1
|
Tachibana K, Kojima Y, Masu H, Ichikuni N, Takahashi H, Akiyama K, Nakamura K, Kobayashi N, Ichikawa S, Kondo Y, Oaki Y, Matsui J, Okada S, Omatsu T, Kishikawa K, Kohri M. Silver to Gold Metallic Luster Changes in Stimuli-Responsive Diacetylene Derivatives Uniquely Arranged within Crystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39276128 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c14218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
Eye-catching metallic luster materials, especially those whose colors can be controlled by external stimuli, have many potential applications. Here, we present a silver luster material that changes color to gold upon UV irradiation. Diacetylene (DA) derivatives with stilbenes introduced via linkers at both ends (DS-DAn (n = 1-6)) exhibited significantly different metallic luster and color change behaviors depending on the linker carbon number (n). The results revealed that the stacked structure of platelet crystals consisting of DS-DA1 with the shortest linker carbon chain exhibited a silver luster and changed its appearance to gold upon UV irradiation; this was an exceptional property of this material. More importantly, we found a unique crystal structure formed by DS-DA1, where the two assembled states coexisted. Partial topochemical polymerization of DA within this unique crystal structure dramatically changed its color from silver to gold. The findings of this study not only contribute to the development of the basic science of DA polymerization but also facilitate the development of new applications of metallic luster materials due to their attractive features that are adaptable to photomask patterning and UV laser lithography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoka Tachibana
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Kojima
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hyuma Masu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Ichikuni
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hikaru Takahashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kota Akiyama
- Department of Materials Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakamura
- Department of Materials Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Norihisa Kobayashi
- Department of Materials Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shuji Ichikawa
- Research & Development Center Shinagawa, Mitsubishi Pencil Co., Ltd., 5-23-37, Higashi-Ohi, Shinagawa, Tokyo 140-8537, Japan
| | - Yukishige Kondo
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Yuya Oaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Jun Matsui
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
| | - Shuji Okada
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Takashige Omatsu
- Department of Materials Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keiki Kishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Michinari Kohri
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nakagawa Y, Nishimura R, Morimoto M, Yokojima S, Nakamura S, Uchida K. Phototunable golden luster microcrystalline film of photochromic diarylethene. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Nakagawa
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| | - Ryo Nishimura
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Masakazu Morimoto
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokojima
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Priority Organization by Innovation and Excellence, Laboratory for Data Science, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Kingo Uchida
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Facile access to conjugated polymers under aerobic conditions via Pd-Catalyzed direct arylation and aryl amination polycondensation. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
4
|
Tachiki M, Tagawa R, Hoshino K. Oligo(3-methoxythiophene)s as Water-Soluble Dyes for Highly Lustrous Gold- and Bronze-like Metal-Effect Coatings and Printings. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:24379-24388. [PMID: 33015454 PMCID: PMC7528169 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To overcome various shortcomings associated with commercial metal-effect gloss paints containing metal flakes, we examine possible candidates to be used as novel organic-only metal-effect dyes for both paints and inks. Recently, one of the authors developed a potential candidate (ClO4 --doped oligo(3-methoxythiophene)), but the required solvent was not industrially acceptable and the cured paint displayed low glossiness. Herein, we synthesized and characterized Cl--doped oligo(3-methoxythiophene) dyes that were water-soluble and displayed a highly lustrous gold- and bronze-like hue upon curing. Additionally, we found that films derived from these oligomers form extremely regular and compact edge-on lamella crystallites through self-organization; these films also display a highly glossy metallic appearance due to the extremely high optical constants of the crystallites. These as-prepared films were easily soluble in water, but we also found that the films become insoluble in water upon dehydration, making industrial implementation feasible.
Collapse
|
5
|
Effect of π–π interaction-induced secondary doping on the gold-like luster of oligo(3-methoxythiophene) cast films. Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-019-0172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
6
|
Takashina Y, Mitogawa T, Saito K, Hoshino K. Chemical Events in Oligo(3-methoxythiophene) Coating Solutions and Their Effect on the Goldlike Coating Film Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:3049-3057. [PMID: 29420043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free, metal-like lustrous films may find applications in a variety of fields, and a study of the factors affecting their stability is highly desirable. In particular, chemical events occurring in the coating solutions might affect the supramolecular organization of the films and therefore the metal-like luster. Herein, the chemical events occurring in acetonitrile and nitromethane coating solutions of oligo(3-methoxythiophene) and their effect on the optical properties of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction, UV-vis absorption, and viscosity measurements. In acetonitrile, the oligomers underwent gradual dedoping with time, but only small changes in viscosity were observed. The solution was applied to a glass plate to yield a dark brown film, which turned into a goldlike lustrous film by rubbing. In nitromethane, the supramolecular structure of the oligomers changed with time from the nonaggregated state to π-dimers and then to π-stacks, and the viscosity increased. The properties of the goldlike films prepared from this solution were greatly affected by this chemical event. Remarkably, the π-dimer solution provided the film with the highest specular reflectance, yellowness, greenness, brightness, and crystallinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Takashina
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Terumasa Mitogawa
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Kota Saito
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Hoshino
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering , Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho , Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Electropolymerized films of 3-methoxythiophene with a potential sweep-induced gold-like luster. Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2016.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
8
|
Aikyo Y, Kushida S, Braam D, Kuwabara J, Kondo T, Kanbara T, Nakamura J, Lorke A, Yamamoto Y. Enwrapping Conjugated Polymer Microspheres with Graphene Oxide Nanosheets. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
9
|
Kushida S, Braam D, Pan C, Dao TD, Tabata K, Sugiyasu K, Takeuchi M, Ishii S, Nagao T, Lorke A, Yamamoto Y. Whispering Gallery Resonance from Self-Assembled Microspheres of Highly Fluorescent Isolated Conjugated Polymers. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soh Kushida
- Division of Materials Science and Tsukuba
Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Faculty
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Daniel Braam
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstraβe 1, Duisburg D-47048, Germany
| | - Chengjun Pan
- Organic
Materials Group, Polymer Material Unit, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Thang D. Dao
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science
and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tabata
- Division of Materials Science and Tsukuba
Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Faculty
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sugiyasu
- Organic
Materials Group, Polymer Material Unit, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- Organic
Materials Group, Polymer Material Unit, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishii
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science
and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Nagao
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science
and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Axel Lorke
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstraβe 1, Duisburg D-47048, Germany
| | - Yohei Yamamoto
- Division of Materials Science and Tsukuba
Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Faculty
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yamada H, Kukino M, Wang ZA, Miyabara R, Fujimoto N, Kuwabara J, Matsuishi K, Kanbara T. Preparation and characterization of green reflective films of polyaniline analogs containing azobenzene units. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Yamada
- Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba; 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba 305-8573 Japan
| | - Minoru Kukino
- Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba; 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba 305-8573 Japan
| | - Zhi An Wang
- Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba; 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba 305-8573 Japan
| | - Ryo Miyabara
- Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd.; 1 Irifune-cho Shikama-ku Himeji 672-8076 Japan
| | - Nobutaka Fujimoto
- Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd.; 1 Irifune-cho Shikama-ku Himeji 672-8076 Japan
| | - Junpei Kuwabara
- Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba; 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba 305-8573 Japan
| | - Kiyoto Matsuishi
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba; 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba 305-8573 Japan
| | - Takaki Kanbara
- Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba; 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba 305-8573 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tabata K, Braam D, Kushida S, Tong L, Kuwabara J, Kanbara T, Beckel A, Lorke A, Yamamoto Y. Self-assembled conjugated polymer spheres as fluorescent microresonators. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5902. [PMID: 25082187 PMCID: PMC5379992 DOI: 10.1038/srep05902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Confinement of light inside an active medium cavity can amplify emission. Whispering gallery mode (WGM) is one of mechanisms that amplifies light effectively by confining it inside high-refractive-index microstructures, where light propagates along the circumference of a sphere via total internal reflection. Here we show that isolated single microspheres of 2-10 μm diameter, formed from self-assembly of π-conjugated alternating copolymers, display WGM photoemission induced by laser pumping. The wavelengths of the emission peaks depend sensitively on the sphere size, position of the excitation spot and refractive index of each polymer. The Q-factor increases with increasing sphere diameter and displays a linear correlation with the reciprocal radius, indicating that the small curvature increases the efficacy of the total internal reflection. WGM photoemission from π-conjugated polymer microspheres is unprecedented and may be of high technological impact since the microspheres fulfill the role of fluorophores, high-refractive-index media and resonators simultaneously, in addition to their simple fabrication process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Tabata
- Division of Materials Science and Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Daniel Braam
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstraβe 1, Duisburg, D-47048, Germany
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Soh Kushida
- Division of Materials Science and Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Liang Tong
- Division of Materials Science and Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Junpei Kuwabara
- Division of Materials Science and Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Takaki Kanbara
- Division of Materials Science and Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Andreas Beckel
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstraβe 1, Duisburg, D-47048, Germany
| | - Axel Lorke
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstraβe 1, Duisburg, D-47048, Germany
| | - Yohei Yamamoto
- Division of Materials Science and Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Goto H. Crystal-liquid crystal ordered double layer electroactive polymer prepared with phase transition sequential polymerization, showing metallic electrochromism-bronze, silver, and gold. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Goto
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; Division of Materials Science, University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang K, Hoshina Y, Cao Y, Tagaya M, Kobayashi T. Novel Metal-Like Luster Conductive Film Made of Pyrrole and Furfural in Straightforward Chemical Copolymerization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie302814a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1
Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2188, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hoshina
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1
Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2188, Japan
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1
Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2188, Japan
| | - Motohiro Tagaya
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1
Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2188, Japan
| | - Takaomi Kobayashi
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1
Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2188, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
KUWABARA J, KANBARA T. Polycondensation via Complex-Catalyzed Carbon-Heteroatom Bond Formation. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2011. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.68.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|