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Zhou X. Recent advances of tryptanthrin and its derivatives as potential anticancer agents. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1127-1147. [PMID: 38665827 PMCID: PMC11042161 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00698k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tryptanthrin is one of the well-known natural alkaloids with a broad spectrum of biological activities and can act as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antitubercular, and other agents. Owing to its potent anticancer activity, tryptanthrin has been widely explored for the therapy of various cancers besides being effective against other diseases. Tryptanthrin with a pharmacological indoloquinazoline moiety can not only be modified by different functional groups to achieve various tryptanthrin derivatives, which may realize the improvement of anticancer activity, but also bind with different metal ions to obtain varied tryptanthrin metal complexes as potential anticancer agents, due to their higher anticancer activities in comparison with tryptanthrin (or its derivatives) and cisplatin. This review outlines the recent advances in the syntheses, structures, and anticancer activities of tryptanthrin derivatives and their metal complexes, trying to reveal their structure-activity relationships and to provide a helpful way for medicinal chemists in the development of new and effective tryptanthrin-based anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhou
- Second Clinical Medicine College of Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
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2
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Iqbal S, Farhanaz, Roohi, Zaheer MR, Shankar K, Hussain MK, Zia Q, Rehman MT, AlAjmi MF, Gupta A. Visible-light promoted catalyst-free (VLCF) multi-component synthesis of spiro indolo-quinazolinone-pyrrolo[3,4-a]pyrrolizine hybrids: evaluation of in vitro anticancer activity, molecular docking, MD simulation and DFT studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3145-3165. [PMID: 37227775 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2214229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A new and highly efficient visible-light-promoted catalyst free (VLCF) strategy for neat and clean synthesis of spiro indolo-quinazolinone-pyrrolo[3,4-a]pyrrolizine hybrids (6a-d) has been introduced. We have performed visible-light triggered 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reaction of maleimide (5a-d) with azomethine ylide generated in situ derived from tryptanthrin (3) and L-proline (4) to obtain desired products (6a-d) in good to excellent yield. Authentication and characterization of product was done using various spectroscopic techniques such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, Mass spectrometry and single crystal XRD analysis. To explain the reaction spontaneity, product stability, reactivity as well as possible mode of the interaction a quantum chemical investigation was performed and depicted through DFT studies. The synthesized compound 6a was also evaluated for anti-proliferative activity against a panel of five cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HeLa, PC-3 and Ishikawa) and normal human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cell line by using MTT assay. Compound 6a showed very good in vitro anti-proliferative activity (IC50 = 6.58-17.98 μM) against four cancer cell lines and no cytotoxicity against normal HEK-293. In order to evaluate the anticancer potential of compounds 6a-d, molecular docking was performed against wild type and mutant EGFR. The results suggest that all the compounds occupied the active site of both enzymes, with a strong binding energy (-10.2 to -11.5 kcal/mol). These results have been confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation by evaluating root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), along with principal component analysis (PCA).Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Farhanaz
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Roohi
- Protein Research Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd Rehan Zaheer
- Department of Chemistry, R.M.P.S.P. Girls Post Graduate College, Basti, India
| | - Krapa Shankar
- Sun Pharmaceutical industries Ltd, Sarhaul, Sector 18, Gurgaon, India
| | | | - Qamar Zia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Tabish Rehman
- Department of pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F AlAjmi
- Department of pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anamika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Wang M, Ye W, Sun N, Yu W, Chang J. Synthesis of Quinazolinone-Fused Tetrahydroisoquinolines and Related Polycyclic Scaffolds by Iodine-Mediated sp 3 C-H Amination. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1061-1074. [PMID: 36630199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
An iodine-mediated intramolecular sp3 C-H amination reaction producing quinazolinone-fused polycyclic skeletons from 2-aminobenzamide precursors is reported. This reaction does not use transition metals, has a broad substrate scope, and can be used on a gram scale. Under the optimal reaction conditions, a variety of quinazolinone-fused tetrahydroisoquinolines and derivatives of Rutaecarpine were synthesized from readily accessible compounds. The reaction proceeds well with crude 2-aminobenzamide derivatives, allowing for the synthesis of the products from simple 2-aminobenzoic acids and tetrahydroisoquinolines without purification of the 2-aminobenzamide intermediates. Preliminary biological experiments have identified Cereblon (CRBN) inhibitory activity and relevant anti-myeloma medicinal properties in some of these polycyclic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Wang
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenjun Ye
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Nannan Sun
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenquan Yu
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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4
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Natural quinazolinones: From a treasure house to promising anticancer leads. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 245:114915. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Shang XF, Morris-Natschke SL, Liu YQ, Li XH, Zhang JY, Lee KH. Biology of quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2022; 88:1-47. [PMID: 35305754 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids, two important classes of N-based heterocyclic compounds, have attracted scientific and popular interest worldwide since the 19th century. More than 600 compounds have been isolated from nature to date. To build on our two prior reviews, we reexamined the promising molecules described in previous reports and provided updated literature on novel quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids isolated over the past 5 years. This chapter reviews and discusses 205 molecules with a broad range of bioactivities, including antiparasitic and insecticidal, antibacterial and antifungal, cardioprotective, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and other effects. This survey should provide new clues or possibilities for the discovery of new and better drugs from the original naturally occurring quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Shang
- Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China.
| | - Xiu-Hui Li
- Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Ji-Yu Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Yu H, Li TN, Ran Q, Huang QW, Wang J. Strobilanthes cusia (Nees) Kuntze, a multifunctional traditional Chinese medicinal plant, and its herbal medicines: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113325. [PMID: 32889034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Strobilanthes cusia (Nees) Kuntze (SCK, Malan), a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, has long applied to detoxification, defervescence, detumescence and antiphlogosis. "Southern Banlangen" (Rhizoma et Radix Baphicacanthis Cusiae, RRBC), root and rhizome of SCK, is widely used for treatment of many epidemic diseases. Malanye (Southern Daqingye), stem and leaf of SCK, is an antipyretic-alexipharmic drug frequently-used in southern China. Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, IN), a processed product of SCK, is always applied to dermatoses in the folk. AIM OF THE REVIEW In order to elucidate the historical uses, recent advances and pharmaceutical prospects of SCK, we summarized roundly in aspects of history, processing method, chemical constitution, quality control, pharmacological activity and toxicity. Some deficiencies in current studies and research directions in the future are also discussed. This is the first comprehensive review of SCK and its herbal medicines, which may be of some help for further research. METHODOLOGY Comprehensive analysis was conducted on the basis of academic papers, pharmaceutical monographs, ancient medicinal works, and drug standards of China. All available information on SCK and its herbal medicines was collected by using the keywords such as "Strobilanthes cusia", "Southern Banlangen", "indirubin", "tryptanthrin" through different electronic databases including NCBI Pubmed, Google Scholar, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and so on. Pharmacopoeia of China and some ancient works were obtained from National Digital Library of China. RESULT Medicinal uses of SCK were already described by famous ancient researchers. Because of vague description, plant species in some works cannot be confirmed. Literature demonstrated that multiple components including total 36 alkaloids and 35 glycosides, the main bioactive components of SCK, were found in SCK and its herbal medicines. Modern studies indicated that SCK and some of its components had multiple pharmacological effects including resistance to cancer, remission of inflammation, suppression of microorganisms, relief of dermatoses, and so on. However, studies on pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and quality control are still not enough. CONCLUSION A number of reports suggested that SCK and its processed medicines could be promising drug candidates for multiple diseases especially promyelocytic leukemia, ulcerative colitis (UC) and psoriasis. However, bioactive activities of most components, especially glycosides should still be explored further. It is crucial to elucidate the in-depth molecular mechanisms, and pharmacokinetic characteristics of main components in those herbal medicines. Moreover, to ensure the effectiveness of clinical medication, future studies should undoubtedly give the priority to clarifying the effective compositions of SCK, and then a measurement standard of those indicators should be protocolled to establish a comprehensive quality evaluation mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Ting-Na Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Qian Ran
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Qin-Wan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
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Targeting topoisomerase II with trypthantrin derivatives: Discovery of 7-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)amino)indolo[2,1-b]quinazoline-6,12-dione as an antiproliferative agent and to treat cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 202:112504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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8
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Comparison of the anti-colitis activities of Qing Dai/Indigo Naturalis constituents in mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2020; 142:148-156. [PMID: 32033881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Qing Dai/Indigo Naturalis (QD) has been shown to ameliorate ulcerative colitis (UC) in clinical trials; however, its mechanism remains elusive. This study investigates the effects of QD on murine dextran sulfate sodium salt-induced colitis. Oral administration of QD protected the animals from colitis as manifested by weight loss, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding. QD was distinguishingly more effective than 5-aminosalicylate. Focused microarray analysis of genes expressed in the distal colon suggested that QD influences the inflammatory pathway. Anti-inflammatory activity of QD was confirmed by the suppression of nitric oxide (NO) production in response to interleukin-1β in cultured hepatocytes. Some of the constituents in QD, such as tryptanthrin (TRYP) and indigo, suppressed NO production. TRYP maintained body weight but did not inhibit bleeding. Indigo, on the other hand, partially ameliorated bleeding, but did not maintain body weight. The combination of TRYP and indigo did not show additive ameliorating activity. The methanol extract of QD showed an anti-colitis activity like that of TRYP. In contrast, the methanol-insoluble QD fraction moderately ameliorated diarrhea and bleeding. Combining these two fractions resulted in full anti-colitis activity. Further clarification of the active constituents will help in the discovery of a safe and potent prescription for UC.
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Amara R, Awad H, Chaker D, Bentabed‐Ababsa G, Lassagne F, Erb W, Chevallier F, Roisnel T, Dorcet V, Fajloun Z, Vidal J, Mongin F. Conversion of Isatins to Tryptanthrins, Heterocycles Endowed with a Myriad of Bioactivities. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rim Amara
- Univ Rennes, CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) ‐ UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Appliquée Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella BP 1524 El M'Naouer 31000 Oran Algeria
| | - Haçan Awad
- Faculty of Sciences 3 Lebanese University Campus El‐Kobbeh Tripoli Lebanon
| | - Diana Chaker
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST Lebanese University 1300 Tripoli Lebanon
| | - Ghenia Bentabed‐Ababsa
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Appliquée Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella BP 1524 El M'Naouer 31000 Oran Algeria
| | - Frédéric Lassagne
- Univ Rennes, CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) ‐ UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - William Erb
- Univ Rennes, CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) ‐ UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Floris Chevallier
- Univ Rennes, CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) ‐ UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Univ Rennes, CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) ‐ UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Univ Rennes, CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) ‐ UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Faculty of Sciences 3 Lebanese University Campus El‐Kobbeh Tripoli Lebanon
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST Lebanese University 1300 Tripoli Lebanon
| | - Joëlle Vidal
- Univ Rennes, CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) ‐ UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Florence Mongin
- Univ Rennes, CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) ‐ UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
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Rhodes S, Short S, Sharma S, Kaur R, Jha M. One-pot mild and efficient synthesis of [1,3]thiazino[3,2-a]indol-4-ones and their anti-proliferative activity. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3914-3920. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00500e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
One-pot synthesis of [1,3]thiazino[3,2-a]indol-4-one frameworks is developed in aqueous medium and the anti-proliferative activity of the synthesized compounds is evaluated against two triple negative breast cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Rhodes
- Department of Biology and Chemistry
- Nipissing University
- North Bay
- Canada
| | - Spencer Short
- Department of Biology and Chemistry
- Nipissing University
- North Bay
- Canada
| | - Sidhika Sharma
- Department of Biology
- University of North Georgia
- Oakwood
- USA
| | - Ramneet Kaur
- Department of Biology
- University of North Georgia
- Oakwood
- USA
| | - Mukund Jha
- Department of Biology and Chemistry
- Nipissing University
- North Bay
- Canada
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Shang XF, Morris-Natschke SL, Liu YQ, Guo X, Xu XS, Goto M, Li JC, Yang GZ, Lee KH. Biologically active quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids part I. Med Res Rev 2018; 38:775-828. [PMID: 28902434 PMCID: PMC6421866 DOI: 10.1002/med.21466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids, two important classes of N-based heterocyclic compounds, have attracted tremendous attention from researchers worldwide since the 19th century. Over the past 200 years, many compounds from these two classes were isolated from natural sources, and most of them and their modified analogs possess significant bioactivities. Quinine and camptothecin are two of the most famous and important quinoline alkaloids, and their discoveries opened new areas in antimalarial and anticancer drug development, respectively. In this review, we survey the literature on bioactive alkaloids from these two classes and highlight research achievements prior to the year 2008 (Part I). Over 200 molecules with a broad range of bioactivities, including antitumor, antimalarial, antibacterial and antifungal, antiparasitic and insecticidal, antiviral, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, herbicidal, antioxidant and other activities, were reviewed. This survey should provide new clues or possibilities for the discovery of new and better drugs from the original naturally occurring quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Shang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Susan L. Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Shan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jun-Cai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guan-Zhou Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Shang XF, Morris-Natschke SL, Yang GZ, Liu YQ, Guo X, Xu XS, Goto M, Li JC, Zhang JY, Lee KH. Biologically active quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids part II. Med Res Rev 2018; 38:1614-1660. [PMID: 29485730 DOI: 10.1002/med.21492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To follow-up on our prior Part I review, this Part II review summarizes and provides updated literature on novel quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids isolated during the period of 2009-2016, together with the biological activity and the mechanisms of action of these classes of natural products. Over 200 molecules with a broad range of biological activities, including antitumor, antiparasitic and insecticidal, antibacterial and antifungal, cardioprotective, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-asthma, antitussive, and other activities, are discussed. This survey should provide new clues or possibilities for the discovery of new and better drugs from the original naturally occurring quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Shang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Guan-Zhou Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Tibetan Medicine Research Center of Qinghai University, Qinghai University Tibetan Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Shan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jun-Cai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Weng T, Qiu X, Wang J, Li Z, Bian J. Recent discovery of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitors targeting cancer immunotherapy. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:656-669. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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14
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Guda R, Korra R, Balaji S, Palabindela R, Eerla R, Lingabathula H, Yellu NR, Kumar G, Kasula M. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 8-substituted-6-hydrazonoindolo[2,1- b ]quinazolin-12(6 H )-one scaffolds as potential cytotoxic agents: IDO-1 targeting molecular docking studies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:4741-4748. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Kaur R, Manjal SK, Rawal RK, Kumar K. Recent synthetic and medicinal perspectives of tryptanthrin. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4533-4552. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Popov AM, Osipov AN, Korepanova EA, Krivoshapko ON, Shtoda YP, Klimovich AA. Investigation of the antioxidant and membranotropic activity of the quinozaline alkaloid triptantrin in different model systems. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350915040181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Quercetin and Tryptanthrin: Two Broad Spectrum Anticancer Agents for Future Chemotherapeutic Interventions. Enzymes 2015; 37:43-72. [PMID: 26298455 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The idea and practice of developing or identifying compounds capable of eliminating the transformed cells or cancer cells without being nontoxic to their normal counterparts deserves much importance. Since ages, plants have been considered and proven to be repertoires of chemicals possessing immense therapeutic potential. A proportion of these plant-derived compounds or phytochemicals were shown to be highly competent anticancer agents besides being effective against many other diseases. Representative compounds of different classes of phytochemicals are in clinical use against cancer. In this chapter, we discuss the anticancer potential of two compounds: quercetin, a flavonoid and tryptanthrin, an indoloquinazoline alkaloid, and the mechanisms behind their cytotoxic effects on cancers of different origin. The chapter also gives a brief mention of their properties that make them effective against cancer.
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Antony J, Saikia M, V V, Nath LR, Katiki MR, Murty M, Paul A, A S, Chandran H, Joseph SM, S NK, Panakkal EJ, V SI, V SI, Ran S, S S, Rajan E, Anto RJ. DW-F5: A novel formulation against malignant melanoma from Wrightia tinctoria. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11107. [PMID: 26061820 PMCID: PMC4650611 DOI: 10.1038/srep11107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wrightia tinctoria is a constituent of several ayurvedic preparations against skin disorders including psoriasis and herpes, though not yet has been explored for anticancer potential. Herein, for the first time, we report the significant anticancer properties of a semi-purified fraction, DW-F5, from the dichloromethane extract of W. tinctoria leaves against malignant melanoma. DW-F5 exhibited anti-melanoma activities, preventing metastasis and angiogenesis in NOD-SCID mice, while being non-toxic in vivo. The major pathways in melanoma signaling mediated through BRAF, WNT/β-catenin and Akt-NF-κB converging in MITF-M, the master regulator of melanomagenesis, were inhibited by DW-F5, leading to complete abolition of MITF-M. Purification of DW-F5 led to the isolation of two cytotoxic components, one being tryptanthrin and the other being an unidentified aliphatic fraction. The overall study predicts Wrightia tinctoria as a candidate plant to be further explored for anticancer properties and DW-F5 as a forthcoming drug formulation to be evaluated as a chemotherapeutic agent against malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Antony
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Minakshi Saikia
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Vinod. V
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Lekshmi. R. Nath
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Mohana Rao Katiki
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - M.S.R. Murty
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Anju Paul
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Shabna A
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Harsha Chandran
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Sophia Margaret Joseph
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Nishanth Kumar. S
- Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Thiruvanathapuram 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Elizabeth Jayex Panakkal
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Sriramya I. V
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Sridivya I. V
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Sophia Ran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University-School of Medicine, P.O. Box 19626, Springfield, Illinois, USA
| | - Sankar S
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, Kerala, India
| | - Easwary Rajan
- Department of Chemistry, Sree Kerala Varma College, Thrissur 680011, Kerala, India
| | - Ruby John Anto
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
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Zhang N, Hua Y, Wang C, Sun Y, Wang Z, Liu Z, Liu J. Distribution study of tryptanthrin in rat tissues by HPLC and its relationship with meridian tropism of indigo naturalis in traditional Chinese medicine. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:1701-6. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science; Northwest University; 229 Taibai Road Xi'an 710069 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Hua
- Department of Pharmacy Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital; Xi'an 710061 People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science; Northwest University; 229 Taibai Road Xi'an 710069 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanni Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science; Northwest University; 229 Taibai Road Xi'an 710069 People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science; Northwest University; 229 Taibai Road Xi'an 710069 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhulan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science; Northwest University; 229 Taibai Road Xi'an 710069 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science; Northwest University; 229 Taibai Road Xi'an 710069 People's Republic of China
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Moskovkina TV, Denisenko MV, Kalinovskii AI, Stonik VA. Synthesis of substituted tryptanthrins via oxidation of isatin and its derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428013120051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Mahajan A, Hans R, Chibale K, Kumar V. Synthesis and medicinal chemistry of selected antitubercular natural products and natural product derivatives. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46124f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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22
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Nelson AC, Kalinowski ES, Jacobson TL, Grundt P. Formation of tryptanthrin compounds upon Oxone-induced dimerization of indole-3-carbaldehydes. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.09.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Terryn RJ, German HW, Kummerer TM, Sinden RR, Baum JC, Novak MJ. Novel computational study onπ-stacking to understand mechanistic interactions of Tryptanthrin analogues with DNA. Toxicol Mech Methods 2013; 24:73-9. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2013.859194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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24
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Yang S, Li X, Hu F, Li Y, Yang Y, Yan J, Kuang C, Yang Q. Discovery of Tryptanthrin Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase with Therapeutic Activity in Lewis Lung Cancer (LLC) Tumor-Bearing Mice. J Med Chem 2013; 56:8321-31. [DOI: 10.1021/jm401195n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Yang
- State Key
Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School
of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Handan Road 220, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xishuai Li
- State Key
Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School
of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Handan Road 220, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fangfang Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Siping Road
1239, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yinlong Li
- State Key
Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School
of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Handan Road 220, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunyun Yang
- State Key
Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School
of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Handan Road 220, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junkai Yan
- State Key
Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School
of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Handan Road 220, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chunxiang Kuang
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Siping Road
1239, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key
Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School
of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Handan Road 220, Shanghai 200433, China
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Jahng Y. Progress in the studies on tryptanthrin, an alkaloid of history. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 36:517-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0091-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Xia Z, Wang K, Zheng J, Ma Z, Jiang Z, Wang X, Lv X. Copper-catalyzed domino intramolecular cyclization: a facile and efficient approach to polycyclic indole derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:1602-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06488f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Chen HJ, Tsao HH, Lo JG, Chiu K, Jen JF. Supercritical Fluid Extraction Coupled with Solvent-Less Spray Collection Mode for Rapid Separation of Indirubin and Tryptanthrin from Folium Isatidis. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2010.537725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Grundt P, Douglas KA, Krivogorsky B, Nemykin VN. 7,9-Dichloro-6H,12H-indolo[2,1-b]quinazoline-6,12-dione. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2010; 66:o1474-5. [PMID: 21579542 PMCID: PMC2979507 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536810018969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
There are two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C15H6Cl2N2O2. The conjugated four-ring system is essentially planar in each molecule [maximum deviation = 0.089 (2) Å]. In the crystal, weak intermolecular C—H⋯Cl, C—H⋯O and C—H⋯·N interactions help to stabilize the packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Grundt
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
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29
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Bandekar PP, Roopnarine KA, Parekh VJ, Mitchell TR, Novak MJ, Sinden RR. Antimicrobial Activity of Tryptanthrins in Escherichia coli. J Med Chem 2010; 53:3558-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jm901847f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Takami Y, Uto H, Takeshita M, Kai H, Akamatsu E, Moriuchi A, Hasegawa S, Oketani M, Ido A, Kataoka H, Tsubouchi H. Proanthocyanidin derived from the leaves of Vaccinium virgatum suppresses platelet-derived growth factor-induced proliferation of the human hepatic stellate cell line LI90. Hepatol Res 2010; 40:337-45. [PMID: 20070402 DOI: 10.1111/j.1872-034x.2009.00589.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) proliferation plays a pivotal role in liver fibrogenesis, and agents that suppress HSC activation, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced HSC proliferation, are good candidates for antifibrogenic therapies. In this report, we use the LI90 HSC line to elucidate the antifibrogenic effects of proanthocyanidin derived from the leaves of Vaccinium virgatum. METHODS Proanthocyanidin (PAC) was extracted from the leaves of blueberry V. virgatum (BB-PAC), grape seeds (GS-PAC) and Croton lechleri (CL-PAC). These extracts were examined for their effects on PDGF-BB-induced LI90 cell proliferation and DNA synthesis. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt phosphorylation and PDGF receptor-beta (PDGFR-beta) expression were evaluated by western blot analysis. RESULTS BB-PAC potently suppressed PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and DNA synthesis of LI90 cells. BB-PAC also suppressed PDGF-BB-induced DNA synthesis in primary cultured rat HSC. Moreover, GS-PAC and CL-PAC suppressed PDGF-BB-induced DNA synthesis in LI90 cells. In contrast, the monomeric PAC catechin and epicatechin and dimeric PAC procyanidin B2 only slightly suppressed PDGF-BB-induced DNA synthesis. Western blot analysis showed that BB-PAC completely or partially inhibited PDGF-BB-induced ERK and Akt phosphorylation, respectively. In addition, BB-PAC partially inhibited the PDGF-BB-induced degradation of PDGFR-beta. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that BB-PAC suppresses activated HSC by inhibiting the PDGF signaling pathway. In addition, these results provide novel findings that may facilitate the development of antifibrogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Takami
- Digestive Disease and Lifestyle-Related Disease Health Research, Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
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31
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Popov AM, Gafurov YM, Moskovkina TV, Kachanov AV, Krivoshapko ON, Petrovicheva SE, Stonik VA. Kourokhitin, a potential drug containing two active substances. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2009; 426:131-3. [PMID: 19650304 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672909030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A M Popov
- Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. 100-letiya Vladivostoka 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
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Motoki T, Sugiura Y, Matsumoto Y, Tsuji T, Kubota S, Takigawa M, Gohda E. Induction of hepatocyte growth factor expression by maleic acid in human fibroblasts through MAPK activation. J Cell Biochem 2008; 104:1465-76. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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33
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Jao CW, Lin WC, Wu YT, Wu PL. Isolation, structure elucidation, and synthesis of cytotoxic tryptanthrin analogues from Phaius mishmensis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:1275-1279. [PMID: 18507473 DOI: 10.1021/np800064w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided chromatographic separation of the cytotoxic MeOH extract of Phaius mishmensis led to the isolation of two known and six new indoloquinazolinones, phaitanthrins A-E (1-5) and methylisatoid (6). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Phaitanthrin A (1) and tryptanthrin (7) showed moderate cytotoxicity against MCF-7, NCI-H460, and SF-268 cell lines. A series of ketone adducts of tryptanthrin were prepared and tested initially for anticancer activity in vitro against MCF-7, NCI-H460, and SF-268 human cancer cell lines. The 3-pentanone adduct 13 showed activity similar to tryptanthrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Wei Jao
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
This review covers the isolation, structure determination, synthesis and biological activity of quinoline, quinazoline and acridone alkaloids from plant, microbial and animal sources: 134 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Michael
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits 2050, South Africa.
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35
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Wang M, Crisostomo PR, Herring C, Meldrum KK, Meldrum DR. Human progenitor cells from bone marrow or adipose tissue produce VEGF, HGF, and IGF-I in response to TNF by a p38 MAPK-dependent mechanism. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2006; 291:R880-4. [PMID: 16728464 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00280.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that progenitor cells may decrease destructive inflammation and reduce tissue loss by antiapoptotic mechanisms. However, they remain poorly characterized, and many questions remain regarding the mechanisms by which they may positively affect wound healing, tissue remodeling, or tissue regeneration. It has been speculated that various growth factors are responsible, but what components of the wound milieu stimulate progenitor cell production of growth factors and by what mechanisms? We hypothesized that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) stimulated progenitor cell secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) by a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent mechanism. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and human adipose progenitor cells (hAPCs) were divided into four groups: control, p38 MAPK inhibitor (p38MKI), TNF, and TNF + p38MKI. After 24 h of incubation, supernatants were harvested for ELISA of VEGF, HGF, and IGF-I. Cells were collected for Western blot analysis of p38 MAPK activation. Secretion of VEGF, HGF, and IGF-I in hMSCs and hAPCs was significantly increased by stimulation with TNF and was associated with increased activation of p38 MAPK. The p38 MAPK inhibitor decreased production of TNF-stimulated VEGF, HGF, and IGF-I in hMSCs and hAPCs. However, p38 MAPK inhibitor alone had no effect on production of growth factors. These data demonstrate that progenitor cells are potent sources of VEGF, HGF, and IGF-I. TNF, a prominent tissue cytokine, strongly stimulated production of growth factors by hMSCs and hAPCs via a p38 MAPK-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijing Wang
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, IN, USA
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