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Zhang Y, Zhao H, Zhang J. Hyaluronidase inhibitor sHA2.75 alleviates ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. Cell Cycle 2024; 23:248-261. [PMID: 38526145 PMCID: PMC11057651 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2024.2309019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronidases (HAases) are enzymes that degrade hyaluronic acid (HA) in the animal kingdom. The HAases-HA system is crucial for HA homeostasis and plays a significant role in biological processes and extracellular matrix (ECM)-related pathophysiological conditions. This study aims to explore the role of inhibiting the HAases-HA system in acute kidney injury (AKI). We selected the potent inhibitor "sHA2.75" to inhibit HAase activity through mixed inhibitory mechanisms. The ischemia-reperfusion mouse model was established using male BALB/c mice (7-9 weeks old), and animals were subjected to subcapsular injection with 50 mg/kg sHA2.75 twice a week to evaluate the effects of sHA2.75 on AKI on day 1, 5 and 14 after ischemia-reperfusion or sham procedure. Blood and tissue samples were collected for immunohistochemistry, biochemical, and quantitative analyses. sHA2.75 significantly reduced blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels in AKI mouse models. Expression of kidney injury-related genes such as Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), type I collagen (Col1), type III collagen (Col3), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) showed significant downregulation in mouse kidney tissues after sHA2.75 treatment. Moreover, sHA2.75 treatment led to decreased plasma levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) proteins and reduced mRNA levels in renal tissues of AKI mice. Inhibitor sHA2.75 administration in the AKI mouse model downregulated kidney injury-related biomarkers and immune-specific genes, thereby alleviating AKI in vivo. These findings suggest the potential use of HAase inhibitors for treating ischemic reperfusion-induced kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huajiang Zhao
- Department of Laboratory, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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2
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Neves ER, Anand A, Mueller J, Remy RA, Xu H, Selting KA, Sarkaria JN, Harley BA, Pedron-Haba S. Targeting glioblastoma tumor hyaluronan to enhance therapeutic interventions that regulate metabolic cell properties. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.05.574065. [PMID: 38260497 PMCID: PMC10802468 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.05.574065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Despite extensive advances in cancer research, glioblastoma (GBM) still remains a very locally invasive and thus challenging tumor to treat, with a poor median survival. Tumor cells remodel their microenvironment and utilize extracellular matrix to promote invasion and therapeutic resistance. We aim here to determine how GBM cells exploit hyaluronan (HA) to maintain proliferation using ligand-receptor dependent and ligand-receptor independent signaling. We use tissue engineering approaches to recreate the three-dimensional tumor microenvironment in vitro, then analyze shifts in metabolism, hyaluronan secretion, HA molecular weight distribution, as well as hyaluronan synthetic enzymes (HAS) and hyaluronidases (HYAL) activity in an array of patient derived xenograft GBM cells. We reveal that endogenous HA plays a role in mitochondrial respiration and cell proliferation in a tumor subtype dependent manner. We propose a tumor specific combination treatment of HYAL and HAS inhibitors to disrupt the HA stabilizing role in GBM cells. Taken together, these data shed light on the dual metabolic and ligand - dependent signaling roles of hyaluronan in glioblastoma. Significance The control of aberrant hyaluronan metabolism in the tumor microenvironment can improve the efficacy of current treatments. Bioengineered preclinical models demonstrate potential to predict, stratify and accelerate the development of cancer treatments.
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Yi J, Lee S, Lee JY. Biomimetic polypyrrole/hyaluronic acid electrodes integrated with hyaluronidase inhibitors offer persistent electroactivity and resistance to cell binding. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1591-1600. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02849a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conductive polymers, including polypyrrole (PPy), have garnered much attention as bioelectrodes because of their high conductivity, low interfacial resistance, environmental stability, and biocompatibility. In particular, the introduction of high-molecular weight...
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Tomohara K, Ohashi N, Nose T. Mechanistic Insights into a DMSO-Perturbing Inhibitory Assay of Hyaluronidase. Biochemistry 2020; 59:3879-3888. [PMID: 32940996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A hyaluronic acid-degrading enzyme (hyaluronidase; HAase) is involved in tumor growth and inflammation, and consequently, HAase inhibitors have received recent attention as potential pharmaceuticals. Previous studies have discovered a wide range of inhibitors; however, unfortunately, most of them are dissimilar to the original ligand hyaluronic acid, and their mode of inhibition remains ambiguous or seems promiscuous. This situation presents an urgent need for readily available and highly reliable assay systems identifying the promiscuous inhibitory properties of HAase inhibitors. We have previously proposed a unique method to identify promiscuous nonspecific binding inhibitors of HAase by using the DMSO-perturbing effect. Here, to obtain mechanistic insights into the DMSO-perturbing assay, we studied the addition effect of 11 water-compatible chemicals on HAase inhibitory assay. Intriguingly, the perturbing property was found to be highly specific to DMSO. Furthermore, kinetic analyses described characteristic description of the perturbing property of DMSO: DMSO displayed entropy-driven interactions with HAase, whereas nonperturbing agents such as ethanol and urea exhibited enthalpy-driven interactions. The enthalpy-driven tight interactions of ethanol and urea with HAase would lead to the irreversible denaturation of the enzymes, while the entropy-driven weak interactions caused structural and catalytic perturbation, generating nonproductive but nondenatured states of enzymes, that are key species of the perturbation assay. With these mechanistic understandings in hand, the present assay will enable rapid and reliable identification of HAase inhibitors with certain pharmaceutical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Tomohara
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Nao Ohashi
- Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takeru Nose
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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5
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Ahmed MH, Aldesouki HM, Badria FA. Effect of phenolic compounds from the leaves of Psidium guajava on the activity of three metabolism-related enzymes. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:497-512. [PMID: 32432341 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme activity modulation by synthetic compounds provide strategies combining the inhibitory and therapeutic mode of action of the confirmed inhibitors. However, natural modulators could offer a valuable alternative for synthetic ones for the treatment of different chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, cancer); due to the numerous side effects of the latter. In vitro screening assays were conducted for Psidium guajava leaf methanolic extract against three metabolism-related enzymes; α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase. The obtained results showed that the examined extract retained weak and moderate multitarget inhibition against α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase, respectively; however, the leaf fractions exhibited stronger inhibitions for the three investigated enzymes. Fractionation of P. guajava leaf extract revealed that anthraquinones and ellagic acid are of the major active compounds with inhibitory activities for α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase. Kinetic studies showed that quinalizarin inhibition is competitive for both α-amylase and hyaluronidase, and ellagic acid inhibition for tyrosinase and hyaluronidase is competitive and un-competitive, respectively. The molecular docking studies of quinalizarin and ellagic acid with α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase showed high binding energies with different bonds stabilizing the ligand-protein complex. Compiling all obtained results led to conclude that both P. guajava leaf fractions, quinalizarin and ellagic acid, have multitarget activities with potential therapeutic applications in many metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala M Aldesouki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Farid A Badria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Lengers I, Herrmann F, Le Borgne M, Jose J. Improved Surface Display of Human Hyal1 and Identification of Testosterone Propionate and Chicoric Acid as New Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E54. [PMID: 32224932 PMCID: PMC7243119 DOI: 10.3390/ph13040054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Degradation of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) in humans is mainly catalyzed by hyaluronidase Hyal1. This enzyme is involved in many pathophysiological processes and therefore appears an interesting target for drug discovery. Until now, only a few inhibitors of human Hyal1 are known due to obstacles in obtaining active enzymes for inhibitor screening. The aim of the present work was to provide a convenient enzyme activity assay and show its feasibility by the identification of new inhibitors. By autodisplay, Escherichia coli F470 can present active Hyal1 on its surface. In this study, the inducible expression of Hyal1 on the cell surface of E. coli under the control of a rhamnose-dependent promoter (Prha) was performed and optimized. Enzyme activity per single cell was increased by a factor of 100 compared to the constitutive Hyal1 surface display, as described before. An activity of 6.8 × 10-4 mU per single cell was obtained under optimal reaction conditions. By this modified activity assay, two new inhibitors of human Hyal1 were identified. Chicoric acid, a natural compound belonging to the phenylpropanoids, showed an IC50 value of 171 µM. The steroid derivative testosterone propionate showed and IC50 value of 124 ± 1.1 µM. Both values were in the same order of magnitude as the IC50 value of glycyrrhizic acid (177 µM), one of the best known inhibitors of human Hyal1 known so far. In conclusion, we established a new enzyme activity assay for human Hyal1 and identified new inhibitors with this new assay method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Lengers
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universtität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Fabian Herrmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universtität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Marc Le Borgne
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Faculté de Pharmacie—ISPB, EA 4446 Bioactive Molecules and Medicinal Chemistry, SFR Santé Lyon-Est CNRS UMS3453—INSERM US7, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon CEDEX 8, France;
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universtität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
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7
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Ahmed MH, Aldesouki HM, Badria FA. Effect of phenolic compounds from the rind of Punica granatum on the activity of three metabolism-related enzymes. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 67:960-972. [PMID: 31769157 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme activity modulation by synthetic compounds provide strategies combining the inhibitory and therapeutic mode of action of the confirmed inhibitors. However, natural modulators could offer a valuable alternative for synthetic ones for the treatment of different chronic diseases (diabetes, hypertension, cancer) due to the numerous side effects of the latter. In vitro screening assays were conducted for Punica granatum rind methanolic extract against three metabolism-related enzymes: α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase. The obtained results showed that the examined extract retained high multitarget inhibition with inhibition percentages 31.5 ± 1.3%, 75.9 ± 4.7%, and 68.5 ± 5.3% against α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase, respectively. Bioguided fractionation of P. granatum rind extract revealed that quercetin is the major active compound with inhibitory activities: 54.3 ± 2.7%, 94.2 ± 3.5%, and 90.9 ± 2.7% against α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase, respectively. Kinetic studies of enzymes showed that quercetin inhibition was noncompetitive, uncompetitive, and competitive for α-amylase, tyrosinase, and hyaluronidase, respectively. The molecular docking of quercetin with α-amylase and hyaluronidase showed high binding energy with different bonds stabilizing the ligand-protein complex. Compiling all obtained results led to conclude that both P. granatum rind extract and quercetin have multitarget activities with potential therapeutic applications in many metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Ahmed
- Departments of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala M Aldesouki
- Departments of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Farid A Badria
- Departments of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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8
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Grabowska K, Wróbel D, Żmudzki P, Podolak I. Anti-inflammatory activity of saponins from roots of Impatiens parviflora DC. Nat Prod Res 2018; 34:1581-1585. [PMID: 30445861 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1519708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Two triterpene saponins (IPS-1, IPS-2) for the first time were isolated from the roots of Impatiens parviflora DC. (Balsaminaceae). Their anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by means of two in vitro models: anti-hyaluronidase and anti-denaturation assays. Both saponins were shown to be potent hyaluronidase inhibitors that affect the enzyme in a dose-dependent manner. The anti-hyaluronidase effect of IPS-2 (IC50 = 286.7 µg/mL) was higher than that of the reference drug: escin (IC50 = 303.93 µg/mL). Both saponins protected bovine serum albumin from heat-induced denaturation in a dose-dependent manner. IPS-1 demonstrated higher anti-denaturation effect (IC50 = 86.7 µg/ml) than IPS-2 (IC50 = 109.76 µg/mL) or the standard drug: acetylsalicylic acid (IC50 = 262.22 µg/mL). In conclusion, potent activity of IPS-1, IPS-2 in both in vitro assays shows that saponins from I. parviflora have anti-inflammatory activity. The obtained results allow to suggest that such compounds may be beneficial in inflammatory conditions, especially associated with excessive degradation of hyaluronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Grabowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Dagmara Wróbel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Paweł Żmudzki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
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9
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Hassan SSU, Shaikh AL. Marine actinobacteria as a drug treasure house. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:46-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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10
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Tomohara K, Ito T, Onikata S, Kato A, Adachi I. Discovery of hyaluronidase inhibitors from natural products and their mechanistic characterization under DMSO-perturbed assay conditions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1620-1623. [PMID: 28202328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study discovered four novel hyaluronan-degrading enzyme (hyaluronidase) inhibitors including chikusetsusaponins and catechins through the activity-guided separation of Panax japonicus and Prunus salicina, respectively. Although the discovery resulted in identification of usual frequent hitters, subsequent mechanistic characterizations under our DMSO-perturbed assay conditions and related protocols revealed that chikusetusaponin IV would serve as an aggregating and non-specific binding inhibitor, while (-)-epicatechin would interact specifically with enzyme at the catalytic site or more likely at a kind of catechin-binding site with a relatively week inhibitory activity. The latter description might provide a possible explanation for the well-known fact that a series of catechin have been described as frequent hitters in biological assays with a moderate activity. Thus, the present study demonstrated a practical and robust methodology to characterize initial screening hits mechanistically molecule-by-molecule in the early stage of natural product-based drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Tomohara
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Ito
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Saika Onikata
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Isao Adachi
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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11
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Interpreting the behavior of concentration–response curves of hyaluronidase inhibitors under DMSO-perturbed assay conditions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3153-3157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Liang J, Jiang D, Noble PW. Hyaluronan as a therapeutic target in human diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 97:186-203. [PMID: 26541745 PMCID: PMC4753080 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation and turnover of extracellular matrix is a hallmark of tissue injury, repair and remodeling in human diseases. Hyaluronan is a major component of the extracellular matrix and plays an important role in regulating tissue injury and repair, and controlling disease outcomes. The function of hyaluronan depends on its size, location, and interactions with binding partners. While fragmented hyaluronan stimulates the expression of an array of genes by a variety of cell types regulating inflammatory responses and tissue repair, cell surface hyaluronan provides protection against tissue damage from the environment and promotes regeneration and repair. The interactions of hyaluronan and its binding proteins participate in the pathogenesis of many human diseases. Thus, targeting hyaluronan and its interactions with cells and proteins may provide new approaches to developing therapeutics for inflammatory and fibrosing diseases. This review focuses on the role of hyaluronan in biological and pathological processes, and as a potential therapeutic target in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiurong Liang
- Department of Medicine and Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Department of Medicine and Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Paul W Noble
- Department of Medicine and Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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Streptomyces hyaluromycini sp. nov., isolated from a tunicate (Molgula manhattensis). J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2015; 69:159-63. [PMID: 26531686 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2015.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A novel Gram-stain-positive actinomycete, designated MB-PO13(T), was isolated from a tunicate (Molgula manhattensis) collected in Tokyo Bay, Japan, and its taxonomic position was studied by a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain MB-PO13(T) was closely related to Streptomyces graminisoli JR-12(T) (99.72% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Streptomyces shenzhenensis 172115(T) (99.23%). The strain contained LL-diaminopimelic acid in the whole-cell hydrolysate. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H6) and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0, iso-C16:0, iso-C14:0 and C16:0. These data supported the affiliation of the novel strain to the genus Streptomyces. Meanwhile, results of DNA-DNA hybridization and physiological and biochemical tests indicated that strain MB-PO13(T) was distinguished from known Streptomyces type strains. Therefore, strain MB-PO13(T) represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces for which the name Streptomyces hyaluromycini sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is MB-PO13(T) (=NBRC 110483(T) =DSM 100105(T)).
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Autodisplay of Human Hyaluronidase Hyal-1 on Escherichia coli and Identification of Plant-Derived Enzyme Inhibitors. Molecules 2015; 20:15449-68. [PMID: 26343612 PMCID: PMC6331893 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200915449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is the main component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Depending on its chain size, it is generally accepted to exert diverse effects. High molecular weight HA is anti-angiogenic, immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory, while lower fragments are angiogenic and inflammatory. Human hyaluronidase Hyal-1 (Hyal-1) is one of the main enzymes in the metabolism of HA. This makes Hyal-1 an interesting target. Not only for functional and mechanistic studies, but also for drug development. In this work, Hyal-1 was expressed on the surface of E. coli, by applying Autodisplay, to overcome formation of inactive “inclusion bodies”. With the cells displaying Hyal-1 an activity assay was performed using “stains-all” dye. Subsequently, the inhibitory effects of four saponins and 14 plant extracts on the activity of surface displayed Hyal-1 were evaluated. The determined IC50 values were 177 µM for glycyrrhizic acid, 108 µM for gypsophila saponin 2, 371 µM for SA1657 and 296 µM for SA1641. Malvae sylvestris flos, Equiseti herba and Ononidis radix extracts showed IC50 values between 1.4 and 1.7 mg/mL. In summary, Autodisplay enabled the expression of functional human target protein Hyal-1 in E. coli and facilitated an accelerated testing of potential inhibitors.
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15
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Harunari E, Imada C, Igarashi Y, Fukuda T, Terahara T, Kobayashi T. Hyaluromycin, a new hyaluronidase inhibitor of polyketide origin from marine Streptomyces sp. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:491-507. [PMID: 24451191 PMCID: PMC3917283 DOI: 10.3390/md12010491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluromycin (1), a new member of the rubromycin family of antibiotics, was isolated from the culture extract of a marine-derived Streptomyces sp. as a HAase inhibitor on the basis of HAase activity screening. The structure of 1 was elucidated through the interpretation of NMR data for the compound and its 3″-O-methyl derivative in combination with an incorporation experiment with [1,2-13C2]acetate. The compound’s absolute configuration was determined by the comparison of its circular dichroism (CD) spectrum with those of other rubromycins. Hyaluromycin (1) consists of a γ-rubromycin core structure possessing a 2-amino-3-hydroxycyclopent-2-enone (C5N) unit as an amide substituent of the carboxyl function; both structural units have been reported only from actinomycetes. Hyaluromycin (1) displayed approximately 25-fold more potent hyaluronidase inhibitory activity against hyaluronidase than did glycyrrhizin, a known inhibitor of plant origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enjuro Harunari
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
| | - Chiaki Imada
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Igarashi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
| | - Takao Fukuda
- Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Terahara
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
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Stern R, Maibach HI. Hyaluronan in skin: aspects of aging and its pharmacologic modulation. Clin Dermatol 2008; 26:106-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Sakai S, Hirano K, Toyoda H, Linhardt RJ, Toida T. Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry analysis of hyaluronan oligosaccharides. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 593:207-13. [PMID: 17543609 PMCID: PMC4129653 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2007] [Revised: 05/01/2007] [Accepted: 05/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new method is presented for the identification of oligosaccharides obtained by enzymatic digestion of hyaluronan (HA) with bacterial hyaluronidase (E.C. 4.2.2.1, from Streptomyces hyalurolyticus) using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS). Mixtures containing HA oligosaccharides of tetrasaccharide (4-mer)-34-mer were analyzed using this method. The carboxyl groups of the glucuronate residues in the prepared HA oligomers, were modified as the acidic form (-COOH), sodium salts (-COONa), organic ammonium salts, or methylesters before MALDI-TOFMS measurement. Among these samples, the methylester form of glucuronate residues in HA oligosaccharides, prepared by methylation using trimethylsilyl diazomethane, afforded high sensitivity for spectra. This simple modification method for carboxyl group methylation of acidic polysaccharides [Hirano et al., Carbohydr. Res., 340, (2005) 2297-2304] provides samples suitable for MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis throughout a significantly enhanced range of masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Sakai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kana Hirano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hidenao Toyoda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
| | - Toshihiko Toida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +81 43 290 2894; fax: +81 43 290 2895. (T. Toida)
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18
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Girish KS, Kemparaju K. The magic glue hyaluronan and its eraser hyaluronidase: a biological overview. Life Sci 2007; 80:1921-43. [PMID: 17408700 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2006] [Revised: 02/04/2007] [Accepted: 02/19/2007] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a multifunctional high molecular weight polysaccharide found throughout the animal kingdom, especially in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of soft connective tissues. HA is thought to participate in many biological processes, and its level is markedly elevated during embryogenesis, cell migration, wound healing, malignant transformation, and tissue turnover. The enzymes that degrade HA, hyaluronidases (HAases) are expressed both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. These enzymes are known to be involved in physiological and pathological processes ranging from fertilization to aging. Hyaluronidase-mediated degradation of HA increases the permeability of connective tissues and decreases the viscosity of body fluids and is also involved in bacterial pathogenesis, the spread of toxins and venoms, acrosomal reaction/ovum fertilization, and cancer progression. Furthermore, these enzymes may promote direct contact between pathogens and the host cell surfaces. Depolymerization of HA also adversely affects the role of ECM and impairs its activity as a reservoir of growth factors, cytokines and various enzymes involved in signal transduction. Inhibition of HA degradation therefore may be crucial in reducing disease progression and spread of venom/toxins and bacterial pathogens. Hyaluronidase inhibitors are potent, ubiquitous regulating agents that are involved in maintaining the balance between the anabolism and catabolism of HA. Hyaluronidase inhibitors could also serve as contraceptives and anti-tumor agents and possibly have antibacterial and anti-venom/toxin activities. Additionally, these molecules can be used as pharmacological tools to study the physiological and pathophysiological role of HA and hyaluronidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Girish
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore, Karnataka State, 560007, India.
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19
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Hertel W, Peschel G, Ozegowski JH, Müller PJ. Inhibitory Effects of Triterpenes and Flavonoids on the Enzymatic Activity of Hyaluronic Acid-Splitting Enzymes. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2006; 339:313-8. [PMID: 16718670 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200500216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The effect of triterpenes and flavonoids on the activity of several hyaluronic acid-splitting enzymes was investigated. Studies showed that the inhibitory effect of the triterpenes glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetinic acid is dependent on the source of hyaluronate lyase. Hyaluronate lyase from Streptococcus agalactiae (Hyal B) and recombinant hyaluronate lyase from Streptococcus agalactiae (rHyal B) demonstrated strongest inhibition. In contrast, hyaluronate lyases from Streptomyces hyalurolyticus (Hyal S), Streptococcus equisimilis (Hyal C) and hyaluronidase from bovine testis (Dase) showed only reduced inhibition action. A non-competitive dead end inhibition with Ki=3.1+/-1.8x10(-6) mol/mL and Kii=6.7+/-2.4x10(-6) mol/mL was found for glycyrrhizin on recombinant hyaluronate lyase from Streptococcus agalactiae. The inhibitory effect of flavonoids on Hyal B, rHyal B and Dase was determined depending on the number of hydroxyl groups and side chain substituents in the molecule. Flavonoids with many hydroxyl groups inhibited hyaluronate lyase stronger than those with only a few. Native hyaluronate lyase (Hyal B) showed a more extensive inhibition than the recombinant protein (rHyal B). Accordingly, the inhibition by triterpenes and flavonoids is presumably specific for each hyaluronic acid (HA)-splitting enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waltraud Hertel
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Jena, Germany
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20
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Machiah DK, Girish KS, Gowda TV. A glycoprotein from a folk medicinal plant, Withania somnifera, inhibits hyaluronidase activity of snake venoms. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2006; 143:158-61. [PMID: 16513428 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2006.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2005] [Revised: 01/01/2006] [Accepted: 01/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Venom hyaluronidases help in rapid spreading of the toxins by destroying the integrity of the extra-cellular matrix of the tissues in the victims. A hyaluronidase inhibitor (WSG) is purified from a folk medicinal plant, Withania somnifera. The glycoprotein inhibited the hyaluronidase activity of cobra (Naja naja) and viper (Daboia russelii) venoms, which was demonstrated by zymogram assay and staining of the skin tissues for differential activity. WSG completely inhibited the activity of the enzyme at a concentration of 1:1 w/w of venom to WSG. Thus we are able to demonstrate that the glycoprotein inhibits hyaluronidase activity of the venoms. External application of the plant extract as an antidote in rural parts of India to snakebite victims appears to have a scientific basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa K Machiah
- Department of Pathology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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21
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Abstract
Tea has been found to possess widespread biological functions based on a variety of laboratory data. The effects of tea on obesity and diabetes have received increasing attention. This paper reviews the evidence for the connections among tea catechins, and obesity and diabetes. Tea catechins, especially (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), appear to have antiobesity and antidiabetic effects. While few epidemiological and clinical studies show the health benefits of EGCG on obesity and diabetes, the mechanisms of its actions are emerging based on the various laboratory data. These mechanisms may be related to certain pathways, such as through the modulations of energy balance, endocrine systems, food intake, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, the redox status, and activities of different types of cells (i. e., fat, liver, muscle, and beta-pancreatic cells). Because the EGCG receptor, the so-called 67-kDa laminin receptor (LR), has been discovered with colocalization of other types of LR and cytoskeleton in both cancer cells and normal cells, this may explain that EGCG possesses numerous actions. The mechanistic results of this review may possibly be utilized in the treatment of obesity, diabetes, and other related diseases using tea- and EGCG-based folk medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hsi Kao
- Department of Life Science, College of Science, National Central University, Chung-Li City, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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22
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Isoyama T, Thwaites D, Selzer MG, Carey RI, Barbucci R, Lokeshwar VB. Differential selectivity of hyaluronidase inhibitors toward acidic and basic hyaluronidases. Glycobiology 2005; 16:11-21. [PMID: 16166602 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwj036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronidase (HAase), a class of enzymes which degrade hyaluronic acid (HA), are involved in the spread of infections/toxins, ovum fertilization, and cancer progression. Thus, HAase inhibitors may have use in disease treatments. We evaluated 21 HAase inhibitors against HYAL-1, testicular, honeybee, and Streptomyces HAases. Among these inhibitors, polymers of poly (styrene-4-sulfonate) (PSS) (i.e., molecular weight 1400-990,000 or PSS 1400-PSS 990,000) and O-sulfated HA (sHA) derivatives (sHA2.0, 2.5, and 2.75) were the most effective. HYAL-1 and bee HAases were the most sensitive, followed by testicular HAase; Streptomyces HAase was resistant to all inhibitors, except PSS 990,000 and VERSA-TL 502 (i.e., PSS 10(6) dalton). The length of the PSS polymer determined their potency (e.g., IC50 for HYAL-1, PSS 990,000: 0.0096 microM; PSS 210 no inhibition; IC50 for testicular HAase, PSS 990,000: 0.042 microM; PSS 210 no inhibition). The presence, but not the number, of sulfate groups on the sHA molecule determined its potency (e.g., IC50 for HYAL-1: sHA2.0, 0.019 microM; sHA2.75, 0.0083 microM). Other known HAase inhibitors, such as gossypol, sodium-aurothiomalate, 1-tetradecane sulfonic acid, and glycerrhizic acid, were not effective. Both PSS and sHA inhibited HAases by a mixed inhibition mechanism (i.e., competitive + uncompetitive) and were 5- to 17-fold better as uncompetitive inhibitors than as competitive inhibitors. These results demonstrate that HAase inhibitors show selectivity toward the different types of HAases, which could be exploited to inhibit specific HAases involved in a variety of pathophysiologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Isoyama
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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23
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Khanum SA, Murari SK, Vishwanth BS, Shashikanth S. Synthesis of benzoyl phenyl benzoates as effective inhibitors for phospholipase A2 and hyaluronidase enzymes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:4100-4. [PMID: 15993585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2005] [Revised: 05/28/2005] [Accepted: 06/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Benzoylation of (hydroxy phenyl) phenyl methanone 2a-g to benzoyl phenyl benzoates 4a-g, a benzophenone analogue, was achieved in good yield. All the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their phospholipase A2 [E.C. 3.1.1.4] and hyaluronidase [E.C. 3.2.1.35] enzyme inhibitory activity in snake venom as source and their structure-activity relationship with respect to different groups is reported for the first time. The in vitro PLA2 enzyme inhibitory activity and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity studies of benzoyl phenyl benzoates are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaukath Ara Khanum
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
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24
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Murari SK, Frey FJ, Frey BM, Gowda TV, Vishwanath BS. Use of Pavo cristatus feather extract for the better management of snakebites: neutralization of inflammatory reactions. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 99:229-37. [PMID: 15894132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2004] [Revised: 02/03/2005] [Accepted: 02/12/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In Indian traditional medicine, peacock feather in the form of ash (Bhasma) or water extract are used against snakebite and to treat various problems associated with lungs. This study was aimed to evaluate the water extract of peacock feather (PCF) against the local tissue damage caused due to snakebite. PCF water extract showed inhibition towards phospholipase A2 enzyme activity from snake venom (Naja naja and Vipera russelii), inflammatory fluids (synovial, pleural, ascites) and normal serum in a dose-dependent manner. Hyaluronidase and proteases are other major enzymes in snake venoms responsible for local tissue damage. PCF water extract inhibited hyaluronidase and proteolytic enzyme activities from Vipera russelii, Naja naja and Trimeresurus malabaricus venom. The active principle is a hydrophilic molecule easily extractable in water or polar solvents. PCF water extract gave positive results for the presence of protein and secondary metabolites like carotenoids and steroids. Analysis of metal ions revealed that iron is the major ion (> 20-fold). Other metal ions detected in smaller amount are copper, chromium, zinc and nickel. The least amount of ion detected is gold. Co-injection of PCF water extract with snake venom and inflammatory PLA2 enzymes neutralize the edema inducing activity of all the PLA2 enzymes studied. Since it inhibits hyaluronidase and proteases enzyme activity from snake venom PCF water extract is a powerful neutralizing agent, which has therapeutic application against venom toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish K Murari
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
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25
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Abstract
The inhibitors of hyaluronidase present in mammalian sera, first described half a century ago, have remained uncharacterized. Because of increased interest in hyaluronidases and their hyaluronan substrate, a study of these inhibitors was undertaken recently. The predominant serum inhibitor is magnesium-dependent and is eliminated by protease or chondroitinase digestion, and by heat. Kinetics of inhibition are similar against hyaluronidases from testis, snake and bee venom. The inhibitor has no effect on Streptomyces hyaluronidase; indicating inhibition is not through protection of the hyaluronan substrate. Circulating inhibition levels are increased in mice following carbon tetrachloride or interleukin-1 injection, inducers of the acute-phase response. Reverse hyaluronan gel zymography reveals a predominant band of 120 kDa relative molecular size. Additional studies indicate that the inhibitor resembles a member of the Kunitz type inter-alpha-inhibitor family. Inhibition of hyaluronidase activity is observed using purified inter-alpha-inhibitor and is reversed by antibodies specific for inter-alpha-inhibitor. This molecule, found in the hyaluronan-rich cumulus mass surrounding mammalian ova and the pericellular coat of fibroblasts and mesothelial cells, may function to stabilize such matrices by protecting against hyaluronidase degradation. Turnover of circulating hyaluronan is extraordinarily rapid, with a half-life of two to five min. Prompt increases in levels of serum hyaluronan occur in patients with shock, septicemia or massive burns, increases that may be partly attributed to suppression by these acute phase reactants of the constant and rapid rates of hyaluronan degradation by hyaluronidase. A literature survey of other hyaluronidase inhibitors is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Mio
- Lion Corporation, Life Science Research Center, Kanagawa 256-0811, Japan
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26
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Liao S, Kao YH, Hiipakka RA. Green tea: biochemical and biological basis for health benefits. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2001; 62:1-94. [PMID: 11345896 DOI: 10.1016/s0083-6729(01)62001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Liao
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Ben May Institute for Cancer Research, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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27
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Suzuki A, Toyoda H, Toida T, Imanari T. Preparation and inhibitory activity on hyaluronidase of fully O-sulfated hyaluro-oligosaccharides. Glycobiology 2001; 11:57-64. [PMID: 11181562 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/11.1.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan was partially depolymerized on a large-scale quantity using bacterial hyaluronidase (E.C. 4.2.2.1) for preparation of chemically fully O-sulfated oligosaccharides. The hyaluro-oligosaccharide (HAoligo) mixture obtained by partial digestion was repeatedly applied to low pressure gel permeation chromatographic separation to purify the size-unified oligosaccharide ranged from 4- to 20-mer. The purity and size of each HAoligo was confirmed by using proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) spectroscopy, capillary electrophoresis (CE) on normal polarity mode, and a newly established separation method by normal phase chromatography with Amide-80 column. The purified HAoligos ranged 4- to 20-mer were applied to chemically fully O-sulfation. Characterization of chemically fully O-sulfated HAoligos was performed by both chemical compositional analyses after hydrolysis and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. While the anti-factor IIa activity of 4- to 20-mer O-sulfated HAoligos was less than 3.1 units/mg, the inhibitory action for hyaluronidase (bovine testicular hyaluronidase (E.C.3.2.1.35)) of the oligosaccharides ranged 16- to 20-mer were corresponding to 79% of that shown by fully O-sulfated hyaluronan (MW 100 kDa) through both competitive and noncompetitive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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28
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Mio K, Stern R. Reverse hyaluronan substrate gel zymography procedure for the detection of hyaluronidase inhibitors. Glycoconj J 2000; 17:761-6. [PMID: 11443277 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010928523877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Little is known of the ubiquitous inhibitors of hyaluronidase, molecules that may be important for the deposition of hyaluronan. A reverse hyaluronan-substrate gel procedure is described here that detects such inhibitors, even in crude biological extracts, and is independent of the catalytic mechanism of the target enzyme. Following electrophoresis, hyaluronan-containing gels are incubated in a hyaluronidase solution. Alcian blue-staining bands indicate hyaluronan protected from degradation and the location of hyaluronidase inhibitors. Coordinated use of hyaluronan substrate gel and reverse substrate gel procedures provides estimates of the number and relative molecular sizes of both enzymes and their inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mio
- Lion Corporation, Kanagawa, 256-0811, Japan
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29
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Mio K, Carrette O, Maibach HI, Stern R. Evidence that the serum inhibitor of hyaluronidase may be a member of the inter-alpha-inhibitor family. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:32413-21. [PMID: 10908571 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m005428200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A study of the uncharacterized serum inhibitors of hyaluronidase, first described half a century ago, was undertaken. Activity was measured against bovine testicular hyaluronidase using a microtiter-based assay and reverse hyaluronan substrate gel zymography. The predominant inhibitory activity was magnesium-dependent and could be eliminated by protease or chondroitinase digestion and by heat treatment. Kinetics of inhibition were similar against hyaluronidases from testis and snake and bee venoms. The inhibitor had no effect on Streptomyces hyaluronidase, indicating that inhibition was not through protection of the hyaluronan substrate. Inhibition levels in serum were increased in mice following carbon tetrachloride or interleukin-1 injection, inducers of the acute-phase response. Reverse zymography identified a predominant band of 120-kDa relative molecular size, with two bands of greater and one of smaller size. The predominant protein was tentatively identified as a member of the inter-alpha-inhibitor family. Inhibition was also observed using either purified inter-alpha-inhibitor or an inter-alpha-inhibitor-related 120-kDa complex. Inter-alpha-inhibitor, found in the hyaluronan-rich cumulus mass surrounding mammalian ova and the coat of fibroblasts and mesothelial cells, may function to stabilize such matrices by protecting against hyaluronidase degradation. Turnover of circulating hyaluronan is extraordinarily rapid, with a half-life of 2-5 min. Prompt increases in levels of serum hyaluronan occur in patients with shock, septicemia, or massive burns, increases that can be attributed, in part, to suppression of degradation by these acute-phase reactants, the inhibitors of hyaluronidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mio
- Lion Corporation, Life Science Research Center, Kanagawa, 256-0811 Japan
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30
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IPPOUSHI K, YAMAGUCHI Y, ITOU H, AZUMA K, HIGASHIO H. Evaluation of Inhibitory Effects of Vegetables and Herbs on Hyaluronidase and Identification of Rosmarinic Acid as a Hyaluronidase Inhibitor in Lemon Balm(Melissa officinalis L.). FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2000. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.6.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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31
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Vercruysse KP, Ziebell MR, Prestwich GD. Control of enzymatic degradation of hyaluronan by divalent cations. Carbohydr Res 1999; 318:26-37. [PMID: 10515049 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(99)00087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic degradation of hyaluronan (HA) by testicular hyaluronidase (HAase, hyaluronate 4-glucanohydrolase) requires inclusion of mono- or divalent cations in the reaction mixture. Most divalent cations activated HAase with equal potency; however, Cu2+ suppressed degradation, and Ca2+ showed a concentration-dependent regulation of size of the oligosaccharide products. Careful selection of HAase assay parameters is critical for discovery of novel HAase inhibitors and for preparation of controlled-size oligosaccharide fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Vercruysse
- University of Utah, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Salt Lake City 84112-5820, USA
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