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Li F, Xie W, Ding X, Xu K, Fu X. Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of the genus Tamarix: a comprehensive review. Arch Pharm Res 2024; 47:410-441. [PMID: 38750332 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-024-01498-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The genus Tamarix in the Tamaricaceae family consists of more than 100 species of halophyte plants worldwide that are mainly used to improve saline-alkali land and for coastal windbreaks, sand fixation, and afforestation in arid areas. A considerable number of species in this genus are also used as traditional medicines to treat various human diseases, especially in Asian and African countries. This review presents a comprehensive summary of 655 naturally occurring compounds derived from the genus Tamarix, categorized into flavonoids (18.0%), phenols (13.9%), tannins (9.3%), terpenoids (10.5%), essential oils (31.0%), and others (17.3%). The investigation revealed that the crude extracts and phytochemicals of this genus exhibited significant therapeutic potential, including anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer, anticancer, antidiabetic, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. Six species of Tamarix have anticancer effects by causing cancer cell death, inducing autophagy, and stopping cell division. Seven species from the same genus have the potential for treating diabetes by inhibiting α-glycosidase activity, suppressing human islet amyloid polypeptide, regulating blood glucose levels, and modulating autophagy or inflammation. The focus on antibacterial and antidiabetic effects is due to the presence of volatile oil and flavonoid components. Extensive research has been conducted on the biological activity of 30 constituents, including 15 flavonoids, 5 phenols, 3 terpenoids, 1 tannin, and 6 others. Therefore, future research should thoroughly study the mechanisms of action of these and similar compounds. This is the most comprehensive review of the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Tamarix species, with a critical assessment of the current state of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Li
- Research Institute for Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, The SATCM's Key Unit of Discovering and Developing New Marine TCM Drugs, Key Laboratory of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shandong Universities, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center on Omics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Research in Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Technology Innovation Center of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine's Deep Development and Industrialization, Qingdao, 266114, China
| | - Wenli Xie
- Research Institute for Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, The SATCM's Key Unit of Discovering and Developing New Marine TCM Drugs, Key Laboratory of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shandong Universities, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center on Omics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Research in Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Technology Innovation Center of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine's Deep Development and Industrialization, Qingdao, 266114, China
| | - Xianrui Ding
- Research Institute for Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, The SATCM's Key Unit of Discovering and Developing New Marine TCM Drugs, Key Laboratory of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shandong Universities, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center on Omics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Research in Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Technology Innovation Center of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine's Deep Development and Industrialization, Qingdao, 266114, China
| | - Kuo Xu
- Research Institute for Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, The SATCM's Key Unit of Discovering and Developing New Marine TCM Drugs, Key Laboratory of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shandong Universities, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center on Omics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Research in Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Technology Innovation Center of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine's Deep Development and Industrialization, Qingdao, 266114, China.
- Chun'an First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 311700, China.
| | - Xianjun Fu
- Research Institute for Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, The SATCM's Key Unit of Discovering and Developing New Marine TCM Drugs, Key Laboratory of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shandong Universities, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center on Omics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Research in Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao Key Technology Innovation Center of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine's Deep Development and Industrialization, Qingdao, 266114, China.
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Mahadi TM, Yagi S, Nilofar, Caprioli G, Piatti D, Ricciutelli M, Uba AI, Ponniya SKM, Eltigani SM, Zengin G. Assessing the Chemical Profile and Biological Potentials of Tamarix aphylla (L.) H.Karst. and Tamarix senegalensis DC. by In Vitro, In Silico, and Network Methodologies. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04924-4. [PMID: 38558274 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04924-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the chemical profile, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibition properties of extracts from fruits and aerial parts (leaves and twigs) of Tamarix aphylla and T. senegalensis. Hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol extracts were prepared sequentially by maceration. Results revealed that EtOAc extracts of T. senegalensis and T. aphylla fruits contained the highest total phenolic content (113.74 and 111.21 mg GAE/g) while that of T. senegalensis (38.47 mg RE/g) recorded the highest total flavonoids content. Among the quantified compounds; ellagic, gallic, 3-hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, syringic, p-coumaric acids, isorhamnetin, procyanidin B2, and kaempferol were the most abundant compounds in the two species. EtOAc extracts of the two organs of T. senegalensis in addition to MeOH extract of T. aphylla aerial parts displayed the highest chelating power (21.00-21.30 mg EDTAE/g, p > 0.05). The highest anti-AChE (3.11 mg GALAE/g) and anti-BChE (3.62 mg GALAE/g) activities were recorded from the hexane and EtOAc extracts of T. senegalensis aerial parts and fruits, respectively. EtOAc extracts of the fruits of the two species exerted the highest anti-tyrosinase (anti-Tyr) activity (99.44 and 98.65 mg KAE/g, p > 0.05). Also, the EtOAc extracts of the both organs of the two species exhibited highest anti-glucosidase activity (0.88-0.90 mmol ACAE/g, p > 0.05) while the best anti-α-amylase activity was recorded from the dichloromethane extract of T. senegalensis fruits (0.74 mmol ACAE/g). In this study, network pharmacology was employed to examine the connection between compounds from Tamarix and their potential effectiveness against Alzheimer's disease. The compounds demonstrated potential interactions with pivotal genes including APP, GSK3B, and CDK5, indicating a therapeutic potential. Molecular docking was carried out to understand the binding mode and interaction of the compounds with the target enzymes. Key interactions observed, such as H-bonds, promoted the binding, and weaker ones, such as van der Waals attractions, reinforced it. These findings suggest that these two Tamarix species possess bioactive properties with health-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawsol M Mahadi
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
- Department of Biochemistry, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine and Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Sakina Yagi
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, LAE, Nancy, F-54000, France.
| | - Nilofar
- Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, 42130, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio", via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, 66100, Italy
| | - Giovanni Caprioli
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9/B, Camerino, 62032, Italy
| | - Diletta Piatti
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9/B, Camerino, 62032, Italy
| | - Massimo Ricciutelli
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP), School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9/B, Camerino, 62032, Italy
| | - Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul AREL University, Istanbul, 34537, Turkey
| | | | - Sayadat M Eltigani
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Gökhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, 42130, Turkey.
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Fayed MAA, Bakr RO, Yosri N, Khalifa SAM, El-Seedi HR, Hamdan DI, Refaey MS. Chemical profiling and cytotoxic potential of the n-butanol fraction of Tamarix nilotica flowers. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:169. [PMID: 37226153 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03989-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer represents one of the biggest healthcare issues confronting humans and one of the big challenges for scientists in trials to dig into our nature for new remedies or to develop old ones with fewer side effects. Halophytes are widely distributed worldwide in areas of harsh conditions in dunes, and inland deserts, where, to cope with those conditions they synthesize important secondary metabolites highly valued in the medical field. Several Tamarix species are halophytic including T.nilotica which is native to Egypt, with a long history in its tradition, found in its papyri and in folk medicine to treat various ailments. METHODS LC-LTQ-MS-MS analysis and 1H-NMR were used to identify the main phytoconstituents in the n- butanol fraction of T.nilotica flowers. The extract was tested in vitro for its cytotoxic effect against breast (MCF-7) and liver cell carcinoma (Huh-7) using SRB assay. RESULTS T.nilotica n-butanol fraction of the flowers was found to be rich in phenolic content, where, LC-LTQ-MS-MS allowed the tentative identification of thirty-nine metabolites, based on the exact mass, the observed spectra fragmentation patterns, and the literature data, varying between tannins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. 1H-NMR confirmed the classes tentatively identified. The in-vitro evaluation of the n-butanol fraction showed lower activity on MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 > 100 µg/mL, while the higher promising effect was against Huh-7 cell lines with an IC50= 37 µg/mL. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that T.nilotica flowers' n-butanol fraction is representing a promising cytotoxic candidate against liver cell carcinoma having potential phytoconstituents with variable targets and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A A Fayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt.
| | - Riham O Bakr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Nermeen Yosri
- Chemistry Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (RIMAP), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Shaden A M Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Nanjing, 210024, China
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, P.O. Box 591, 751 24, Uppsala, SE, Sweden
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom, 32512, Egypt
| | - Dalia I Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom, 32511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Refaey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
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Orabi MAA, Zidan SAH, Attia GH, Alyami HS, Matsunami K, Hatano T. Ellagitannins and simple phenolics from the halophytic plant Tamarix nilotica. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:177-185. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1774757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. A. Orabi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut-branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Sabry A. H. Zidan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut-branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Gouda H. Attia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad S. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katsuyoshi Matsunami
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hatano
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Bahramsoltani R, Kalkhorani M, Abbas Zaidi SM, Farzaei MH, Rahimi R. The genus Tamarix: Traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 246:112245. [PMID: 31542471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Tamarix L., with the common name of tamarisk, consists of more than 60 species of halophyte plants which are used for medicinal purposes such as infections, wounds, and liver and spleen disorders by local people mostly in Asian and African countries. AIM OF THE REVIEW In spite of the potential health benefits of Tamarix spp., the plant is not yet well-known in modern medicine; thus, the aim of the present review is to provide a critical appraisal of the current state of the art regarding the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of Tamarix spp. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases (Medline, Cochrane library, Science Direct, and Scopus) were searched with the words "Tamarix" and "Tamarisk" to collect all available data regarding different Tamarix species from the inception until May 2019. RESULTS Tamarix spp. is traditionally used for gastrointestinal disorders, wounds, diabetes, and dental problems. Phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins constitute the main phytochemicals of these plants. Preclinical pharmacological evaluations have demonstrated several biological activities for Tamarix spp. including antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, wound healing, and anti-inflammatory; however, no clinical evidence have yet been provided to support the health benefits of these plants. CONCLUSIONS Tamarix spp. are plants rich in polyphenolic compounds with valuable medicinal properties; though, there are several methodological problems such as lack of a mechanistic approach and taxonomic ambiguities in the current available data. High-quality preclinical studies, as well as well-designed clinical trials are necessary to confirm the safety and efficacy of these plants in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roodabeh Bahramsoltani
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Kalkhorani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Syed Mohd Abbas Zaidi
- Department of Moalajat (Internal Medicine), Hakim Syed Ziaul Hasan Government Unani Medical College, Bhopal, India
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Isorhamnetin, Hispidulin, and Cirsimaritin Identified in Tamarix ramosissima Barks from Southern Xinjiang and Their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030390. [PMID: 30678248 PMCID: PMC6384871 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As a natural potential resource, Tamarix ramosissima has been widely used as barbecue skewers for a good taste and unique flavor. The polyphenolics in the branch bark play a key role in the quality improvement. The purposes of the present work were to explore the polyphenolic composition of T. ramosissima bark extract and assess their potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Hispidulin and cirsimaritin from T. ramosissima bark extract were first identified in the Tamarix genus reported with UPLC-MS analysis. Isorhamnetin (36.91 μg/mg extract), hispidulin (28.79 μg/mg extract) and cirsimaritin (13.35 μg/mg extract) are rich in the bark extract. The extract exhibited promising antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 117.05 μg/mL for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 151.57 μg/mL for hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, as well as excellent reducing power with an EC50 of 93.77 μg/mL. The bark extract showed appreciable antibacterial properties against foodborne pathogens. Listeria monocytogenes was the most sensitive microorganism with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 5 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value of 10 mg/mL followed by S. castellani and S. aureus among the tested bacteria. The T. ramosissima bark extract showed significantly stronger inhibitory activity against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria. Nevertheless, this extract failed to show any activity against tested fungi. Overall, these results suggested that T. ramosissima shows potential in improving food quality due to its highly efficacious antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
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Sekkien A, Swilam N, Ebada SS, Esmat A, El-Khatib AH, Linscheid MW, Singab AN. Polyphenols from Tamarix nilotica: LC⁻ESI-MS n Profiling and In Vivo Antifibrotic Activity. Molecules 2018; 23:E1411. [PMID: 29891794 PMCID: PMC6100050 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tamarix nilotica (Ehrenb.) Bunge (Tamaricaceae), an indigenous plant to the Middle East region, is well-known as a medicinal plant for treating many human ailments. The current study aimed at exploring the polyphenol profile of the alcohol soluble fraction of aqueous T. nilotica extract, assessing its in vivo antifibrotic activity and the possible underlying mechanism, to unravel the impact of quantitative difference of sulphated polyphenols content on the antifibrotic activity of T. nilotca grown in two different habitats. Polyphenol profiling of T. nilotica extracts was performed using HPLC-HRESI-QTOF-MS-MS. The major polyphenol components included sulphated flavonoids, phenolic acids and free aglycones. The antifibrotic activity was evaluated through carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Biochemical evaluations revealed that both fractions ameliorated the increased levels of hepatic aminotransferases, lipid peroxidation, hydroxyproline, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Moreover, both fractions reduced catalase activity (CAT) and enhanced hepatic glutathione (GSH) content. Histopathological imaging undoubtedly confirmed such results. In conclusion, the T. nilotica polyphenol-rich fraction exhibited potential antifibrotic activity in rats. Significant alterations in GSH levels were recorded based on the sulphated polyphenol metabolite content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Sekkien
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo 11837, Egypt.
| | - Noha Swilam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo 11837, Egypt.
| | - Sherif S Ebada
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Esmat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed H El-Khatib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
- Laboratory of Applied Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael W Linscheid
- Laboratory of Applied Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Abdel Nasser Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
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Chen R, Yang Y, Xu J, Pan Y, Zhang W, Xing Y, Ni H, Sun Y, Hou Y, Li N. Tamarix hohenackeri Bunge exerts anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia in vitro. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 40:10-19. [PMID: 29496162 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tamarix species are well known as the main host plants of Herba Cistanches, a valuable Traditional Chinese Medicine. They are also traditional medicinal plants themselves and are used to treat spleen problems, leucoderma and ocular conditions. PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Tamarix hohenackeri Bunge. METHODS In the present study, BV-2 microglial cells were used and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell viability was tested using the MTT assay. The release of nitric oxide (NO) was determined using the Griess assay. The mRNA level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The protein levels of phosphorylated of IκBα, ERK and MEK, as well as the cytoplasmic and nuclear NF-κB p65 were tested by Western blot analysis. The translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit from the cytosol to the nucleus was investigated by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of Tamarix hohenackeri Bunge significantly inhibited the release of NO. Phytochemical research was performed to produce 13 main constituents. Among them, compounds 6, 7, 10 and 13 were identified to be the effective components with anti-inflammatory activity. These compounds significantly inhibited the production of NO by LPS-activated BV-2 microglial cells. qRT-PCR showed that compounds 6 and 7 significantly suppressed the LPS-induced transcription of genes encoding pro-inflammatory mediators, including iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Western blot analysis showed that compound 7 inhibited the LPS-induced phosphorylation of IκBα and antagonized the LPS-induced reduction of cytoplasmic NF-κB p65 and the increase of nuclear NF-κB p65. Immunofluorescence staining showed that nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 was suppressed by compound 7. Western blot analysis showed that compound 7 inhibited the LPS-induced phosphorylation of ERK and MEK. CONCLUSION The present study revealed, for the first time, the effective anti-inflammatory agents from T. Hohenackeri. Compound 7 exerted potent anti-inflammatory effects and its underlying mechanism may be associated with its capacity to inhibit NF-κB signaling pathway and the MEK/ERK activation in activated microglia. The compound may be potential candidate therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Chen
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanqiu Yang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jikai Xu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingni Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yachao Xing
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Ni
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Urumqi, China
| | - Yu Sun
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Urumqi, China
| | - Yue Hou
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China.
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Orabi MAA, Taniguchi S, Sakagami H, Yoshimura M, Amakura Y, Hatano T. Hydrolyzable Tannins of Tamaricaceous Plants. 7.1 Structures and Cytotoxic Properties of Oligomeric Ellagitannins from Leaves of Tamarix nilotica and Cultured Tissues of Tamarix tetrandra. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:984-995. [PMID: 26938659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Partially unacylated new oligomeric hydrolyzable tannins, nilotinin T2 (1, trimer) and nilotinin Q1 (2, tetramer), together with four known trimers, nilotinin T1 (3) and hirtellins T1-T3 (4-6), and a dimer, tamarixinin B (7), were isolated from the aqueous acetone extracts of leaves of Tamarix nilotica. Among them, the new trimer 1 and the known trimers 4 and 6, in addition to the partially unacylated new trimer nilotinin T3 (8), the known dimers nilotinin D3 (9) and tamarixinin C (10), and the monomer tellimagrandin I (11), were isolated from the cultured shoots of Tamarix tetrandra. The structures of the new hydrolyzable tannins were established by chromatographic analyses and extensive 1D and 2D NMR, HRESI-TOFMS, and ECD spectroscopic experiments. Among the new oligomeric tannins, the particular unacylated position of a glucose core is attributed to a possible biosynthetic route. Isolation of the same oligomeric tannins from cultured shoots of T. tetrandra emphasizes the unique biogenetic ability of the obtained cultures on production of the structurally and biologically characteristic tamaricaceous tannins commonly produced by the intact Tamarix plants. Additionally, tannins obtained in the present study together with gemin D (12) and 1,3-di-O-galloyl-4,6-O-(aS)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-β-d-glucose (13), from our previous investigation of the leaves of T. nilotica, exhibited variable tumor-specific cytotoxic effects. The ellagitannin trimers 4, 6, and 8 and the dimer 9 exerted predominant tumor-selective cytotoxic effects with high specificity toward human promyelocytic leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shoko Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University , Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakagami
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University, School of Dentistry , Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8578, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University , Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8578, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hatano
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University , Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Ntie-Kang F, Njume LE, Malange YI, Günther S, Sippl W, Yong JN. The Chemistry and Biological Activities of Natural Products from Northern African Plant Families: From Taccaceae to Zygophyllaceae. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2016; 6:63-96. [PMID: 26931529 PMCID: PMC4805656 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-016-0091-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Traditional medicinal practices have a profound influence on the daily lives of people living in developing countries, particularly in Africa, since the populations cannot generally afford the cost of Western medicines. We have undertaken to investigate the correlation between the uses of plants in Traditional African medicine and the biological activities of the derived natural products, with the aim to validate the use of traditional medicine in Northern African communities. The literature is covered for the period 1959-2015 and part III of this review series focuses on plant families with names beginning with letters T to Z. The authors have focused on curating data from journals in natural products and phytomedicine. Within each journal home page, a query search based on country name was conducted. All articles "hits" were then verified, one at a time, that the species was harvested within the Northern African geographical regions. The current data partly constitutes the bases for the development of the Northern African natural compounds database. The review discusses 284 plant-based natural compounds from 34 species and 11 families. It was observed that the ethnobotanical uses of less than 40 % of the plant species surveyed correlated with the bioactivities of compounds identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidele Ntie-Kang
- />Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- />Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Leonel E. Njume
- />Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chemical and Bioactivity Information Centre, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Yvette I. Malange
- />Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Stefan Günther
- />Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Group Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 9, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- />Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Joseph N. Yong
- />Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
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Xing Y, Liao J, Tang Y, Zhang P, Tan C, Ni H, Wu X, Li N, Jia X. ACE and platelet aggregation inhibitors from Tamarix hohenackeri Bunge (host plant of Herba Cistanches) growing in Xinjiang. Pharmacogn Mag 2014; 10:111-7. [PMID: 24914275 PMCID: PMC4048556 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.131021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tamarix hohenackeri Bunge is a salt cedar that grows widespread in the desert mountains in Xinjiang. T. hohenackeri has not been investigated earlier, although there are many reports of phytochemical work on other Tamarix species. Materials and Methods: To find out natural angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and platelet aggregation inhibitors, the bioactive extract (ethyl acetate [EtOAc] fraction) from the dried aerial parts of T. hohenackeri were investigated. The active fraction was purified by repeated column chromatography, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column, medium-pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC) (polyamide column) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The isolated major constituents were tested for their anti-platelet aggregation activity. Results: Bioassay-directed separation of the EtOAc fraction of the 70% ethanol extract from the air-dried aerial parts of T. hohenackeri led to the isolation of a new triterpenoid lactone (1), together with 13 known compounds (2-14). It was the first time to focus on screening bioactive constituents for this plant. The chemical structures were established on the basis of spectral data (ESI-MS and NMR). The results showed that the flavonoid compounds (7 and 8) and phenolic compounds (9, 10, 11, and 14) were potential ACE inhibitors. And the flavonoid compounds (5 and 7) showed significant anti-platelet aggregation activities. Conclusion: On the basis of the chemical and biological data, the material basis of ACE inhibitory activity for the active part was the phenolic constituents. However, the flavonoid compounds were responsible for the anti-platelet aggregation. The primary structure and activity relationship were also discussed respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachao Xing
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Liao
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Urumqi, China
| | - Yingzhan Tang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chengyu Tan
- Marine Environmental Engineering College, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Hui Ni
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Urumqi, China
| | - Xueqin Wu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoguang Jia
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Urumqi, China
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12
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Orabi MAA, Taniguchi S, Terabayashi S, Hatano T. Hydrolyzable tannins of tamaricaceous plants. IV: Micropropagation and ellagitannin production in shoot cultures of Tamarix tetrandra. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2011; 72:1978-89. [PMID: 21831401 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 07/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Shoot cultures of Tamarix tetrandra on Linsmaier-Skoog (LS) agar medium with 30 g l(-1) sucrose, 2.13 mg l(-1) indoleacetic acid and 2.25 mg l(-1) benzyl adenine produced ellagitannins found in intact plants of the Tamaricaceae. This was demonstrated by the isolation of 14 monomeric-tetrameric ellagitannins from the aq. Me2CO extract of the cultured tissues. This is the first report on the production of ellagitannin tetramers by plant tissue culture. The effects of light and certain medium constituents on tissue growth and ellagitannin production were examined. The contents of representative tannins of different types [i.e., tellimagrandin II (monomer), hirtellin A (linear GOG-type dimer), hirtellin B (hellinoyl-type dimer), hirtellin C (macrocyclic-type dimer), and hirtellin T1 (linear GOG-type trimer)] in the resultant tissues in response to these factors were estimated by HPLC, and the optimal condition for production of these tannins were established. Shoots cultured on LS hormone-free medium promoted root development, and regenerated plants could adapt to ordinary soil and climate. Acclimatized and intact T. tetrandra plants that were collected in November and May, respectively, demonstrated seasonal differences in individual ellagitannin contents. HPLC comparison of individual ellagitannin contents in different plant materials (i.e., leaves, stems, and roots) of intact T. tetrandra plants is also reported. The results are discussed with respect to cellular deposition and biosynthetic relationship of tannins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A A Orabi
- Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Abouzid S, Sleem A. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Tamarix nilotica flowers. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2011; 49:392-395. [PMID: 21284536 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2010.518971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Tamarix nilotica (Ehrenb.) Bunge (Tamaricaceae) is used in the Egyptian traditional medicine as an antiseptic agent. This plant has been known since pharaonic times and has been mentioned in medical papyri to expel fever, relieve headache, to draw out inflammation, and as an aphrodisiac. No scientific study is available about the biological effect of this plant. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the hydro-alcoholic extract (80%) of T. nilotica flowers for hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hepatoprotective activity was assessed using carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury in rats by monitoring biochemical parameters. Antioxidant activity was evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Biochemical markers of hepatic damage such as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and tissue glutathione were determined in all groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Carbon tetrachloride (5 mL/kg body weight) enhanced the SGOT, SGPT, and ALP levels. There was a marked reduction in tissue glutathione level in diabetic rats. The hydro-alcoholic extract of T. nilotica (100 mg/kg body weight) ameliorated the adverse effects of carbon tetrachloride and returned the altered levels of biochemical markers near to the normal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Abouzid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Sueif University, Beni-Sueif, Egypt
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