johnson
- Division of Breast and Melanoma Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Tina J Hieken
- Division of Breast and Melanoma Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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Clegg DJ, Whiteaker EN, Salomon BJ, Gee KN, Porter CG, Mazonas TW, Heidel RE, Brooks AJ, Bell JL, Boukovalas S, Lloyd JM. Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy in a rural population: A single-institution experience. Surg Open Sci 2024; 18:70-77. [PMID: 38435489 PMCID: PMC10905041 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) for unilateral breast cancer (UBC) has continued to increase, despite an absent survival benefit except in populations at highest risk for developing contralateral breast cancer (CBC). CPM rates may be higher in rural populations but causes remain unclear. A study performed at our institution previously found that 21.8 % of patients with UBC underwent CPM from 2000 to 2009. This study aimed to evaluate the CPM trend at a single institution serving a rural population and identify the CPM rate in average-risk patients. Methods Retrospective review of patients who underwent mastectomies for UBC at our institution from 2017 to 2021 was performed. Analysis utilized frequencies and percentages, descriptive statistics, chi-square, and independent sample t-tests. Results A total of 438 patients were included, of whom 64.4 % underwent bilateral mastectomy for UBC (CPM). Patients who underwent CPM were significantly younger, underwent genetic testing, had germline pathogenic variants, had a family history of breast cancer, had smaller tumors, underwent reconstruction, and had more wound infections. Of CPM patients, 50.4 % had no identifiable factors for increased risk of developing CBC. Conclusions The rate of CPM in a rural population at a single institution increased from 21.8 % to 64.4 % over two decades, with an average-risk CPM rate of 50.4 %. Those that undergo CPM are more likely to undergo reconstruction and have more wound infections. Identifying characteristics of patients undergoing CPM in a rural population and the increased associated risks allows for a better understanding of this trend to guide conversations with patients. Key message This study demonstrates that the rate of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy for unilateral breast cancers performed at a single institution serving a largely rural population has nearly tripled over the last two decades, with half of these patients having no factors that increase the risk for developing contralateral breast cancers. Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy was significantly associated with smaller tumors, younger age, genetic testing, germline pathogenic variants, family history of breast cancer, breast reconstruction, and increased wound infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin J. Clegg
- University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Erica N. Whiteaker
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Brett J. Salomon
- University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Kaylan N. Gee
- University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Christopher G. Porter
- University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Thomas W. Mazonas
- University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - R. Eric Heidel
- University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Biostatistics, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Ashton J. Brooks
- University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - John L. Bell
- University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Stefanos Boukovalas
- University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
| | - Jillian M. Lloyd
- University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Knoxville, TN, United States of America
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Wahlen MM, Lizarraga IM, Kahl AR, Zahnd WE, Eberth JM, Overholser L, Askelson N, Hirschey R, Yeager K, Nash S, Engelbart JM, Charlton ME. Effect of rurality and travel distance on contralateral prophylactic mastectomy for unilateral breast cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2023; 34:171-186. [PMID: 37095280 PMCID: PMC10689552 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01689-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite lack of survival benefit, demand for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) to treat unilateral breast cancer remains high. High uptake of CPM has been demonstrated in Midwestern rural women. Greater travel distance for surgical treatment is associated with CPM. Our objective was to examine the relationship between rurality and travel distance to surgery with CPM. METHODS Women diagnosed with stages I-III unilateral breast cancer between 2007 and 2017 were identified using the National Cancer Database. Logistic regression was used to model likelihood of CPM based on rurality, proximity to metropolitan centers, and travel distance. A multinomial logistic regression model compared factors associated with CPM with reconstruction versus other surgical options. RESULTS Both rurality (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.06-1.15 for non-metro/rural vs. metro) and travel distance (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.33-1.41 for those who traveled 50 + miles vs. < 30 miles) were independently associated with CPM. For women who traveled 30 + miles, odds of receiving CPM were highest for non-metro/rural women (OR 1.33 for 30-49 miles, OR 1.57 for 50 + miles; reference: metro women traveling < 30 miles). Non-metro/rural women who received reconstruction were more likely to undergo CPM regardless of travel distance (ORs 1.11-1.21). Both metro and metro-adjacent women who received reconstruction were more likely to undergo CPM only if they traveled 30 + miles (ORs 1.24-1.30). CONCLUSION The impact of travel distance on likelihood of CPM varies by patient rurality and receipt of reconstruction. Further research is needed to understand how patient residence, travel burden, and geographic access to comprehensive cancer care services, including reconstruction, influence patient decisions regarding surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison M Wahlen
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ingrid M Lizarraga
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | | | - Whitney E Zahnd
- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jan M Eberth
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Linda Overholser
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Natoshia Askelson
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Rachel Hirschey
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katherine Yeager
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah Nash
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa Cancer Registry, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jacklyn M Engelbart
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mary E Charlton
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa Cancer Registry, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Mohrmann S, Kolberg L, Jäger B, Hoffmann J, Nestle-Krämling C, Zwiefel K, Friebe V, Sawicki LM, Bruckmann NM, Jannusch K, Morawitz J, Antoch G, Fehm TN, Kirchner J, Dietzel F. Impact of surgical variables on residual glandular tissue in risk-reducing mastectomies: Results of a retrospective monocentric study from a center of the German consortium for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2023; 49:107031. [PMID: 37683424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.107031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Residual glandular tissue (RGT) after risk reducing mastectomy (RRME) is associated with a risk of developing breast cancer for women with a familial predisposition. We aim to examine various surgery-related variables to make risk more easily assessable and to aid in decision-making. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pre- and postoperative breast MRI scans from 2006 to 2021 of patients with proven pathogenic mutation were included. The postoperative remaining skin flap was recorded using distance measurements at 8 equally distributed clockwise points and retromamillary. Each breast was volumetrized, as well as existing RGT. Patient-related covariates were further recorded and their influence on RGT was investigated uni- and multivariately. RESULTS 81 patients (49 with BRCA1, 24 with BRCA2, 9 with other mutations), who were on average 39 years old, had 117 breasts analyzed. The mean follow-up was 71 months. In multivariate analysis, the independent variable skin flap thickness had a positive effect (p ≤ 0.01), while surgeon experience negatively affected RGT (p ≤ 0.05). The incision type was found to impact RGT as well, with nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with inframammary fold incision leading to more RGT (p ≤ 0.01 - p ≤ 0.05), and skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) with an inverted T incision leading to less (p ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSION Different surgical variables have an impact on postoperative RGT, which is an important tool to quantify the risk of developing breast cancer after RRME. In order to effectively consider these variables in future preoperative/intraoperative management, they must be carefully taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svjetlana Mohrmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Leoni Kolberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Agaplesion Bethesda Krankenhaus Wuppertal, 42109, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Bernadette Jäger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Hoffmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | | | - Karin Zwiefel
- Breast Center, Kliniken der Stadt Köln, 51067, Köln, Germany.
| | - Verena Friebe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Lino M Sawicki
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Nils Martin Bruckmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Kai Jannusch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Janna Morawitz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Gerald Antoch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Tanja Natascha Fehm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Julian Kirchner
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Frederic Dietzel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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10
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Nash AL, Bloom DL, Chapman BM, Wheeler SB, McGuire KP, Lee CN, Weinfurt K, Rosenstein DL, Plichta JK, Vann JCJ, Hwang ES. Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy Decision-Making: The Partners' Perspective. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:6268-6274. [PMID: 37573282 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rate of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) continues to rise despite no improvement in survival, an increased risk of surgical complications, and negative effects on quality of life. This study explored the experiences of the partners of women who undergo CPM. METHODS This study was part of an investigation into the factors motivating women with early-stage unilateral breast cancer and low genetic risk to opt for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM). Participating women were asked for permission to invite their partners to take part in interviews. In-depth interviews with partners were conducted using a semi-structured topic guide. A thematic analysis of the data was performed RESULTS: Of 35 partners, all men, 15 agreed to be interviewed. Most perceived their role to be strong and logical. Some hoped their wives would choose a bilateral mastectomy. All felt strongly that the final decision was up to their partners. The partners often framed the decision for CPM as one of life or death. Thus, any aesthetic effects were unimportant by comparison. The male partners had difficulty grasping the physical and emotional changes inherent in mastectomy, which made communicating about sexuality and intimacy very challenging for the couples. In the early recovery period, some noted the stress of managing home life. CONCLUSIONS The experiences of the male partners provide insight into how couples navigate complex treatment decision-making, both together and separately. There may be a benefit to including partners in pre- and post-surgical counseling to mitigate miscommunication regarding the expected oncologic and emotional outcomes related to CPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Nash
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Diane L Bloom
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brittany M Chapman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stephanie B Wheeler
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kandace P McGuire
- Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Health, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Clara N Lee
- Division of Health Services Management and Policy, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, OSU Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kevin Weinfurt
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Donald L Rosenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer K Plichta
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Julie C Jacobson Vann
- School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - E Shelley Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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11
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Shaheen MS, Wan D, Momeni A. Complication Rates in Therapeutic Versus Prophylactic Bilateral Mastectomies: Insights From a National Database. Ann Plast Surg 2023; 91:422-427. [PMID: 37553890 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The "Jolie effect" and other media focus on prophylactic treatments have resulted in unilateral breast cancer patients increasingly undergoing contralateral prophylactic mastectomy. Little is known, however, regarding outcomes following therapeutic versus prophylactic mastectomy. In this study, we compared complication rates of unilateral breast cancer patients undergoing contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (BM-TP) to patients undergoing bilateral prophylactic mastectomy (BM-P). METHODS The BM-TP and BM-P patients from 2015 to 2019 were identified in Optum Clinformatics DataMart. Six-month outcomes were assessed and included wound complications, infection, hematoma/seroma, breast pain, fat necrosis, flap failure, implant failure/removal, other flap/implant complications, and other complications. Multivariable regression models adjusted for age, residence, insurance, race, and Charlson Comorbidity Index score. RESULTS Of 9319 women, 7114 (76.3%) underwent BM-TP, and 2205 (23.7%) underwent BM-P. In multivariable analysis, BM-TP had higher odds of overall complications (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.35; P < 0.0001), but no difference was observed among patients who had autologous ( P = 0.1448) or no breast reconstruction ( P = 0.1530). Higher odds of overall complications persisted even after controlling for radiation therapy (aOR, 1.25; P = 0.0048) and chemotherapy (aOR, 1.28; P = 0.0047), but not after controlling for lymph node surgery ( P = 0.7765). CONCLUSION The BM-TP (vs BM-P) patients face higher odds of overall complications but without any difference in certain reconstructive modalities or after controlling for lymph node surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Shaheen
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
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12
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Karakatsanis A, Eriksson S, Pistiolis L, Olofsson Bagge R, Nagy G, Man V, Kwong A, Wärnberg F. Delayed Sentinel Lymph Node Dissection in Patients with a Preoperative Diagnosis of Ductal Cancer In Situ by Preoperative Injection with Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide (SPIO) Nanoparticles: The SentiNot Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:4064-4072. [PMID: 36719570 PMCID: PMC10250503 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-13064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Difficulty in preoperatively assessing the risk for occult invasion or surgery that precludes future accurate axillary mapping in patients with ductal cancer in situ (DCIS) account for overutilization of SLND. METHODS Prospective, multicenter, cohort study, including women with any DCIS planned for mastectomy or DCIS grade 2 and > 20 mm, any DCIS grade 3, any mass-forming DCIS and any planned surgery. Patients received an interstitial SPIO injection during breast surgery, but no upfront SLND was performed. If invasion was identified on final pathology, delayed SLND (d-SLND) was performed separately with the coadministration of isotope ± blue dye (BD). Study outcomes were proportion of upfront SLNDs that were avoided, detection rates during d-SLND, and impact on healthcare costs. RESULTS In total, 78.7% of study participants (N = 254, mean age 60 years, mean DCIS size 37.8 mm) avoided upfront SLND. On d-SLND (median 28 days, range 9-46), SPIO outperformed Tc99 with (98.2% vs. 63.6%, p < 0.001) or without BD (92.7% vs. 50.9%, p < 0.001) and had higher nodal detection rate (86.9% vs. 32.3%, p < 0.001) and with BD (93.9% vs. 41.4%, p < 0.001). Only 27.9% of all SLNs retrieved were concordant for Tc99 and SPIO. Type of breast procedure (WLE vs. oncoplastic BCT vs. mastectomy) affected these outcomes and accounted for the low performance of Tc99 (p < 0.001). d-SLND resulted in a 28.1% total cost containment for women with pure DCIS on final pathology (4190 vs. 5828 USD, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Marking the SLN with SPIO may avoid overtreatment and allow for accurate d-SLND in patients with DCIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Karakatsanis
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Staffan Eriksson
- Centre for Clinical Research, Uppsala University, Västerås, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Västmanland County Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Lida Pistiolis
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roger Olofsson Bagge
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gyula Nagy
- Breast Unit, Department of Surgery, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Vivian Man
- Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ava Kwong
- Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong, Kong-Shen Zhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Surgery, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fredrik Wärnberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Smith-Graziani DJ, Parker PA, Peterson SK, Bedrosian I, Shen Y, Black DM, DeSnyder SM, Hunt KK, Dong W, Brewster AM. Prospective Study of Pain Outcomes Associated With Breast Surgery in Women With Nonhereditary Breast Cancer. Ann Surg 2023; 277:e617-e623. [PMID: 33938495 PMCID: PMC10657557 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess pain severity and interference with life in women after different types of breast cancer surgery and the demographic, treatment-related, and psychosocial variables associated with these pain outcomes. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Data are conflicting regarding pain outcomes and quality of life (QOL) among women who undergo different types of breast surgery. METHODS Women with nonhereditary breast cancer completed the brief pain inventory before surgery and at 1, 6, 12, and 18 months postsurgery. We assessed associations between pain outcomes and CPM status and mastectomy status using multivariable repeated measures models. We assessed associations between pain outcome and QOL and decision satisfaction. RESULTS Of 288 women (mean age 56 years, 58% non-Hispanic White), 50 had CPM, 75 had unilateral mastectomy, and 163 had BCS. Mean pain severity scores were higher at one (2.78 vs 1.9, P = 0.016) and 6 months (2.79 vs 1.96, P = 0.031) postsurgery in women who had CPM versus those who did not, but there was no difference at 12 and 18 months. Comparing mastectomy versus BCS, pain severity was higher at 1 and 12 months. There was a significant interaction between pain severity and time point for CPM ( P = 0.006), but not mastectomy status ( P = 0.069). Regardless of surgery type, Black women had higher pain severity ( P = 0.004) than White women. Higher pain interference was associated with lower QOL ( P < 0.001) and lower decision satisfaction ( P = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS Providers should counsel women considering mastectomy about the potential for greater acute pain and its impact on overall well-being. Racial/ethnic disparities in pain exist and influence pain management in breast surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia A Parker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Susan K Peterson
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Isabelle Bedrosian
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Dalliah M Black
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sarah M DeSnyder
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kelly K Hunt
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wenli Dong
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Abenaa M Brewster
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; and
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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14
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Fefferman M, Nicholson K, Kuchta K, Pesce C, Kopkash K, Yao K. Rates of Bilateral Mastectomy in Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2251348. [PMID: 36652251 PMCID: PMC9857138 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.51348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This cohort study builds on previous research from the National Cancer Database to assess whether rates of bilateral mastectomy continue to increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Fefferman
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kyra Nicholson
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kristine Kuchta
- Biostatistical Core, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Catherine Pesce
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston Hospital, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Katherine Kopkash
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston Hospital, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Katharine Yao
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston Hospital, Evanston, Illinois
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15
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Cost-Effectiveness of Risk-Reducing Surgery for Breast and Ovarian Cancer Prevention: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246117. [PMID: 36551605 PMCID: PMC9776851 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Policymakers require robust cost-effectiveness evidence of risk-reducing-surgery (RRS) for decision making on resource allocation for breast cancer (BC)/ovarian cancer (OC)/endometrial cancer (EC) prevention. We aimed to summarise published data on the cost-effectiveness of risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM)/risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO)/risk-reducing early salpingectomy and delayed oophorectomy (RRESDO) for BC/OC prevention in intermediate/high-risk populations; hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) in Lynch syndrome women; and opportunistic bilateral salpingectomy (OBS) for OC prevention in baseline-risk populations. Major databases were searched until December 2021 following a prospective protocol (PROSPERO-CRD42022338008). Data were qualitatively synthesised following a PICO framework. Twenty two studies were included, with a reporting quality varying from 53.6% to 82.1% of the items scored in the CHEERS checklist. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio/incremental cost-utility ratio and cost thresholds were inflated and converted to US$2020, using the original currency consumer price index (CPI) and purchasing power parities (PPP), for comparison. Eight studies concluded that RRM and/or RRSO were cost-effective compared to surveillance/no surgery for BRCA1/2, while RRESDO was cost-effective compared to RRSO in one study. Three studies found that hysterectomy with BSO was cost-effective compared to surveillance in Lynch syndrome women. Two studies showed that RRSO was also cost-effective at ≥4%/≥5% lifetime OC risk for pre-/post-menopausal women, respectively. Seven studies demonstrated the cost-effectiveness of OBS at hysterectomy (n = 4), laparoscopic sterilisation (n = 4) or caesarean section (n = 2). This systematic review confirms that RRS is cost-effective, while the results are context-specific, given the diversity in the target populations, health systems and model assumptions, and sensitive to the disutility, age and uptake rates associated with RRS. Additionally, RRESDO/OBS were sensitive to the uncertainty concerning the effect sizes in terms of the OC-risk reduction and long-term health impact. Our findings are relevant for policymakers/service providers and the design of future research studies.
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16
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Thompson JL, Sinco BR, McCaffrey RL, Chang AE, Sabel MS, Dossett LA, Hughes TM, Jeruss JS. Prophylactic mastectomy and occult malignancy: Surgical and imaging considerations. J Surg Oncol 2022; 127:18-27. [PMID: 36069388 PMCID: PMC10087968 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sentinel node biopsy (SLNB) is not routinely recommended for patients undergoing prophylactic mastectomy (PM), yet omission remains a subject of debate among surgeons. A modern patient cohort was examined to determine occult malignancy (OM) incidence within PM specimens to reinforce current recommendations. METHODS All PM performed over a 5-year period were retrospectively identified, including women with unilateral breast cancer who underwent synchronous or delayed contralateral PM or women with elevated cancer risk who underwent bilateral PM. RESULTS The study population included 772 patients (598 CPM, 174 BPM) with a total of 39 OM identified: 17 invasive cancers (14 CPM, 3 BPM) and 22 DCIS (19 CPM, 3 BPM). Of the 86 patients for whom SLNB was selectively performed, 1 micrometastasis was identified. In the CPM cohort, risk of OM increased with age, presence of LCIS of either breast, or presence of a non-BRCA high-penetrance gene mutation, while preoperative magnetic resonance imaging was associated with lower likelihood of OM. CONCLUSIONS Given the low incidence of invasive OM in this updated series, routine SLNB is of low value for patients undergoing PM. For patients with indeterminate radiographic findings, discordant preoperative biopsies, LCIS, or non-BRCA high-penetrance gene mutations, selective SLNB implementation could be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Thompson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Brandy R Sinco
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Alfred E Chang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael S Sabel
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lesly A Dossett
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tasha M Hughes
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jacqueline S Jeruss
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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17
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Ferroum A, Wong SM. ASO Author Reflections: Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in BRCA1/2 Germline Pathogenic Variant Carriers Undergoing Risk-Reducing Mastectomy. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:6669-6670. [PMID: 35711015 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-12013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amina Ferroum
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Medical School, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Jewish General Hospital Stroll Cancer Prevention Centre, Segal Cancer Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephanie M Wong
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Medical School, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Jewish General Hospital Stroll Cancer Prevention Centre, Segal Cancer Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Oncology, McGill University Medical School, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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18
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Nelson JA, Rubenstein RN, Haglich K, Chu JJ, Yin S, Stern CS, Morrow M, Mehrara BJ, Gemignani ML, Matros E. Analysis of a Trend Reversal in US Lumpectomy Rates From 2005 Through 2017 Using 3 Nationwide Data Sets. JAMA Surg 2022; 157:702-711. [PMID: 35675047 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2022.2065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Importance Rates of lumpectomy for breast cancer management in the United States previously declined in favor of more aggressive surgical options, such as mastectomy and contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM). Objective To evaluate longitudinal trends in the rates of lumpectomy and mastectomy, including unilateral mastectomy vs CPM rates, and to determine characteristics associated with current surgical practice using 3 national data sets. Design and Setting Data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP), Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, and National Cancer Database (NCDB) were examined to evaluate trends in lumpectomy and mastectomy rates from 2005 through 2017. Mastectomy rates were also evaluated with a focus on CPM. Longitudinal trends were analyzed using the Cochran-Armitage test for trend. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed on the NCDB data set to identify predictors of lumpectomy and CPM. Results A study sample of 3 467 645 female surgical breast cancer patients was analyzed. Lumpectomy rates reached a nadir between 2010 and 2013, with a significant increase thereafter. Conversely, in comparison with lumpectomy rates, overall mastectomy rates declined significantly starting in 2013. Cochran-Armitage trend tests demonstrated an annual decrease in lumpectomy rates of 1.31% (95% CI, 1.30%-1.32%), 0.07% (95% CI, 0.01%-0.12%), and 0.15% (95% CI, 0.15%-0.16%) for NSQIP, SEER, and NCDB, respectively, from 2005 to 2013 (P < .001, P = .01, and P < .001, respectively). From 2013 to 2017, the annual increase in lumpectomy rates was 0.96% (95% CI, 0.95%-0.98%), 1.60% (95% CI, 1.59%-1.62%), and 1.66% (95% CI, 1.65%-1.67%) for NSQIP, SEER, and NCDB, respectively (all P < .001). Comparisons of specific mastectomy types showed that unilateral mastectomy and CPM rates stabilized after 2013, with unilateral mastectomy rates remaining higher than CPM rates throughout the entire time period. Conclusions This observational longitudinal analysis indicated a trend reversal with an increase in lumpectomy rates since 2013 and an associated decline in mastectomies. The steady increase in CPM rates from 2005 to 2013 has since stabilized. The reasons for the recent reversal in trends are likely multifactorial. Further qualitative and quantitative research is required to understand the factors driving these recent practice changes and their associations with patient-reported outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas A Nelson
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Robyn N Rubenstein
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kathryn Haglich
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jacqueline J Chu
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Shen Yin
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Carrie S Stern
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Monica Morrow
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Babak J Mehrara
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mary L Gemignani
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Evan Matros
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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19
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Nationwide Trends in Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomies: An Analysis of 55,060 Unilateral Breast Cancer Patients. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2022; 10:e4344. [PMID: 35646492 PMCID: PMC9132527 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: The effects of recent initiatives to better educate unilateral breast cancer (UBC) patients about contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) have not been fully examined. The purpose of this study was to update and examine recent annual CPM trends by evaluating 2015–2020 data from a large administrative claims database. We also sought to determine if there were any variations in trends among different age groups and reconstructive modalities. Methods: Patients diagnosed with UBC between 2015 and 2019 were identified in Optum Clinformatics DataMart. Patients were then categorized by age group, whether they underwent CPM, whether they underwent breast reconstruction (BR), timing of any BR (immediate or delayed), and type of BR (implant-based or autologous). Results: Of 55,060 patients who were diagnosed with UBC, 2625 (4.8%) underwent CPM. After a slight decline from 2015 to 2016, the CPM rate among UBC patients increased significantly from 3.4% in 2016 to 6.8% in 2019. Although this upward trend remained consistent across all age groups examined, younger UBC patients represented a significantly higher and faster growing percentage of those undergoing CPM. BR rates among those who underwent CPM also increased between 2015 and 2019, with implant-based and immediate BR becoming more heavily favored over autologous and delayed BR. Conclusions: CPM rates continued to rise between 2016 and 2019 and younger women represented a substantially higher and faster growing percentage of UBC patients undergoing CPM than older women. In addition, implant-based and immediate BR are becoming more heavily favored over autologous and delayed BR.
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20
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Dettwyler SA, Thull DL, McAuliffe PF, Steiman JG, Johnson RR, Diego EJ, Mai PL. Timely cancer genetic counseling and testing for young women with breast cancer: impact on surgical decision-making for contralateral risk-reducing mastectomy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 194:393-401. [PMID: 35596825 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06619-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genetic testing (GT) can identify individuals with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants (PV/LPVs) in breast cancer (BC) predisposition genes, who may consider contralateral risk-reducing mastectomy (CRRM). We report on CRRM rates in young women newly diagnosed with BC who received GT through a multidisciplinary clinic. METHODS Clinical data were reviewed for patients seen between November 2014 and June 2019. Patients with non-metastatic, unilateral BC diagnosed at age ≤ 45 and completed GT prior to surgery were included. Associations between surgical intervention and age, BC stage, family history, and GT results were evaluated. RESULTS Of the 194 patients, 30 (15.5%) had a PV/LPV in a BC predisposition gene (ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, NBN, NF1), with 66.7% in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Of 164 (84.5%) uninformative results, 132 (68%) were negative and 32 (16.5%) were variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Overall, 67 (34.5%) had CRRM, including 25/30 (83.3%) PV/LPV carriers and 42/164 (25.6%) non-carriers. A positive test result (p < 0.01) and significant family history were associated with CRRM (p = 0.02). For the 164 with uninformative results, multivariate analysis showed that CRRM was not associated with age (p = 0.23), a VUS, (p = 0.08), family history (p = 0.10), or BC stage (p = 0.11). CONCLUSION In this cohort of young women with BC, the identification of a PV/LPV in a BC predisposition gene and a significant family history were associated with the decision to pursue CRRM. Thus, incorporation of genetic services in the initial evaluation of young patients with a new BC could contribute to the surgical decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenin A Dettwyler
- UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital (Cancer Genetics Program), Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Currently at NYU Langone Health (The Pancreatic Cancer Center), New York, NY, USA.
| | - Darcy L Thull
- UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital (Cancer Genetics Program), Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer G Steiman
- UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital (Magee-Womens Surgical Associates), Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ronald R Johnson
- UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital (Magee-Womens Surgical Associates), Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Emilia J Diego
- UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital (Magee-Womens Surgical Associates), Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Phuong L Mai
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (Center for Clinical Genetics and Genomics), Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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21
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Barbalho D, Sandoval R, Santos E, Pisani J, Quirino C, Garicochea B, Rossi B, Achatz MI. Novel Insights From the Germline Landscape of Breast Cancer in Brazil. Front Oncol 2022; 11:743231. [PMID: 35155181 PMCID: PMC8831886 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.743231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer patients with germline pathogenic variants may benefit from risk-reducing surgeries, intensive screening, and targeted cancer therapies. There is a paucity of data regarding prevalence and distribution of germline pathogenic variants in the Brazilian population. Our primary endpoint was the description of prevalence and distribution of germline pathogenic variants among breast cancer patients who underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel testing. Secondary endpoint was the assessment of predictive factors of a positive test. Methods We analyzed NGS results, personal, and family history data from a prospectively collected cohort of breast cancer patients from August 2013 to May 2019. Exact logistic regression was used to perform multivariable analysis. Results Of 370 breast cancer patients, we found 59 pathogenic variants in 57 (15%) patients. Pathogenic variants were identified in BRCA1 (24%), ATM (14%), BRCA2 (10%), TP53 (8%), PALB2 (8%), CHEK2 (7%), CDH1 (3%), RAD51C (3%), MITF (2%), PMS2 (2%), RAD51D (2%), and TERT (2%). Monoallelic MUTYH pathogenic variants were found in 15%. After multivariable analysis, age of diagnosis (OR 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81–0.95, for each year increase), triple-negative subtype (OR 17.2, 95% CI: 3.74–114.72), and number of breast cancers in the family (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.57–4.03, for each additional case) were associated with BRCA1 pathogenic variants. In the present study, a quarter of triple-negative breast cancer patients harbored a germline pathogenic variant and two-thirds of those were BRCA1 carriers. Conclusions Prevalence and distribution of germline pathogenic variants in this Brazilian sample of breast cancer patients are mostly similar to other populations. However, there is a trend to an overrepresentation of TP53 pathogenic variants that merits confirmation in further studies. Early-onset breast cancer patients should be offered genetic counseling, particularly those with triple-negative subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Barbalho
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hospital Sirio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Sandoval
- Department of Oncogenetics, Hospital Sirio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erika Santos
- Department of Oncogenetics, Hospital Sirio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janina Pisani
- Department of Oncogenetics, Hospital Sirio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Quirino
- Department of Oncogenetics, Hospital Sirio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Garicochea
- Department of Oncogenetics, Hospital Sirio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.,Centro Paulista de Oncologia, Oncoclinicas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Benedito Rossi
- Department of Oncogenetics, Hospital Sirio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Philp L, Alimena S, Ferris W, Saini A, Bregar AJ, Del Carmen MG, Eisenhauer EL, Growdon WB, Goodman A, Dorney K, Mazina V, Sisodia RC. Patient reported outcomes after risk-reducing surgery in patients at increased risk of ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2021; 164:421-427. [PMID: 34953629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the quality of life of women at an increased risk of ovarian cancer undergoing risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (RRBSO). METHODS Patients evaluated in our gynecologic oncology ambulatory practice between January 2018-December 2019 for an increased risk of ovarian cancer were included. Patients received the EORTC QLQ-C30 and PROMIS emotional and instrumental support questionnaires along with a disease-specific measure (PROM). First and last and pre- and post-surgical PROM responses in each group were compared as were PROMs between at-risk patients and patients with other ovarian diseases. RESULTS 195 patients with an increased risk of ovarian cancer were identified, 155 completed PROMs (79.5%). BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations were noted in 52.8%. Also included were 469 patients with benign ovarian disease and 455 with ovarian neoplasms. Seventy-two at-risk patients (46.5%) had surgery and 36 had both pre- and post-operative PROMs. Post-operatively, these patients reported significantly less tension (p = 0.011) and health-related worry (p = 0.021) but also decreased levels of health (p = 0.018) and quality of life <7d (0.001), less interest in sex (p = 0.014) and feeling less physically attractive (p = 0.046). No differences in body image or physical/sexual health were noted in at-risk patients who did not have surgery. When compared to patients with ovarian neoplasms, at-risk patients reported lower levels of disease-related life interference and treatment burden, less worry, and better overall health. CONCLUSIONS In patients with an increased risk of ovarian cancer, RRBSO is associated with decreased health-related worry and tension, increased sexual dysfunction and poorer short-term quality of life. Patients with ovarian neoplasms suffer to a greater extent than at-risk patients and report higher levels of treatment burden and disease-related anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Philp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
| | - S Alimena
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - W Ferris
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - A Saini
- University of Massachusetts School of Medicine, Worcester, USA
| | - A J Bregar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - M G Del Carmen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - E L Eisenhauer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - W B Growdon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - A Goodman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - K Dorney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - V Mazina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - R C Sisodia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
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23
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Torrisi C. Body Image in BRCA-Positive Young Women Following Bilateral Risk-Reducing Mastectomy: A Review of the Literature. Front Psychol 2021; 12:778484. [PMID: 34975666 PMCID: PMC8716694 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.778484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Significance: The presence of a breast cancer (BRCA) gene mutation increases a woman’s lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. Bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy is a proactive treatment option which lowers that risk. However, breast removal can create a change in physical appearance. It is unclear if BRCA-positive women undergoing this surgery in young adulthood, a life stage where intimate relationships, families, and careers are being established, have the same experience with body image as women in later stages of life.Purpose: The aim of this literature review is to assess how bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy impacts body image in young BRCA-positive women less than 40 years of age, with no history of breast cancer.Methods: Database searches were performed, yielding 402 results. Studies were considered if participants had an increased lifetime breast cancer risk/BRCA-positive diagnosis and history of bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy, body image was evaluated, and mean age was less than 40 years. A total of three qualitative studies and three quantitative studies were identified as relevant for this review.Results: A dearth of information exists on body image in young women following bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy. It was found in this review that some women experienced a decline in body image following surgery, while in others body image was maintained or improved.Conclusion: Understanding factors that impact body image following this risk-reducing surgery will allow clinicians to support this unique population. Open and informative discussion should be encouraged with young women considering, or who have undergone, bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy.
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24
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Lizarraga IM, Schroeder MC, Jatoi I, Sugg SL, Trentham-Dietz A, Hoeth L, Chrischilles EA. Surgical Decision-Making Surrounding Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy: Comparison of Treatment Goals, Preferences, and Psychosocial Outcomes from a Multicenter Survey of Breast Cancer Patients. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:8752-8765. [PMID: 34251554 PMCID: PMC8595775 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10426-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in patient characteristics and decision-making preferences have been described between those who elect breast-conserving surgery (BCS), unilateral mastectomy (UM), or contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) for breast cancer. However, it is not known whether preferred and actual decision-making roles differ across these surgery types, or whether surgery choice reflects a woman's goals or achieves desired outcomes. METHODS Women diagnosed with stage 0-III unilateral breast cancer across eight large medical centers responded to a mailed questionnaire regarding treatment decision-making goals, roles, and outcomes. These data were linked to electronic medical records. Differences were assessed using descriptive analyses and logistic regression. RESULTS There were 750 study participants: 60.1% BCS, 17.9% UM, and 22.0% CPM. On multivariate analysis, reducing worry about recurrence was a more important goal for surgery in the CPM group than the others. Although women's preferred role in the treatment decision did not differ by surgery, the CPM group was more likely to report taking a more-active-than-preferred role than the BCS group. On multivariate analysis that included receipt of additional surgery, posttreatment worry about both ipsilateral and contralateral recurrence was higher in the BCS group than the CPM group (both p < 0.001). The UM group was more worried than the CPM group about contralateral recurrence only (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Women with CPM were more likely to report being able to reduce worry about recurrence as a very important goal for surgery. They were also the least worried about ipsilateral breast recurrence and contralateral breast cancer almost two years postdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid M Lizarraga
- Department of Surgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mary C Schroeder
- Division of Health Services Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Ismail Jatoi
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sonia L Sugg
- Department of Surgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Amy Trentham-Dietz
- Carbone Cancer Center and Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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25
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Abstract
Breast surgical oncology is a rapidly evolving field with significant advances shaped by practice-changing research. Three areas of ongoing controversy are (1) high rates of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) in the United States despite uncertain benefit, (2) indications for and use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and endocrine therapy (NET), and (3) staging and treatment of the axilla, particularly after neoadjuvant systemic therapy. We discuss the patient populations for whom CPM may or may not be beneficial, indications for NACT and NET, and the trend toward de-escalation of locoregional axillary treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Gutnik
- Duke University School of Medicine, DUMC 3513, Durham, NC 27707, USA. https://twitter.com/LGutnik
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26
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Ha M, Ngaage LM, Klein M, Yang A, Colohan SM, Nurudeen SM, Terhune JH, Slezak S, Rasko YM. Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy in the setting of breast cancer diagnosis and their insurance coverage in the United States. Breast J 2021; 27:746-752. [PMID: 34528334 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.14280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) is more common in the United States than the rest of the world. However, the benefit of this procedure is still under question in many breast cancer scenarios. CPM utilization in the United States is in part dependent on a patient's health insurance coverage of breast oncology surgery and any desired reconstruction. However, there are great discrepancies in the coverage provided by insurers. METHODS The authors conducted a cross-sectional analysis of insurance policies for a CPM in the setting of diagnosed breast cancer. One hundred companies were selected based on their state enrollment and market share. Their policies were identified through a Web-based search and telephone interviews, and their medical necessity criteria were extracted. RESULTS Of the 100 companies assessed, 36 (36%) had a policy for CPM. Within those, significantly more provided coverage than denied the procedure (72% vs. 25%, p < 0.0001), with the remainder providing case-by-case coverage. Eleven criteria were identified from preauthorized policies, the most common prerequisite was breast cancer diagnosis under 45 years old (n = 9, 35%). Most policies did not differentiate between gender in their policies (n = 25, 69%), but of those that did, 100% (n = 11) provided coverage for men and women, with 82% (n = 9) requiring further criteria from the female patients. CONCLUSION The coverage of CPM in the United States varies from complete denial to unrestricted approval. This may be due to conflicting reports in the literature as to the utility of the procedure. The decision to undergo this procedure must be taken with thoughtful consideration and the support of a multidisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ha
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ledibabari M Ngaage
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marissa Klein
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Annie Yang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shannon M Colohan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Suliat M Nurudeen
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Julia H Terhune
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sheri Slezak
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yvonne M Rasko
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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27
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Giannakeas V, Lim DW, Narod SA. The risk of contralateral breast cancer: a SEER-based analysis. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:601-610. [PMID: 34040177 PMCID: PMC8368197 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01417-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to estimate the annual risk and 25-year cumulative risk of contralateral breast cancer among women with stage 0-III unilateral breast cancer. METHODS We identified 812,851 women with unilateral breast cancer diagnosed between 1990 and 2015 in the SEER database and followed them for contralateral breast cancer for up to 25 years. Women with a known bilateral mastectomy were excluded. We calculated the annual risk of contralateral breast cancer by age at diagnosis, by time since diagnosis and by current age. We compared risks by ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) versus invasive disease, by race and by oestrogen receptor (ER) status of the first cancer. RESULTS There were 25,958 cases of contralateral invasive breast cancer diagnosed (3.2% of all patients). The annual risk of contralateral breast cancer over the 25-year follow-up period was 0.37% and the 25-year actuarial risk of contralateral invasive breast cancer was 9.9%. The annual risk varied to a small degree by age of diagnosis, by time elapsed since diagnosis and by current age. The 25-year actuarial risk was similar for DCIS and invasive breast cancer patients (10.1 versus 9.9%). The 25-year actuarial risk was higher for black women (12.7%) than for white women (9.7%) and was lower for women with ER-positive breast cancer (9.5%) than for women with ER-negative breast cancer (11.2%). CONCLUSIONS Women with unilateral breast cancer experience an annual risk of contralateral breast cancer ~0.4% per year, which persists over the 25-year follow-up period.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Age Factors
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Female
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/epidemiology
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/pathology
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Risk Factors
- SEER Program
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily Giannakeas
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David W Lim
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven A Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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28
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Lim DW, Retrouvey H, Kerrebijn I, Butler K, O'Neill AC, Cil TD, Zhong T, Hofer SOP, McCready DR, Metcalfe KA. Longitudinal Study of Psychosocial Outcomes Following Surgery in Women with Unilateral Nonhereditary Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:5985-5998. [PMID: 33821345 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rates of bilateral mastectomy are rising in women with unilateral, nonhereditary breast cancer. We aim to characterize how psychosocial outcomes evolve after breast cancer surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a prospective cohort study of women with unilateral, sporadic stage 0-III breast cancer at University Health Network in Toronto, Canada between 2014 and 2017. Women completed validated psychosocial questionnaires (BREAST-Q, Impact of Event Scale, Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale) preoperatively, and at 6 and 12 months following surgery. Change in psychosocial scores was assessed between surgical groups using linear mixed models, controlling for age, stage, and adjuvant treatments. P < .05 were significant. RESULTS A total of 475 women underwent unilateral lumpectomy (42.5%), unilateral mastectomy (38.3%), and bilateral mastectomy (19.2%). There was a significant interaction (P < .0001) between procedure and time for breast satisfaction, psychosocial and physical well-being. Women having unilateral lumpectomy had higher breast satisfaction and psychosocial well-being scores at 6 and 12 months after surgery compared with either unilateral or bilateral mastectomy, with no difference between the latter two groups. Physical well-being declined in all groups over time; scores were not better in women having bilateral mastectomy. While sexual well-being scores remained stable in the unilateral lumpectomy group, scores declined similarly in both unilateral and bilateral mastectomy groups over time. Cancer-related distress, anxiety, and depression scores declined significantly after surgery, regardless of surgical procedure (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial outcomes are not improved with contralateral prophylactic mastectomy in women with unilateral breast cancer. Our data may inform women considering contralateral prophylactic mastectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Lim
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Surgery, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Division of General Surgery, University Health Network (Princess Margaret Cancer Centre), Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Helene Retrouvey
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Isabel Kerrebijn
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kate Butler
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anne C O'Neill
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tulin D Cil
- Department of Surgery, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of General Surgery, University Health Network (Princess Margaret Cancer Centre), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Toni Zhong
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stefan O P Hofer
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David R McCready
- Division of General Surgery, University Health Network (Princess Margaret Cancer Centre), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kelly A Metcalfe
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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29
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Lizarraga IM, Kahl AR, Jacoby E, Charlton ME, Lynch CF, Sugg SL. Impact of age, rurality and distance in predicting contralateral prophylactic mastectomy for breast cancer in a Midwestern state: a population-based study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 188:191-202. [PMID: 33582888 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Iowa is among several rural Midwestern states with the highest proportions of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) in women < 45 years of age. We evaluated the role of rurality and travel distance in these surgical patterns. METHODS Women with unilateral breast cancer (2007-2017) were identified using Iowa Cancer Registry records. Patients and treating hospitals were classified as metro, nonmetro, and rural based on Rural-Urban Continuum Codes. Differences in patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics and median travel distance (MTD) were compared. Characteristics associated with CPM were evaluated with multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS 22,158 women were identified: 57% metro, 26% nonmetro and 18% rural. Young rural women had the highest proportion of CPM (52%, 39% and 40% for rural, metro, nonmetro women < 40 years). Half of all rural women had surgery at metro hospitals; these women had the longest MTD (62 miles). Among all women treated at metro hospitals, rural women had the highest proportion of CPM (17% rural vs 14% metro/nonmetro, p = 0.007). On multivariate analysis, traveling ≥ 50 miles (ORs 1.43-2.34) and rural residence (OR = 1.29) were independently predictive of CPM. Other risk factors were young age (< 40 years: OR = 7.28, 95% CI 5.97-8.88) and surgery at a metro hospital that offers reconstruction (OR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.65-3.21) and is not NCI-designated (OR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.92-2.86). CONCLUSION There is an unexpectedly high proportion of CPM in young rural women in Iowa, and travel distance and availability of reconstructive services likely influence decision-making. Improving access to multidisciplinary care in rural states may help optimize decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid M Lizarraga
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 4636 JCP, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA.
| | - Amanda R Kahl
- College of Public Heath, University of Iowa, Iowa, USA
| | - Ellie Jacoby
- School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
| | | | | | - Sonia L Sugg
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 4636 JCP, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA
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Lim DW, Metcalfe KA, Narod SA. Bilateral Mastectomy in Women With Unilateral Breast Cancer: A Review. JAMA Surg 2021; 156:569-576. [PMID: 33566074 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2020.6664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Rates of bilateral mastectomy continue to increase in average-risk women with unilateral in situ and invasive breast cancer. Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy rates increased from 5% to 12% of all operations for breast cancer in the US from 2004 to 2012. Among women having mastectomy, rates of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy have increased from less than 2% in 1998 to 30% in 2012. Observations The increased use of breast magnetic resonance imaging and genetic testing has marginally increased the number of candidates for bilateral mastectomy. Most bilateral mastectomies are performed on women who are at no special risk for contralateral cancer. The true risk of contralateral breast cancer is not associated with the decision for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy; rather, the clinical factors associated with the probability of distant recurrence are associated with bilateral mastectomy. Several changes in society and health care delivery appear to act concurrently and synergistically. First, the anxiety engendered by a fear of cancer recurrence is focused on the contralateral cancer because this is most easily conceptualized and provides a ready target that can be acted upon. Second, the modern woman with breast cancer is supported by the surgeon and the social community of breast cancer survivors. Surgeons want to respect patient autonomy, despite guidelines discouraging bilateral mastectomy, and most women have their expenses covered by a third-party payer. Satisfaction with the results is high, but the association with improved psychosocial well-being remains to be fully understood. Conclusions and Relevance Reducing the use of medically unnecessary contralateral prophylactic mastectomy in women with nonhereditary, unilateral breast cancer requires a social change that addresses patient-, physician-, cultural-, and systems-level enabling factors. Such a transformation begins with educating clinicians and patients. The concerns of women who want preventive contralateral mastectomy must be explored, and women need to be informed of the anticipated benefits (or lack thereof) and risks. Areas requiring further study are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Lim
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelly A Metcalfe
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven A Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Baskin AS, Wang T, Bredbeck BC, Sinco BR, Berlin NL, Dossett LA. Trends in Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy Utilization for Small Unilateral Breast Cancer. J Surg Res 2021; 262:71-84. [PMID: 33548676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For average-risk women with unilateral breast cancer, contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) offers no survival benefit and contributes to increased costs and patient harm. Despite recommendations from professional societies against CPM, utilization of this service is increasing, partly due to patients' desire for breast symmetry when undergoing mastectomy. Most women with small tumors are candidates for breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and could avoid CPM. We describe CPM utilization in women with small, unilateral tumors, and identify determinants of possible overuse. METHODS Using the National Cancer Database, we identified women with unilateral, T1 breast cancer. We evaluated utilization of BCS, unilateral mastectomy, and CPM and assessed patient, tumor, and facility factors associated with CPM. RESULTS Of 765,487 women with small, unilateral breast cancer, 69% underwent BCS and 31% chose mastectomy. Of 176,673 women ≥70 y, 75% underwent BCS and 25% chose mastectomy. CPM rates in both cohorts have increased since 2006. Decreased adjuvant radiotherapy in older women was associated with increased BCS rates. Patient factors (younger age, white race, private insurance, and breast reconstruction), tumor factors (lobular histology, higher grade, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive/estrogen receptor negative status), and facility factors (type and geographic location) were associated with increased CPM rates compared with unilateral mastectomy in multivariable models. CONCLUSIONS Most women with small unilateral breast cancer are candidates for BCS, yet one-third elects to undergo a mastectomy, of which a rising percentage opts for CPM. Tailoring deimplementation strategies to factors influencing treatment may help reduce CPM utilization and associated financial toxicity, pain, and disability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ton Wang
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes & Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Brooke C Bredbeck
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes & Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Brandy R Sinco
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes & Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nicholas L Berlin
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes & Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Lesly A Dossett
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes & Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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Spindler N, Ebel F, Briest S, Wallochny S, Langer S. Quality of Life After Bilateral Risk-Reducing Mastectomy and Simultaneous Reconstruction Using Pre-Pectoral Silicone Implants. Patient Prefer Adherence 2021; 15:741-750. [PMID: 33880017 PMCID: PMC8053496 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s303208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy (BRRM) can reduce the risk of developing breast cancer by up to 95% in women with increased exposure. Although survival is increased, mastectomies can adversely affect a patient physically, psychologically, and psychosexually. High health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is often achieved after simultaneous breast reconstruction (BR) following BRRM; however, data on the pre- and postoperative results of HRQoL are lacking. Therefore, we investigated the quality of life, esthetic outcome, and patient well-being after BRRM and simultaneous implant-based BR. PATIENTS AND METHODS Of the 35 patients who underwent skin-sparing or nipple-sparing mastectomy between May 2012 and December 2017 at a university hospital, only 22 completed the evaluation. Baseline data and data on previous operations and operation techniques were retrieved from the patient's charts. BREAST-Q and short form-36 health survey (SF-36) questionnaires were used to evaluate patient satisfaction and HRQoL. RESULTS SF-36 analysis showed a significantly higher score for pain (p=0.043) in our population than in the general female population. Comparing the pre- and postoperative BREAST-Q results, a significant decrease in the physical well-being of the chest (p=0.0179) and a slight improvement in breast satisfaction were observed (p=0.3266). All patients were well-satisfied with the postoperative outcome, reconstruction, and perioperative surgeon care. CONCLUSION Bilateral mastectomy with simultaneous BR using pre-pectoral implants is associated with an HRQoL similar to that of the healthy population. Although bilateral mastectomy may have an immense effect on the psychological, physical, and social aspects, immediate BR preserves the outer appearance and improves self-esteem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Spindler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Traumatology and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: Nick Spindler Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Traumatology and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, Leipzig, 04103, GermanyTel +49-341-9717140Fax +49-341-9717139 Email
| | - Franziska Ebel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Traumatology and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Briest
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s and Children’s Centre, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sandra Wallochny
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s and Children’s Centre, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Langer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Traumatology and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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The relationship between contralateral prophylactic mastectomy and breast reconstruction, complications, breast-related procedures, and costs: A population-based study of health insurance data. Surgery 2020; 168:859-867. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Canada follows the US in the rise of bilateral mastectomies for unilateral breast cancer: a 23-year population cohort study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 185:517-525. [PMID: 33128192 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05965-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) continues to grow despite the absence of evidence supporting a survival benefit. This study's objectives were to (1) describe the trends in the rates of unilateral and bilateral mastectomy (BM) in women diagnosed with unilateral breast cancer (UBC) in Ontario, Canada from 1991 to 2013, and (2) identify factors associated with BM to treat UBC. METHODS This retrospective cohort analysis included all women aged 18 and older diagnosed with UBC between January 1991 and December 2013. Health administrative data from the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, the Ontario Cancer Registry, and the Discharge Abstract Database were used to identify all breast cancer and mastectomy cases. Age-adjusted mastectomy rates were plotted over time. Univariable and multivariable analyses included clinically significant covariates. RESULTS From 1991 to 2013 there were 172,165 cases of UBC and 64,886 mastectomies (37.7%) performed in Ontario. 13.6% of the mastectomies were bilateral. BM rates increased over sixfold (from 4 to 25%) across all age groups under age 70 over a 23-year period. On multivariable analysis, younger age, higher income, rural community, earlier breast cancer stage, lobular histology, availability of reconstruction and teaching hospitals were associated with increased odds of BM. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest population study of breast cancer patients in Canada and shows an increasing rate of BM for UBC. The results are similar to those already described in the US and highlight the importance of continued efforts to promote efficient communication and evidence-based decision-making prior to breast surgery.
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Maes‐Carballo M, Muñoz‐Núñez I, Martín‐Díaz M, Mignini L, Bueno‐Cavanillas A, Khan KS. Shared decision making in breast cancer treatment guidelines: Development of a quality assessment tool and a systematic review. Health Expect 2020; 23:1045-1064. [PMID: 32748514 PMCID: PMC7696137 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is not clear whether clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and consensus statements (CSs) are adequately promoting shared decision making (SDM). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the recommendations about SDM in CPGs and CSs concerning breast cancer (BC) treatment. SEARCH STRATEGY Following protocol registration (Prospero no.: CRD42018106643), CPGs and CSs on BC treatment were identified, without language restrictions, through systematic search of bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, CDSR) and online sources (12 guideline databases and 51 professional society websites) from January 2010 to December 2019. INCLUSION CRITERIA CPGs and CSs on BC treatment were selected whether published in a journal or in an online document. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS A 31-item SDM quality assessment tool was developed and used to extract data in duplicate. MAIN RESULTS There were 167 relevant CPGs (139) and CSs (28); SDM was reported in only 40% of the studies. SDM was reported more often in recent publications after 2015 (42/101 (41.6 %) vs 46/66 (69.7 %), P = .0003) but less often in medical journal publications (44/101 (43.5 %) vs 17/66 (25.7 %), P = .009). In CPGs and CSs with SDM, only 8/66 (12%) met one-fifth (6 of 31) of the quality items; only 14/66 (8%) provided clear and precise SDM recommendations. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS SDM descriptions and recommendations in CPGs and CSs concerning BC treatment need improvement. SDM was more frequently reported in CPGs and CSs in recent years, but surprisingly it was less often covered in medical journals, a feature that needs attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Maes‐Carballo
- Department of General SurgeryComplexo Hospitalario de OurenseOurenseSpain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | | | | | | | - Aurora Bueno‐Cavanillas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBSGranadaSpain
| | - Khalid Saeed Khan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
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36
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Lim DW, Narod SA. Outcomes of breast reconstruction following prophylactic bilateral mastectomy. Breast J 2020; 26:1637-1638. [PMID: 32783312 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.14016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David W Lim
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steven A Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Haffty BG, Euhus DM, Pierce LJ. Genetic Factors in the Locoregional Management of Breast Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2020; 38:2220-2229. [PMID: 32442063 DOI: 10.1200/jco.19.02859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - David M Euhus
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lori J Pierce
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
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38
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D’Agostino TA, Brewster AM, Peterson SK, Bedrosian I, Parker PA. Discussions about contralateral prophylactic mastectomy among surgical oncology providers and women with sporadic breast cancer: a content analysis. Transl Behav Med 2020; 10:347-354. [PMID: 30561744 PMCID: PMC7237543 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/iby098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rates of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) have risen substantially, yet little is known about how and to what extent CPM is discussed within surgical oncology visits at the time of treatment decision-making. We examined CPM discussions in naturally occurring interactions between sporadic breast cancer patients and their surgical oncology providers. Women with early-stage unilateral disease were recruited before their first surgical visit and completed brief questionnaires to determine study eligibility and interest in treatment options. After their visits, enrolled patients and their providers completed questionnaires assessing discussion of and interest in CPM. Audio-recorded visits from 36 unique patients were randomly selected, transcribed, and analyzed. A CPM discussion was present in 28 transcripts. Approximately half of CPM discussions were initiated by the patient or the oncology provider. The topic of CPM was most frequently introduced while reviewing available treatment options. Patients were most interested in pursuing CPM to reduce the risk of future breast cancer. Providers most frequently responded by offering information (e.g., about risk of contralateral disease). A high level of agreement was found among patient, provider, and observer ratings of whether or not CPM was discussed. CPM discussions were consistently present within our sample. Results can be used to build providers' skills and bring provider-patient communication more in line with best practices and recommendations from leading professional medical societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A D’Agostino
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Albany Stratton VA Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Abenaa M Brewster
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan K Peterson
- Department of Behavioral Science, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Isabelle Bedrosian
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patricia A Parker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Abstract
In the past decades the demand for prophylactic mastectomies has increased substantially. For healthy non high risk germ line mutation carriers there is no real objective justification for such a procedure, and screening according established evidence based guidelines is strongly advised. More demand for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy is coming from women diagnosed with breast cancer. First counseling and appropriate germ line gene mutation testing has to be established. In absence of high risk mutations, breast conservation therapy for the diagnosed breast cancer is as good as mastectomy, and the risk of a contralateral breast cancer is low (0.3-0.6% per annum follow up). So bilateral mastectomy will not provide any survival benefit and is associated with worsened body image and QoL, and more complications and re-operations as compared to breast conservation followed by screening. The patient asking for a CPM deserves careful counseling and a shared decision process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiel J T Rutgers
- Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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40
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Trends in Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2020; 44:323-329. [PMID: 31853610 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-019-01582-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many breast cancer patients remove their contralateral breast unaffected by cancer, commonly referred to as contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM). CPM has been extensively studied and does not improve survival in patients without deleterious genetic mutation or lobular histology. Despite these limited indications, CPM rates have increased recently. We observed CPM trends in our county safety-net hospital. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of women treated for breast cancer who underwent bilateral mastectomy in our institution. RESULTS We analyzed 100 CPMs: 51% (n = 51) had bilateral breast MRI before CPM, 54% (n = 54) had genetic testing prior to CPM, and 56% (n = 30) had a deleterious genetic result. Another 12% (n = 12) had lobular histology as the primary determinant for CPM. Of patients without genetic mutation or lobular histology, 13% (n = 13) had suspicious MRI findings in the CPM side that drove the decision for CPM. Forty-seven percent (n = 47) had reconstructive surgery documented. CONCLUSION Only 42% (n = 42) of patients who underwent CPM had a documented justifiable medical reason. In the future, physician and patient education may decrease unindicated CPM. We also found that 13% of women without a medical indication chose CPM based on suspicious MRI findings, while only 8% of these MRI findings were malignant. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
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Momoh AO, Griffith KA, Hawley ST, Morrow M, Ward KC, Hamilton AS, Shumway D, Katz SJ, Jagsi R. Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction: Exploring Plastic Surgeon Practice Patterns and Perspectives. Plast Reconstr Surg 2020; 145:865-876. [PMID: 32221191 PMCID: PMC8099170 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000006627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within the multidisciplinary management of breast cancer, variations exist in the reconstructive options offered and care provided. The authors evaluated plastic surgeon perspectives on important issues related to breast cancer management and reconstruction and provide some insight into factors that influence these perspectives. METHODS Women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer (stages 0 to II) between July of 2013 and September of 2014 were identified through the Georgia and Los Angeles Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries. These women were surveyed and identified their treating plastic surgeons. Surveys were sent to the identified plastic surgeons to collect data on specific reconstruction practices. RESULTS Responses from 134 plastic surgeons (74.4 percent response rate) were received. Immediate reconstruction (79.7 percent) was the most common approach to timing, and expander/implant reconstruction (72.6 percent) was the most common technique reported. Nearly one-third of respondents (32.1 percent) reported that reimbursement influenced the proportion of autologous reconstructions performed. Most (82.8 percent) reported that discussions about contralateral prophylactic mastectomy were initiated by patients. Most surgeons (81.3 to 84.3 percent) felt that good symmetry is achieved with unilateral autologous reconstruction with contralateral symmetry procedures in patients with small or large breasts; a less pronounced majority (62.7 percent) favored unilateral implant reconstructions in patients with large breasts. In patients requiring postmastectomy radiation therapy, one-fourth of the surgeons (27.6 percent) reported that they seldom recommend delayed reconstruction, and 64.9 percent reported recommending immediate expander/implant reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS Reconstructive practices in a modern cohort of plastic surgeons suggest that immediate and implant reconstructions are performed preferentially. Respondents perceived a number of factors, including surgeon training, time spent in the operating room, and insurance reimbursement, to negatively influence the performance of autologous reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeyiza O Momoh
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery, the School of Public Health, Center for Cancer Biostatistics, the Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Bioethics and Social Science in Medicine, the Department of Internal Medicine, and the Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development; the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; the Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health; and the Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Kent A Griffith
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery, the School of Public Health, Center for Cancer Biostatistics, the Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Bioethics and Social Science in Medicine, the Department of Internal Medicine, and the Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development; the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; the Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health; and the Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Sarah T Hawley
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery, the School of Public Health, Center for Cancer Biostatistics, the Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Bioethics and Social Science in Medicine, the Department of Internal Medicine, and the Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development; the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; the Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health; and the Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Monica Morrow
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery, the School of Public Health, Center for Cancer Biostatistics, the Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Bioethics and Social Science in Medicine, the Department of Internal Medicine, and the Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development; the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; the Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health; and the Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Kevin C Ward
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery, the School of Public Health, Center for Cancer Biostatistics, the Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Bioethics and Social Science in Medicine, the Department of Internal Medicine, and the Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development; the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; the Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health; and the Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Ann S Hamilton
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery, the School of Public Health, Center for Cancer Biostatistics, the Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Bioethics and Social Science in Medicine, the Department of Internal Medicine, and the Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development; the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; the Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health; and the Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Dean Shumway
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery, the School of Public Health, Center for Cancer Biostatistics, the Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Bioethics and Social Science in Medicine, the Department of Internal Medicine, and the Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development; the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; the Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health; and the Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Steven J Katz
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery, the School of Public Health, Center for Cancer Biostatistics, the Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Bioethics and Social Science in Medicine, the Department of Internal Medicine, and the Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development; the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; the Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health; and the Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Reshma Jagsi
- From the Section of Plastic Surgery, the School of Public Health, Center for Cancer Biostatistics, the Department of Radiation Oncology, Center for Bioethics and Social Science in Medicine, the Department of Internal Medicine, and the Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development; the Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; the Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health; and the Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
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Montagna G, Morrow M. Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy in breast cancer: what to discuss with patients. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2020; 20:159-166. [PMID: 32077338 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2020.1732213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) rate in the U.S. has been steadily increasing. This is of particular concern because many women who undergo this procedure are candidates for breast-conserving surgery.Areas covered: CPM's medical benefit is related to the risk of contralateral cancer development and whether CPM provides a survival benefit. Contralateral cancer rates have decreased, and CPM does not provide a survival benefit. Other potential benefits of the procedure may be improved quality of life; these data are reviewed. Research efforts have been undertaken to better understand the decision-making process of patients who consider, and ultimately undergo, this procedure.Expert opinion: Decisional traits, personal values, the desire for peace of mind, and the desire to obtain breast symmetry are important factors that drive a woman's decision to undergo CPM. Additionally, many patients lack the knowledge on how different types of breast surgery impact outcomes. To improve the shared decision-making process, a stepwise approach to address possible misconceptions, and clarify the real risks/benefits of this procedure should be utilized. A clear recommendation (for/against) should be made for every patient with newly diagnosed breast cancer who considers CPM. Communication tools to assist patients and surgeons in this process are sorely needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Montagna
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monica Morrow
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Terkelsen T, Rønning H, Skytte AB. Impact of genetic counseling on the uptake of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy among younger women with breast cancer. Acta Oncol 2020; 59:60-65. [PMID: 31379231 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2019.1648860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Preoperative genetic testing affects the surgical decision-making among women with breast cancer. To avoid breast-conserving surgery and to offer the possibility of mastectomy with immediate reconstruction in high-risk patients, genetic testing for pathogenic variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2 and a pedigree-based familial breast cancer risk assessment was offered to younger women with breast cancer in Denmark. We evaluated the impact of the risk stratification through genetic counseling on the uptake of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM).Material and methods: The prospective cohort study included all women with unilateral breast cancer before the age of 45 who participated in a genetic counseling program during their primary diagnostics in the Central Denmark Region (2013-2018). Each patient was followed from the time of the genetic test result to the end of follow-up to estimate the long-term uptake of CPM as a competing risk-adjusted cumulative incidence. We compared the uptake of CPM between the various genetic risk categories, ages of onset, and family histories in a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model, reporting hazard ratios (HR) with two-sided 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: 156 females, aged 21-44, learned their genetic test result within a median of 92 days [interquartile range (IQR): 75-114]. The maximal follow-up was 3.8 years (median 1.8; IQR: 0.49-2.5), after which 33% (95% CI: 24-42%) of the patients had undergone CPM. The uptake of CPM was inversely associated with the age of onset (HR 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86-0.98) and significantly higher among BRCA carriers (HR 2.9; 95% CI: 1.3-6.8) and patients from the high risk of breast cancer families (HR 5.6; 95% CI: 1.9-16) compared to the lower genetic risk categories.Conclusion: The risk stratification obtained through genetic counseling had a considerable impact on the surgical decision-making among younger women with breast cancer at long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorkild Terkelsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hanne Rønning
- Plastic and Breast Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne-Bine Skytte
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Christian N, Zabor EC, Cassidy M, Flynn J, Morrow M, Gemignani ML. Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy Use After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 27:743-749. [PMID: 31732944 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-08038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer increases breast-conserving surgery (BCS) rates, but many women opt for mastectomy with contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM). Here we evaluate factors associated with CPM use in women undergoing mastectomy post-NAC. METHODS A retrospective institutional NAC database review identified women with clinical stage I-III, unilateral invasive breast cancer undergoing unilateral mastectomy (UM) or CPM mastectomy from 9/2013 to 12/2017. Clinical/pathologic characteristics, imaging, and presence of contraindications to BCS post-NAC were compared, with subset analysis of BCS candidates. The multivariable analysis was adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Five hundred sixty-nine women underwent mastectomy after NAC, 297 (52%) UM and 272 (48%) CPM. On univariable analysis, younger age, BRCA+, lower pre-NAC clinical stage, pathologic complete response, and axillary surgery extent were associated with CPM (all p < 0.01). Favorable post-NAC clinical factors of no residual palpable disease, clinically negative nodes, complete response on breast imaging, and no post-NAC contraindication to BCS were also associated with CPM (all p < 0.01). On multivariable analysis, young age (odds ratio [OR] 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91-0.95), lower pre-NAC stage (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.34-0.77), and no contraindication to BCS (OR 3.12, 95% CI 2.02-4.82) were significantly associated with CPM. Among the 203 (35%) women who had no contraindications to BCS post-NAC, 145 (71%) underwent CPM. BRCA+ and family history were reasons more frequently cited for mastectomy among CPM than UM (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CPM was performed in 48% of women undergoing mastectomy after NAC; younger women with earlier-stage cancers were more likely to undergo CPM. While increased use of CPM in women with more favorable disease is medically appropriate, our findings indicate a lost opportunity for use of BCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Christian
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Emily C Zabor
- Biostatistics Service, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Cassidy
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jessica Flynn
- Biostatistics Service, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monica Morrow
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Mary L Gemignani
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Chang J, Seng S, Yoo J, Equivel P, Lum SS. Clinical Management of Patients at Risk for Hereditary Breast Cancer with Variants of Uncertain Significance in the Era of Multigene Panel Testing. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:3389-3396. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Alvarado MD, Mittendorf EA, Teshome M, Thompson AM, Bold RJ, Gittleman MA, Beitsch PD, Blair SL, Kivilaid K, Harmer QJ, Hunt KK. SentimagIC: A Non-inferiority Trial Comparing Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Versus Technetium-99m and Blue Dye in the Detection of Axillary Sentinel Nodes in Patients with Early-Stage Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:3510-3516. [PMID: 31297674 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a highly accurate method for staging the axilla in early breast cancer. Superparamagnetic iron oxide mapping agents have been explored to overcome the disadvantages of the standard SLNB technique, which uses a radioisotope tracer with or without blue dye. One such agent, Sienna+, was shown to be non-inferior to the standard technique for SLNB in a number of studies. The SentimagIC trial was designed to establish the non-inferiority of a new formulation of this magnetic tracer, Magtrace (formerly SiennaXP). METHODS Patients with clinically node-negative early-stage breast cancer were recruited from six centers in the US. Patients received radioisotope and isosulfan blue dye injections, followed by an intraoperative injection of magnetic tracer, prior to SLNB. The sentinel node identification rate was compared between the magnetic and standard techniques to evaluate non-inferiority and concordance. RESULTS Data were collected for 146 procedures in 146 patients. The per patient detection rate was 99.3% (145/146) when using the magnetic tracer and 98.6% (144/146) when using the standard technique, while the nodal detection rate was 94.3% (348/369 nodes) when using the magnetic tracer and 93.5% (345/369) when using the standard technique (difference 0.8%, 95% binomial confidence interval lower bound - 2.1%). Of the 22 patients with positive sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs), 21 (95.4%) were detected by both the magnetic tracer and the standard technique. All malignant nodes detected by standard technique were also identified by the magnetic technique. CONCLUSION The magnetic technique is non-inferior to the standard technique of radioisotope and blue dye for axillary SLN detection in early-stage breast cancer. The magnetic technique is therefore a viable alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Alvarado
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A Mittendorf
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mediget Teshome
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alastair M Thompson
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Richard J Bold
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Sarah L Blair
- Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kaisa Kivilaid
- Regulatory and Clinical Research Institute, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Kelly K Hunt
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Bedrosian I, Parker PA, Brewster AM. Who should get a contralateral prophylactic mastectomy for breast cancer? Cancer 2019; 125:1400-1403. [PMID: 30645775 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Bedrosian
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Patricia A Parker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Abenaa M Brewster
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Abstract
Les progrès du séquençage à haut débit permettent de rechercher simultanément des mutations sur plusieurs gènes pour explorer la prédisposition héréditaire au cancer du sein. Selon le gène, le niveau de risque et le spectre des cancers peuvent varier. Les dispositions spécifiques de prise en charge préconisées sont modulées en fonction des gènes, classés en : (1) très haut risque, tels les gènes BRCA1/2 suivant les recommandations de l’INCa 2017 ; (2) risque élevé ; (3) augmentation modérée : dans ce dernier cas, les mesures de surveillance sont similaires à la population générale. En l’absence de mutation, d’autres facteurs de risque peuvent intervenir et des scores professionnels être calculés. Cependant, selon les recommandations de la HAS 2014, l’histoire familiale prévaut : sur cette base, le dispositif national d’oncogénétique de l’INCa a mis en place un maillage national de réseaux de suivi des personnes à haut risque, présentant ou non des mutations. Enfin, de nouvelles voies thérapeutiques spécifiques s’ouvrent pour les personnes porteuses de mutations.
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West AH, Blazer KR, Stoll J, Jones M, Weipert CM, Nielsen SM, Kupfer SS, Weitzel JN, Olopade OI. Clinical interpretation of pathogenic ATM and CHEK2 variants on multigene panel tests: navigating moderate risk. Fam Cancer 2018; 17:495-505. [PMID: 29445900 PMCID: PMC6092249 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-018-0070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive genomic cancer risk assessment (GCRA) helps patients, family members, and providers make informed choices about cancer screening, surgical and chemotherapeutic risk reduction, and genetically targeted cancer therapies. The increasing availability of multigene panel tests for clinical applications allows testing of well-defined high-risk genes, as well as moderate-risk genes, for which the penetrance and spectrum of cancer risk are less well characterized. Moderate-risk genes are defined as genes that, when altered by a pathogenic variant, confer a 2 to fivefold relative risk of cancer. Two such genes included on many comprehensive cancer panels are the DNA repair genes ATM and CHEK2, best known for moderately increased risk of breast cancer development. However, the impact of screening and preventative interventions and spectrum of cancer risk beyond breast cancer associated with ATM and/or CHEK2 variants remain less well characterized. We convened a large, multidisciplinary, cross-sectional panel of GCRA clinicians to review challenging, peer-submitted cases of patients identified with ATM or CHEK2 variants. This paper summarizes the inter-professional case discussion and recommendations generated during the session, the level of concordance with respect to recommendations between the academic and community clinician participants for each case, and potential barriers to implementing recommended care in various practice settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison H. West
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, The University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Kathleen R. Blazer
- Division of Clinical Cancer Genomics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California
| | - Jessica Stoll
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Matthew Jones
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Caroline M. Weipert
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Sarah M. Nielsen
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Sonia S. Kupfer
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Jeffrey N. Weitzel
- Division of Clinical Cancer Genomics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California
| | - Olufunmilayo I. Olopade
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, The University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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50
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Leach CM, Collins MS. Breast Reconstruction in the Setting of Surgical Prevention for Breast Cancer. CURRENT BREAST CANCER REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12609-018-0283-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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