1
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Ham Y, Kim TJ. Synergistic inhibitory activity of Glycyrrhizae Radix and Rubi Fructus extracts on biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:22. [PMID: 36709283 PMCID: PMC9883881 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03861-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus mutans is a bacterium that causes oral diseases. Plaque, a biofilm produced by S. mutans and other bacteria, makes it difficult to remove cariogenic oral microorganisms, including biofilm producers. Glucan synthesis by glucosyltransferase is one of the mechanisms underlying plaque formation. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of inhibiting biofilm formation by interfering with the glucosyltransferase activity of S. mutans using edible herbal medicines. METHODS This study investigated the inhibitory activity of Glycyrrhizae Radix extract, Rubi Fructus extract, glycyrrhizin from Glycyrrhizae Radix, and ellagic acid from Rubi Fructus against glucosyltransferase activity of S. mutans. Enzyme kinetic analysis identified the mechanism by which glycyrrhizin and ellagic acid inhibit enzyme activity. RESULTS The conditions for synergistically inhibiting biofilm formation by combining Glycyrrhizae Radix and Rubi Fructus extracts were identified. Biofilm formation was also synergistically inhibited by mixing their respective active constituents, glycyrrhizin and ellagic acid. Glycyrrhizin and ellagic acid inhibited glucosyltransferase via noncompetitive and uncompetitive mechanisms, respectively, indicating that they inhibit it via distinct mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS This study presents an effective oral hygiene method using the synergistic activity of two natural plant extracts to inhibit biofilm formation through different inhibitory mechanisms against glucosyltransferase of S. mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngseok Ham
- grid.91443.3b0000 0001 0788 9816Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02707 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jong Kim
- grid.91443.3b0000 0001 0788 9816Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02707 Republic of Korea
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2
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Inhibitory Effect of Phenolic Acids in Rubus coreanus on Glucosyltransferase of Streptococcus mutans. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:3695-3703. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02179-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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3
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Kim MJ, Jung US, Lee JS, Jeon SW, Kim WS, An BK, Kim EJ, Wang T, Kim BY, Im JT, Lee HG. Effects of dietary phytoncides extracted from Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) cone on performance, egg quality, gut microflora, and immune response in laying hens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 102:1220-1231. [PMID: 29953673 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary phytoncides extracted from discarded Korean pine cones (Pinus koraiensis) on the performance, egg quality, immune response and gut microflora in laying hens. A total of 400 Hy-Line brown laying hens (50-week old) were allotted into four dietary treatments including a control diet or a diet supplemented with phytoncides at 0.002%, 0.004% and 0.008%. During the 6 weeks of experimental feeding, 0.008% of dietary phytoncides improved egg production, feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05), but not feed intake, egg weight or feed efficiency. Although dietary phytoncides had no effect on egg quality, decreases in Haugh units depending on storage periods were improved by 0.008% of dietary phytoncides (p < 0.05). To investigate the roles of dietary phytoncides on the alteration of the immune response during inflammation, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline was intraperitoneally injected into 10 hens per diet group on the end date of the experimental feeding period. Serum immunoglobulins and splenic cytokine expression at mRNA levels were then measured at 4 hr postinjection. Although the levels of IgA were decreased by LPS injection in all dietary groups, dietary phytoncides at 0.008% showed a higher level of IgA by LPS (p < 0.05). Interestingly, although LPS injection resulted in an enhanced expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6, dietary phytoncides at 0.008% showed less increased levels of them (p < 0.05). Gut microflora was examined from 10 hens per diet group at the end of the experimental period. While the number of Lactobacillus spp. was increased (p < 0.05), Escherichia coli counts in the cecal contents were decreased by 0.008% of dietary phytoncides. Taken together, these results demonstrate that dietary supplementation of 0.008% phytoncides improved the egg production, immune responses during inflammation and gut microflora in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jeong Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - U-Suk Jung
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.,Team of an Educational Program for Specialists in Global Animal Science, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Jeon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Seob Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.,Team of an Educational Program for Specialists in Global Animal Science, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung-Ki An
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Jib Kim
- Division of Animal Husbandry, Yonam College, Cheonan, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, China
| | | | - Jin-Taek Im
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hong-Gu Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.,Team of an Educational Program for Specialists in Global Animal Science, Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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4
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Xia SF, Shao J, Zhao SY, Qiu YY, Teng LP, Huang W, Wang SS, Cheng XR, Jiang YY. Niga-ichigoside F1 ameliorates high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in male mice by Nrf2 activation. Food Funct 2018; 9:906-916. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01051f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Niga-ichigoside F1 ameliorated high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis by increasing Nrf2 nuclear translocation to regulate lipid metabolism genes expression in livers of C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fang Xia
- Wuxi School of Medicine
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Jing Shao
- Wuxi School of Medicine
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Shu-Ying Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Yu-Yu Qiu
- Wuxi School of Medicine
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Li-Ping Teng
- Wuxi School of Medicine
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Wei Huang
- Wuxi School of Medicine
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | | | - Xiang-Rong Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food
| | - Yu-Yu Jiang
- Wuxi School of Medicine
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
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5
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Dimitrova L, Zaharieva MM, Popova M, Kostadinova N, Tsvetkova I, Bankova V, Najdenski H. Antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of different solvent extracts of the medicinal plant Geum urbanum L. Chem Cent J 2017; 11:113. [PMID: 29116480 PMCID: PMC5676587 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-017-0343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many Geum species are known to be rich in biologically active compounds and therefore could be a source of new natural products with pharmacological potential. The medicinal plant Geum urbanum L. is widespread in Bulgaria and has been used in folk medicine. In the present study, the methanol extracts of the roots and aerial parts of G. urbanum and their fractions (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) were investigated for antibacterial and radical scavenging activity. The ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions inhibited the growth of Gram-positive pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria from the genus Staphylococcus (MIC EtOAc: 0.078 mg/ml aerial and 0.156 mg/ml roots; MIC n-BuOH: 0.156 mg/ml aerial and 1.25 mg/ml roots) and the species Bacillus cereus stronger than the other extracts and fractions tested (MIC EtOAc: 0.078 mg/ml aerial and 0.156 mg/ml roots; MIC n-BuOH: 0.156 mg/ml aerial and 0.078 mg/ml roots), and showed corresponding radical scavenging activity (EtOAc: EC50 1.5 µg/ml aerial, 0.8 µg/ml roots; n-BuOH: 4.5 µg/ml aerial; 3.7 µg/ml roots). Additionally, their total phenolic content was quantified (% of dry EtOAc fractions of roots 61%, of arial parts 32%; of dry n-BuOH fractions of roots 16%, of arial parts 13%). Seven compounds were isolated and identified spectroscopically from the ethyl acetate extract. Two acetylated ellagic acid rhamnosides were found for the first time in the genus Geum and three others, tormentic acid, niga-ichigoside F1, and 3,3'-di-O-methylellagic acid-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, were newly detected for the species G. urbanum. Our results reveal that G. urbanum L. is a perspective medicinal plant and deserves further, more detailed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Dimitrova
- Department of Infectious Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl. 26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maya M. Zaharieva
- Department of Infectious Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl. 26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Popova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl.9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nedelina Kostadinova
- Department of Infectious Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl. 26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iva Tsvetkova
- Department of Infectious Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl. 26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vassya Bankova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl.9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Hristo Najdenski
- Department of Infectious Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl. 26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Youn HJ, Kim KB, Han HS, An IS, Ahn KJ. 23-Hydroxytormentic acid protects human dermal fibroblasts by attenuating UVA-induced oxidative stress. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2017; 33:92-100. [PMID: 28106292 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet A (UVA), one of the major components of sunlight, can penetrate the dermal layer of the skin and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). It causes alterations in the dermal connective tissue and gene expression, inflammation, photoaging, and DNA damage. AIMS Therefore, the harmful effects of UVA and strategies to reduce it have been consistently investigated. 23-Hydroxytormentic acid (23-HTA) has been demonstrated to improve drug-induced nephrotoxicity and exhibit several free radical scavenging effects with other molecules. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and extracellular matrix (ECM) reconstructive activity of 23-HTA in UVA-irradiated normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The antioxidant capacity of 23-HTA was determined by examining its scavenging activities against hydrogen peroxide, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), and diphenylpicrylhydrazyl in vitro. Its effect on cell viability was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tertazolium bromide, and 2,7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate was used to investigate intracellular ROS scavenging activity. The mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes and pro-inflammatory cytokines were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. A senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining kit was used to assess senescent cells. RESULTS 23-HTA showed antioxidant capacity mediated by ROS scavenging and regulation of antioxidant-related gene expression. Further, the SA-β-gal analysis and mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinases and type I procollagen suggested that 23-HTA regulates the gene expression of ECM proteins and cellular senescence under UVA-irradiated conditions. CONCLUSION In conclusion, 23-HTA protects against and attenuates UVA-induced oxidative stress in NHDFs likely via the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Jeong Youn
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Bbeum Kim
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences, GeneCellPharm Corporation, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Hyo-Sun Han
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences, GeneCellPharm Corporation, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - In-Sook An
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences, GeneCellPharm Corporation, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Kyu Joong Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Choi GJ, Kang H, Kim WJ, Baek CW, Jung YH, Woo YC, Kwon JW. Rubus occidentalis alleviates hyperalgesia induced by repeated intramuscular injection of acidic saline in rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:202. [PMID: 27400712 PMCID: PMC4940828 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1192-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) fruit extract (ROE) in a rat model of chronic muscle pain and examine the mechanisms involved. Methods Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were used, and chronic muscle pain was induced by two injections of acidic saline into one gastrocnemius muscle. For the first experiment, 50 rats were randomly assigned to five groups. After the development of hyperalgesia, rats were injected intraperitoneally with 0.9 % saline or ROE (10, 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg). For the second experiment, 70 rats were randomly assigned to seven groups. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with saline, yohimbine, dexmedetomidine, prazosin, atropine, mecamylamine, or naloxone after the development of hyperalgesia. Ten minutes later, ROE (300 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. For both experiments, the mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) was evaluated with von Frey filaments before the first acidic saline injection, 24 h after the second injection, and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 80, 100, and 120 min, 24 and 48 h after the drug administration. Results Compared with the control group, the MWT significantly increased up to 45 min after injection of ROE 100 mg/kg and up to 60 min after injection of ROE 300 mg/kg, respectively. Injection of ROE together with yohimbine or mecamylamine significantly decreased the MWT compared with the effect of ROE alone, while ROE together with dexmedetomidine significantly increased the MWT. Conclusions ROE showed antinociceptive activity against induced chronic muscle pain, which may be mediated by α2-adrenergic and nicotinic cholinergic receptors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1192-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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8
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Nesello LAN, Campos A, Wagner T, Feliciano AS, de Campos Buzzi F, Filho VC. Chemical Composition and Antinociceptive Potential of Campomanesia reitziana Fruits. J Med Food 2016; 19:518-20. [PMID: 27104741 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The methanolic extract from Campomanesia reitziana fruits and the main active principle, identified as 4',6'-dihydroxy-3',5'-dimethyl-2'-methoxy chalcone or dimethyl cardamonin (1), exhibited pronounced antinociceptive effects against two models of pain in mice. Compound 1 caused dose-dependent inhibition of abdominal constrictions, with a calculated ID50 value of 8.1 (6.5-10.1) μmol/kg (i.p.), being about 16-fold more potent than two reference analgesic drugs. Methanolic extract and 1 were also effective against the formalin model, inhibiting both phases of pain, causing reductions of 39.9% and 26.8% (extract, 10 mg/kg) and 52.9% and 57.6% (compound 1, 5 mg/kg) for the first and second phases, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane Angela Nottar Nesello
- 1 Post Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemical-Investigations Center (NIQFAR), University of Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI , Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Adriana Campos
- 1 Post Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemical-Investigations Center (NIQFAR), University of Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI , Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Theodoro Wagner
- 1 Post Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemical-Investigations Center (NIQFAR), University of Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI , Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Arturo San Feliciano
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, CIETUS-IBSAL, University of Salamanca , Salamanca, Spain
| | - Fátima de Campos Buzzi
- 1 Post Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemical-Investigations Center (NIQFAR), University of Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI , Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- 1 Post Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemical-Investigations Center (NIQFAR), University of Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI , Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Ge Y, Wang Y, Chen P, Wang Y, Hou C, Wu Y, Zhang M, Li L, Huo C, Shi Q, Gao H. Polyhydroxytriterpenoids and Phenolic Constituents from Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl Leaves. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:125-131. [PMID: 26694205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl leaves have been consumed in China as a health-promoting functional tea for centuries. Three new polyhydroxytriterpenoid glycosides named suspensanosides A-C (1-3), seven known polyhydroxytriterpenoids (4-10), and 12 known phenolics (11-22) were identified from F. suspensa leaves. Compounds 1-10, 15-17, and 22 have not been found in the Forsythia genus previously, whereas compound 14 was first reported to be isolated from the leaves of F. suspensa. All isolates were tested for their antiproliferative activities on BGC-823 and MCF-7 human tumor cell lines, whereas all phenolics were further investigated for their antioxidant activities by a DPPH assay. The results clearly demonstrate that triterpenoids, especially ursane-type triterpenoids, and the diverse phenolic components are crucial for the beneficial effects of F. suspensa leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yazhen Wang
- Medical Examination Center, Hebei General Hospital , Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Pingping Chen
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine , Shijiazhuang 050200, China
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10
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Kim MS, Kang DK, Shin WC, Sohn HY. Anti-microbial, Anti-oxidant, and Anti-thrombosis Activities of the Lees of Bokbunja Wine (Rubus coreanus Miquel). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2015.25.7.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Tolentino F, Araújo PAD, Marques EDS, Petreanu M, Andrade SFD, Niero R, Perazzo FF, Rosa PCP, Maistro EL. In vivo evaluation of the genetic toxicity of Rubus niveus Thunb. (Rosaceae) extract and initial screening of its potential chemoprevention against doxorubicin-induced DNA damage. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 164:89-95. [PMID: 25681544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rubus niveus Thunb. plant belongs to Rosaceae family and have been used traditionally to treat wounds, burns, inflammation, dysentery, diarrhea and for curing excessive bleeding during menstrual cycle. The present study was undertaken to investigate the in vivo genotoxicity of Rubus niveus aerial parts extract and its possible chemoprotection on doxorubicin (DXR)-induced DNA damage. In parallel, the main phytochemicals constituents in the extract were determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS The animals were exposed to the extract for 24 and 48 h, and the doses selected were 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg b.w. administered by gavage alone or prior to DXR (30 mg/kg b.w.) administered by intraperitoneal injection. The endpoints analyzed were DNA damage in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells assessed by the alkaline alkaline (pH>13) comet assay and bone marrow micronucleus test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The results of chemical analysis of the extract showed the presence of tormentic acid, stigmasterol, quercitinglucoronide (miquelianin) and niga-ichigoside F1 as main compounds. Both cytogenetic endpoints analyzed showed that there were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) between the negative control and the treated groups with the two higher doses of Rubus niveus extract alone, demonstrating absence of genotoxic and mutagenic effects. Aneugenic/clastogenic effect was observed only at 2000 mg/kg dose. On the other hand, in the both assays and all tested doses were observed a significant reduction of DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations in all groups co-treated with DXR and extract compared to those which received only DXR. These results indicate that Rubus niveus aerial parts extract did not revealed any genotoxic effect, but presented some aneugenic/clastogenic effect at higher dose; and suggest that it could be a potential adjuvant against development of second malignant neoplasms caused by the cancer chemotherapic DXR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Tolentino
- Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Marília 17525-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila Alves de Araújo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Marília 17525-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de Souza Marques
- Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Marília 17525-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcel Petreanu
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Faloni de Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Rivaldo Niero
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Fábio F Perazzo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo César Pires Rosa
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas-UNICAMP, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson Luis Maistro
- Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Marília 17525-900, SP, Brazil.
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Davies SG, Kennewell PD, Russell AJ, Seden PT, Westwood R, Wynne GM. Stemistry: the control of stem cells in situ using chemistry. J Med Chem 2015; 58:2863-94. [PMID: 25590360 DOI: 10.1021/jm500838d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A new paradigm for drug research has emerged, namely the deliberate search for molecules able to selectively affect the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of adult stem cells within the tissues in which they exist. Recently, there has been significant interest in medicinal chemistry toward the discovery and design of low molecular weight molecules that affect stem cells and thus have novel therapeutic activity. We believe that a successful agent from such a discover program would have profound effects on the treatment of many long-term degenerative disorders. Among these conditions are examples such as cardiovascular decay, neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease, and macular degeneration, all of which have significant unmet medical needs. This perspective will review evidence from the literature that indicates that discovery of such agents is achievable and represents a worthwhile pursuit for the skills of the medicinal chemist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen G Davies
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Peter D Kennewell
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Angela J Russell
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.,‡Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, U.K
| | - Peter T Seden
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Robert Westwood
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Graham M Wynne
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
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Shin JS, Cho EJ, Choi HE, Seo JH, An HJ, Park HJ, Cho YW, Lee KT. Anti-inflammatory effect of a standardized triterpenoid-rich fraction isolated from Rubus coreanus on dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute colitis in mice and LPS-induced macrophages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 158 Pt A:291-300. [PMID: 25446582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rubus coreanus Miquel (Rosaceae), the Korean black raspberry, has traditionally been used to treat inflammatory diseases including diarrhea, asthma, stomach ailment, and cancer. Although previous studies showed that the 19α-hydroxyursane-type triterpenoids isolated from Rubus coreanus exerted anti-inflammatory activities, their effects on ulcerative colitis and mode of action have not been explored. This study was designed to assess the anti-inflammatory effects and the molecular mechanisms involving19α-hydroxyursane-type triterpenoid-rich fraction from Rubus coreanus (TFRC) on a mice model of colitis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental colitis was induced by DSS for 7 days in ICR mice. Disease activity indices (DAI) took into account body weight, stool consistency, and gross bleeding. Histological changes and macrophage accumulation were observed by immunohistochemical analysis. Pro-inflammatory markers were determined using immunoassays, RT-PCR, and real time PCR. Signaling pathway involving nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activation was determined by luciferase assay and Western blotting. RESULTS In DSS-induced colitis mice, TFRC improved DAIs and pathological characteristics including colon shortening and colonic epithelium injury. TFRC suppressed tissue levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced macrophage infiltration into colonic tissues. In LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages, TFRC inhibited the production of NO, PGE2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines by down-regulating the activation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling. CONCLUSION The study demonstrates that TFRC has potent anti-inflammatory effects on DSS-induced colonic injury and LPS-induced macrophage activation, and supports its possible therapeutic and preventive roles in colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Sun Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Reactive Oxygen Species Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eu-Jin Cho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Eun Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyung Seo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Sangji University, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Juhn Park
- Department of Botanical Resources, Sangji University, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Wuk Cho
- Reactive Oxygen Species Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Choi MR, Lee MY, Hong JE, Kim JE, Lee JY, Kim TH, Chun JW, Shin HK, Kim EJ. Rubus coreanus Miquel Ameliorates Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairments in ICR Mice. J Med Food 2014; 17:1049-56. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.3004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ran Choi
- Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Hong
- Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Kim
- Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Lee
- Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Tae Hwan Kim
- Research and Development Center, Hitejinro Co. Ltd., Hongcheon, Korea
| | - Jang Woo Chun
- Research and Development Center, Hitejinro Co. Ltd., Hongcheon, Korea
| | | | - Eun Ji Kim
- Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Moniruzzaman M, Imam MZ. Evaluation of antinociceptive effect of methanolic extract of leaves of Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:354. [PMID: 25248349 PMCID: PMC4182810 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham. (Family: Capparidaceae) is widely used as anti-inflammatory, contraceptive, laxative, lithotropic, febrifuge and as tonic in traditional medicine. This study evaluated the antinociceptive effect of the methanolic extract of the leaves of Crataeva nurvala (MECN). METHODS The antinociceptive activity was investigated using heat-induced (hot-plate and tail-immersion test) and chemical-induced (acetic acid, formalin and glutamic acid) nociception models in mice at different doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) of MECN. Morphine sulphate (5 mg/kg, i.p.) and diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg, i. p.) were used as reference analgesic drugs. RESULTS MECN produced significant dose-dependent antinociception when assessed using hot plate test, tail immersion test and acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test (65.55%). Likewise, MECN at similar doses produced significant dose-dependent inhibition in both neurogenic (50.82%) and inflammatory pain (73.53%) induced by intraplantar injection of formalin (2.5% formalin, 20 μl/paw). Besides, MECN also significantly inhibited the glutamate-induced (10 μM/paw) pain in mice (74.68%). It was demonstrated that pretreatment with naloxone (2 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reversed antinociception produced by MECN in hot plate and tail immersion test suggesting the involvement of opioid receptor. In addition, administration of glibenclamide (10 mg/kg, i.p.), an ATP-sensitive K+ channel antagonist could not reverse antinociceptive activity induced by MECN. CONCLUSION The results suggest that MECN possesses antinociceptive activity involving inhibition of opioid system as well as the glutamatergic system supporting its traditional uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Moniruzzaman
- />College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang, 410-820 Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Zafar Imam
- />Department of Pharmacy, Stamford University Bangladesh, 51 Siddeswari Road, Dhaka, 1217 Bangladesh
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Two novel glycosyl cinnamic and benzoic acids from korean black raspberry (Rubus coreanus) wine. Food Sci Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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17
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Jeong MY, Kim HL, Park J, Jung Y, Youn DH, Lee JH, Jin JS, So HS, Park R, Kim SH, Kim SJ, Hong SH, Um JY. Rubi Fructus (Rubus coreanus) activates the expression of thermogenic genes in vivo and in vitro. Int J Obes (Lond) 2014; 39:456-64. [PMID: 25109782 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2014.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-obesity effect of Rubi Fructus (RF) extract using brown adipose tissue (BAT) and primary brown preadipocytes in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Male C57BL/6 J mice (n=5 per group) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks with or without RF. Brown preadipocytes from the interscapular BAT of mice (age, post-natal days 1-3) were cultured with differentiation media (DM) including isobutylmethylxanthine, dexamethasone, T3, indomethacin and insulin with or without RF. RESULTS In HFD-induced obese C57BL/6 J mice, long-term RF treatment significantly reduced weight gain as well as the weights of the white adipose tissue, liver and spleen. Serum levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were also reduced in the HFD group which received RF treatment. Furthermore, RF induced thermogenic-, adipogenic- and mitochondria-related gene expressions in BAT. In primary brown adipocytes, RF effectively stimulated the expressions of thermogenic- and mitochondria-related genes. In addition, to examine whether LIPIN1, a regulator of adipocyte differentiation, is regulated by RF, Lipin1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) and RF were pretreated in primary brown adipocytes. Pretreatment with Lipin1 siRNA and RF downregulated the DM-induced expression levels of thermogenic- and mitochondria-related genes. Moreover, RF markedly upregulated AMP-activated protein kinase. Our study shows that RF is capable of stimulating the differentiation of brown adipocytes through the modulation of thermogenic genes. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that RF prevents the development of obesity in mice fed with a HFD and that it is also capable of stimulating the differentiation of brown adipocytes through the modulation of thermogenic genes, which suggests that RF has potential as a therapeutic application for the treatment or prevention of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Jeong
- 1] Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea [2] College of Korean Medicine, Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H L Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Youn
- College of Korean Medicine, Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J S Jin
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, College of Environmental & Bioresources Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - H S So
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - R Park
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Hanny University, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - S H Hong
- Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - J Y Um
- College of Korean Medicine, Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Chemopreventive Effects ofRubus coreanusMiquel on Prostate Cancer. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 76:737-44. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Kim CR, Choi SJ, Oh SS, Kwon YK, Lee NY, Park GG, Kim YJ, Heo HJ, Jun WJ, Park CS, Shin DH. Rubus coreanus Miquel inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity and prevents cognitive impairment in a mouse model of dementia. J Med Food 2014; 16:785-92. [PMID: 24044488 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.2663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To find acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors for the prevention of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, ethanol extracts of promising traditional edible Korean plants were tested. Among them, Rubus coreanus Miquel extract exhibited the most significant AChE inhibitory activity. The effect of R. coreanus extract on trimethyltin-induced memory impairment in mice was investigated using Y-maze and passive avoidance tests. Our results showed that administration of R. coreanus extract significantly improved alternation behavior and step-through latency. In addition, R. coreanus extract was sequentially fractionated, and the purified constituent was determined to be 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho Rong Kim
- 1 Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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Jeong HJ, Kim MG, Kim JH, Kim HM. Anti-nociceptive effect of aspirin-pharmaceutical acupuncture in animal models. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(14)50103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Silva Júnior ADJ, de Campos-Buzzi F, Romanos MTV, Wagner TM, Guimarães AFDPC, Filho VC, Batista R. Chemical composition and antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities of Gallesia gorazema (Phytolaccaceae), a potential candidate for novel anti-herpetic phytomedicines. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:595-600. [PMID: 24051024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional medicine, teas made from leaves and bark of Gallesia gorazema are used as antispasmodic, anthelmintic, antihemorrhagic and febrifuge agents. Crude leaves of this plant are also employed as a remedy in the treatment of abscesses, orchitis, gonorrhea and for rheumatic pain relief. this study investigates the presumed antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of leaves and roots Gallesia gorazema (Phytolaccaceae) extracts. The most active extract and its isolated compound, a new natural product, are also evaluated against viruses HSV-1 and HSV-2. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo experiments with mice were used to assess the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Gallesia gorazema extracts. Antiviral activity of extracts and the new natural product was investigated by in vitro experiments. RESULTS Results show that dichloromethanic root (DRE) and ethanolic leaf (ELE) extracts displayed significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in in vivo experiments with mice. Both extracts were also assayed against the herpes simplex viruses HSV-1 and HSV-2, but only DRE was highly active, showing a selective antiviral effect against HSV-1. Phytochemical fractionation of DRE led to the isolation of 28-hydroxyoctacosyl ferulate, a novel natural product, which displayed strong antiviral activity against HSV-1 (EC₅₀=21.6 μg/mL) with a selective index above 9, justifying, at least in part, the high selective antiviral activity observed for DRE. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the plant Gallesia gorazema is a potential candidate for the development of novel anti-herpetic phytomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademir de Jesus Silva Júnior
- Departamento de Estudos Básicos e Instrumentais, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
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22
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Lee DY, Heo S, Kim SG, Choi HK, Lee HJ, Cho SM, Auh JH. Metabolomic characterization of the region- and maturity-specificity of Rubus coreanus Miquel (Bokbunja). Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Rubi Fructus (Rubus coreanus) Inhibits Differentiation to Adipocytes in 3T3-L1 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:475386. [PMID: 24288561 PMCID: PMC3832965 DOI: 10.1155/2013/475386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Rubi Fructus (RF) is known to exert several pharmacological effects including antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its antiobesity effect has not been reported yet. This study was focused on the antidifferentiation effect of RF extract on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. When 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiating into adipocytes, 10-100 μ g/mL of RF was added. Next, the lipid contents were quantified by Oil Red O staining. RF significantly reduced lipid accumulation and downregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR γ ), CCAAT0-enhancer-binding proteins α (C/EBP α ), adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein 2 (aP2), resistin, and adiponectin in ways that were concentration dependent. Moreover, RF markedly upregulated liver kinase B1 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Interestingly, pretreatment with AMPK α siRNA and RF downregulated the expression of PPAR γ and C/EBP α protein as well as the adipocyte differentiation. Our study shows that RF is capable of inhibiting the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the modulation of PPAR γ , C/EBP α , and AMPK, suggesting that it has a potential for therapeutic application in the treatment or prevention of obesity.
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Change in the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity during manufacturing of black raspberry (Rubus coreanus Miq.) wine. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0207-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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25
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Bhandary B, Lee GH, Marahatta A, Lee HY, Kim SY, So BO, Kwon JW, Song JY, Lee HK, Kim HR, Chae SW, Chae HJ. Water extracts of immature Rubus coreanus regulate lipid metabolism in liver cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 35:1907-13. [PMID: 23123463 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a major contributor for atherosclerosis and hypolipidemic drugs such as statin are highly prescribed to treat elevated lipid level in plasma. Rubus coreanus, which is widely cultivated in south eastern Asia, have been reported to show significant cholesterol lowering action in hyperlipidemic subjects. Our objective was to determine the cellular effect of Rubus coreanus extract (RCE) on cholesterol biosynthesis in human hepatic cells (HepG2) and to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which it causes change in cholesterol metabolism. RCE treatment lowered cholesterol biosynthesis as well as secretion from HepG2 cells. This effect was associated with lowering the release of apolipoproteins from hepatic cells. RCE treatment also showed an increase in phosphorylation of foxhead box protein 01 (FoXo-1) and 5-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), thus lowering expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and G6Pase, which might be a major pathway for cholesterol biosynthesis inhibition. Apart from this; RCE also lowered sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) expression in HepG2 cells, showing a long term regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis activity. These results indicate that one of the anti-hyperlipidemic actions of RCE is due to inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis in hepatic cells and provides first documentation of a hypolipidemic bio-molecular action of Rubus coreanus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidur Bhandary
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561–180, Republic of Korea
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26
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Bhandary B, Lee HY, Back HI, Park SH, Kim MG, Kwon JW, Song JY, Lee HK, Kim HR, Chae SW, Chae HJ. Immature Rubus coreanus Shows a Free Radical-Scavenging Effect and Inhibits Cholesterol Synthesis and Secretion in Liver Cells. Indian J Pharm Sci 2013; 74:211-6. [PMID: 23440938 PMCID: PMC3574530 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.106062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubus coreanus fruits have been employed as a traditional medicine for centuries in the Asia-Pacific region. Its pharmacological action differs according to the different extraction methods utilized and the degree of fruit ripening. In this study, we determined the cellular effect of different ethanol extracts of mature and immature Rubus coreanus fruits in human hepatic cell line, HepG2 cells. The antioxidant activity, effect on superoxide dismutase activity and cholesterol biosynthesis efficiency was also evaluated. Immature Rubus coreanus extract showed higher antioxidant capability, compared with that of its mature fractions. Cellular antioxidant proteins including HO-1, Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase and catalase were highly expressed in the presence of Rubus coreanus. Cholesterol levels in HepG2 cells treated with the water fraction of immature Rubus coreanus were significantly reduced. This antihyperlipidaemic action of Rubus coreanus is a consequence of cholesterol biosynthesis and extracellular secretion in HepG2 cells. These results indicate that among different ethanol fraction of mature and immature Rubus coreanus fruit extracts, water extract of immature fruit extract shows higher antioxidant as well as higher antihyperlipidaemic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bhandary
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-565 701, Republic of Korea
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Kim SK, Kim H, Kim SA, Park HK, Kim W. Anti-inflammatory and anti-superbacterial activity of polyphenols isolated from black raspberry. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 17:73-9. [PMID: 23440625 PMCID: PMC3579108 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.1.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The fruit of the black raspberry (Rubus coreanus Miquel) has been employed in traditional medicine, and recent studies have demonstrated its measureable biological activities. However, the root of the black raspberry has not been studied. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of the root and unripe fruit polyphenols of the black raspberry. Both polyphenols proved to have anti-inflammatory activity as evidenced by the decreased nitric oxide (NO), cytokines (IL-1β , IL-6, and IL-10) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. However, root polyphenols showed stronger anti-inflammatory activity than fruit polyphenols. LPS-induced mRNA and protein expressions of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 levels were also decreased, confirming the anti-inflammatory activity. Root polyphenols showed lethal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), and Bacillus anthracis. In contrast, the black raspberry fruit did not demonstrate these properties. These data provide the first demonstration that black raspberry root has potential anti-inflammatory and anti-superbacterial properties that can be exploited as alternatives for use in the food and cosmetic industries and/or as pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Keun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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28
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Jaboticabin and flavonoids from the ripened fruit of black rasberry (Rubus coreanum). Food Sci Biotechnol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-012-0140-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Bhandary B, Lee GH, So BO, Kim SY, Kim MG, Kwon JW, Song JY, Lee HK, Kim HR, Chae SW, Chae HJ. Rubus coreanusInhibits Oxidized-LDL Uptake by Macrophages Through Regulation of JNK Activation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 40:967-78. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x12500711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) contributes to atherosclerosis in part by being taken up into macrophages via scavenger receptors and leading to foam cell formation. Herbal compounds that have been used to treat blood stasis (a counterpart of atherosclerosis) for centuries include extracts of medicinal plants in the Rosaceae and Leguminosae families. In this study, we investigated the effect of the unripe Rubus coreanus (Korean black raspberry) fruit extract on oxLDL uptake by murine macrophage cells. In the presence of Rubus coreanus extract (RCE), Dil-labeled oxLDL uptake was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. SP600125, a specific JNK inhibitor, inhibited the uptake of Dil-oxLDL into macrophages. RCE also inhibited JNK phosphorylation in a time- and dose-dependent manner in macrophages treated with oxLDL. These results indicate that among the mitogen-activated protein kinases, JNK phosphorylation is inhibited by RCE, which is likely the mechanism underlying the RCE-induced inhibition of oxLDL uptake by macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidur Bhandary
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Geum-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Byung-Ok So
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Sun-Young Kim
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Min-Gul Kim
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Ji-Wung Kwon
- Gochang Black Raspberry Research Institute, Gochang-Gun, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Song
- Gochang Black Raspberry Research Institute, Gochang-Gun, Korea
| | - Hee-Kwon Lee
- Gochang Black Raspberry Research Institute, Gochang-Gun, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Dental School, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Soo-Wan Chae
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
- Biosolomon. Inc. Jeonju, Korea
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Bae D, Seol H, Yoon HG, Na JR, Oh K, Choi CY, Lee DW, Jun W, Youl Lee K, Lee J, Hwang K, Lee YH, Kim S. Inhaled essential oil from Chamaecyparis obtuse ameliorates the impairments of cognitive function induced by injection of β-amyloid in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:900-910. [PMID: 22468783 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.642886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. & Zucc., Endlicher (Cupressaceae) forest bathing or aromatherapy has been shown in various studies to have biological functions such as anticancer, antiallergies, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant activity. However, no reports exist on the pharmacological or biological activities of the essential oil of C. obtusa (EOCO) or its effects on central nervous system. OBJECTIVE The aggregation and formation of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) into fibrils are central events in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and overproduction and aggregation of Aβ into oligomers have been known to trigger neurotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the effects of inhaled EOCO on cognitive function and neuronal apoptosis in rats intrahippocampally injected with Aβ. MATERIALS AND METHODS To model AD, 4 μg of aggregated Aβ was injected into the hippocampus. To test the effects of EOCO, behavioral performance in the Morris water maze was tested 4 days after injection. After behavioral testing, brain sections were prepared for TTC staining and TUNEL assay. RESULTS Inhaled EOCO protected spatial learning and memory from the impairments induced by Aβ(1-40) injection. In addition, the behavioral deficits accompanying Aβ(1-40)-induced AD were attenuated by inhalation of EOCO. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and neuronal apoptosis were significantly inhibited in rats treated with Aβ(1-40) and EOCO compared to rats treated only with Aβ(1-40). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION EOCO suppressed both AD-related neuronal cell apoptosis and AD-related dysfunction of the memory system. Thus, the results of this study support EOCO as a candidate drug for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyuck Bae
- Jeollanamdo Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jeollanamdo 529-851, Korea
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Inhibition of inflammations and macrophage activation by ginsenoside-Re isolated from Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:1354-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Antioxidative and aldose reductase-inhibitory effects of a fermentation filtrate of Rubus coreanus. Lab Anim Res 2011; 27:365-8. [PMID: 22232649 PMCID: PMC3251771 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2011.27.4.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidative and aldose reductase (AR)-inhibitory effects of a fermentation filtrate of Rubus coreanus (FRC) were investigated using corneal/retinal homogenate and lens cytosol, respectively. Rat corneal/retinal homogenate was treated with 50 µM FeCl3 in the presence of FRC (3.2-100 µg/mL) for 30 min at 37℃, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) was quantified as a lipid peroxidation parameter. FRC markedly suppressed the TBARS production in a concentration-dependent manner, leading to 50% (IC50) and 100% (IC100) inhibitory concentrations of 20 and 95 µg/mL, respectively, which was similar to the effect of butylated hydroxyanisole. Activity of AR from rat lens was assayed in the presence of FRC (1-31.6 µg/mL) at 25℃ using glyceraldehyde as a substrate. FRC inhibited lens AR by 50% (IC50) and 90% (IC90) at approximately 2 and 31.6 µg/mL, respectively, comparable to the effect of quercetin. The results indicate that ERC could be a promising candidate for the improvement of eye injury and visual dysfunction of dry eye and diabetic patients.
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Sohn SI, Rim HK, Kim YH, Choi JH, Park JH, Park HJ, Choi JW, Kim SD, Jeong SY, Lee KT. The Ameliorative Effect of 23-Hydroxytormentic Acid Isolated from Rubus coreanus on Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:1508-13. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Se-Il Sohn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Hong-Kun Rim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Yang-Hee Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Jae-Hoon Park
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Hee-Juhn Park
- Department of Botanical Resources, Sangji University
| | | | - Soo-dong Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University
| | - Seo-Young Jeong
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
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Kim YH, Choi JH, Rim HK, Kang HJ, Chang SG, Park JH, Park HJ, Choi JW, Kim SD, Lee KT. 23-Hydroxytormentic Acid and Niga-Ichgoside F1 Isolated from Rubus coreanus Attenuate Cisplatin-Induced Cytotoxicity by Reducing Oxidative Stress in Renal Epithelial LLC-PK1 Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:906-11. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hee Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University
| | - Hong-Kun Rim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Hyun-Jun Kang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
| | - Sung-Goo Chang
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Jae-Hoon Park
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
| | - Hee-Juhn Park
- Department of Botanical Resources, Sangji University
| | | | - Soo-Dong Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
- Medical Science and Engineering Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University
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Kim MJ, Seong AR, Lee YH, Kim YJ, Shiota M, Yokomizo A, Naito S, Lee J, Jun W, Yoon HG. Histone acetyltransferase inhibitory activity of Bokbunja (Rubus coreanus Miq.) ethanol extract on androgen receptor-dependent prostate cancer cell growth. Food Sci Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-010-0214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Kim JS, Jeon WJ, You HJ, Park MS, Ji GE. Inhibitory activities of Rubi Fructus on digestive enzymes. Food Sci Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-010-0166-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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38
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Park SM, Choi HY, Lee EJ, Park MY, Lee JW, Kim NM, Sung MK. Dietary supplementation of red ginseng, Chinese lizard’s tail, and Korean raspberry extracts alleviate oxidative stresses in aged rats. Food Sci Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-010-0135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Antinociceptive properties of conocarpan and orientin obtained from Piper solmsianum C. DC. var. solmsianum (Piperaceae). J Nat Med 2010; 64:402-8. [PMID: 20473574 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-010-0421-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2009] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The antinociceptive properties of some fractions and two pure compounds, conocarpan and orientin, obtained from P. solmsianum leaves were investigated in several models of pain in mice. The results indicated that this plant exhibits a promising antinociceptive profile, as it produces active principles which are several times more active than some reference drugs used for comparison. The main compound tested, orientin, caused potent and dose-dependent effects against acetic acid-induced writhing and capsaicin- and glutamate-induced nociception, being more effective against the first one, with an ID(50) value of 6.5 mg/kg (14.5 micromol/kg). Orientin was about 20-fold more potent than acetylsalicylic acid and 3.5-fold more active than indomethacin. The antinociceptive effects of this plant may be attributed, at least partially, to the presence of conocarpan and, in particular, to the flavonoid orientin.
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Inhibitory effects of phytoncide solution on melanin biosynthesis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2010; 74:918-22. [PMID: 20460709 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To determine the component-activity relationships of phytoncide solutions on inhibitory activity in melanin biosynthesis, four types of phytoncide solution (A-type, AB-type, D-type, and G-type) were evaluated for inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis on murine B-16 melanoma cells and a human reconstituted skin model. The A-type, AB-type, D-type, and G-type of phytoncide solution treatment resulted in significant inhibition of tyrosinase activity. The amount of melanin was increased by treatment with phytoncide solutions in a concentration-dependent manner on murine B-16 melanoma cells without affecting cell growth. Furthermore, phytoncide solutions also suppressed melanin synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner on a human reconstituted skin model. These effects of A-type solution were superior to those of other solutions.
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Ardenghi JV, Kanegusuku M, Niero R, Filho VC, Monache FD, Yunes RA, De Souza MM. Analysis of the mechanism of antinociceptive action of niga-ichigoside F1 obtained from Rubus imperialis (Rosaceae). J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 58:1669-75. [PMID: 17331332 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.58.12.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We have previously verified that niga-ichigoside F1 (NI), a triterpene isolated from Rubus imperialis, exhibits significant and potent antinociceptive action when evaluated in some pharmacological models of pain in mice. This effect was confirmed in other experimental models and also the mechanism of action has been evaluated. The antinociception caused by NI (60 mg kg−1) in both phases of the formalin test was significantly attenuated by intraperitoneal injection of mice with haloperidol (a dopaminergic antagonist, 0.20 mg kg−1) and L-arginine (precursor of nitric oxide, 600 mg kg−1). Regarding the cholinergic system, atropine (a cholinergic antagonist 60 mg kg−1) reverted only the second phase. The effect of NI was not affected by treatment of mice with yohimbine (an alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist, 0.15 mg kg−1). The same pharmacological profile was observed for the administration of naloxone (an opioid receptor antagonist, 1 mg kg−1). On the other hand, intraperitoneal injection caused dose-related and significant effects against glutamate- and capsaicin-induced pain, respectively. In conclusion, the marked antinociception of NI appears to be related to the dopaminergic, cholinergic, glutamatergic, tachykininergic and oxinitrergic systems, supporting the ethnomedical use of Rubus imperialis (Rosaceae).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Vargas Ardenghi
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas e Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR)/CCS, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), 88302-202, Itajaí-SC, Brazil
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42
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Yoon HJ, Kim CS, Lee KY, Yang SY. Antioxidant Activity ofRubuscoreanus Fruit Extract: In Comparison to Green Tea Extract. Chonnam Med J 2010. [DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2010.46.3.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joong Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School and The Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chan Sang Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School and The Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kee Young Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School and The Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sung Yeul Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School and The Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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43
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Padaratz P, Fracasso M, de Campos-Buzzi F, Corrêa R, Niero R, Monache FD, Cechinel-Filho V. Antinociceptive Activity of a New Benzofuranone Derived from a Chalcone. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2009; 105:257-61. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2009.00441.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Fujimori H, Hisama M, Shibayama H, Iwaki M. Protecting Effect of Phytoncide Solution, on Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts against Reactive Oxygen Species. J Oleo Sci 2009; 58:429-36. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.58.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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45
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Lee IK, Kim DH, Lee SY, Kim KR, Choi SU, Hong JK, Lee JH, Park YH, Lee KR. Triterpenoic acids of Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina and their cytotoxic activities in vitro. Arch Pharm Res 2008; 31:1578-83. [PMID: 19099227 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-001-2154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The column chromatographic separation of the MeOH extract from the aerial parts of Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina Nakai led to the isolation of fifteen triterpenoic acids (2-6, 9-13, 16-20), four flavonoids (14, 21-23), four phenolics (7, 8, 15, 24), and a diterpene (1). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods to be trans-phytol (1), oleanic acid (2) ursolic acid (3), 2alpha,3alpha,19alpha-trihydroxyurs-12en-28oic acid (4), 2alpha,3alpha-dihydroxyurs-12en-28oic acid (5), maslinic acid (6), caffeic acid (7), phydroxy cinnamic acid (8), 2alpha,3alpha,19alpha,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12en-28oic acid (9), 2alpha,3alpha,23-trihydroxyurs-12en-28oic acid (10), 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxyurs-12en-28oic acid (11), 2alpha,3beta,24-trihydroxyolea-12en-28oic acid (12), (12R, 13S)-2alpha,3alpha,24,trihydroxy-12,13-cyclo-taraxer-14-en-28oic acid (13), quercertin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (14), rosmarinic acid (15), 2alpha,3alpha,24-trihydroxyurs-12,20(30)-dien-28oic acid (16), 2alpha,3alpha,24-trihydroxyolea-12en-28oic acid (17), 2alpha,3beta,19alpha,24-tetrahydroxyurs-12en-28oic acid 28-O-Dglucopyranoside (18), 2alpha,3alpha,19alpha,24-tetrahydroxyurs-12en-28oic acid 28-O-D-glucopyranoside (19), prunvuloside A (20), kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopranoside (21), kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (22), quercertin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (23), and 2-hydroxy-3-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenly)propanoic acid (24). Compounds 1, 8-12, 17, 21, 23, and 24 were isolated from this plant source for the first time. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, and HCT15 cells in vitro using the sulforhodamin B bioassay (SRB) method. Compound 3 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, and HCT15 cells, with ED(50) values of 3.71, 3.65, 13.62, and 5.44 microM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Kyun Lee
- Natural Products Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, Korea.
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Jeon JH, Shin S, Park D, Jang JY, Choi BI, Kang JK, Joo SS, Hwang SY, Kim JC, Kim BY, Kim MR, Kim YB. Fermentation Filtrates of Rubus coreanus Relax the Corpus Cavernosum and Increase Sperm Count and Motility. J Med Food 2008; 11:474-8. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2007.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Jeon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsun Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Young Jang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-il Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Koo Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo Joo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Seock-Yeon Hwang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Juseong College, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Choon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Mee Ree Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Bae Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Yang HM, Oh SM, Lim SS, Shin HK, Oh YS, Kim JK. Antiinflammatory activities of Rubus coreanus depend on the degree of fruit ripening. Phytother Res 2008; 22:102-7. [PMID: 17724764 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The dried unripe fruit of Rubus coreanus, which is well-known in Korea and referred to as 'Bok-bun-ja', has been employed as a traditional medicine for centuries. This crude drug is utilized in Korea for the management of impotence, spermatorrhea, enuresis, asthma and allergic diseases. The principal objective of the present study was to conduct a comparison of the antiinflammatory effects of ethanol extracts of the unripe (URCE), half-ripened (HRCE) and ripe fruits (RCE) of Rubus coreanus. URCE and HRCE were found to reduce the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophages. However, RCE exerted no inhibitory effects against the production of NO and IL-6. The results of the study show that the degree of fruit ripening of Rubus coreanus affects the production of inflammatory mediators such as NO, PGE2 and inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Mo Yang
- Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University, Gangwon-do 200-702, Korea
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48
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Wang H, Gao J, Kou J, Zhu D, Yu B. Anti-inflammatory activities of triterpenoid saponins from Polygala japonica. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 15:321-326. [PMID: 17951039 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2007.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided investigation was performed to identify the active constituents from a methanol extract of Polygala japonica, a folk medicinal plant widely used in China to treat inflammatory diseases. The n-BuOH and EtOAc fractions of the P. japonica methanol extract, which show significant anti-inflammatory activity in in vivo test, were further subjected to column chromatography to afford six triterpene glycosides, marked here as saponins 1-6. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity in the carageenan-induced mouse paw edema test, and saponins 1, 4 and 5 showed significantly anti-inflammatory effects on both phases of carageenan-induced acute paw edema in mice. Saponin 5 was also found to significantly inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators - nitric oxide (NO) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, with no obvious effects on macrophage viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Prescription, China Pharmaceutical University, Box C-09, No. 1 Shennong Road, Nanjing 210038, PR China
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49
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Rocabado GO, Bedoya LM, Abad MJ, Bermejo P. Rubus - A Review of its Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800300319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Species of the genus Rubus (family Rosaceae, sub-family Rosoideae, tribe Potentilleae) are widely distributed in the warmer temperate zones of the northern hemisphere. Rubus species have been known since ancient times for their curative properties, and have been used for the treatment of various ailments, such as wounds, diarrhea, colic pain, diabetes, inflammatory disorders, and as antimicrobial agents. However, their use has been based mainly on empirical findings. This contribution provides a comprehensive review of the work published on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of the Rubus species over the past few years, in order to obtain a better understanding of the biological significance of this large genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Omar Rocabado
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Bedoya
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Abad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paulina Bermejo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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50
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Niero R, Filho VC. Therapeutic Potential and Chemical Composition of Plants from the Genus Rubus: A Mini Review of the Last 10 Years. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800300320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubus species (Rosaceae) are appreciated for their fruits and their traditional therapeutic uses. Several experimental investigations indicate important biological effects of these plants, related to the presence of different classes of chemical substances, especially terpenoids and phenolic compounds. This work outlines the main biological properties and chemical constituents of the genus Rubus over the last 10 years, with particular emphasis on the plants that occur in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivaldo Niero
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR)/CCS e Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), 88.302–202, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR)/CCS e Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), 88.302–202, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
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