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Ren J, Fan SR, Cai J, Ruan T, Chen Y, Xiang ZR, Zhang YW, Zhao Q, Wu SL, Xu LL, Qiao M, Hao XJ, Chen DZ. Potential SARS-CoV-2 M pro steroid inhibitors from Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) R. N. Parker. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106134. [PMID: 39047844 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Herein, six previously undescribed steroids (1-6), were isolated from leaves and twigs of Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) R. N. Parker (Meliaceae). Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, UV, and IR. Antiviral activity of these compounds were evaluated. Compounds 1-6 showed varying degrees of inhibitory activity against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 main protease (SARS-CoV-2 Mpro) at 200 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China; Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Shi-Rui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieyun Cai
- Yunnan Tobacco Quality Inspection & Supervision Station, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Ting Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Rui Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Wu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Li Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Research Unit of Chemical Biology of Natural Anti-Virus Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China.
| | - Duo-Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Anh Bang N, Thi Thuy Hang D, Thi Hai Yen D, Huy Hoang N, Thi Dung D, The Cuong N, Hai Yen P, Xuan Nhiem N, Huu Tai B, Van Kiem P. Four Unidentified Compounds Isolated from the Stem Barks of Aphanamixis polystachya and Their NO Production Inhibition in LPS Activated RAW 264.7 Cells. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202401118. [PMID: 38790139 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202401118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Phytochemical study on the methanol extract of the stem barks of Aphanamixis polystachya led to the isolation of four previously undescribed (1-4) and ten known compounds (5-14). Their chemical structures were elucidated to be 11-methoxysawaranospiroride C (1), 6α,9S,10,13-tetrahydroxymegastigmane-3-one (2), 11-hydroxyaphanamixin B (3), (2Z,6E,13E)-2,6,13-triene-11,15-dihydroxyphytanic acid (4), cinnacasside D (5), cinnacasside E (6), vilsonol F (7), (3S,5R,6S,7E,9R)-3,5,6,9-tetrahydroxy-7-en-megastigmane (8), (3S,5R,6R,7E,9R)-3,6,9,10-tetrahydroxy-7-en-megastigmane (9), citroside A (10), threo-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1,2,3-propanetriol (11), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (12), p-coumaric acid (13), ferulic acid (14) by HR-ESI-MS, ECD, 1D-, and 2D-NMR spectra. Compounds 1, 3, 4, and 9 showed NO production inhibitory activity in LPS activated RAW 264.7 cells with IC50 values of 42.0, 67.9, 20.5, and 78.6 μM, respectively, while the remaining compounds were inactive with IC50 values over 100 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngo Anh Bang
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Dan Thi Thuy Hang
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thi Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hoang
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thi Dung
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen The Cuong
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Pham Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Bui Huu Tai
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
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Rakhesh KV, Ashalatha SN, Mahima K, Baskar V, Thiruvengadam M. Untargeted Metabolomic Approach to Determine the Regulatory Pathways on Salicylic Acid-Mediated Stress Response in Aphanamixis polystachya Seedlings. Molecules 2022; 27:2966. [PMID: 35566316 PMCID: PMC9102903 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants thrive under abiotic and biotic stress conditions with the changes in phytohormones like salicylic acid (SA), resulting in the synthesis of secondary metabolites. The present study determines the response of plants in producing secondary metabolites towards different SA concentrations at varying time intervals. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics studies in Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) Parker seedlings are grown at 10 mM, 50 mM, and 100 mM SA concentrations, showed the differential expression of metabolites towards the stress. Alkaloids like amaranthin showed a 15-fold increase on the second day, and analog of androvinblastin showed a 20-fold increase on the sixth day in 10 mM SA compared with other groups. Flavanoid cyanidin 3-3 glucosyl was found to be with a 22-fold increment along with terpenoids betavulgaroside (18-fold), asiaticoside (17-fold), mubenin B (20-fold), and deslanoside (22-fold) increment in 50 mM SA on the sixth day. The shock exerted by 100 mM was too harsh, and the lowered metabolite production level was insufficient for the seedlings to survive at this higher SA condition. Arrangement of stressed groups using Pearson correlation studies, principal component analysis, and partial least square analysis placed 10 mM SA and controlled group closer and 50 mM SA and 100 mM SA groups closer to each other. The study observed that SA regulates metabolites that mediate biotic stress responses at low concentrations, and higher concentrations regulate abiotic stress regulating metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karthikeyan Mahima
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Siddha Central Research Institute, Chennai 600106, India;
| | - Venkidasamy Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore 641062, India;
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Zhang P, Cui L, Cui Z, Wang Z, Tang P, Luo J, Kong L. Diverse acyclic diterpene derivatives from Aphanamixis sinensis. Fitoterapia 2022; 159:105192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Xue S, Zhang P, Tang P, Wang C, Kong L, Luo J. Acyclic diterpene and norsesquiterpene from the seed of Aphanamixis polystachya. Fitoterapia 2020; 142:104518. [PMID: 32092532 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aphanamoxene A-D (1-4), three new acyclic diterpene derivatives and one new acyclic norsesquiterpene were isolated from the seed of Aphanamixis polystachya. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS. And the absolute configuration of 1 was achieved by Mosher method. These acyclic terpenoids (1-4) showed obvious nitric oxide production inhibitory activity on lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW264.7 macrophages with IC50 values of 17.6 ± 1.4, 9.8 ± 0.7, 16.6 ± 1.2, and 14.2 ± 0.9 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Wu XZ, Fang FH, Huang WJ, Shi YY, Pan HQ, Ning L, Yuan CS. Two novel nornemoralisin-type diterpenoids from Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) R. Parker. Fitoterapia 2019; 140:104431. [PMID: 31759031 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Two novel heptanornemoralisin-type diterpenoids nornemoralisins A (1) and B (2), together with two known compounds nemoralisin (3) and nemoralisin A (4), were isolated from the stem bark and leaves of Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) R. Parker. Their structures were established through comprehensive analyses of NMR spectroscopic data and high resolution mass spectrometric (HR-ESI-MS) data. The absolute configurations of carbon stereocenters were elucidated by circular dichroism (CD) analyses. The four compounds were tested for their potential cytotoxic effects against ACHN, HeLa, SMMC-7721, and MCF-7 cell lines. Nornemoralisins A (1) and B (2) exhibited significant cytotoxicity on ACHN with an IC50 value of 13.9 ± 0.8 and 10.3 ± 0.4 μM, respectively, and other compounds failed to reveal obvious cytotoxicity on the tested cell lines, compared to positive control vinblastine (IC50, 28.0 ± 0.9 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fu-Hu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wen-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ying-Ying Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong-Qian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lu Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cheng-Shan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Islam MT. Diterpenes and Their Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents. Phytother Res 2017; 31:691-712. [PMID: 28370843 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As therapeutic tools, diterpenes and their derivatives have gained much attention of the medicinal scientists nowadays. It is due to their pledging and important biological activities. This review congregates the anticancer diterpenes. For this, a search was made with selected keywords in PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, The American Chemical Society and miscellaneous databases from January 2012 to January 2017 for the published articles. A total 28, 789 published articles were seen. Among them, 240 were included in this study. More than 250 important anticancer diterpenes and their derivatives were seen in the databases, acting in the different pathways. Some of them are already under clinical trials, while others are in the nonclinical and/or pre-clinical trials. In conclusion, diterpenes may be one of the lead molecules in the treatment of cancer. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Southern University Bangladesh, Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
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Abstract
This review covers the isolation and chemistry of diterpenoids from terrestrial as opposed to marine sources and includes, labdanes, clerodanes, pimaranes, abietanes, kauranes, gibberellins, cembranes and their cyclization products. The literature from January to December, 2014 is reviewed.
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