1
|
Mor E, Tejman-Yarden S, Mor-Hadar D, Assaf D, Eifer M, Nagar N, Vazhgovsky O, Duffield J, Henderson MA, Speakman D, Snow H, Gyorki DE. 3D-SARC: A Pilot Study Testing the Use of a 3D Augmented-Reality Model with Conventional Imaging as a Preoperative Assessment Tool for Surgical Resection of Retroperitoneal Sarcoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:7198-7205. [PMID: 38898325 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15634-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPSs) present a surgical challenge, with complex anatomic relationships to organs and vascular structures. This pilot study investigated the role of three-dimensional (3D) augmented reality (3DAR) compared with standard imaging in preoperative planning and resection strategies. METHODS For the study, 13 patients who underwent surgical resection of their RPS were selected based on the location of their tumor (right, left, pelvis). From the patients' preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans, 3DAR models were created using a D2P program and projected by an augmented-reality (AR) glass (Hololens). The 3DAR models were evaluated by three experienced sarcoma surgeons and compared with the baseline two-dimensional (2D) contrast-enhanced CT scans. RESULTS Three members of the surgical team evaluated 13 models of retroperitoneal sarcomas, resulting in a total of 26 responses. When the surgical team was asked to evaluate whether the 3DAR better prepared the surgeon for planned surgical resection, 10 responses favored the 3DAR, 5 favored the 2D CT scans and 11 showed no difference (p = 0.074). According to 15 (57.6 %) of the 26 responses, the 3DAR offered additional value over standard imaging in the preoperative planning (median score of 4; range, 1-5). The median stated likelihood that the surgeons would consult the 3DAR was 5 (range, 2-5) for the preoperative setting and 3 (range, 1-5) for the intraoperative setting. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study suggests that the use of 3DAR may provide additional value over current standard imaging in the preoperative planning for surgical resection of RPS, and the technology merits further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Mor
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- The Surgical Oncology Unit - Division of Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Affiliated with the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Shai Tejman-Yarden
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Edmond J. Safra International Congenital Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Engineering Medical Research Lab, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Danielle Mor-Hadar
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dan Assaf
- The Surgical Oncology Unit - Division of Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Affiliated with the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Eifer
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Netanel Nagar
- Industrial Design Department, Shenkar College of Engineering, Design and Art, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Oliana Vazhgovsky
- The Engineering Medical Research Lab, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Jaime Duffield
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael A Henderson
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David Speakman
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hayden Snow
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David E Gyorki
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
St John A, Cooper L, Kavic SM. Non-Designated Preliminary to Categorical Resident: Is It All About the ABSITE? Am Surg 2024:31348241281556. [PMID: 39222405 DOI: 10.1177/00031348241281556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obtaining a categorical general surgery residency position is recognized as a highly challenging process, and many aspiring surgeons find themselves matching into a preliminary position. The American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination (ABSITE) is relevant as a discriminator, as it is the only national evaluation metric that compares residents between programs. This study examines the correlation between ABSITE performance and the likelihood of obtaining a categorical position for non-designated preliminary surgery residents. METHODS Retrospective analysis of preliminary residents who completed the ABSITE between 2011 and 2021 at a single academic training program. RESULTS 108 preliminary residents were included. Among preliminary residents who were successful in securing a categorical position, the average ABSITE percentile was 59 (SD = 26.7). In contrast, those who were not able to secure a categorical position, the average ABSITE percentile was 23.6 (SD = 25.3). There was a strong significant correlation between ABSITE percentile and securing a categorical position (P < 0.001). There was a significant association between citizenship and gaining a categorical position, with US citizens being significantly more likely to successfully gain a categorical position (P = 0.01; OR 3.32 (95% CI 1.28-8.56)). There was not a significant correlation between citizenship and ABSITE score. CONCLUSION This study presents compelling evidence that ABSITE percentile score is positively associated with the probability of securing a categorical position for preliminary general surgery residents. It is therefore imperative that both preliminary residents and their programs place a high value on ABSITE performance to enhance successful career progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ace St John
- University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura Cooper
- University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephen M Kavic
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Reddington H, Chung S, Rashid G, LaFemina J. Removing Percentile Scores from the ABSITE is a Net Benefit to Residents and Other Stakeholders. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2024; 81:1195-1197. [PMID: 38960772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2024.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Reddington
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.
| | - Sebastian Chung
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Gazi Rashid
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer LaFemina
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Khan MT, Tade Y, Murimwa GZ, Montgomery KB, Shah NR. AJS virtual research mentor: A primer for approaching academic development time. Am J Surg 2024:115861. [PMID: 39164140 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.115861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariam T Khan
- American Journal of Surgery Student and Resident Scholars Committee, USA; Department of Surgery, Corewell Health - West/Michigan State University, 100 Michigan Street NE, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA.
| | - Yanick Tade
- American Journal of Surgery Student and Resident Scholars Committee, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine, 2616 Burt Street, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.
| | - Gilbert Z Murimwa
- American Journal of Surgery Student and Resident Scholars Committee, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, 5823 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Kelsey B Montgomery
- American Journal of Surgery Student and Resident Scholars Committee, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1808 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
| | - Nikhil R Shah
- American Journal of Surgery Student and Resident Scholars Committee, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Santos LL, Nhampule R, Vazquez N, Lobito S, Rosa NC, Morais A, Costa V, Pedro JA, Moreira-Gonçalves D, Costa PM. Fellowship in surgical oncology: The results of an experience in Portuguese-speaking African countries. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024; 50:107262. [PMID: 37979458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.107262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Cancer incidence rates are increasing worldwide including in Portuguese speaking African countries. We present the results of the fellowship in surgical oncology promoted by the Portuguese Institute of Oncology in Porto (IPO), Fernando Pessoa University, Portugal, and the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, which involved the training of residents and surgeons from Portuguese-speaking African countries in Portugal. The program's structure and content was the same of UMES/ESSO. The hands-on activity took place at the IPO. After the fellowship, a theoretical and practical assessment was held, and all fellows scored above the threshold to pass. The surgical performance of the fellows was assessed in their workplaces in Africa. The impact of the training was evaluated by a questionnaire completed by all the fellows. It was reported an increase in knowledge, skills and organizational skills that fellows are committed to implement. As the fellowship is certified by a Portuguese University, it may be recognized by the Local Health and University Authorities, impacting on the professional progression of fellows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology and University of Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Surgical Oncology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.
| | | | - Neudis Vazquez
- General Surgery Service, Batista de Sousa Hospital, Mindelo, Cape Verde
| | - Salomão Lobito
- Surgical Department, Central Militar Hospital, Luanda, Angola
| | | | - Atílio Morais
- Surgical Department, Agostinho Neto Hospital, Praia, Cape Verde
| | - Victor Costa
- Surgical Department, Maputo Central Hospital, Maputo, Mozambique
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Behrens S, Lillemoe HA, Dineen SP, Russell MC, Visser B, Berman RS, Farma JM, Grubbs E, Davis JL. Perceptions of Readiness for Practice After Complex General Surgical Oncology Fellowship: A Survey Study. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:31-41. [PMID: 37936022 PMCID: PMC10695882 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical subspecialty training aims to meet the needs of practicing surgeons and their communities. This study investigates career preparedness of Complex General Surgical Oncology (CGSO) fellowship graduates, identifies factors associated with practice readiness, and explores potential opportunities to improve the current training model. METHODS The Society of Surgical Oncology partnered with the National Cancer Institute to conduct a 36-question survey of CGSO fellowship graduates from 2012 to 2022. RESULTS The overall survey response rate was 38% (221/582) with a slight male predominance (63%). Forty-six percent of respondents completed their fellowship after 2019. Factors influencing fellowship program selection include breadth of cancer case exposure (82%), mentor influence (66%), and research opportunities (38%). Overall, graduates reported preparedness for practice; however, some reported unpreparedness in research (18%) and in specific clinical areas: thoracic (43%), hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) (15%), and hepato-pancreato-biliary (15%) surgery. Regarding technical preparedness, 70% reported being "very prepared". Respondents indicated lack of preparedness in robotic (63%) and laparoscopic (33%) surgery approaches. Suggestions for training improvement included increased autonomy and case volumes, program development, and research infrastructure. Current practice patterns by graduates demonstrated discrepancies between ideal contracts and actual practice breakdowns, particularly related to the practice of general surgery. CONCLUSIONS This study of CGSO fellowship graduates demonstrates potential gaps between trainee expectations and the realities of surgical oncology practice. Although CGSO fellowship appears to prepare surgeons for careers in surgical oncology, there may be opportunities to refine the training model to better align with the needs of practicing surgical oncologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shay Behrens
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heather A Lillemoe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sean P Dineen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Maria C Russell
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brendan Visser
- Department of General Surgery, Stanford Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Russell S Berman
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Farma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Grubbs
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeremy L Davis
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Caretta-Weyer HA, Eva KW, Schumacher DJ, Yarris LM, Teunissen PW. Postgraduate Selection in Medical Education: A Scoping Review of Current Priorities and Values. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2023; 98:S98-S107. [PMID: 37983402 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000005365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The process of screening and selecting trainees for postgraduate training has evolved significantly in recent years, yet remains a daunting task. Postgraduate training directors seek ways to feasibly and defensibly select candidates, which has resulted in an explosion of literature seeking to identify root causes for the problems observed in postgraduate selection and generate viable solutions. The authors therefore conducted a scoping review to analyze the problems and priorities presented within the postgraduate selection literature to explore practical implications and present a research agenda. METHOD Between May 2021 and February 2022, the authors searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, ERIC, and Google Scholar for English language literature published after 2000. Articles that described postgraduate selection were eligible for inclusion. 2,273 articles were ultimately eligible for inclusion. Thematic analysis was performed on a subset of 100 articles examining priorities and problems within postgraduate selection. Articles were sampled to ensure broad thematic and geographical variation across the breadth of articles that were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS Five distinct perspectives or value statements were identified in the thematic analysis: (1) Using available metrics to predict performance in postgraduate training; (2) identifying the best applicants via competitive comparison; (3) seeking alignment between applicant and program in the selection process; (4) ensuring diversity, mitigation of bias, and equity in the selection process; and (5) optimizing the logistics or mechanics of the selection process. CONCLUSIONS This review provides insight into the framing and value statements authors use to describe postgraduate selection within the literature. The identified value statements provide a window into the assumptions and subsequent implications of viewing postgraduate selection through each of these lenses. Future research must consider the outcomes and consequences of the value statement chosen and the impact on current and future approaches to postgraduate selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holly A Caretta-Weyer
- H.A. Caretta-Weyer is associate professor and associate residency director, Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-5797
| | - Kevin W Eva
- K.W. Eva is associate director and senior scientist, Centre for Health Education Scholarship, and professor and director, educational research and scholarship, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8672-2500
| | - Daniel J Schumacher
- D.J. Schumacher is professor of pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5507-8452
| | - Lalena M Yarris
- L.M. Yarris is professor and vice chair of faculty development, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Pim W Teunissen
- P.W. Teunissen is professor of workplace learning in health care, School of Health Professions Education, and gynecologist, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Maastricht University and Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0930-0048
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hedges EA, Khan TM, Teke M, Wach MM, Hernandez JM, Hoover SJ. Breast Surgical Oncology Fellowship applicant selection and ranking: A survey of Society of Surgical Oncology programs. J Surg Oncol 2023; 127:34-39. [PMID: 36181515 PMCID: PMC10691500 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In 2003, the Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) initiated a breast surgical oncology fellowship, which has now grown to 60 SSO accredited programs as of 2021. Limited knowledge exists on the traits of successful applicants and the factors influencing the rank list. METHODS A web-based, anonymous survey was sent to all SSO Breast Surgical Oncology Fellowship program directors. The survey consisted of 26 questions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze survey responses and evaluate impact on applicant interview and rank list. RESULTS Thirty-four programs (57% response rate) completed the survey. Programs received an average of 70 applications and granted 24 interviews. Most programs reported a minimum ABSITE cut-off score (n = 28, 82%) and a defined publication requirement (n = 22, 65%), including a first-author requirement (n = 18, 53%) to extend an invitation to interview. For postinterview rank, applicant interpersonal skills were highly valued. The interview was the most important aspect for the rank list. CONCLUSIONS Many programs have ABSITE and publication thresholds before offering an interview. Upon receiving interview invitation, the applicant's interview performance, interpersonal skills, and letters of recommendation were the most important aspect in rank list decision making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Hedges
- Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Tahsin M. Khan
- Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Martha Teke
- Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Jonathan M. Hernandez
- Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gupta S, Jackson JE, Shindorf ML, Arthur LG, Chandler N, Danielson P, Downard C, Ehrlich P, Gaines B, Gray B, Javid P, Lallier M, Nwomeh B, Tagge E, Weiss R, Mak G, Garrison AP. Success in pediatric surgery: An updated survey of Program Directors 2020. J Pediatr Surg 2022; 57:438-444. [PMID: 34865831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most competitive surgical sub-specialty fellowships remains Pediatric Surgery (PS), which requires candidates to develop a strong and research-oriented curriculum vitae. Although some objective factors of matriculation are known, factors for the interview selection and ranking per the program directors (PDs) have not been reviewed in over a decade. METHODS A web-based survey of US and Canadian PS program directors (PDs) (n = 58) was used to evaluate a comprehensive list of factors in the selection criteria for PS fellowships. A mix of dichotomous, ranking, five-point Likert scale, and open-ended questions evaluated applicant characteristics, ABSITE scores, research productivity, interview day, and rank order criteria. RESULTS Fifty-five programs responded to the survey for a 95% participation rate. PDs desired an average of two years in dedicated research and weighted first authorship and total number of publications heavily. Only 38% of programs used an ABSITE score cutoff for offering interviews; however, the majority agreed that an overall upward trend was important. Quality letters of recommendation, especially from known colleagues, carried weight when deciding to offer interviews. Interview performance, being a team player, observed interpersonal interactions, perceived operative skills and patient care, and leadership were some of the notable factors when finalizing rank lists. CONCLUSIONS A multitude of factors define a successful matriculant, including quality of letters of recommendation, quality and quantity of publications, supportive phone calls, observed interactions, interview performance, perceptions of being team player with leadership skills as well as perceptions of good operative skills and patient care. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Type II. TYPE OF STUDY Prognostic (retrospective).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Gupta
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jordan E Jackson
- East Bay Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - L Grier Arthur
- Division of Pediatric General, Thoracic Surgery, St Christopher's Hospitals for Children, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nicole Chandler
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
| | - Paul Danielson
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
| | - Cynthia Downard
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Peter Ehrlich
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Barbara Gaines
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Brian Gray
- Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Patrick Javid
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Michel Lallier
- CHU- Sainte-Justine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Benedict Nwomeh
- Department of Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Edward Tagge
- Department of Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Richard Weiss
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Connecticut Children's, Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Grace Mak
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Comer Children's Hospital, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences Division, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Aaron P Garrison
- Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fan RR, Aziz F, Wittgen CM, Williams MS, Smeds MR. A Survey of Vascular Surgery Program Directors: Perspectives Following USMLE Step 1 Conversion to Pass/Fail and Virtual Only Interviews. Ann Vasc Surg 2022; 88:32-41. [PMID: 36179944 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2022.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Step 1 of the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE), a historically important factor in the selection of vascular surgery residents and fellows, transitioned to completely pass/fail on January 26, 2022. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, residency and fellowship interviews were conducted virtually during the 2020-21 and 2021-22 application cycles. Given these significant changes in the evaluation of candidates for residency training, we sought to understand vascular surgery program directors' perspectives regarding the change in Step 1 scoring and use of virtual interviews as well as determine which factors will assume importance when applying to vascular surgery training programs in the future. METHODS A 26-item survey questionnaire was created using Qualtrics survey tools with questions regarding attitudes towards the change in Step 1 scoring and virtual interviews, the importance of additional factors utilized by programs in selecting candidates for interviews and ranking applicants for residency/fellowship selection, and programmatic demographics. This was distributed anonymously to all vascular surgery training programs over a two-week period using a comprehensive list of 249 unique email addresses created by cross-referencing the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) list of certified vascular training programs with email addresses from individual program websites identifying current program leadership. Responses were analyzed with descriptive statistics with values listed as average Likert scale weight ± standard deviation (SD) or percentages. RESULTS 68 of 249 (27.3%) program and associate program directors responded to the survey. 33.9% of respondents strongly disagreed with Step 1 going completely pass/fail. In the absence of a scored USMLE Step 1, letters of recommendation (average Likert scale weight ± SD, 4.43 ± 0.92), dedication to specialty (4.14 ± 1.03), and USMLE Step 2 CK (4.06 ± 0.92) had the highest average scores for deciding which applicants to interview for integrated vascular surgery residency. For determining which candidates to interview for vascular surgery fellowship, letters of recommendation (4.51 ± 0.84), dedication to specialty (4.12 ± 0.90), and research (4.10 ± 0.80) had the highest average scores. For ranking residency candidates, the interviewee's perceived "fit" (4.61 ± 0.55), letters of recommendation (4.53 ± 0.76), and overall interview experience (4.47 ± 0.62) had the highest average scores. Similarly, the factors with the highest average Likert scores for ranking fellowship candidates included the interviewee's perceived "fit" (4.69 ± 0.51), letters of recommendation (4.65 ± 0.52), and overall interview experience (4.51 ± 0.59). The majority (72.2%) of program directors preferred in-person interviews; however, 50% of respondents were at least "somewhat satisfied" with virtual interviews during the 2021-22 application cycle as they could judge applicants' interview skills at least "moderately well." The minority (18.8%) who preferred virtual interviews most commonly noted a "reduction of the financial burden for applicants" as the reason for this preference. CONCLUSION Most vascular surgery program and associate program directors were dissatisfied with USMLE Step 1 going pass/fail with most indicating pre-screening applicants using both Step 1 and Step 2 CK during the residency and fellowship selection processes. In the absence of a scored Step 1, the top factors for interviewing and ranking integrated vascular surgery residency and fellowship candidates included letters of recommendation, dedication to specialty, research, USMLE Step 2 CK, the interviewee's perceived "fit," and overall interview experience. Though most program directors preferred face-to-face interviews, they were overall at least "somewhat satisfied" with the virtual format that took place during the 2021-22 cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R Fan
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Faisal Aziz
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Penn State University College of Medicine, 700 HMC Cres Rd, Hershey, PA 17033
| | - Catherine M Wittgen
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1008 South Spring Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110
| | - Michael S Williams
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1008 South Spring Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110
| | - Matthew R Smeds
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1008 South Spring Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Blazer DG. Supply and Demand: Is the Surgical Oncology Match in a Bear Market? Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:7947-7949. [PMID: 36103015 PMCID: PMC9472720 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-12544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
12
|
Silvestre J, Smith JR, Nasef KE, Wilson LL, Kelz RR. Application and Match Rates in the Complex General Surgical Oncology Match. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:8094-8098. [PMID: 35999416 PMCID: PMC9398039 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-12428-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The Society of Surgical Oncology collaborates with the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) to facilitate the Complex General Surgical Oncology (CGSO) Match. Objective The purpose of this study was to understand trends in CGSO Match outcomes. We hypothesized that (1) match rates would increase with time; (2) US allopathic graduates would have higher match rates than non-US allopathic graduates; and (3) most applicants would match at one of their top three ranked choices. Methods The NRMP provided applicant and program data from the CGSO Match (2014–2021). Chi-square tests elucidated temporal trends and match rates by applicant archetype. Results The annual number of applicants decreased from 103 to 90 (13% decrease), while the annual number of fellowship positions increased from 56 to 67 (20% increase) from 2014–2021. The annual percentage of applicants who did not match decreased from 46% to 26% (p < 0.05). Annual match rates increased from 54% to 74% (p < 0.05). US allopathic graduates had higher match rates than non-US allopathic graduates but this disparity narrowed over time (84% vs. 55% in 2021; p < 0.001). Approximately half of all applicants matched at one of their top three choices (first, 29%; second, 12%; third, 8%). Applicants matching at one of their top three choices increased from 36% to 50% (p < 0.05). Conclusions CGSO Match rates have increased over the past decade, thus primarily benefiting non-US allopathic graduates. Most applicants match at one of their top three choices. More research is needed to understand disparities in match rates by applicant and residency program characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kindha E Nasef
- Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lori L Wilson
- Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Colosimo C, Mann DR, Bhuller S, Opie D, Beam Z, Yon J, Bracken Burns J, Conrad-Schnetz K. Bridging the Gap: How to Get Osteopathic Residents Into Fellowships. Cureus 2022; 14:e27980. [PMID: 36120256 PMCID: PMC9468513 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The fellowship match process is convoluted, with each specialty having its match on its timeline- with some programs having a Post Graduate Year (PGY) 4th-year or 5th-year match. This study aims to identify tangible recommendations for osteopathic surgery residents to use to improve their applications and, ultimately, the success rate for matching into post-graduate fellowship training. Methods In October 2021, as a part of the American College of Osteopathic Surgeons (ACOS) Strategic Planning efforts, the ACOS Resident Student Section sent a questionnaire to the listed email contact for each surgical fellowship program. Fellowship coordinators and program directors were included in the survey. The programs that were included in the study were vascular, thoracic (which included cardiothoracic), surgical critical care, endocrine, hepatobiliary, transplant, pediatric, surgical oncology, breast, minimally invasive, and colorectal surgery. Results Of the 108 programs that answered the survey, 36% of them reported they currently had an osteopathic fellow, and another 29% said they had an osteopathic fellow in the past. 35% of the programs listed that they had never had an osteopathic fellow in their program. In regards to how residents can improve their application for fellowship matches the most common answer was research in the field, they were trying to match into. They wanted to see high scores on the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) and American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination (ABSITE) exams. They also noted that they wanted candidates from more well know residency programs, where they knew the residents would have gotten good training. Conclusion We recommend that any potential fellowship applicant focus on the following three areas increase competitiveness for matching into fellowship training: publication in the desired field, increased overall scholarly activity, and increased ABSITE scores.
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Introduction: "Traditional teaching" models often fail to engage millennial residents. Multiple modern didactic methods have been employed. The most frequently used objective measure to assess the effectiveness of didactic formats has been American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination performance.Methods: A literature search was conducted searching PubMed, EMBASE, and JAMA Network from June 2011 to June 2021, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Searches were performed for the terms "ABSITE" and "American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination." Only studies discussing didactic structures were included.Results: A final 16 studies were included. Modern methods such as a "flipped classroom," Team Based Learning (TBL), and "gamification" have all shown increased engagement and significantly improved ABSITE performance. Structured biostatistics reviews may be used to supplement research and statistics which are often missed by other resources.Discussion: Programs have a duty to promote excellent resident education. In addition to fostering individual study habits, didactics and program structures should be optimized for resident development. As opposed to focusing on the pure amount of scheduled protected time, programs may instead consider focusing on the quality of the didactic format used and modern didactic methods may be beneficial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Ray Velez
- Department of Surgery, 3579University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Velez DR, Johnson SW, Sticca RP. How to Prepare for the American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination (ABSITE): A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2022; 79:216-228. [PMID: 34429278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Performance on ABSITE is an important factor when monitoring resident progress. It predicts future performance and has lasting effects. Understanding the highest-yield preparation strategies can help residents in their study efforts and optimize performance. METHODS A literature search was conducted searching PubMed, EMBASE and JAMA Network in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Searches were performed for the terms "ABSITE" and "American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination". Only studies discussing individual study habits from May 2011 to May 2021 were included. RESULTS 19 studies were included in qualitative synthesis. Year-round clinical study failed to show significant correlation to ABSITE performance although year-round ABSITE review was more consistently correlated. During a dedicated study period, increased time and increased total practice questions completed are associated with improved performance. The correlation of individual resources such as ABSITE review books, textbooks, audio podcasts and ABSITE preparatory courses to improved ABSITE performance was not proven. CONCLUSIONS Residents should optimize study strategies based on methods that have consistently shown to improve performance. Recommendations for best preparation strategies are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Ray Velez
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Grand Forks, North Dakota.
| | - Stefan Walter Johnson
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| | - Robert Peter Sticca
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Grand Forks, North Dakota
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gupta K, Khusid JA, Lundon D, Gallante B, Sadiq AS, Atallah W, Gupta M. Criteria Used by Endourology Society Fellowship Program Directors for the Selection and Evaluation of Fellows. J Endourol 2021; 36:562-571. [PMID: 34779662 DOI: 10.1089/end.2021.0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction An understanding of which trainee factors Endourology Society (ES) fellowship program directors (PDs) value may help urology residents optimize their fellowship candidacy and help current fellows optimize their fellowship performance. In the present study, we evaluated which factors are most important to ES PDs in selecting fellowship candidates and evaluating current fellows. Methods A survey was constructed using REDCap software and emailed to PDs of fellowships registered with the ES. Fellowships in the ES include Endourology-Stone Disease (ESD) programs, robotic-laparoscopic surgery programs (MIS), and combination programs. A Likert scale ranging from 1 (not important) to 5 (extremely important) was used to rank the criteria for selecting and evaluating fellows. The survey captured program demographics such as geographic region, program type, and program duration. Results Of the 52 ES PDs, 35 (67%) responded. Respondents represented 8 (23%) ESD programs, 7 (20%) MIS programs, and 20 (57%) combination programs. Furthermore, sixteen (46%) represented one-year programs and 19 (54%) represented two-year programs. The top-five factors for candidate selection were perceived fit of the applicant, perceived level of applicant interest, initial interview, personal emails from applicants' advocates, and personal phone calls from applicants' advocates. Advocacy on behalf of the applicant appeared to be especially important for two-year fellowships. The top-five factors for the evaluation of fellows in training were patient interactions, professionalism, attitude/demeanor, operative skills, and interactions with ancillary staff. Research productivity was of greater importance for the evaluation and selection of two-year fellows and ESD fellows. Conclusions Applicants for ES fellowships should focus on the initial interview and recruiting supportive mentors to advocate for their applications, particularly for two-year programs. Though PDs value both clinical skills and research productivity, research productivity was more important for two-year programs and ESD programs. Further research into applicant perspectives on the fellowship application process is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Gupta
- Montefiore Medical Center, 2013, 1250 Water's Place, Bronx, New York, United States, 10467-2490;
| | - Johnathan Alexander Khusid
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5925, Department of Urology, New York, New York, United States;
| | - Dara Lundon
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5925, Urology, New York, New York, United States;
| | - Blair Gallante
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5925, Department of Urology, New York, New York, United States;
| | - Areeba Setara Sadiq
- Mount Sinai Health System, 5944, Urology, 425 W59th Street, New York, New York, United States, 10019;
| | - William Atallah
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5925, Urology, New York, New York, United States;
| | - Mantu Gupta
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5925, Urology, New York, New York, United States;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Velez DR. Prospective Factors that Predict American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination Performance: A Systematic Review. Am Surg 2021; 87:1867-1878. [PMID: 34763542 DOI: 10.1177/00031348211058626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination (ABSITE) performance has become an important factor when monitoring resident progress. Understanding which prospective factors predict performance can help identify residents at risk. METHODS A literature search was conducted searching PubMed, EMBASE, and JAMA Network from June 2011 to June 2021, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Searches were performed for the terms "ABSITE" and "American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination." Prospective factors such as prior examination performance, clinical evaluations, and demographics were evaluated. RESULTS A final 35 studies were included. The prospective factor most consistently found to predict ABSITE performance is performance on prior knowledge-based examinations such as the USMLE step exams. The ACGME Medical Knowledge 1 milestone evaluation also appears to correlate to ABSITE performance, although clinical evaluations, in general, do not. Demographics have no significant correlation to ABSITE performance. DISCUSSION Using performance on prior knowledge-based examinations programs may be able to identify residents at risk for failing ABSITE. It may be possible to initiate early intervention before rather than only remediation after poor performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David R Velez
- Department of Surgery, 3579University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
D'Angelo JD, D'Angelo ALD, Mathis KL, Dozois EJ, Kelley SR. Program Director Opinions of Virtual Interviews: Whatever Makes my Partners Happy. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2021; 78:e12-e18. [PMID: 33980475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the processes and outcomes of 2021 colon and rectal surgery match season: one of the first National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) match to conduct uniformly virtual interviews for all programs and candidates due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Since this if the first-year interviews were held entirely virtual for a (NRMP) match season, we sought to determine: (1) How did program directors (PDs) in this year's fellowship conduct their virtual interviews? (2) Were any of these conduct decisions associated with the PD satisfaction with the resulting match? (3) What is the PDs opinion of how interviews should occur next year if COVID-19 is not a factor? DESIGN AND SETTING The authors sent an anonymous survey to the PDs of all programs participating in the 2021 colon and rectal surgery residency match directly following match day 2020. PARTICIPANTS Forty-one colon and rectal residency PDs (70% response rate) responded to the survey (78% Male) representing a range of experience (M = 7.61, SD = 5.66, years as PD at current institution), and program type (77.5% Academic, 7.5% Independent Academic Medical Center, 15% Nonacademic). RESULTS While programs utilized several different platforms, conducted various forms of training for their faculty, and provided applicants with different types of information, interview day(s) across the specialty are reported to have proceeded smoothly. PDs as a whole were very satisfied with their match results this year (M = 4.65, SD = .66), and this satisfaction was not impacted by virtual interview decisions or processes. However, only 55% of PDs agree or strongly agree that next year's interviews should be virtual regardless of COVID-19, a judgement solely influenced by the opinion of other program faculty on virtual interviews, regardless of satisfaction with match or comfort with technology. CONCLUSION While PDs report high satisfaction with virtual interview processes and outcomes, there is less agreement that colon and rectal surgery residency interviews should move to a solely virtual platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kellie L Mathis
- Mayo Clinic, Division Colon and Rectal Surgery, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Eric J Dozois
- Mayo Clinic, Division Colon and Rectal Surgery, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Scott R Kelley
- Mayo Clinic, Division Colon and Rectal Surgery, Rochester, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
McGaha P, Klingensmith ME, Cross A, Stewart K, Grimes A, Horton M, Kowdley G, Patel K, Galante J, Wise PE, Delman KA, Joshi ART. Trainee Utilization of the SCORE Curriculum is Associated With Improved ABSITE Performance: A Multi-institutional Study. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2021; 78:e196-e200. [PMID: 34384730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2021.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Surgical Council on Resident Education's (SCORE) structured educational curriculum for general surgery residents uses a 2-year repeating cycle of modules and quizzes called "This Week in SCORE" (TWIS) to organize and sequence the curricular content on the SCORE portal. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of using the SCORE content and TWIS curriculum on American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination (ABSITE) performance. To date, no multi-institutional studies have examined this effect. METHODS Eight residency programs participated, including university and community-based programs. SCORE usage overall, TWIS usage, and ABSITE percentile scores (adjusted for post-graduate year [PGY]) were analyzed for the academic years 2017 to 2020. SCORE usage was defined as number of SCORE logins annually per resident with "low usage" ≤10 times and "high usage" >10 times. TWIS usage was defined as "low usage" (no TWIS quizzes done) or "high usage" (≥1 TWIS quiz per year). RESULTS Four hundred and twenty-eight trainees were evaluated. Trainees with high SCORE and TWIS usage consistently achieved a higher ABSITE percentile score. This difference was maintained in subgroup analysis by PGY with the greatest impact in PGY-1 and PGY-2 levels. CONCLUSIONS Utilization of multiple aspects of SCORE content appears to have a significant positive impact on ABSITE performance across all levels of postgraduate training. This multi-institutional study of a large number of users is the first to demonstrate that increased usage of SCORE content appears to be a predictor of ABSITE performance success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul McGaha
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | | | - Alisa Cross
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Kenneth Stewart
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Arthur Grimes
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | | | | | - Kevin Patel
- Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Paul E Wise
- Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Amit R T Joshi
- Einstein Healthcare Network, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
D'Angelo ALD, D'Angelo JD, Beaty JS, Cleary RK, Hoedema RE, Mathis KL, Dozois EJ, Kelley SR. Virtual interviews - Utilizing technological affordances as a predictor of applicant confidence. Am J Surg 2021; 222:1085-1092. [PMID: 34674848 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the midst of a pandemic, residency interviews transitioned to a virtual format for the first time. Little is known about the effect this will have on the match process. The study aim is to evaluate resident application processes and perceived outcomes. METHODS An electronic survey was distributed to 142 colon and rectal surgery residency applicants (95% of total). RESULTS A total of 77 applicants responded to the survey (54% response rate). Applicants reported high levels of satisfaction with virtual interviews but less comfort. Utilizing the mute button and using notes in a different way from face-to-face interviews were significantly associated with applicant confidence that they ranked the right program highest. A majority of applicants (73%) would recommend virtual interviews next year even if COVID-19 is not a factor. CONCLUSION While applicants appear generally satisfied with virtual interviews, they also reported less comfort. Applicant confidence was predicted by utilizing the unique technological affordances offered by the virtual platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jennifer S Beaty
- Creighton University, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Robert K Cleary
- St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Department of Surgery, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rebecca E Hoedema
- Spectrum Health Medical Group, Colon and Rectal Surgery Center for Digestive Diseases, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kellie L Mathis
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eric J Dozois
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Scott R Kelley
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Standardized testing remains a cornerstone of assessment in surgical education. Summative standardized tests make up a bulk of the certification requirements that encompasses demonstration of efficient, safe application of clinically relevant surgical knowledge and skills. Formative standardized tests serve similar role to guide teaching endeavors for the programs and comparison of individual trainees on a national level. Ongoing rigorous psychometric evaluations of the standardized tests ensure reliability and validity; however, standardized tests are not without their limitations and biases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Han
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of General Surgery, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Judith French
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of General Surgery, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jeremy Lipman
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of General Surgery, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Analysis of the pediatric surgery fellowship application process using the Thalamus™ database. J Pediatr Surg 2021; 56:1095-1100. [PMID: 33762120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pediatric surgery fellowship interview process is costly and time intensive. We hypothesized that the increasing number of interviews completed by applicants and programs have become inefficient over time. METHODS We analyzed pediatric surgery fellowship program and applicant interview data between 2018 and 2020. Cancellations, program fill time, regional analysis of programs and applicants, and program rank list data were also captured. Analyses were performed using descriptive statistics and Chi-Square analysis. RESULTS Our dataset included 34, 41, and 45 programs, which represented 81%, 91%, and 97% of all programs in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. The median number of interviews completed per program remained constant, while the median number of interviews per applicant increased from 9.0 in 2018 to 13.0 in 2020. For 75% of programs, a program required only 4 or less candidates to fill their position. On average, 96% of program interviews do not result in a matched candidate. CONCLUSIONS Programs offer interviews out of proportion to the number of positions available, and most applicants attend all interviews offered. We recommend an initial program goal of 20 interviews, which may be achieved by increased use of virtual interviews and the creation of program-level data on ideal applicant profiles.
Collapse
|
23
|
Shindorf ML, Copeland AR, Gupta S, Steinberg SM, Steele SR, Yeo HL, Sanchez JA, Hernandez JM. Evaluation of Factors Associated With Successful Matriculation to Colon and Rectal Surgery Fellowship. Dis Colon Rectum 2021; 64:234-240. [PMID: 33315718 PMCID: PMC9161349 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000001849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an increasing number of general surgery residents apply for fellowship positions, it is important to identify factors associated with successful matriculation. For applicants to colon and rectal surgery, there are currently no objective data available to distinguish which applicant attributes lead to successful matriculation. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify objective factors that differentiate colon and rectal surgery fellowship applicants who successfully matriculate with those who apply but do not matriculate. DESIGN This was a retrospective analysis of colon and rectal surgery applicant characteristics. SETTINGS Deidentified applicant data provided by the Association of American Medical Colleges from 2015 to 2017 were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Applicant demographics, medical school and residency factors, number of program applications, number of publications, and journal impact factors were analyzed to determine associations with successful matriculation. RESULTS Most applicants (n = 371) and subsequent matriculants (n = 248) were white (61%, 62%), male (65%, 63%), US citizens (80%, 88%) who graduated from US allopathic medical schools (66%, 75%). Statistically significant associations included graduation from US allopathic medical schools (p < 0.0001), US citizenship (p < 0.0001), and number of program applications (p = 0.0004). Other factors analyzed included American Osteopathic Association membership (p = 0.57), university-based residency (p = 0.51), and residency association with a colon and rectal surgery training program (p = 0.89). Number of publications and journal impact factors were not statistically different between cohorts (p = 0.067, p = 0.150). LIMITATIONS American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination scores, rank list, and subjective characteristics, such as strength of interview and letters of recommendation, were not available using our data source. CONCLUSIONS Successful matriculation to a colon and rectal surgery fellowship program was found to be associated with US citizenship, graduation from a US allopathic medical school, and greater number of program applications. The remaining objective metrics analyzed were not associated with successful matriculation. Subjective and objective factors that were unable to be measured by this study are likely to play a determining role. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B415. EVALUACIN DE FACTORES VINCULADOS EN LA INMATRICULACIN EXITOSA PARA BECAS DE CIRUGA COLORRECTAL ANTECEDENTES:A medida que un número cada vez mayor de residentes de Cirugía General solicitan una beca, es importante identificar los factores vinculados con una inmatriculación exitosa. Para los candidatos a una beca en Cirugía Colorrectal, hoy en día no existen datos objetivos disponibles para distinguir qué atributos del solicitante conducen a una inmatriculación exitosa.OBJETIVO:Identificar objetivamente los factores que diferencian un candidato a una beca en Cirugía Colorrectal que se inmatricula con éxito de aquel que aplica pero no llega a inmatricularse.DISEÑO:Análisis retrospectivo de las características de los solicitantes de beca para Cirugía Colorrecatl.AJUSTES:Datos de los solicitantes no identificados, proporcionados por la Asociación de Colegios Médicos Estadounidenses de 2015 a 2017.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Se analizaron los factores demográficos del solicitante, las facultades de medicina y los factores de la residencia, el número de solicitudes de programas, el número y el factor de impacto de las publicaciones realizadas para determinar la asociación con una inmatriculación exitosa.RESULTADOS:La mayoría de los solicitantes (n = 371) que posteriormente fueron inmatriculados exitosamente (n = 248) eran blancos (61%, 62%, respectivamente), hombres (65%, 63%), ciudadanos estadounidenses (80%, 88%) que se graduaron de Facultades de medicina alopática en los EE. UU. (66%, 75%). Las asociaciones estadísticamente significativas incluyeron la graduación de las escuelas de medicina alopática de los EE. UU. (P <0,0001), la ciudadanía de los EE. UU. (P <0,0001) y el número de solicitudes de programas (p = 0,0004). Otros factores analizados incluyeron: membresía AOA (p = 0,57), la residencia universitaria (p = 0,51) y asociación de la residencia con un programa de formación en Cirugía Colorrectal (p = 0,89). El número de publicaciones y los factores de impacto de las revistas no fueron estadísticamente diferentes entre las cohortes (p = 0,067, p = 0,15, respectivamente).LIMITACIONES:El Score ABSITE, la posición en lista de clasificación y las características subjetivas como el de una buena entrevista y las cartas de recomendación no se encontraban disponibles en la fuente de datos.CONCLUSIONES:Se encontró que la inmatriculación exitosa a un programa de becas de Cirugía Colorreectal estaba asociada con la ciudadanía estadounidense, la graduación en una Facultad de medicina alopática en los EE. UU, y al mayor número de solicitudes de programas. El analisis de las medidas objetivas restantes no se asociaron con una inmatriculación exitosa. Es probable que los factores subjetivos y objetivos que no pudieron ser medidos por este estudio jueguen un papel determinante. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B415. (Traducción-Dr Xavier Delgadillo).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy R. Copeland
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shreya Gupta
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Seth M. Steinberg
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Scott R. Steele
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease and
Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Heather L. Yeo
- Department of Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Weill Cornell
Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Julian A. Sanchez
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer
Center, Tampa, Florida
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mesquita-Neto JW, Manoharan J, Dailey W, Macedo FI, Merchant NB. National Institutes of Health Research Funding to Academic Surgical Oncologists: Who Are We and Where Do We Stand? Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:4195-4202. [PMID: 33432489 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-09495-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the primary public funding source for surgical research in the United States. Surgical oncology is a highly academic career, but NIH funding for surgical oncologists (SOs) is not well characterized. METHODS The NIH RePORTER (Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Results) was queried to identify R01-and-equivalents grants awarded to departments of surgery (DoS) between 2008 and 2018. Surgical oncologists were considered to be those who completed a Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO)-accredited fellowship (breast or complex surgical oncology). RESULTS Of 1101 projects, 510 (46.3%) were led by practicing surgeons. Among these, general surgeons accounted for most grants (31%), followed by SOs (20.8%). Women represented 211 (24.1%) of the grantees. However, SOs had a higher proportion of female investigators than other surgeons (30.0% vs. 16.1%; P = 0.001). The SO grantees had fewer years of experience (YoE) (12 years; interquartile range [IQR], 8.75 vs. 13 years; IQR, 13 years; P = 0.003), lower senior status (≥ 24 YoE), fewer investigators (4.0% vs. 18.9%; P < 0.001), and fewer PhD holders (30.8% vs. 65.5%; P < 0.001) than the overall cohort. Projects led by SOs accounted for 1121 publications (14.1%), with a higher proportion of high-impact articles (26.3% vs. 9.7%; P < 0.001), and were more likely to hold a registered patent (odds ratio [OR], 3.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24-8.74; P = 0.016). CONCLUSION Among surgical subspecialties, SSO-accredited surgeons accounted for the largest share of the NIH grants. The SO grantees were younger in their career and had higher-impact scholarly productivity. A smaller proportion of female SOs received NIH grants than males, but this gender disparity was less significant among SOs than among other surgical specialties. Fellowship programs should continue to stimulate groundbreaking research by integrating grant-writing training and mentorship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Wilson Mesquita-Neto
- Michael and Marian Ilitch Department of Surgery, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jayanth Manoharan
- Michael and Marian Ilitch Department of Surgery, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - William Dailey
- Michael and Marian Ilitch Department of Surgery, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Francis I Macedo
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, North Florida Regional Medical Center, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nipun B Merchant
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt-Daughtry Department of Surgerym Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hill MV, Ross EA, Crawford D, Lai L, Turaga K, Grubbs EG, Mullen J, Dineen S, D'Angelica M, Reddy S, Farma JM. Program and candidate experience with virtual interviews for the 2020 Complex General Surgical Oncology interview season during the COVID pandemic. Am J Surg 2020; 222:99-103. [PMID: 33189309 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID crisis hit during the interview season for the Complex General Surgical Oncology (CGSO) fellowship. With minimal time to adapt, all programs transitioned to virtual interviews. Here we describe the experience of both program directors (PDs) and candidates with virtual interviews, and provide guidelines for implementation based on the results. METHODS Surveys regarding interview day specifics and perceptions were created for CGSO fellowship PDs and candidates. They were distributed at the conclusion of the season, prior to match. RESULTS Thirty (94%) PDs and 64 (79%) candidates responded. Eighty-three% of PDs and 79% of candidates agreed or strongly agreed that they felt comfortable creating a rank list. If given the choice, 60% of PDs and 45% of candidates would choose virtual interviews over in-person interviews. The majority of candidates found PD overviews, fellows only sessions and pre-interview materials helpful. CONCLUSION Overall, the majority of PDs and candidates felt comfortable creating a rank list; however, more PDs preferred virtual interviews for the future. Our results also confirm key components of a virtual interview day.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric A Ross
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - John Mullen
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wach MM, Grubbs EG, D'Angelica M, Hernandez JM. ASO Author Reflections: Complex General Surgical Oncology Fellowships: What Are Programs Looking For? Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:2682-2683. [PMID: 31243664 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Wach
- Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Jonathan M Hernandez
- Surgical Oncology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|