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Luo Y, Luo Y, Huang X, Liu S, Cao Z, Guo L, Li Q, Cai YP, Wang Y. A New Ester-Substituted Quinoxaline-Based Narrow Bandgap Polymer Donor for Organic Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000683. [PMID: 33350003 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The electron-deficient ester group substitution in the sidechain of the commonly used electron-withdrawing quinoxaline (Qx) unit is seldom studied, while ester-substituted Qx units possess easy syntheses and facile modulation of the polymer solubility, and the enhanced electron-withdrawing property of ester substituted Qx unit can theoretically broaden the optical absorption of the resulting polymers and improve the open circuit voltage in the corresponding organic solar cells (OSCs). In this work, a novel ester-substituted Qx-based narrow bandgap polymer (NBG) donor material PBDTT-EFQx, which exhibits an absorption edge of 790 nm (bandgap < 1.6 eV), is designed and synthesized. Results show that the OSCs composed of PBDTT-EFQx and PC71 BM present the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.8%, compared to PCEs of 5.0% for PBDTT-EFQx:ITIC based devices and 4.1% for PBDTT-EFQx:N2200 based devices, respectively. Characterizations and analyses indicate that the PC71 BM-based OSCs have well-matched energy levels, better complementary light absorption, the highest and most balanced carrier mobilities, as well as the lowest degree of recombination losses, and therefore, leading to the highest PCE among the three types of OSCs. This work reveals that the ester-substituted quinoxaline unit is one of the potential building blocks for NBG polymer donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Luo
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yingtong Luo
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xuelong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Shengjian Liu
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Lingzhi Guo
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qingduan Li
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Peng Cai
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University (SCNU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Allstar Tech (Zhongshan) Co., Ltd, Yanjiang West 1, No.6 Road, Keji Avenue, Torch Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528437, P. R. China
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Zhu C, An K, Zhong W, Li Z, Qian Y, Su X, Ying L. Design and synthesis of non-fullerene acceptors based on a quinoxalineimide moiety as the central building block for organic solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4700-4703. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00896f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The imide-functionalized quinoxaline unit allows for the incorporation of an additional solubilizing group without disturbing the planar structure of the core unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Zhu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory, of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Kang An
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory, of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Wenkai Zhong
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory, of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Zhenye Li
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory, of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yu Qian
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory, of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Xiaozhe Su
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory, of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Lei Ying
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory, of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
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Hasegawa T, Ashizawa M, Kawauchi S, Masunaga H, Ohta N, Matsumoto H. Fluorination and chlorination effects on quinoxalineimides as an electron-deficient building block for n-channel organic semiconductors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:10807-10813. [PMID: 35515293 PMCID: PMC9062530 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The quinoxalineimide (QI) unit, containing the electron-withdrawing quinoxaline and imide groups, is an electron-deficient building block for organic semiconductor materials. In this study, three fluorinated or chlorinated QIs (QI-1F, QI-2F, and QI-2Cl), have been designed and developed. We report the impact of the fluorination or chlorination of the QI unit on the electronic structures and charge carrier transport properties as compared to unsubstituted QI (QI-2H) bearing the same n-hexyl side chains. The frontier molecular orbital energy levels downshifted with the incorporation of fluorine or chlorine atoms onto the π-framework of QI. Single-crystal structure analyses revealed that all QI-based molecules have an entirely planar backbone and are packed into two-dimensional slipped stacks with diagonal electronic coupling that enables two-dimensional charge carrier transport. Notably, the doubly fluorinated or chlorinated QIs formed compact molecular packing in the single-crystal structures through an infinite intermolecular network relative to unsubstituted QI (QI-2H). The field-effect transistor-based QI molecules exhibited typical n-channel transport properties. As compared to unsubstituted QI (QI-2H), the chlorinated QI exhibited improved electron mobilities up to 7.1 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1. The threshold voltages of the fluorinated or chlorinated QI devices were clearly smaller than that of QI-2H, which reflects the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels of the molecules. This study demonstrates that the fluorinated or chlorinated QIs are versatile building blocks in creating n-channel organic semiconductor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Hasegawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Minoru Ashizawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Susumu Kawauchi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Masunaga
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI)/SPring-8 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Sayo 679-5198 Japan
| | - Noboru Ohta
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI)/SPring-8 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Sayo 679-5198 Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Matsumoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
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Hasegawa T, Ashizawa M, Aoyagi K, Masunaga H, Hikima T, Matsumoto H. Thiadiazole-fused Quinoxalineimide as an Electron-deficient Building Block for N-type Organic Semiconductors. Org Lett 2017; 19:3275-3278. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Hasegawa
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1
Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Minoru Ashizawa
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1
Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Koutarou Aoyagi
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1
Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Masunaga
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI)/SPring-8, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Sayo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Takaaki Hikima
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1
Kouto, Sayo, Sayo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Matsumoto
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1
Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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