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Shi R, Martinez ED, Brites CDS, Carlos LD. Thermal enhancement of upconversion emission in nanocrystals: a comprehensive summary. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:20-42. [PMID: 33305776 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05069e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence thermal stability is a major figure of merit of lanthanide-doped nanoparticles playing an essential role in determining their potential applications in advanced optics. Unfortunately, considering the intensification of multiple electron-vibration interactions as temperature increases, luminescence thermal quenching of lanthanide-doped materials is generally considered to be inevitable. Recently, the emergence of thermally enhanced upconversion luminescence in lanthanide-doped nanoparticles seemed to challenge this stereotype, and the research on this topic rapidly aroused wide attention. While considerable efforts have been made to explore the origin of this phenomenon, the key mechanism of luminescence enhancement is still under debate. Here, to sort out the context of this intriguing finding, the reported results on this exciting topic are reviewed, and the corresponding enhancement mechanisms as proposed by different researchers are summarized. Detailed analyses are provided to evaluate the contribution of the most believed "surface-attached moisture desorption" process on the overall luminescence enhancement of lanthanide-doped nanoparticles at elevated temperatures. The impacts of other surface-related processes and shell passivation on the luminescence behaviour of the lanthanide-doped materials are also elaborated. Lack of standardization in the reported data and the absence of important experimental information, which greatly hinders the cross-checking and reanalysis of the results, is emphasized as well. On the foundation of these discussions, it is realized that the thermal-induced luminescence enhancement is a form of recovery process against the strong luminescence quenching in the system, and the enhancement degree is closely associated with the extent of luminescence loss induced by various quenching effects beforehand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shi
- Phantom-g, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Physics Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Xu L, He F, Wang C, Gai S, Gulzar A, Yang D, Zhong C, Yang P. Lanthanide-doped bismuth oxobromide nanosheets for self-activated photodynamic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:7939-7948. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01983a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Low tissue penetration depth of the excited light and complicated synthetic procedures greatly hinder the clinical application of photodynamic therapy (PDT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangge Xu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin
| | - Fei He
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin
| | - Shili Gai
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin
| | - Arif Gulzar
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin
| | - Dan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin
| | - Chongna Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin
| | - Piaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Engineering University
- Harbin
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Kilbane JD, Chan EM, Monachon C, Borys NJ, Levy ES, Pickel AD, Urban JJ, Schuck PJ, Dames C. Far-field optical nanothermometry using individual sub-50 nm upconverting nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:11611-11616. [PMID: 27216164 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01479h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate far-field optical thermometry using individual NaYF4 nanoparticles doped with 2% Er(3+) and 20% Yb(3+). Isolated 20 × 20 × 40 nm(3) particles were identified using only far-field optical imaging, confirmed by subsequent scanning electron microscopy. The luminescence thermometry response for five such single particles was characterized for temperatures from 300 K to 400 K. A standard Arrhenius model widely used for larger particles can still be accurately applied to these sub-50 nm particles, with good particle-to-particle uniformity (response coefficients exhibited standard deviations below 5%). With its spatial resolution on the order of 50 nm when imaging a single particle, far below the diffraction limit, this technique has potential applications for both fundamental thermal measurements and nanoscale metrology in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D Kilbane
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
| | - Emory M Chan
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Christian Monachon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. and The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Nicholas J Borys
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Levy
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Andrea D Pickel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
| | - Jeffrey J Urban
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P James Schuck
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Chris Dames
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. and The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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