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Seck I, Ndoye SF, Kapchoup MVK, Nguemo F, Ciss I, Ba LA, Ba A, Sokhna S, Seck M. Effects of plant extracts and derivatives on cardiac K +, Nav, and Ca v channels: a review. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-28. [PMID: 38586947 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2337112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are endless sources of compounds for fighting against several pathologies. Many dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disorders, such as cardiac arrhythmias have their modes of action regulation of the concentration of electrolytes inside and outside the cell targeting ion channels. Here, we highlight plant extracts and secondary metabolites' effects on the treatment of related cardiac pathologies on hERG, Nav, and Cav of cardiomyocytes. The natural product's pharmacology of expressed receptors like alpha-adrenergic receptors causes an influx of Ca2+ ions through receptor-operated Ca2+ ion channels. We also examine the NPs associated with cardiac contractions such as myocardial contractility by reducing the L-type calcium current and decreasing the intracellular calcium transient, inhibiting the K+ induced contractions, decreasing amplitude of myocyte shortening and showed negative ionotropic and chronotropic effects due to decreasing cytosolic Ca2+. We examine whether the NPs block potassium channels, particular the hERG channel and regulatory effects on Nav1.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insa Seck
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Organique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Samba Fama Ndoye
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Filomain Nguemo
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ismaila Ciss
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Lalla Aicha Ba
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Abda Ba
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Seynabou Sokhna
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Matar Seck
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Thérapeutique, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal
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2
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Luo Z, Wang Y, Xue M, Xia F, Zhu L, Li Y, Jia D, Chen S, Xu G, Lei Y. Astragaloside IV ameliorates fat metabolism in the liver of ageing mice through targeting mitochondrial activity. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8863-8876. [PMID: 34402182 PMCID: PMC8435431 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AST) is a major bioactive compound of Radix Astragali with medical and health benefits. Previous studies have found that AST can reduce the body weights of high-fat diet fed mice. However, the effect of AST on fat metabolism of ageing mice is unclear. In this study, naturally ageing mice were administered intragastrically with AST at 30 mg/kg/day (ageing + AST-L group) and 90 mg/kg/day (ageing + AST-H group) for 16-20 months. Adult (4 months old) and ageing mice were given 1% sodium carboxyl methylcellulose as vehicle. Energy metabolism-related biological parameters of living mice were examined. Moreover, mRNA and protein levels of key enzymes/proteins involved in triglyceride (TG) lipolysis, fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO), ketone body (KB) production and mitochondrial respiratory chain were also examined after sacrifice. Results demonstrated that treatment with AST significantly reduced body weight, white fat and liver/body weight ratio of ageing mice, significantly reduced serum/hepatic TG levels, respiratory quotient, promoted fatty acid mobilization in white adipose tissue, mitochondrial FAO and KB production and mitochondrial biosynthesis/functions in the liver of ageing mice. AST also up-regulated the expression of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a/1b, enoyl coenzyme A hydratase-short chain, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain and mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase-2 involved in fat metabolism. These results indicated that mitochondrial activity could be the target of AST to treat abnormal fat metabolism during ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiao Luo
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Mengzhen Xue
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Fangqi Xia
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Leiqi Zhu
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yuanyang Li
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Dengke Jia
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Silong Chen
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Guangfu Xu
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yan Lei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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3
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Wang L, Xu Z, Ling D, Li J, Wang Y, Shan T. The regulatory role of dietary factors in skeletal muscle development, regeneration and function. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:764-782. [PMID: 33021403 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1828812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in motor function, respiration, and whole-body energy homeostasis. How to regulate the development and function of skeletal muscle has become a hot research topic for improving lifestyle and extending life span. Numerous transcription factors and nutritional factors have been clarified are closely associated with the regulation of skeletal muscle development, regeneration and function. In this article, the roles of different dietary factors including green tea, quercetin, curcumin (CUR), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and resveratrol (RES) in regulating skeletal muscle development, muscle mass, muscle function, and muscle recovery have been summarized and discussed. We also reviewed the potential regulatory molecular mechanism of these factors. Based on the current findings, dietary factors may be used as a potential therapeutic agent to treat skeletal muscle dysfunction as well as its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziye Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Defeng Ling
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
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4
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Jiang S, Jiao G, Chen Y, Han M, Wang X, Liu W. Astragaloside IV attenuates chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced myocardial injury by modulating Ca 2+ homeostasis. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 38:710-720. [PMID: 32306464 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is an important consequence of chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) exerts multiple protective effects in diverse diseases. However, whether AS-IV can attenuate CIH-induced myocardial injury is unclear. In this study, rats exposed to CIH were established and treated with AS-IV for 4 weeks. In vitro, H9C2 cardiomyocytes subjected to CIH exposure were treated with AS-IV for 48 hours. Then the cardiac function, morphology, fibrosis, apoptosis and Ca2+ homeostasis were determined to assess cardiac damage. Results showed that AS-IV attenuated cardiac dysfunction and histological lesions in CIH rats. The increased TUNEL-positive cells and activated apoptotic proteins in CIH rats were reduced by AS-IV. We also noticed that AS-IV reversed the accumulation of Ca2+ and altered expressions of Ca2+ handling proteins (decreases of SERCA2a and RYR2, and increases of p-CaMKII and NCX1) under CIH exposure. Furthermore, CIH-induced reduction of SERCA2a activity was increased by AS-IV in rats. Similar results were also observed in H9C2 cells. Altogether, these findings indicate that AS-IV modulates Ca2+ homeostasis to inhibit apoptosis, protecting against CIH-induced myocardial injury eventually, suggesting it may be a potential agent for cardiac damage of OSAS patients. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is a great contributor of OSAS, which is closely associated with cardiovascular diseases. It is necessary for developing a promising drug to attenuate CIH-induced myocardial injury. This work suggests that AS-IV can attenuate myocardial apoptosis and calcium disruption, thus protecting against CIH-induced myocardial injury. It may represent a novel therapeutic for cardiac damage of OSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Jiao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunqiu Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxin Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinzhuo Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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5
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Yin B, Hou XW, Lu ML. Astragaloside IV attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via inhibition of calcium-sensing receptor-mediated apoptotic signaling pathways. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:599-607. [PMID: 30030530 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-018-0082-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AsIV) is an active saponin extracted from Astragalus membranaceus, which has shown cardioprotective effects in a number of experimental animals. In this study we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which AsIV attenuated the myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MI/R)-induced injury in vitro and in vivo by focusing on calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Rat neonatal cardiac myocytes were subjected to a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) procedure in vitro, which significantly decreased the cell viability, increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and increased [Ca2+]i. H/R also increased the expression of CaSR and decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels in H/R-exposed myocytes. Pretreatment with AsIV (60 μmol/L) significantly improved the cell viability and decreased LDH release, attenuated myocyte apoptosis, decreased [Ca2+]i and CaSR expression, and increased the ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels. The protective effects of AsIV against H/R injury were partially inhibited by co-treatment with a CaSR agonist, gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) or with a specific ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126. For in vivo studies, a rat MI/R model was established. Pre-administration of AsIV (80 mg/kg every day, ig) significantly decreased the myocardium infarct size, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) production, serum cardiac troponin (cTnI) levels, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the rats with MI/R injury. The therapeutic effects of AsIV were associated with the downregulation of CaSR expression and upregulation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation in myocardial tissues. In summary, astragaloside IV attenuates myocardial I/R injury via inhibition of CaSR/ERK1/2 and the related apoptotic signaling pathways.
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Wang S, Wang Y, Guo X, Li Y, Yan L, Wei C, Zhao M. Endotoxin modulates the electrophysiological characteristics of human embryonic stem cell‐differentiated cardiomyocytes. J Cell Physiol 2019. [PMCID: PMC6585610 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Gram‐negative bacteria‐induced infections result in fever, arrhythmia, and even death. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a constituent of bacteria, leads to an inflammatory response under sepsis and increase arrhythmogenesis. This study analyzed the effects on human embryonic stem cell‐differentiated cardiomyocytes (HIPSC‐CMs) exposed to LPS. A whole cell patch clamp was used to record the action potential (AP) and ionic currents with or without different doses of LPS in HIPSC‐CMs. Compared with the control, a different dose (0.04, 0.2, 1, and 5 µg/ml) of LPS‐treated HIPSC‐CMs resulted in a longer AP duration. The IC50 of sodium channel current was 1.254 µg/ml, L‐type calcium channel current was 5 µg/ml, and
Ik channel currents were 1.254 µg/ml. LPS‐treated HIPSC‐CMs showed a lower sodium channel current, L‐type calcium channel current, and
Ik channel currents. Furthermore, the expressions of Nav1.5 were decreased, and L‐Ca, Kv11.1, and Kv7.1 were increased in LPS‐treated HIPSC‐CMs. LPS‐induced arrhythmogenesis was related to the electrophysiological characteristics of sodium channel current, L‐type calcium channel current, and
Ik channel currents. These results suggest a potential mechanism of cardiomyocyte injury in endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiji Wang
- First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Yu Wang
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Institute, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio‐Cerebral Vascular System Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
| | - Xin Guo
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Institute, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio‐Cerebral Vascular System Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
| | - Yingji Li
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Institute, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio‐Cerebral Vascular System Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
| | - Li Yan
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Institute, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio‐Cerebral Vascular System Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
| | - Chengxi Wei
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Institute, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio‐Cerebral Vascular System Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Institute, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio‐Cerebral Vascular System Tongliao Inner Mongolia China
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7
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Wang J, Zhou Y, Wu S, Huang K, Thapa S, Tao L, Wang J, Shen Y, Wang J, Xue Y, Ji K. Astragaloside IV Attenuated 3,4-Benzopyrene-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Ameliorating Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:496. [PMID: 29872394 PMCID: PMC5972279 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), characterized by macrophage infiltration-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress, is a potentially fatal disease. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) has been acknowledged to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of AS-IV against AAA formation induced by 3,4-benzopyrene (Bap) and angiotensin II (Ang II), and to explore probable mechanisms. Results showed that AS-IV decreased AAA formation, and reduced macrophage infiltration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase. Furthermore, AS-IV abrogated Bap-/Ang II-induced NF-κB activation and oxidative stress. In vitro, AS-IV inhibition of macrophage activation and NF-κB was correlated with increased phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K)/AKT. Together, our findings suggest that AS-IV has potential as an intervention in the formation of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoni Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shaoze Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kaiyu Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Saroj Thapa
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Luyuan Tao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yigen Shen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yangjing Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kangting Ji
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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8
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Zhao MM, Lian WW, Li Z, Shao DX, Chen SC, Sun XF, Hu HY, Feng R, Guo F, Hao LY. Astragaloside IV Inhibits Membrane Ca[Formula: see text] Current but Enhances Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca[Formula: see text] Release. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:863-877. [PMID: 28595501 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x1750046x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is one of the active ingredients in Astragalus membrananceus (Huangqi), a traditional Chinese medicine. The present study investigated the effects of AS-IV on Ca[Formula: see text] handling in cardiac myocytes to elucidate its possible mechanism in the treatment of cardiac disease. The results showed that AS-IV at 1 and 10[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M reduced KCl-induced [Ca[Formula: see text]]i increase ([Formula: see text] from 1.33[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.04 (control, [Formula: see text] 28) to 1.22[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.02 ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] 29) and 1.22[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.02 ([Formula: see text] 0.01, [Formula: see text]), but it enhanced Ca[Formula: see text] release from SR ([Formula: see text] from 1.04[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.01 (control, [Formula: see text]) to 1.44[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.03 ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) and 1.60[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.04 ([Formula: see text] 0.01, [Formula: see text]0), in H9c2 cells. Similar results were obtained in native cardiomyocytes. AS-IV at 1 and 10[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M inhibited L-type Ca[Formula: see text] current ([Formula: see text] from [Formula: see text]4.42[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.58 pA/pF of control to [Formula: see text]2.25[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.12 pA/pF ([Formula: see text] 0.01, [Formula: see text] 5) and [Formula: see text]1.78[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]0.28 pA/pF ([Formula: see text] 0.01, [Formula: see text] 5) respectively, when the interference of [Ca[Formula: see text]]i was eliminated due to the depletion of SR Ca[Formula: see text] store by thapsigargin, an inhibitor of Ca[Formula: see text] ATPase. Moreover, when BAPTA, a rapid Ca[Formula: see text] chelator, was used, CDI (Ca[Formula: see text]-dependent inactivation) of [Formula: see text] was eliminated, and the inhibitory effects of AS-IV on ICaL were significantly reduced at the same time. These results suggest that AS-IV affects Ca[Formula: see text] homeostasis through two opposite pathways: inhibition of Ca[Formula: see text] influx through L-type Ca[Formula: see text] channel, and promotion of Ca[Formula: see text] release from SR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Mi Zhao
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Wen Lian
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Li
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Xue Shao
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, P. R. China
| | - Si-Chong Chen
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Fei Sun
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Yuan Hu
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, P. R. China
| | - Rui Feng
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, P. R. China
| | - Feng Guo
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ying Hao
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, P. R. China
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Li S, Nong Y, Gao Q, Liu J, Li Y, Cui X, Wan J, Lu J, Sun M, Wu Q, Shi X, Cui H, Liu W, Zhou M, Li L, Lin Q. Astragalus Granule Prevents Ca 2+ Current Remodeling in Heart Failure by the Downregulation of CaMKII. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2017; 2017:7517358. [PMID: 28855948 PMCID: PMC5569633 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7517358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragalus was broadly used for treating heart failure (HF) and arrhythmias in East Asia for thousands of years. Astragalus granule (AG), extracted from Astragalus, shows beneficial effect on the treatment of HF in clinical research. We hypothesized that administration of AG prevents the remodeling of L-type Ca2+ current (ICa-L) in HF mice by the downregulation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). METHODS HF mice were induced by thoracic aortic constriction (TAC). After 4 weeks of AG treatment, cardiac function and QT interval were evaluated. Single cardiac ventricular myocyte was then isolated and whole-cell patch clamp was used to record action potential (AP) and ICa-L. The expressions of L-type calcium channel alpha 1C subunit (Cav1.2), CaMKII, and phosphorylated protein kinase A (p-PKA) were examined by western blot. RESULTS The failing heart manifested distinct electrical remodeling including prolonged repolarization time and altered ICa-L kinetics. AG treatment attenuated this electrical remodeling, supported by AG-related shortened repolarization time, decreased peak ICa-L, accelerated ICa-L inactivation, and positive frequency-dependent ICa-L facilitation. In addition, AG treatment suppressed the overexpression of CaMKII, but not p-PKA, in the failing heart. CONCLUSION AG treatment protected the failing heart against electrical remodeling and ICa-L remodeling by downregulating CaMKII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinai Li
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Yibing Nong
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Qun Gao
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Yan Li
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Xiaoyun Cui
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Jie Wan
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Jinjin Lu
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Mingjie Sun
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaolu Shi
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Haifeng Cui
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Weihong Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Mingxue Zhou
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Lina Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
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10
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Qin CD, Ma DN, Ren ZG, Zhu XD, Wang CH, Wang YC, Ye BG, Cao MQ, Gao DM, Tang ZY. Astragaloside IV inhibits metastasis in hepatoma cells through the suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:1725-1735. [PMID: 28112375 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated that traditional Chinese herbal medicine 'Songyou Yin' inhibited the growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and altered epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in oxaliplatin‑treated HCC tissues and cell lines. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a component of 'Songyou Yin', can affect the growth and invasion of HCC cells and the underlying mechanism involved. Human HCC cell lines Huh7 and MHCC97-H, with low and high metastatic potential, respectively, were treated with increasing doses of AS-IV. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), plate clone formation, Transwell, wound healing and immunofluorescence assays were used to investigate the effects of AS-IV on HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The protein expression levels were analyzed by western blotting and immunofluorescence assay. The CCK-8 and plate clone formation assays showed that AS-IV had little effect on the proliferation of HCC cells in vitro. However, the Transwell and wound healing assays demonstrated that AS-IV inhibited the migration and invasion of HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner and the morphology of HCC cells was altered from spindle into oval shaped in the AS-IV pretreated groups. The upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin, vimentin, α-SMA and Slug were also observed in the AS-IV pretreated groups. Additionally, AS-IV treatment resulted in a profound decrease in the phosphorylated forms of Akt and GSK-3β, which in turn inhibited the expression of β-catenin. Thus, we conclude that AS-IV attenuates the invasive and migratory abilities of HCC cells through the inhibition of EMT by targeting the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Dong Qin
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - De-Ning Ma
- Department of Liver Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Gang Ren
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Hao Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Cong Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Gen Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Man-Qing Cao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Mei Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-You Tang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Li L, Hou X, Xu R, Liu C, Tu M. Research review on the pharmacological effects of astragaloside IV. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2016; 31:17-36. [PMID: 27567103 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus Bunge has been used to treat numerous diseases for thousands of years. As the main active substance of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge, astragaloside IV (AS-IV) also demonstrates the potent protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, liver fibrosis, and diabetic nephropathy. Based on studies published during the past several decades, the current state of AS-IV research and the pharmacological effects are detailed, elucidated, and summarized. This review systematically summarizes the pharmacological effects, metabolism mechanism, and the toxicity of AS-IV. AS-IV has multiple pharmacologic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antioxidative stress, anti-asthma, antidiabetes, immunoregulation, and cardioprotective effect via numerous signaling pathways. According to the existing studies and clinical practices, AS-IV possesses potential for broad application in many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Xiaojiao Hou
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Traditional Veterinary Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rongfang Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Traditional Veterinary Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Menbayaer Tu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Traditional Veterinary Medicine, Beijing, China
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12
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Mg(2+)-dependent facilitation and inactivation of L-type Ca(2+) channels in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 129:143-9. [PMID: 26422671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the intracellular Mg(2+) regulation of the L-type Ca(2+) channels in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. By adopting the inside-out configuration of the patch clamp technique, single channel currents of the L-type Ca(2+) channels were recorded at different intracellular Mg(2+) concentrations ([Mg(2+)]i). At free [Mg(2+)]i of 0, 10(-9), 10(-7), 10(-5), 10(-3), and 10(-1) M, 1.4 μM CaM + 3 mM ATP induced channel activities of 44%, 117%, 202%, 181%, 147%, and 20% of the control activity in cell-attached mode, respectively, showing a bell-shaped concentration-response relationship. Moreover, the intracellular Mg(2+) modulated the Ca(2+) channel gating properties, accounting for alterations in channel activities. These results imply that Mg(2+) has a dual effect on the L-type Ca(2+) channels: facilitation and inhibition. Lower [Mg(2+)]i maintains and enhances the basal activity of Ca(2+) channels, whereas higher [Mg(2+)]i inhibits channel activity. Taken together, our data from the application of an [Mg(2+)]i series suggest that the dual effect of Mg(2+) upon the L-type Ca(2+) channels exhibits long open-time dependence.
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Ji K, Chen J, Hu J, Xue Y, Yin R, Lu Q, Wu W, Wang G, Wang X, Song X, Li J, Liao L, Tang J. The protective effect of astragaloside IV against benzo[a]pyrene induced endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction. Life Sci 2015; 132:13-9. [PMID: 25916804 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a prominent component of tobacco, has been revealed to induce damage to endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in China. In this study, we evaluated the effects of AS-IV on the function of human EPCs after BaP exposure and explored the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells were isolated using density gradient centrifugation. Cells of the 4th passage were randomly divided into 6 groups. EPCs of experimental groups were pre-treated with different concentrations (2, 10 and 50 μg/mL) of AS-IV for 2h before exposure to BaP (20 μM) for 24h. The proliferation, migration, and adhesion of the treated EPCs were evaluated using a cell counting kit-8, Transwell assay and adhesion assay respectively. Interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, malondialdehyde and SOD contents in the supernatant were evaluated. The expression of RAGE protein was measured by Western blotting. KEY FINDINGS The results demonstrated that AS-IV pre-treatment significantly improved BaP-induced dysfunction of EPCs in terms of proliferation, migration and adhesion. Furthermore, AS-IV reduced the production of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α of the BaP-treated EPCs. Finally AS-IV pre-treated EPCs showed an increased SOD activity and decreased RAGE protein expression. SIGNIFICANCE AS-IV is able to prevent BaP-mediated EPC dysfunction by at least inhibiting oxidative stress through the RAGE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangting Ji
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Cardiac Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jianjian Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yangjing Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ripeng Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Wenwu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xifa Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lianming Liao
- Department of Oncology, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Jifei Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Zhao M, Shao D, Yu L, Sun X, Wang Y, Hu H, Feng R, Gao Q, Guo F, Hao L. Electrophysiological effect and the gating mechanism of astragaloside IV on L-type Ca(2+) channels of guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 760:27-35. [PMID: 25891370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is one of the main active ingredients of Astragalus membranaceus. This study is aimed to investigate AS-IV׳s effects on Ca(2+) channel activity of single cardiomyocytes and single Ca(2+) channels. Whole-cell Ca(2+) currents in freshly dissociated cardiomyocytes were measured using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Single Ca(2+) channel currents were examined in cell-attached patches and inside-out patches. In the whole-cell recording, AS-IV reduced the amplitude of L-type Ca(2+) currents (ICaL) in a concentration-dependent manner. Although AS-IV did not alter the steady-state activation curves, the voltage dependence of the current inactivation curves was negatively shifted by AS-IV in a concentration dependent manner. Consistent with the results of the whole-cell recording, in the inside-out configuration the ensemble average of single Ba(2+) current via L-type Ca(2+) channel was dose-dependently reduced by AS-IV. The reduction of unitary Ba(2+) current at 0.1 or 1 µM AS-IV was accounted for a decrease in the channel activity (NPo). In addition to the decrease in NPo, there was a reduction of Po without a change in channel number or an apparent change in single channel current. Furthermore, we found that the open-closed kinetics of the channel were affected by AS-IV. AS-IV induced the shift of L-type Ca(2+) channels from either brief openings (mode 1) or long-lasting openings (mode 2) to no active opening (mode 0). Our results suggest that AS-IV blocks the currents through Ca(2+) channels in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes by affecting the open-closed kinetics of L-type Ca(2+) channels to inhibit the channel activities. This study could provide theoretical basis for the drug exploiting of the monomer of Astragalus membranaceus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimi Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Cardiovascular Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Dongxue Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Lifeng Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xuefei Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Huiyuan Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Qinghua Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Liying Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Cardiovascular Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
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The differential effects of a selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist, U50488, in guinea pig heart tissues. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:906039. [PMID: 25815340 PMCID: PMC4359854 DOI: 10.1155/2015/906039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The differential effects of a selective kappa- (κ-) opioid receptor agonist, U50488, were elucidated by monitoring the contraction of isolated guinea pig atrial and ventricular muscles. In electrically driven left atria, U50488 in nanomolar concentration range decreased the contractile force. Norbinaltorphimine (norBNI), a selective κ-receptor antagonist, and pertussis toxin (PTX) abolished the negative inotropic effect of U50488. In contrast, the inhibitory effect was not affected by the pretreatment of atropine or propranolol. Even though U50488 exerted a negative inotropic effect in the left atrium, it did not affect the contractile force of the right atrium and ventricles paced at 2 Hz. Similarly, the beating rate of the spontaneously beating right atrium was also unaffected by U50488. These results indicate that the activation of κ-opioid receptors can only produce negative inotropic effect in left atria via activation of PTX-sensitive G protein in guinea pigs. The absence of negative inotropic effects in right atria and ventricles suggests that there may be a greater distribution of functional κ-opioid receptors in guinea pig left atria than in right atria and ventricles, and the distribution of the receptors may be species-specific.
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16
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Lu M, Tang F, Zhang J, Luan A, Mei M, Xu C, Zhang S, Wang H, Maslov LN. Astragaloside IV attenuates injury caused by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in rats via regulation of toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2015; 29:599-606. [PMID: 25604645 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury, in which inflammatory response and cell apoptosis play a vital role, is frequently encountered in clinical practice. Astragaloside IV (AsIV), a small molecular saponin of Astragalus membranaceus, has been shown to confer protective effects against many cardiovascular diseases. The present study was aimed to investigate the antiinflammatory and antiapoptotic effects and the possible mechanism of AsIV on MI/R injury in rats. Rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, MI/R group and groups with combinations of MI/R and different doses of AsIV. The results showed that the expressions of myocardial toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were significantly increased, and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was induced in MI/R group compared with that in sham operation group. Administration of AsIV attenuated MI/R injury, downregulated the expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB and inhibited cell apoptosis as evidenced by decreased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling positive cells, B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein and caspase-3 expressions and increased B-cell lymphoma-2 expression compared with that in MI/R group. In addition, AsIV treatment reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines induced by MI/R injury. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that AsIV downregulates TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and inhibits cell apoptosis, subsequently attenuating MI/R injury in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meili Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, PR China
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Li X, Qu L, Dong Y, Han L, Liu E, Fang S, Zhang Y, Wang T. A review of recent research progress on the astragalus genus. Molecules 2014; 19:18850-80. [PMID: 25407722 PMCID: PMC6270929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191118850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragalus L., is one of the largest genuses of flowering plants in the Leguminosae family. Roots of A. membranaceus Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao, A. membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. and its processed products are listed in the China Pharmacopeia for “qi deficiency” syndrome treatment. However, more and more researches on other species of Astragalus have been conducted recently. We summarize the recent researches of Astragalus species in phytochemistry and pharmacology. More than 200 constituents, including saponins and flavonoids, obtained from 46 species of Astragalus genus were collected for this article. In pharmacological studies, crude extracts of Astragalus, as well as isolated constituents showed anti-inflammatory, immunostimulant, antioxidative, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and antiviral activities. The goal of this article is to provide an overview of chemical and pharmacological studies on the Astragalus species over the last 10 years, which could be of value to new drug or food supplement research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Lu Qu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Yongzhe Dong
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Erwei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Shiming Fang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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18
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Kim MH, Kim SH, Yang WM. Beneficial effects of Astragaloside IV for hair loss via inhibition of Fas/Fas L-mediated apoptotic signaling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92984. [PMID: 24676213 PMCID: PMC3968031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis with premature termination of hair follicle growth induces several types of hair loss and is one of the crucial factors of hair loss. Astragaloside IV, which is a major component of Astragalus membranaceus, is a cycloartane triterpene saponin. Although an anti-apoptotic effect of Astragaloside IV has been reported, its effects against hair loss have not been investigated. To explore the underlying mechanisms of Astragaloside IV on apoptotic signaling in hair follicle, the dorsal skin of depilated C57BL/6 mice was topically treated with 1 and 100 μM Astragaloside IV for 14 days. In Astragaloside IV-treated group, TUNEL-positive cells were reduced. We found that Astragaloside IV blocked the procaspase-8, resulting in the inhibition of caspase-3 and procaspase-9 activities. The changes were accompanied with down-regulation of Bax and p53, and up-regulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL by Astragaloside IV treatment. In addition, activation of NF-κB and phosphorylation of IκB-α were inhibited, along with decreases in three MAPKs: ERK, SAPK/JNK and p38 by Astragaloside IV. The expressions of KGF, p21, TNF-α and IL-1β, which are keratinocyte terminal differentiation markers associated with catagen, were modulated by treatment with Astragaloside IV. These results demonstrated that Astragaloside IV is concerned with blocking the Fas/Fas L-mediated apoptotic pathway, which would be an alternative therapy for hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hye Kim
- College of Korean Medicine and Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong Mo Yang
- College of Korean Medicine and Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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19
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Yeh TS, Chuang HL, Huang WC, Chen YM, Huang CC, Hsu MC. Astragalus membranaceus improves exercise performance and ameliorates exercise-induced fatigue in trained mice. Molecules 2014; 19:2793-807. [PMID: 24595275 PMCID: PMC6271379 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19032793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus (AM) is a popular "Qi-tonifying" herb with a long history of use as a Traditional Chinese Medicine with multiple biological functions. However, evidence for the effects of AM on exercise performance and physical fatigue is limited. We evaluated the potential beneficial effects of AM on ergogenic and anti-fatigue functions following physiological challenge. Male ICR strain mice were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 10 per group) for treatment: (1) sedentary control and vehicle treatment (vehicle control); (2) exercise training with vehicle treatment (exercise control); and (3) exercise training with AM treatment at 0.615 g/kg/day (Ex-AM1) or (4) 3.075 g/kg/day (Ex-AM5). Both the vehicle and AM were orally administered for 6 weeks. Exercise performance and anti-fatigue function were evaluated by forelimb grip strength, exhaustive swimming time, and levels of serum lactate, ammonia, glucose, and creatine kinase after 15-min swimming exercise. Exercise training combined with AM supplementation increased endurance exercise capacity and increased hepatic and muscle glycogen content. AM reduced exercise-induced accumulation of the byproducts blood lactate and ammonia with acute exercise challenge. Moreover, we found no deleterious effects from AM treatment. Therefore, AM supplementation improved exercise performance and had anti-fatigue effects in mice. It may be an effective ergogenic aid in exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Shao Yeh
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Li Chuang
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Huang
- Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Chich Hsu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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Qi W, Niu J, Qin Q, Qiao Z, Gu Y. Astragaloside IV attenuates glycated albumin-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by inhibiting oxidative stress in renal proximal tubular cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2014; 19:105-14. [PMID: 23719694 PMCID: PMC3857426 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-013-0438-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In diabetic kidney disease (DKD), epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a classic pathological process in tubular damage. Oxidative stress is considered to play an important role in DKD. Astragaloside IV (A-IV), one of the main active ingredients of Astragalus membranaceus, exhibits a wide range of biological activities. However, the effect of A-IV on regulating EMT in tubular cells is unclear. This study aims to determine whether A-IV could attenuate glycated albumin (GA)-induced EMT in the NRK-52E cell line by inhibiting oxidative stress. GA and A-IV-induced cytotoxicity were assayed by CCK-8. The intercellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was detected by H2DCFDA. The activity of NADPH oxidase was assayed by adding exogenous NADPH oxidase, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) units were observed by NBT. We used a microscope to examine the morphology of the NRK-52E cell line. We conducted a wound healing assay to measure cell mobility. To determine mRNA and protein expressions of α-SMA and E-cadherin, we used real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR), immunofluorescence, and western blot analysis. A-IV significantly attenuated GA-induced amplification of ROS, lowered the increased level of NADPH oxidase activity, and elevated the decreased level of SOD units. The GA-induced NRK-52E cell line showed increased expression of α-SMA and decreased expression of E-cadherin in mRNA and protein levels, whereas A-IV alleviated the expression of α-SMA and increased the expression of E-cadherin. Our data demonstrate that GA could induce NRK-52E cell line EMT through oxidative stress. This effect could be attenuated by A-IV via regulation of the impaired redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Qi
- />Nephrology Department, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Jianying Niu
- />Nephrology Department, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Qiaojing Qin
- />Nephrology Department, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Zhongdong Qiao
- />School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Yong Gu
- />Nephrology Department, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240 China
- />Nephrology Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240 China
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