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Evans JT, Bess LS, Mwakwari SC, Livesay MT, Li Y, Cybulski V, Johnson DA, Bazin HG. Synthetic Toll-like Receptors 7 and 8 Agonists: Structure-Activity Relationship in the Oxoadenine Series. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:15665-15677. [PMID: 31572869 PMCID: PMC6761749 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors 7 and 8 (TLR7/8) are broadly expressed on antigen-presenting cells, making TLR7/8 agonists likely candidates for the development of new vaccine adjuvants. We previously reported the synthesis of a new series of 8-oxoadenines substituted at the 9-position with a 4-piperidinylalkyl moiety and demonstrated that TLR7/8 selectivity and potency could be modulated by varying the length of the alkyl linker. In the present study, we broadened our initial structure-activity relationship study to further evaluate the effects of N-heterocycle ring size, chirality, and substitution on TLR7/8 potency, receptor selectivity, and cytokine (IFNα and TNFα) induction from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). TLR7/8 activity correlated primarily to linker length and to a lesser extent to ring size, while ring chirality had little effect on TLR7/8 potency or selectivity. Substitution of the heterocyclic ring with an aminoalkyl or hydroxyalkyl group for subsequent conjugation to phospholipids or antigens was well tolerated with the retention of both TLR7/8 activity and cytokine induction from human PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay T. Evans
- GSK
Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis
Road, Hamilton, Montana 59840, United States
- Division of Biological Sciences and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59802, United States
| | - Laura S. Bess
- GSK
Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis
Road, Hamilton, Montana 59840, United States
- Division of Biological Sciences and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59802, United States
| | - Sandra C. Mwakwari
- GSK
Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis
Road, Hamilton, Montana 59840, United States
| | - Mark T. Livesay
- GSK
Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis
Road, Hamilton, Montana 59840, United States
- Division of Biological Sciences and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59802, United States
| | - Yufeng Li
- GSK
Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis
Road, Hamilton, Montana 59840, United States
| | - Van Cybulski
- GSK
Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis
Road, Hamilton, Montana 59840, United States
- Division of Biological Sciences and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59802, United States
| | - David A. Johnson
- GSK
Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis
Road, Hamilton, Montana 59840, United States
| | - Hélène G. Bazin
- GSK
Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis
Road, Hamilton, Montana 59840, United States
- Division of Biological Sciences and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59802, United States
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2
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Kettle JG, Alwan H, Bista M, Breed J, Davies NL, Eckersley K, Fillery S, Foote KM, Goodwin L, Jones DR, Käck H, Lau A, Nissink JWM, Read J, Scott JS, Taylor B, Walker G, Wissler L, Wylot M. Potent and Selective Inhibitors of MTH1 Probe Its Role in Cancer Cell Survival. J Med Chem 2016; 59:2346-61. [PMID: 26878898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent literature has claimed that inhibition of the enzyme MTH1 can eradicate cancer. MTH1 is one of the "housekeeping" enzymes that are responsible for hydrolyzing damaged nucleotides in cells and thus prevent them from being incorporated into DNA. We have developed orthogonal and chemically distinct tool compounds to those published in the literature to allow us to test the hypothesis that inhibition of MTH1 has wide applicability in the treatment of cancer. Here we present the work that led to the discovery of three structurally different series of MTH1 inhibitors with excellent potency, selectivity, and proven target engagement in cells. None of these compounds elicited the reported cellular phenotype, and additional siRNA and CRISPR experiments further support these observations. Critically, the difference between the responses of our highly selective inhibitors and published tool compounds suggests that the effect reported for the latter may be due to off-target cytotoxic effects. As a result, we conclude that the role of MTH1 in carcinogenesis and utility of its inhibition is yet to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason G Kettle
- Oncology Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca , 35S47 Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Husam Alwan
- Oncology Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca , 35S47 Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Michal Bista
- Oncology Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca , Unit 310, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Jason Breed
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca , Unit 310, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Nichola L Davies
- Oncology Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca , Unit 310, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Kay Eckersley
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca , Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Shaun Fillery
- Oncology Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca , Unit 310, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin M Foote
- Oncology Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca , Unit 310, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Goodwin
- Oncology Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca , 35S47 Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - David R Jones
- Oncology Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca , 35S47 Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Käck
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca , Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Alan Lau
- Oncology Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca , 35S47 Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - J Willem M Nissink
- Oncology Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca , Unit 310, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Read
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca , Unit 310, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - James S Scott
- Oncology Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca , Unit 310, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Taylor
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca , Unit 310, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme Walker
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca , Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Wissler
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca , Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Marta Wylot
- Oncology Innovative Medicines Unit, AstraZeneca , Unit 310, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
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3
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Bazin HG, Li Y, Khalaf JK, Mwakwari S, Livesay MT, Evans JT, Johnson DA. Structural requirements for TLR7-selective signaling by 9-(4-piperidinylalkyl)-8-oxoadenine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:1318-23. [PMID: 25698055 PMCID: PMC4357173 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and biological evaluation of a new series of 8-oxoadenines substituted at the 9-position with a 4-piperidinylalkyl moiety. In vitro evaluation of the piperidinyl-substituted oxoadenines 3a-g in human TLR7- or TLR8-transfected HEK293 cells and in human PBMCs indicated that TLR7/8 selectivity/potency and cytokine induction can be modulated by varying the length of the alkyl linker. Oxoadenine 3f containing a 5-carbon linker was found to be the most potent TLR7 agonist and IFNα inducer in the series whereas 3b possessing a 1-carbon linker was the most potent TLR8 agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène G Bazin
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Yufeng Li
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Juhienah K Khalaf
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Sandra Mwakwari
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Mark T Livesay
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Jay T Evans
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - David A Johnson
- GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines, 553 Old Corvallis Road, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
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