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Xiao J, Zhou GH, Zhou AX, Ji CB. Progress towards the Total Syntheses of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids γ-Lycorane. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200410. [PMID: 35833868 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
γ-Lycorane, a degradation product of the Aromaticaceae alkaloid lycorine, is one of the most attractive molecules in the Aromaticaceae family. It remains a popular target for synthesis due to its pentacyclic structure, which presents a vehicle for demonstrating the utility of new synthetic strategies. Various synthetic methods have been developed by synthetic chemists since the first synthesis of γ-lycorane by Nasuo in 1966. Thus, this review presents an overview of the literature on the ways utilized within the synthesis of γ-lycorane in racemic and enantiopure forms via electrophilic arylation, Pd-catalyzed C-C coupling, Bischler-Napieralski cyclization, Pictet-Spengler cyclization, photocyclization, radical cyclization, chiral pool synthesis, chiral auxiliary-mediated synthesis, and catalytic asymmetric synthesis, ranging from 1966 to 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Shangrao Normal University, School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, No. 401, Zhimin Road, Shangrao city, CHINA
| | - Guang-Hua Zhou
- NanChang Normal University, School of Chemistry and Food Science, No. 889 Ruixiang Road, Nanchang, CHINA
| | - An-Xi Zhou
- Shangrao Normal University, School of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, No. 401, Zhimin Road, Shangrao city, CHINA
| | - Cong-Bin Ji
- Shangrao Normal University, Chemistry, Zhimin road 401, Shangrao city, Jiangxi province, People's Republic of Chin, 334001, Shangrao, CHINA
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2
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Dell'Aera M, Perna FM, Vitale P, Altomare A, Palmieri A, Maddock LCH, Bole LJ, Kennedy AR, Hevia E, Capriati V. Boosting Conjugate Addition to Nitroolefins Using Lithium Tetraorganozincates: Synthetic Strategies and Structural Insights. Chemistry 2020; 26:8742-8748. [PMID: 32181938 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We report the first transition metal catalyst- and ligand-free conjugate addition of lithium tetraorganozincates (R4 ZnLi2 ) to nitroolefins. Displaying enhanced nucleophilicity combined with unique chemoselectivity and functional group tolerance, homoleptic aliphatic and aromatic R4 ZnLi2 provide access to valuable nitroalkanes in up to 98 % yield under mild conditions (0 °C) and short reaction time (30 min). This is particularly remarkable when employing β-nitroacrylates and β-nitroenones, where despite the presence of other electrophilic groups, selective 1,4 addition to the C=C is preferred. Structural and spectroscopic studies confirmed the formation of tetraorganozincate species in solution, the nature of which has been a long debated issue, and allowed to unveil the key role played by donor additives on the aggregation and structure of these reagents. Thus, while chelating N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) and (R,R)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (TMCDA) favour the formation of contacted-ion pair zincates, macrocyclic Lewis donor 12-crown-4 triggers an immediate disproportionation process of Et4 ZnLi2 into equimolar amounts of solvent-separated Et3 ZnLi and EtLi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Dell'Aera
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Bari "A. Moro", Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.,Istituto di Cristallografia (IC-CNR), Via Amendola 122/o, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Filippo Maria Perna
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Bari "A. Moro", Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Vitale
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Bari "A. Moro", Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Altomare
- Istituto di Cristallografia (IC-CNR), Via Amendola 122/o, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palmieri
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Lewis C H Maddock
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde Glasgow, G1 1XL, Glasgow, UK
| | - Leonie J Bole
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alan R Kennedy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde Glasgow, G1 1XL, Glasgow, UK
| | - Eva Hevia
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vito Capriati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Bari "A. Moro", Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.,Dipartimento di Chimica, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici (ICCOM)-CNR, Università di Bari "A. Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
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3
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Monaco A, Szulc BR, Rao ZX, Barniol-Xicota M, Sehailia M, Borges BMA, Hilton ST. Short Total Synthesis of (±)-γ-Lycorane by a Sequential Intramolecular Acylal Cyclisation (IAC) and Intramolecular Heck Addition Reaction. Chemistry 2017; 23:4750-4755. [PMID: 28217842 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
An intramolecular acylal cyclisation (IAC) approach to the synthesis of a range of bicyclic heterocycles is reported. As an example of the utility of the IAC reaction, the methodology was applied in a protecting-group-free five-step total synthesis of (±)-γ-lycorane, incorporating a new intramolecular Heck addition reaction to generate the pentacyclic core structure of the natural product in good yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Monaco
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Blanka R Szulc
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Zenobia X Rao
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Marta Barniol-Xicota
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Moussa Sehailia
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Bruno M A Borges
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Stephen T Hilton
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
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Ghirardi E, Griera R, Piccichè M, Molins E, Fernández I, Bosch J, Amat M. Stereocontrolled Access to Enantiopure 7-Substituted cis- and trans-Octahydroindoles. Org Lett 2016; 18:5836-5839. [PMID: 27797535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cyclocondensation of (R)-phenylglycinol with stereoisomeric mixtures (racemates, cis/trans) of 3-substituted 2-oxocyclohexaneacetates stereoselectively afforded tricyclic oxazoloindolone lactams, from which straightforward procedures for the stereocontrolled formation of enantiopure 7-substituted octahydroindoles with a variety of stereochemical patterns have been developed. The methodology has been successfully applied to the synthesis of (+)-α-lycorane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ghirardi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona , 080028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Griera
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona , 080028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Piccichè
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona , 080028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elies Molins
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB, CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193-Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad Complutense de Madrid , 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Bosch
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona , 080028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Amat
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona , 080028-Barcelona, Spain
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Nuhant P, Allais C, Chen MZ, Coe JW, Dermenci A, Fadeyi OO, Flick AC, Mousseau JJ. Access to Highly Substituted 7-Azaindoles from 2-Fluoropyridines via 7-Azaindoline Intermediates. Org Lett 2015; 17:4292-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Nuhant
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Christophe Allais
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Ming Z. Chen
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jotham W. Coe
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Alpay Dermenci
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Olugbeminiyi O. Fadeyi
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Andrew C. Flick
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - James J. Mousseau
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichi Yamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Tomioka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts; Kyoto Japan
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Muraoka O, Yasuhara T, Zaima N, Yamazaki M. First Total Synthesis of Crispine B by Nitro Aldol and the Bischler-Napieralski Reaction. HETEROCYCLES 2009. [DOI: 10.3987/com-08-s(f)104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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