1
|
Zhou X, Zeng M, Huang F, Qin G, Song Z, Liu F. The potential role of plant secondary metabolites on antifungal and immunomodulatory effect. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12601-5. [PMID: 37272939 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12601-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
With the widespread use of antibiotic drugs worldwide and the global increase in the number of immunodeficient patients, fungal infections have become a serious threat to global public health security. Moreover, the evolution of fungal resistance to existing antifungal drugs is on the rise. To address these issues, the development of new antifungal drugs or fungal inhibitors needs to be targeted urgently. Plant secondary metabolites are characterized by a wide variety of chemical structures, low price, high availability, high antimicrobial activity, and few side effects. Therefore, plant secondary metabolites may be important resources for the identification and development of novel antifungal drugs. However, there are few studies to summarize those contents. In this review, the antifungal modes of action of plant secondary metabolites toward different types of fungi and fungal infections are covered, as well as highlighting immunomodulatory effects on the human body. This review of the literature should lay the foundation for research into new antifungal drugs and the discovery of new targets. KEY POINTS: • Immunocompromised patients who are infected the drug-resistant fungi are increasing. • Plant secondary metabolites toward various fungal targets are covered. • Plant secondary metabolites with immunomodulatory effect are verified in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zeng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fujiao Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhangyong Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
- Molecular Biotechnology Platform, Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fangyan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhong H, Han L, Lu RY, Wang Y. Antifungal and Immunomodulatory Ingredients from Traditional Chinese Medicine. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:antibiotics12010048. [PMID: 36671249 PMCID: PMC9855100 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections have become a growing public health challenge due to the clinical transmission of pathogenic fungi. The currently available antifungal drugs leave very limited choices for clinical physicians to deal with such situation, not to mention the long-standing problems of emerging drug resistance, side effects and heavy economic burdens imposed to patients. Therefore, new antifungal drugs are urgently needed. Screening drugs from natural products and using synthetic biology strategies are very promising for antifungal drug development. Chinese medicine is a vast library of natural products of biologically active molecules. According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, preparations used to treat fungal diseases usually have antifungal and immunomodulatory functions. This suggests that if antifungal drugs are used in combination with immunomodulatory drugs, better results may be achieved. Studies have shown that the active components of TCM have strong antifungal or immunomodulatory effects and have broad application prospects. In this paper, the latest research progress of antifungal and immunomodulatory components of TCM is reviewed and discussed, hoping to provide inspiration for the design of novel antifungal compounds and to open up new horizons for antifungal treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Han
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ren-Yi Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Z, Chen X, Li D, Bai E, Zhang H, Duan Y, Huang Y. Platensimycin-berberine chloride co-amorphous drug system: Sustained release and prolonged half-life. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 179:126-136. [PMID: 36087879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Co-amorphous technology is an emerging approach for pharmaceutical engineering of drugs and drug leads with improved physicochemical properties and bioavailability. Platensimycin (PTM) is a promising natural antibiotic lead that acts on bacterial fatty acid synthase and exhibits excellent antibacterial activity. Despite great strides to improve its poor pharmacokinetics by medicinal chemistry and nanotechnology, there are no convenient oral delivery systems developed. Here, a co-amorphous system of PTM and berberine chloride (BCL) was developed for oral delivery of PTM. Co-amorphous PTM-BCL was prepared by rotary vacuum evaporation method, and systematically characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Compared with PTM or BCL alone, the equilibrium solubility and dissolution rate of both of them in the co-amorphous systems decreased significantly, showing the characteristics of sustained release. The molecular interactions between PTM and BCL were mediated by strong charged-mediated hydrogen bonds, based on FTIR, XPS, and NMR-based techniques. The co-amorphous PTM-BCL system showed excellent physiochemical stability at room and elevated (40 °C) temperature under dry conditions. The combination of PTM and BCL showed increased killing of a clinical isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain in killing checkerboard assays. Finally, co-amorphous PTM-BCL exhibited 2- or 3-fold longer half-life in rats than that of crystalline and amorphous PTM upon oral administration, respectively. Our study suggests a rational approach to realize the full potential of potent antibiotic PTM, which may be conveniently adapted for engineering of other important pharmaceutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Xin Chen
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Duanxiu Li
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Guangdong Institute of Semiconductor Micro-Nano Manufacturing Technology, Foshan 528200, PR China
| | - Enhe Bai
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Hailu Zhang
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yanwen Duan
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Natural Product Drug Discovery, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis for Drug Discovery, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Yong Huang
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis for Drug Discovery, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Natural Sources, Pharmacological Properties, and Health Benefits of Daucosterol: Versatility of Actions. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12125779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Daucosterol is a saponin present in various natural sources, including medicinal plant families. This secondary metabolite is produced at different contents depending on species, extraction techniques, and plant parts used. Currently, daucosterol has been tested and explored for its various biological activities. The results reveal potential pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, and anticancer. Indeed, daucosterol possesses important anticancer effects in many signaling pathways, such as an increase in pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bcl2, a decrease in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, upregulation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene, inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway, and distortion of cell-cycle progression and tumor cell evolution. Its neuroprotective effect is via decreased caspase-3 activation in neurons and during simulated reperfusion (OGD/R), increased IGF1 protein expression (decreasing the downregulation of p-AKT3 and p-GSK-3b4), and activation of the AKT5 signaling pathway. At the same time, daucosterol inhibits key glucose metabolism enzymes to keep blood sugar levels within normal ranges. Therefore, this review describes the principal research on the pharmacological activities of daucosterol and the mechanisms of action underlying some of these effects. Moreover, further investigation of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology are suggested.
Collapse
|
5
|
Dorcheh FA, Balmeh N, Sanjari S. In-silico investigation of antibacterial herbal compounds in order to find new antibiotic against Staphylococcus aureus and its resistant subtypes. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
|
6
|
Gao S, Zhang S, Zhang S. Enhanced in vitro antimicrobial activity of amphotericin B with berberine against dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:1154-1172. [PMID: 32996236 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Multi-species biofilms formed by fungi and bacteria are clinically common and confer the commensal micro-organisms with protection against antimicrobial therapies. Previously, the plant alkaloid berberine was reported to show antimicrobial efficacy to eliminate bacterial and fungal biofilms. In this study, the combination of berberine and amphotericin B, an antifungal agent, was evaluated against dual-species Candida albicans/Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. METHODS AND RESULTS Combinatorial treatment by berberine and amphotericin B significantly reduced the biomass and viability of residing species in biofilms. Moreover, morphological examination revealed hyphal filamentation of C. albicans and coadhesion between C. albicans/S. aureus were considerably impaired by the treatment. These effects coincided with the reduced expression of cell surface components and quorum-sensing-related genes in both C. albicans and S. aureus. Additionally, in C. albicans, the core transcription factors for controlling biofilm formation together with a crucial component of dual-species biofilms were also downregulated. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated synergistic effects of berberine and amphotericin B against C. albicans/S. aureus dual-species biofilms. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study confirms the potential of berberine and amphotericin B for treating the C. albicans/S. aureus biofilms related infections and reveals molecular basis for the efficacy of combinatorial treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Gao
- Microbiome Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - S Zhang
- Microbiome Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Dermatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mandal SK, Maji AK, Mishra SK, Ishfaq PM, Devkota HP, Silva AS, Das N. Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) and its active constituents: A critical review of their efficacy and toxicological issues. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105085. [PMID: 32683037 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) is a medicinal plant widely used in various traditional systems of medicine and as a food supplement. It has been traditionally used by Native Americans as a coloring agent and as medicinal remedy for common diseases and conditions like wounds, digestive disorders, ulcers, skin and eye ailments, and cancer. Over the years, goldenseal has become a popular food supplement in the USA and other regions. The rhizome of this plant has been used for the treatment of a variety of diseases including, gastrointestinal disorders, ulcers, muscular debility, nervous prostration, constipation, skin and eye infections, cancer, among others. Berberine is one of the most bioactive alkaloid that has been identified in different parts of goldenseal. The goldenseal extract containing berberine showed numerous therapeutic effects such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, neuroprotective (anti-Alzheimer's disease), cardioprotective, and gastrointestinal protective. Various research finding suggest the health promoting effects of goldenseal components and their extracts. However, few studies have also suggested the possible neurotoxic, hepatotoxic and phototoxic activities of goldenseal extract and its alkaloids. Thus, large randomized, double-blind clinical studies need to be conducted on goldenseal supplements and their main alkaloids to provide more evidence on the mechanisms responsible for the pharmaceutical activity, clinical efficacy and safety of these products. Thus, it is very important to review the scientific information about goldenseal to understand about the current scenario.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Kumar Mandal
- Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and AHS, Durgapur, 713206, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Siddhartha Kumar Mishra
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pir Mohammad Ishfaq
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Department of Instrumental Analysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan; Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Health Life Sciences: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO) Program, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ana Sanches Silva
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), I.P., Rua dos Lagidos, Lugar da Madalena, Vairão, Vila do Conde, 4485-655, Portugal; Center for Study in Animal Science (CECA), ICETA, University of Oporto, Oporto, 4051-401, Portugal
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar College, Belonia, 799155, Tripura, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xie Y, Liu X, Zhou P. In vitro Antifungal Effects of Berberine Against Candida spp. In Planktonic and Biofilm Conditions. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:87-101. [PMID: 32021094 PMCID: PMC6957002 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s230857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Antifungal resistance associated with the extensive use of antifungals and biofilm formation presents major clinical challenges. Thus, new therapeutic strategies for fungal infections are urgently required. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal effects of the natural bioactive alkaloid berberine against Candida spp. in planktonic and biofilm conditions. Methods Using the CLSI M27-A3 reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts, the MICs for five standard strains comprised of Candida albicans (ATCC 10231, ATCC 90028), Candida krusei (ATCC 6258), Candida glabrata (ATCC 90030), Candida dubliniensis (MYA 646), and six clinical isolates (CLC1–CLC6) were tested. The 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) reduction assay was used to evaluate the inhibitory effects of berberine against Candida biofilms. The optical density value at 490 nm was measured and illustrated using concentration-absorbance curves. Finally, the effects were quantified by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and 3-dimensional reconstruction was performed. The viability inhibition rates, biofilm formation, and thickness decrease rates were tested and analyzed using independent-samples t-test. The differences among the five Candida strains were analyzed using one way ANOVA. Results The MICs for the five standard strains described above were 80, 160, 10, 20, and 40 μg/mL, respectively, which was similar to that of the clinical isolates, suggesting the stable, broad-spectrum antifungal activity of berberine. Berberine exerted concentration-dependent inhibitory effects against Candida biofilms, which were enhanced with the maturation of Candida biofilms. Berberine decreased the viability of Candida biofilms, with inhibition rates by CLSM ranging from 19.89 ± 0.57% to 96.93 ± 1.37%. Following 3-dimensional reconstruction, the biofilms of the berberine-treated group displayed a poorly developed architecture, and the biofilm thickness decrease rates ranged from 15.49 ± 8.45% to 30.30 ± 15.48%. Conclusion Berberine exhibited significant antifungal activity in Candida spp. The results provide a useful reference for multiple Candida infections and biofilm infections associated with antifungal resistance. Therefore, berberine might have novel therapeutic potential as an antifungal agent or a major active component of antifungal drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Xie
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiru Zhou
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Luo H, Pan KS, Luo XL, Zheng DY, Andrianopoulos A, Wen LM, Zheng YQ, Guo J, Huang CY, Li XY, Hu R, Li YJ, Li TM, Joseph J, Cao CW, Liang G. In Vitro Susceptibility of Berberine Combined with Antifungal Agents Against the Yeast Form of Talaromyces marneffei. Mycopathologia 2019; 184:295-301. [PMID: 30805832 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-019-00325-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei can cause fatal disseminated infection in immunocompromised hosts. However, therapeutic strategies for the mycosis are limited. Reports of the other fungi suggest that berberine, a component of traditional herb, inhibitors interact with antifungal agents to improve the treatment outcomes. In the study, we evaluated the in vitro efficacy of berberine in combination with conventional antifungal agents against the pathogenic yeast form of T. marneffei. We demonstrate the synergistic effect of combination of berberine with fluconazole (52.38%), itraconazole (66.67%), voriconazole (71.43%), amphotericin B (71.43%) or caspofungin (52.38%) of T. marneffei strains, respectively. Time-kill curves confirmed the synergistic interaction, and no antagonistic was observed in all of the combinations. In conclusion, berberine could enhance the efficacy of conventional antifungal agents against the yeast form of T. marneffei in vitro. The results indicated berberine might have a potential role in combination therapy for talaromycosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luo
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Kai-Su Pan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Lu Luo
- HIV/AIDS Clinical Treatment Center of Guangxi, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Yan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Alex Andrianopoulos
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Le-Min Wen
- HIV/AIDS Clinical Treatment Center of Guangxi, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Qing Zheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.,HIV/AIDS Clinical Treatment Center of Guangxi, The Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yang Huang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Ying Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jiao Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Min Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Justin Joseph
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Cun-Wei Cao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China.
| | - Gang Liang
- School of Preclinical Medicine of Guangxi Medical University, No. 22, Shuang Yong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Plant dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors as antidiabetic agents: a brief review. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:1229-1239. [PMID: 29749760 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is an increasing public health problem in the world. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes whose complications contribute to its high death rate. It seriously impacts healthcare systems and patients' quality of life. Therefore, effective measures and new treatment strategies are needed to solve this increasingly serious global problem. In recent years, inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) has emerged as a new treatment option for Type 2 diabetes. This article reviews various plant DPP-IV inhibitors that showed inhibition toward enzyme as a major target for the management of Type 2 diabetes. These studies can contribute to the future development of DPP-IV inhibitors as drugs.
Collapse
|
11
|
Oliveira VM, Khalil NM, Carraro E. Black and white teas as potential agents to combine with amphotericin B and protect red blood cells from amphotericin B-mediated toxicity. BRAZ J BIOL 2018; 78:673-678. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.171693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Amphotericin B is a fungicidal substance that is treatment of choice for most systemic fungal infections affecting immunocompromised patients. However, severe side effects have limited the utility of this drug. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal effect of the combination of amphotericin B with black tea or white tea and protective of citotoxic effect. The present study shows that white and black teas have additive effects with amphotericin B against some species Candida. In addition, the combination of white and black tea with amphotericin B may reduce the toxicity of amphotericin B to red blood cells. Our results suggest that white and black tea is a potential agent to combine with amphotericin for antifungal efficacy and to reduce the amphotericin dose to lessen side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - E. Carraro
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zacchino SA, Butassi E, Liberto MD, Raimondi M, Postigo A, Sortino M. Plant phenolics and terpenoids as adjuvants of antibacterial and antifungal drugs. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 37:27-48. [PMID: 29174958 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intensive use of antibacterial and antifungal drugs has dramatically increased the microbial resistance and has led to a higher number of difficult-to-eradicate infections. Combination therapy with two or more antimicrobial drugs has emerged some years ago to overcome the issue, but it has proven to be not completely effective. Natural secondary metabolites of MW ≤ 500 represent promising adjuvants for antimicrobials and have been the object of several researches that have increased in the last two decades. PURPOSE The purpose of this Review is to do a literature search of the natural compounds that showed high enhancing capacity of antibacterials' and antifungals' effects against planktonic bacteria and fungi and to analyze which are the natural products most used in combination with a focus on polyphenols and terpenoids. RESULTS One hundred of papers were collected for reviewing. Fifty six (56) of them deal with combinations of low MW natural products with antibacterial drugs against planktonic bacteria and forty four (44) on natural products with antifungal drugs against planktonic fungi. Of the antibacterial adjuvants, 41 (73%) were either polyphenols (27; 48%) or terpenes (14; 25%). The remaining 15 papers (27%), deal with different class of natural products. Since most natural potentiators belong to the terpene or phenolic structural types, a more detailed description of the works dealing with these type of compounds is provided here. Bacterial and fungal resistance mechanisms, the modes of action of the main classes of antibacterial and antifungal drugs and the methodologies most used to assess the type of interactions in the combinations were included in the Review too. CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES Several promising results on the potentiation effects of antifungals' and antibacterials' activities by low MW natural products mainly on polyphenols and terpenes were reported in the literature and, in spite of that most works included only in vitro assays, this knowledge opens a wide range of possibilities for the combination antimicrobial therapy. Further research including in vivo assays and clinical trials are required to determine the relevance of these antimicrobial enhancers in the clinical area and should be the focus of future studies in order to develop new antimicrobial combination agents that overpass the drawbacks of the existing antibiotics and antifungals in clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana A Zacchino
- Área Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina.
| | - Estefania Butassi
- Área Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Melina Di Liberto
- Área Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Marcela Raimondi
- Area Microbiología, Facultad de Cs. Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe 3100, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Agustina Postigo
- Área Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Sortino
- Área Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina; Área Micología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li J, Fu Y, Qin C, Yu Y, Li H, Wang W. Asymmetric synthesis of isoquinolinonaphthyridines catalyzed by a chiral Brønsted acid. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:6474-6477. [PMID: 28737793 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01527e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic asymmetric method for the synthesis of chiral isoquinolinonaphthyridines has been developed. A chiral disulfonimide catalyzes a redox cyclization reaction between 2-methyl-3-aldehydeazaarenes and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines to deliver a range of isoquinolinonaphthyridines with good to high yields (up to 91%) and up to 92 : 8 er.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zorić N, Kosalec I, Tomić S, Bobnjarić I, Jug M, Vlainić T, Vlainić J. Membrane of Candida albicans as a target of berberine. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:268. [PMID: 28514949 PMCID: PMC5436450 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1773-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background We investigated the mechanisms of anti-Candida action of isoquinoline alkaloid berberine, active constituent of medically important plants of Barberry species. Methods The effects on membrane, morphological transition, synthesis of ergosterol and the consequent changes in membrane permeability have been studied. Polarization and lipid peroxidation level of the membrane following berberine treatment have been addressed. Results Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of berberine against C. albicans was 17.75 μg/mL. Cytotoxic effect of berberine was concentration dependent, and in sub-MIC concentrations inhibit morphological transition of C. albicans cells to its filamentous form. Results showed that berberine affects synthesis of membrane ergosterol dose-dependently and induces increased membrane permeability causing loss of intracellular material to the outer space (DNA/protein leakage). Berberine also caused membrane depolarization and lipid peroxidation of membrane constituents indicating its direct effect on the membrane. Moreover, ROS levels were also increased following berberine treatment indicating further the possibility of membrane damage. Conclusion Based on the obtained results it seems that berberine achieves its anti-Candida activity by affecting the cell membrane.
Collapse
|
15
|
Li J, Qin C, Yu Y, Fan H, Fu Y, Li H, Wang W. Lewis Acid-Catalyzed C(sp3)-C(sp3) Bond Forming Cyclization Reactions for the Synthesis of Tetrahydroprotoberberine Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201601423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Huaqiang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Reactor, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, and School of Pharmacy; East China University of Science and Technology; 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; University of New Mexico; Albuquerque NM 87131-0001 USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cong L, Liao Y, Yang S, Yang R. In Vitro Activity of Berberine Alone and in Combination with Antifungal Drugs Against Planktonic Forms and Biofilms of Trichosporon Asahii. Mycopathologia 2017; 182:829-837. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-017-0119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
17
|
Sardi JDCO, Gullo FP, Freires IA, Pitangui NDS, Segalla MP, Fusco-Almeida AM, Rosalen PL, Regasini LO, Mendes-Giannini MJS. Synthesis, antifungal activity of caffeic acid derivative esters, and their synergism with fluconazole and nystatin against Candida spp. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 86:387-391. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
18
|
Roser E, Gründemann C, Engels I, Huber R. Antibacterial in vitro effects of preparations from Anthroposophical Medicine. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:372. [PMID: 27660088 PMCID: PMC5034436 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1350-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Medications from Anthroposophical Medicine (AM) are clinically used for the treatment of infections within a whole medical system but have not yet been evaluated regarding antibacterial effects. The aims of this study was to investigate antibacterial activity of AM medications in cell culture. Methods Screening of AM drug registers for preparations used to treat any kind of infection and being available in dilutions ≤ D2 and without alcoholic content. Selected medications were screened for antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the agar diffusion method. For antimicrobial active preparations growth kinetics (drop plate method) and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC, macrodilution method) were determined. Results Thirty-three preparations matched the selection criteria and were chosen for own experiments. One of them (Berberis Decoctum D2) exhibited bactericidal activities against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin resistant strains. The MIC could be determined as 5 mg/ml. The effects could be related to the content of berberine in the extract. No activity towards gram-negative bacteria was found. The other tested extracts had no antibacterial effects. Conclusion Berberis Decoctum D2 which is used in AM to treat infections exhibits bactericidal effects on Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin resistant strains.
Collapse
|
19
|
Rhew ZI, Han Y. Synergic effect of combination of glycyrol and fluconazole against experimental cutaneous candidiasis due to Candida albicans. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:1482-1489. [PMID: 27572154 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0824-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the anti-fungal activity of glycyrol, a coumarine isolated from licorice (Glycyrrhizae Radix), in a murine model of cutaneous candidiasis caused by Candida albicans. Compared to the infected sites, located on the mice's back, of the untreated control mice, the infected sites treated with glycyrol had reduced CFU (colony forming unit) values up to 60 and 85.5 % at 20 and 40 μg/mouse of glycyrol, respectively (P < 0.01). The antifungal activity of glycyrol was synergistically increased when glycyrol (10 μg/mouse) was combined with fluconazole (10 μg/mouse), demonstrating that the combination therapy is approximately 4 times more effective than fluconazole alone at 20 μg/mouse (P < 0.01). Additionally, the combination activity was 1.65 times greater than the antifungal activity of fluconazole alone at 40 μg/mouse (P < 0.05). In seeking glycyrol's antifungal mechanism, we determined that glycyrol inhibited hyphal induction and cell wall adherence of C. albicans. Thus, it is very likely that, by damaging the cell wall, glycyrol helps fluconazole invade C. albicans more readily and attack fluconazole's target in the fungus membrane. In summary, our data indicate that glycyrol may contribute to the development of a novel agent that possesses antifungal activity against cutaneous candidiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheong-Imm Rhew
- Department of ImmunoMicrobiology, College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, 23-1 Wolgok-Dong, Sungbuk-Gu, Seoul, 136-714, Korea
| | - Yongmoon Han
- Department of ImmunoMicrobiology, College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, 23-1 Wolgok-Dong, Sungbuk-Gu, Seoul, 136-714, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Masoudi M, Kopaei MR, Miraj S. Comparison between the efficacy of metronidazole vaginal gel and Berberis vulgaris (Berberis vulgaris) combined with metronidazole gel alone in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Electron Physician 2016; 8:2818-2827. [PMID: 27757195 PMCID: PMC5053466 DOI: 10.19082/2818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most prevalent complications among reproductive-aged women. Antibacterial and antifungal effects of Berberis vulgaris have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Objectives This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of the vaginal gel of Berberis vulgaris 5% (in metronidazole base) with metronidazole vaginal gel 0.75% on bacterial vaginosis on 80 patients referred to the Hajar Hospital from January 2012 to April 2013. Methods This study was a randomized clinical trial research on 80 women affected by bacterial vaginosis, who were randomly divided into two groups of 40 participants. Diagnostic criteria were Amsel’s criteria and Gram stain. Berberis vulgaris 5% (in metronidazole gel base) or metronidazole vaginal gel for five-night usage was prescribed to each group, and after two to seven days therapeutic effects and Amsel criteria were assessed. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 16 using Student t-test, chi-square, and ANOVA tests. Results Findings of the study showed a statistically significant difference with regard to treatment response between the study groups (p<0.001), and the Berberis vulgaris group had a better response than the metronidazole gel group. The patients in groups of Berberis vulgaris in a metronidazole gel base did not experience any relapse, but, in the metronidazole group, 30% of patients experienced relapse during three weeks’ follow-up. Conclusions Findings of the study showed that adding Berberis vulgaris fruit extract on metronidazole improve the efficacy of bacterial vaginosis therapy. Clinical trial registration The trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://www.irct.ir) with the IRCT ID: IRCT201411102085N13. Funding Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences supported this research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansoure Masoudi
- Resident of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian Kopaei
- Ph.D. of Pharmacology, Full Professor, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sepideh Miraj
- M.D., Gynecologist, Fellowship of Infertility, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Oliveira VM, Carraro E, Auler ME, Khalil NM. Quercetin and rutin as potential agents antifungal against Cryptococcus spp. BRAZ J BIOL 2016; 76:1029-1034. [PMID: 27166572 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.07415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphotericin B is a fungicidal substance that is treatment of choice for most systemic fungal infections affecting as cryptococcosis the immunocompromised patients. However, severe side effects have limited the utility of this drug. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal effect of the combination of amphotericin B with quercetin or rutin and as a protective of citotoxic effect. The antifungal activity to amphotericin B, quercetin and rutin alone and in combination was determined in Candida sp and Cryptococcus neoformans strains. Cytotoxicity test on erythrocytes was performed by spectrophotometric absorbance of hemoglobin. The amphotericin B MIC was reduced when used in combination with quercetin or rutin to C. neoformans ATCC strain and reduced when combined with rutin to a clinical isolate of C. neoformans. In addition, the combination of quercetin with amphotericin B may reduce the toxicity of amphotericin B to red blood cells. Our results suggest that quercetin and rutin are potential agents to combine with amphotericin B in order to reduce the amphotericin dose to lessen side effects and improve antifungal efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V M Oliveira
- Laboratório de Virologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste - UNICENTRO, Rua Simeão Camargo Varelá de Sá, 03, CEP 85040-080, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - E Carraro
- Laboratório de Virologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste - UNICENTRO, Rua Simeão Camargo Varelá de Sá, 03, CEP 85040-080, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - M E Auler
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fungos Patogênicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste - UNICENTRO, Rua Simeão Camargo Varelá de Sá, 03, CEP 85040-080, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | - N M Khalil
- Laboratório de Nanotecnologia Farmacêutica, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste - UNICENTRO, Rua Simeão Camargo Varelá de Sá, 03, CEP 85040-080, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Role of Berberine in the Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24748. [PMID: 27103062 PMCID: PMC4840435 DOI: 10.1038/srep24748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid widely used in the treatment of microbial infections. Recent studies have shown that berberine can enhance the inhibitory efficacy of antibiotics against clinical multi-drug resistant isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of berberine exhibited no bactericidal activity against MRSA, but affected MRSA biofilm development in a dose dependent manner within the concentration ranging from 1 to 64 μg/mL. Further study indicated that berberine inhibited MRSA amyloid fibrils formation, which consist of phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs). Molecular dynamics simulation revealed that berberine could bind with the phenyl ring of Phe19 in PSMα2 through hydrophobic interaction. Collectively, berberine can inhibit MRSA biofilm formation via affecting PSMs’ aggregation into amyloid fibrils, and thereby enhance bactericidal activity of antibiotics. These findings will provide new insights into the multiple pharmacological properties of berberine in the treatment of microbial-generated amyloid involved diseases.
Collapse
|
23
|
Scorzoni L, Sangalli-Leite F, de Lacorte Singulani J, de Paula e Silva ACA, Costa-Orlandi CB, Fusco-Almeida AM, Mendes-Giannini MJS. Searching new antifungals: The use of in vitro and in vivo methods for evaluation of natural compounds. J Microbiol Methods 2016; 123:68-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
24
|
Cui J, Ren B, Tong Y, Dai H, Zhang L. Synergistic combinations of antifungals and anti-virulence agents to fight against Candida albicans. Virulence 2016; 6:362-71. [PMID: 26048362 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2015.1039885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans, one of the pathogenic Candida species, causes high mortality rate in immunocompromised and high-risk surgical patients. In the last decade, only one new class of antifungal drug echinocandin was applied. The increased therapy failures, such as the one caused by multi-drug resistance, demand innovative strategies for new effective antifungal drugs. Synergistic combinations of antifungals and anti-virulence agents highlight the pragmatic strategy to reduce the development of drug resistant and potentially repurpose known antifungals, which bypass the costly and time-consuming pipeline of new drug development. Anti-virulence and synergistic combination provide new options for antifungal drug discovery by counteracting the difficulty or failure of traditional therapy for fungal infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Cui
- a CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology; Institute of Microbiology; Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Beijing , China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
In vitro characterization and inhibition of the interaction between ciprofloxacin and berberine against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2016; 69:741-746. [PMID: 26932407 PMCID: PMC5399161 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2016.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin is a quinolone antibiotic used to treat Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in the clinic. Previous studies have demonstrated that berberine exhibits antibacterial activity and less acquired resistance related to efflux pumps. The multidrug efflux pump acrAB-tolC can be stimulated to expel as much toxic material as possible from the cells, but a detrimental effect can be produced owing to an overcrowded periplasm with excess expression products, which inhibits bacterial growth. In this study, the in vitro antibacterial activities of ciprofloxacin in combination with berberine were evaluated and compared with those of ciprofloxacin and berberine alone by evaluating the MIC, MBC and summation fractional IC against 20 clinical multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates, 1 quality control bacterium and 1 induced-resistance bacterium. Susceptibility tests showed that the MIC for the combination of berberine and ciprofloxacin was 1/2 that of the individual agents or less. Antimicrobial activities of 18.18% synergy and 77.27% additivity were found. Furthermore, synergism was verified through a time-kill assay, which suggested that the synergistic antibacterial effect of the two-drug combination may, to some extent, be related to the high expression of the acrAB-tolC and acrR multidrug efflux pumps. Indeed, the expression of these genes was increased >14-fold in the isolates affected by ciprofloxacin–berberine combination synergism.
Collapse
|
26
|
Masoudi M, Miraj S, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Comparison of the Effects of Myrtus Communis L, Berberis Vulgaris and Metronidazole Vaginal Gel alone for the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:QC04-7. [PMID: 27134945 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/17211.7392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a growing tendency towards herbal medicines for treatment of vaginitis. Antibacterial and antifungal effects of Myrtus communis L and Berberis vulgaris have been demonstrated invitro and invivo. AIM This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of the vaginal gel of Berberis vulgaris 5% (in metronidazole base) and Myrtus communis L 2% (in metronidazole base) with only metronidazole vaginal gel 0.75% on bacterial vaginosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was a randomized clinical trial research on 120 married women aged 18-40 years affected by bacterial vaginosis attended for treatment to gynaecology clinic of Hajar Hospital (Shahrekord, Iran). They were randomly divided into three groups of 40 participants. Diagnostic criteria were Amsel's criteria. Myrtus communis L, Berberis vulgaris vaginal gel or metronidazole vaginal gel for five-night usage were prescribed to each group, and after 7 days therapeutic effects were assessed. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA and Chi-square tests. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was observed with regard to treatment response among the study groups (p<0.001), with Myrtus communis L and Berberis vulgaris groups having a better response than metronidazole gel alone. Moreover, there was no significant difference between Myrtus communis L and Berberis vulgaris groups (p= 0.18). The patients in groups of Myrtus communis L or Berberis vulgaris in metronidazole base did not experience any relapse, but in metronidazole group, 30% of patients experienced relapse during three weeks follow up. CONCLUSION Findings of the study showed that treatment with a combination of Myrtus communis L or Berberis vulgaris in metronidazole base improve the efficacy of bacterial vaginosis therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansoureh Masoudi
- Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sepideh Miraj
- Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Professor, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Synergistic antifungal activity of berberine derivative B-7b and fluconazole. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126393. [PMID: 25992630 PMCID: PMC4438075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated berberine (BBR) and fluconazole (FLC) used concomitantly exhibited a synergism against FLC-resistant Candida albicans in vitro. We also suggested BBR played a major antifungal role in the synergism of FLC and BBR, while FLC increased intracellular BBR concentrations. Our following systematic structural modification and reconstruction of BBR core identified the novel scaffold of N-(2-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)ethyl)-2-(substituted phenyl)acet-amide derivatives 7a-i, including B-7b and B-7d exhibiting remarkable synergistic antifungal activity and low cytotoxicity. Here, the study mainly investigated the synergistic activity of FLC and B-7b and the underlying mechanism. In vitro interaction of FLC and B-7b was investigated against 30 FLC-resistant clinical isolates of C. albicans and non-C. albicans species, including Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei and Cryptococcus neoformans. The potent synergistic activity of B-7b in combination with FLC against FLC-resistant C. albicans was found through the checkerboard microdilution assay. The findings of agar diffusion tests and time-kill curves confirmed its better synergism with FLC. And as expected, B-7b exhibited much lower cytotoxicity than BBR to human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In contrast to BBR, we found that endogenous ROS augmentation was not involved in the synergism of FLC and B-7b. According to the results from our present comparative proteomic study, it seemed that the disruption of protein folding and processing and the weakening of cells' self-defensive ability contributed to the synergism of FLC and B-7b. Together, these results suggested novel scaffold BBR derivative B-7b could be a promising synergist in combination with FLC for the treatment of invasive fungal infections.
Collapse
|
28
|
Cornejo-Garrido J, Salinas-Sandoval M, Díaz-López A, Jácquez-Ríos P, Arriaga-Alba M, Ordaz-Pichardo C. In vitro and in vivo antifungal activity, liver profile test, and mutagenic activity of five plants used in traditional Mexican medicine. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
29
|
Liang RM, Yong XL, Duan YQ, Tan YH, Zeng P, Zhou ZY, Jiang Y, Wang SH, Jiang YP, Huang XC, Dong ZH, Hu TT, Shi HQ, Li N. Potent in vitro synergism of fusidic acid (FA) and berberine chloride (BBR) against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 30:2861-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-014-1712-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
30
|
Mahmoudvand H, Ayatollahi Mousavi SA, Sepahvand A, Sharififar F, Ezatpour B, Gorohi F, Saedi Dezaki E, Jahanbakhsh S. Antifungal, Antileishmanial, and Cytotoxicity Activities of Various Extracts of Berberis vulgaris (Berberidaceae) and Its Active Principle Berberine. ISRN PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 2014:602436. [PMID: 24977052 PMCID: PMC3964876 DOI: 10.1155/2014/602436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, in vitro antidermatophytic activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporum canis, and Microsporum gypseum was studied by disk diffusion test and assessment of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using CLSI broth macrodilution method (M38-A2). Moreover, antileishmanial and cytotoxicity activity of B. vulgaris and berberine against promastigotes of Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica were evaluated by colorimetric MTT assay. The findings indicated that the various extracts of B. vulgaris particularly berberine showed high potential antidermatophytic against pathogenic dermatophytes tested with MIC values varying from 0.125 to >4 mg/mL. The results revealed that B. vulgaris extracts as well as berberine were effective in inhibiting L. major and L. tropica promastigotes growth in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) values varying from 2.1 to 26.6 μ g/mL. Moreover, it could be observed that berberine as compared with B. vulgaris exhibited more cytotoxicity against murine macrophages with CC50 (cytotoxicity concentration for 50% of cells) values varying from 27.3 to 362.6 μ g/mL. Results of this investigation were the first step in the search for new antidermatophytic and antileishmanial drugs. However, further works are required to evaluate exact effect of these extracts in animal models as well as volunteer human subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Mahmoudvand
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 76169-14119, Iran
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad 68138-33946, Iran
| | | | - Asghar Sepahvand
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad 68138-33946, Iran
| | - Fariba Sharififar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 76169-14111, Iran
| | - Behrouz Ezatpour
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad 68138-33946, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gorohi
- Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran 14778-93855, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Saedi Dezaki
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 76169-14114, Iran
| | - Sareh Jahanbakhsh
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 76169-14119, Iran
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad 68138-33946, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu H, Wang L, Li Y, Liu J, An M, Zhu S, Cao Y, Jiang Z, Zhao M, Cai Z, Dai L, Ni T, Liu W, Chen S, Wei C, Zang C, Tian S, Yang J, Wu C, Zhang D, Liu H, Jiang Y. Structural optimization of berberine as a synergist to restore antifungal activity of fluconazole against drug-resistant Candida albicans. ChemMedChem 2013; 9:207-16. [PMID: 24376206 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We have conducted systematic structural modification, deconstruction, and reconstruction of the berberine core with the aim of lowering its cytotoxicity, investigating its pharmacophore, and ultimately, seeking novel synergistic agents to restore the effectiveness of fluconazole against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans. A structure-activity relationship study of 95 analogues led us to identify the novel scaffold of N-(2-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)ethyl)-2-(substituted phenyl)acetamides 7 a-l, which exhibited remarkable levels of in vitro synergistic antifungal activity. Compound 7 d (N-(2-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)ethyl)-2-(2-fluorophenyl)acetamide) significantly decreased the MIC₈₀ values of fluconazole from 128.0 μg mL⁻¹ to 0.5 μg mL⁻¹ against fluconazole-resistant C. albicans and exhibited much lower levels of cytotoxicity than berberine toward human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 18 Yunwan Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004 (China)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gullo FP, Rossi SA, Sardi JDCO, Teodoro VLI, Mendes-Giannini MJS, Fusco-Almeida AM. Cryptococcosis: epidemiology, fungal resistance, and new alternatives for treatment. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 32:1377-91. [PMID: 24141976 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-013-1915-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cryptococcosis is an important systemic mycosis and the third most prevalent disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals. The incidence of cryptococcosis is high among the 25 million people with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), with recent estimates indicating that there are one million cases of cryptococcal meningitis globally per year in AIDS patients. In Cryptococcus neoformans, resistance to azoles may be associated with alterations in the target enzyme encoded by the gene ERG11, lanosterol 14α-demethylase. These alterations are obtained through mutations, or by overexpressing the gene encoding. In addition, C. gattii and C. neoformans present a heteroresistance phenotype, which may be related to increased virulence. Other species beyond C. neoformans and C. gattii, such as C. laurentii, have been diagnosed mainly in patients with immunosuppression. Infections of C. albidus have been isolated in cats and marine mammals. Recent evidence suggests that the majority of infections produced by this pathogen are associated with biofilm growth, which is also related with increased resistance to antifungal agents. Therefore, there is a great need to search for alternative antifungal agents for these fungi. The search for new molecules is currently occurring from nanoparticle drugs of plant peptide origin. This article presents a brief review of the literature regarding the epidemiology of cryptococcosis, as well as fungal resistance and new alternatives for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F P Gullo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, Department of Clinical Analysis, Laboratory of Clinical Mycology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), R. Expedicionários do Brasil, 1621, 14801-902, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Comparison of two Candida mannan vaccines: The role of complement in protection against disseminated candidiasis. Arch Pharm Res 2012; 35:2021-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-012-1120-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
34
|
Fouladi RF. Aqueous Extract of Dried Fruit ofBerberis vulgaris L.in Acne vulgaris, a Clinical Trial. J Diet Suppl 2012; 9:253-61. [DOI: 10.3109/19390211.2012.726702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
35
|
Campbell BC, Chan KL, Kim JH. Chemosensitization as a means to augment commercial antifungal agents. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:79. [PMID: 22393330 PMCID: PMC3289909 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimycotic chemosensitization and its mode of action are of growing interest. Currently, use of antifungal agents in agriculture and medicine has a number of obstacles. Foremost of these is development of resistance or cross-resistance to one or more antifungal agents. The generally high expense and negative impact, or side effects, associated with antifungal agents are two further issues of concern. Collectively, these problems are exacerbated by efforts to control resistant strains, which can evolve into a treadmill of higher dosages for longer periods. This cycle in turn, inflates cost of treatment, dramatically. A further problem is stagnation in development of new and effective antifungal agents, especially for treatment of human mycoses. Efforts to overcome some of these issues have involved using combinations of available antimycotics (e.g., combination therapy for invasive mycoses). However, this approach has had inconsistent success and is often associated with a marked increase in negative side effects. Chemosensitization by natural compounds to increase effectiveness of commercial antimycotics is a somewhat new approach to dealing with the aforementioned problems. The potential for safe natural products to improve antifungal activity has been observed for over three decades. Chemosensitizing agents possess antifungal activity, but at insufficient levels to serve as antimycotics, alone. Their main function is to disrupt fungal stress response, destabilize the structural integrity of cellular and vacuolar membranes or stimulate production of reactive oxygen species, augmenting oxidative stress and apoptosis. Use of safe chemosensitizing agents has potential benefit to both agriculture and medicine. When co-applied with a commercial antifungal agent, an additive or synergistic interaction may occur, augmenting antifungal efficacy. This augmentation, in turn, lowers effective dosages, costs, negative side effects and, in some cases, countermands resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce C. Campbell
- Plant Mycotoxin Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of AgricultureAlbany, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen L. Chan
- Plant Mycotoxin Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of AgricultureAlbany, CA, USA
| | - Jong H. Kim
- Plant Mycotoxin Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of AgricultureAlbany, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhou Y, He P, Liu A, Zhang L, Liu Y, Dai R. Drug-drug Interactions between Ketoconazole and Berberine in Rats: Pharmacokinetic Effects Benefit Pharmacodynamic Synergism. Phytother Res 2011; 26:772-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanmi Zhou
- School of Life Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Ping He
- School of Medical Laboratory Science; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin 300070 China
| | - Aiming Liu
- Zhongshan PharmaSS Corporation; Zhongshan Guangdong 528437 China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100000 China
| | - Yunde Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin 300070 China
| | - Renke Dai
- School of Life Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
- Zhongshan PharmaSS Corporation; Zhongshan Guangdong 528437 China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Berberine and itraconazole are not synergistic in vitro against Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from clinical patients. Molecules 2011; 16:9218-33. [PMID: 22051933 PMCID: PMC6264531 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16119218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Revised: 10/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of Aspergillus fumigatus infections has become more frequent as a consequence of widespread immunosuppression. At present, the number of available antifungal agents in the clinic is limited, and most of them, such as itraconazole (ICZ), are toxic and show resistance. Berberine (BER) is a plant alkaloid used in the clinic mainly for alimentary infections. We have used BER and ICZ to measure in vitro resistance in A. fumigatus isolated from clinical patients. The minimum inhibitory concentration ranges of BER and ICZ were 4–256 and 0.031–0.250 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, against A. fumigatus IFM 40808 strain, the MIC50 values of BER and ICZ were 8 and 0.125 μg/mL. Using this strain, we compared the giant colonies with or without BER, and concluded that BER could restrain A. fumigatus mycelial growth and conidial pigment production. Combinations of the two drugs were also tested by the checkerboard assay to identify any functional interactions between them. Thirty-two out of 42 isolates had FICI values > 4.0, indicating that two drugs were mutually antagonistic. In conclusion, it is not advised that BER and ICZ be used in the clinic at the same time. Our results indicated that BER may inhibit A. fumigatus through the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, like ICZ.
Collapse
|
38
|
Lee JH, Han Y. Antiarthritic effect of lonicerin on Candida albicans arthritis in mice. Arch Pharm Res 2011; 34:853-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-011-0520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
39
|
Lee JH, Jang EC, Han Y. Combination immunotherapy of MAb B6.1 with fluconazole augments therapeutic effect to disseminated candidiasis. Arch Pharm Res 2011; 34:399-405. [PMID: 21547671 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-011-0307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We recently reported that IgM MAb B6.1, specific for β-1, 2-mannotriose on the cell wall of Candida albicans, is therapeutic to disseminated candidiasis due to C. albicans. In the current study, we examined if MAbB6.1 enhances therapeutic effect of fluconazole (FLC) to the disseminated disease. To assess the combination effect, determination by the kidneys-colony forming unit and survival times were used. Results showed that the therapeutic effect of FLC on mice with disseminated candidiasis was dose-dependent, but a FLC dose at 0.8 mg/kg body weight of mice was ineffective. To determine combination effect, mice treated intraperitoneally with a combination of FLC plus MAb B6.1 at 1 h post-infection - a condition of developing partial therapeutic activity - enhanced survival times beyond the effect by only antibody (p < 0.05). The resulting MST (mean survival times) value from the combination-received mice was almost the same as MST value from 3.2 mg FLC dose-given animals (p < 0.05). Another combination of 1.6 mg FLC dose and B6.1 reduced severity of the disseminated disease at almost the same rate as combination efficacy of 0.8 mg FLC dose plus B6.1. This data indicates that B6.1 acts in concert with FLC and that this combination therapy augments protection, which suggests a possibility of reducing FLC dose. The augmentation response was specific because an irrelevant IgM MAb S9 was not effective to the disseminated disease. Thus, our present studies demonstrate that this combination immunotherapy may be a way of solving the problem of limited antifungal drug choices caused by drug-resistant C. albicans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jue-Hee Lee
- Department of ImmunoMicrobiology, College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wei GX, Xu X, Wu CD. In vitro synergism between berberine and miconazole against planktonic and biofilm Candida cultures. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:565-72. [PMID: 21272859 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 11/20/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the antimycotic activity of the plant alkaloid berberine (BBR), alone and in combination with antifungal azoles, against planktonic and biofilm Candida cultures. DESIGN The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of BBR, miconazole (MCZ), and fluconazole (FLC) towards Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida kefyr, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida tropicalis were determined by a microdilution method. For C. albicans, the synergistic effects of BBR combined with MCZ or FLC were examined in a paper disc agar diffusion assay and checkerboard microdilution assay. The effect of the BBR/MCZ combination was further investigated in a C. albicans biofilm formation model with a dual-chamber flow cell. The effect on metabolic activity of biofilm cells was established using 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT)/menadione. RESULTS Berberine inhibited the growth of various Candida species (MICs 0.98-31.25mg/L) in the following order of susceptibility: C. krusei > C. kefyr > C. glabrata > C. tropicalis > C. parapsilosis and C. albicans. Synergism between BBR and MCZ or FLC was observed in the disc diffusion assay as well as in suspension showing an FIC index <0.5 (∑FIC=0.19). Whilst neither BBR (16 mg/L) nor MCZ (0.8 mg/L) alone significantly inhibited biofilm formation of C. albicans, their combination reduced biofilm formation by >91% after 24 h, as established from the reduction in surface area coverage (P<0.01). The BBR/MCZ combination also exhibited synergy against the metabolic activity of pre-formed C. albicans biofilms in polystyrene microtiter plates (∑FIC=0.25). CONCLUSION Berberine exhibits synergistic effects with commonly used antimycotic drugs against C. albicans, either in planktonic or in biofilm growth phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Xian Wei
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, MC850, Chicago, IL 60612-7212, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Han Y. Efficacy of combination immunotherapy of IgM MAb B6.1 and amphotericin B against disseminated candidiasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 10:1526-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 08/22/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
42
|
Synthesis and antifungal activity of a novel series of 13-(4-isopropylbenzyl)berberine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6551-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
43
|
Zhu SL, Jiang ZH, Gao PH, Qiu Y, Wang L, Jiang YY, Zhang DZ. A novel polyamide SL-A92 as a potential fungal resistance blocker: synthesis and bioactivities in Candida albicans. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2010; 31:855-60. [PMID: 20562904 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2010.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To synthesize a novel polyamide SL-A92 and evaluate its bioactivity against drug resistance in Candida albicans. METHODS SL-A92 was synthesized using N-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBT)/N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) in solution phase. Its antifungal activities and effects on strain growth were tested using the micro-broth dilution method and growth curves, respectively. Induced drug resistance in the C. albicans collection strain SC5314 was obtained by incubation with fluconazole (12 microg/mL) for 21 passages. Meanwhile, incubations with SL-A92 plus fluconazole were also carried out in SC5314 strains, and the MIC(80)s were used to evaluate the inhibitory effects of SL-A92 on drug resistance during the induction process. Real time RT-PCR was performed to investigate the CDR1 and CDR2 mRNA levels in induced SC5314 strains. RESULTS SC5314 strain induced by the combination of fluconazole and SL-A92 (200 microg/mL) did not develop drug resistance. On day 24, the CDR1 and CDR2 mRNA levels in SC5314 strain co-treated with fluconazole and SL-A92 relative to fluconazole alone were 26% and 24%, respectively, and on day 30 the CDR1 and CDR2 mRNA levels were 43% and 31%, respectively. CONCLUSION SL-A92 can block the development of drug resistance during the fluconazole induction process, which partially results from the down-regulation of CDR1 and CDR2.
Collapse
|
44
|
Al-masri IM, Mohammad MK, Tahaa MO. Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) is one of the mechanisms explaining the hypoglycemic effect of berberine. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2010; 24:1061-6. [PMID: 19640223 DOI: 10.1080/14756360802610761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Berberine was investigated as an inhibitor of human dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) in an attempt to explain its anti-hyperglycemic activities. The investigation included simulated docking experiments to fit berberine within the binding pocket of DPP IV. Berberine was found to readily fit within the binding pocket of DPP IV in a low energy orientation characterized with optimal electrostatic attractive interactions bridging the isoquinolinium positively charged nitrogen atom (berberine) and the negatively charged acidic residue of glutamic acid-205 (GLU205) of DPP IV. Experimentally, berberine was found to inhibit human recombinant DPP IV in vitro with IC(50) = 13.3 microM. Our findings suggest that DPP IV inhibition is, at least, one of the mechanisms that explain the anti-hyperglycemic activity of berberine. The fact that berberine was recently reported to potently inhibit the pro-diabetic target human protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (h-PTP 1B) discloses a novel dual natural h-PTP 1B/DPP IV inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ihab M Al-masri
- Department of pharmaceutical sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Jordan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lee JY, Lee JH, Park JH, Kim SY, Choi JY, Lee SH, Kim YS, Kang SS, Jang EC, Han Y. Liquiritigenin, a licorice flavonoid, helps mice resist disseminated candidiasis due to Candida albicans by Th1 immune response, whereas liquiritin, its glycoside form, does not. Int Immunopharmacol 2009; 9:632-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Revised: 02/21/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
46
|
ZHANG H, GAO A, LI F, ZHANG G, HO HI, LIAO W. Mechanism of Action of Tetrandrine, a Natural Inhibitor of Candida albicans Drug Efflux Pumps. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2009; 129:623-30. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.129.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong ZHANG
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University
| | - Aili GAO
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University
| | - Fengxia LI
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong College of Pharmacy
| | - Gehua ZHANG
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Hon In HO
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University
| | - Wanqing LIAO
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, National Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Second Military Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wagner H, Ulrich-Merzenich G. Synergy research: approaching a new generation of phytopharmaceuticals. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 16:97-110. [PMID: 19211237 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2008.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 666] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The longstanding, successful use of herbal drug combinations in traditional medicine makes it necessary to find a rationale for the pharmacological and therapeutic superiority of many of them in comparison to isolated single constituents. This review describes many examples of how modern molecular-biological methods (including new genomic technologies) can enable us to understand the various synergistic mechanisms underlying these effects. Synergistic effects can be produced if the constituents of an extract affect different targets or interact with one another in order to improve the solubility and thereby enhance the bioavailability of one or several substances of an extract. A special synergy effect can occur when antibiotics are combined with an agent that antagonizes bacterial resistance mechanisms. The verification of real synergy effects can be achieved through detailed pharmacological investigations and by means of controlled clinical studies performed in comparison with synthetic reference drugs. All the new ongoing projects aim at the development of a new generation of phytopharmaceuticals which can be used alone or in combination with synthetic drugs or antibiotics. This new generation of phytopharmaceuticals could lend phytotherapy a new legitimacy and enable their use to treat diseases which have hitherto been treated using synthetic drugs alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Wagner
- Department of Pharmacy, Center of Pharma Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstr. 5-13, House B, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lee JH, Park JH, Kim YS, Han Y. Chlorogenic acid, a polyphenolic compound, treats mice with septic arthritis caused by Candida albicans. Int Immunopharmacol 2008; 8:1681-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2008.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2008] [Revised: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 08/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
49
|
Han Y. Rutin has therapeutic effect on septic arthritis caused by Candida albicans. Int Immunopharmacol 2008; 9:207-11. [PMID: 19041425 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2008.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2008] [Revised: 11/04/2008] [Accepted: 11/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As of late, numerous reports have demonstrated the multiple biological activities of polyphenolic flavonoids. Amongst these reports, some indicate that the flavonoids play an important role in inflammation therapy. In this present study, we investigated the effect of rutin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, on septic arthritis due to Candida albicans, a major etiological agent that causes fungal arthritis. To induce septic arthritis, an emulsified mixture of C. albicans cell wall and Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CACW/CFA) was injected into BALB/c mice via hind footpad route once a day, everyday, for three days. In order to determine the effect of rutin, twenty-four hours after the final injection, mice having the swollen footpad were given the flavonoid (1 mg/dose/mouse) intraperitoneally every other day for three times. The footpad-edema was measured for a period of 17 days. Results showed that the rutin treatment reduced app. 45% of the edema at the peak day (day 11) of septic arthritis (P<0.05). In addition, 6 days after the peak, there was an app. 35% additional reduction of the edema (P<0.05). We found that this anti-arthritic activity was mediated by rutin's ability to inhibit nitric oxide production from macrophages and T-cells proliferation. Furthermore, this flavonoid also inhibited the growth of C. albicans yeast cells (P<0.01) and resulted in no hemolysis. These data indicate that rutin, which has both anti-arthritic and antifungal effects, can safely be administered into the blood circulation for treatment of septic arthritis caused by C. albicans. Ultimately, it can be suggested that the dual effects of rutin, anti-arthritic and anti-candidal may be helpful as an all-in-one treatment for septic arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongmoon Han
- Department of ImmunoMicrobiology, College of Pharmacy/Dongduk Women's University, 23-1 Wolgok-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-714, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bustanji Y, Taha MO, Yousef AM, Al-Bakri AG. Berberine potently inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B: Investigation by docking simulation and experimental validation. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2008; 21:163-71. [PMID: 16789430 DOI: 10.1080/14756360500533026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Berberine was investigated as an inhibitor of human protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (h-PTP 1B) in an attempt to explain its anti-hyperglycemic activitiy. The investigation included simulated docking experiments to fit berberine within the binding pocket of h-PTP 1B. Berberine was found to readily fit within the binding pocket of h-PTP 1B in a low energy orientation characterized with optimal electrostatic attractive interactions bridging the isoquinolinium positively charged nitrogen atom of berberine and the negatively charged acidic residue of ASP 48 of h-PTP 1B. Experimentally, berberine was found to potently competitively inhibit recombinant h-PTP 1B in vitro (Ki value = 91.3 nM). Our findings strongly suggest that h-PTP 1B inhibition is at least one of the reasons for the reported anti-hyperglycemic activities of berberine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Bustanji
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|