1
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Wang Y, Opsomer T, de Jong F, Verhaeghe D, Mulier M, Van Meervelt L, Van der Auweraer M, Dehaen W. Palladium-Catalyzed Arylations towards 3,6-Diaryl-1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes and Evaluation of Their Fluorescence Properties. Molecules 2024; 29:2229. [PMID: 38792091 PMCID: PMC11123795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Methyl 4-(1,3a,6a-triazapentalen-3-yl)benzoate (TAP1) shows interesting properties as a small molecule fluorophore. In the search for post-functionalization methods, palladium-catalyzed arylation reactions were demonstrated. Direct CH arylation reactions of TAP1 with various aryl halides resulted in 3,6-diaryltriazapentalenes TAP4, although mostly in poor yields. Bromination of TAP1 followed by Suzuki coupling, on the other hand, requires a more delicate procedure, but gave arylated products with the same regiochemistry (TAP4) in moderate to good yields. The structure of 6-phenyltriazapentalene TAP4a was confirmed by crystallographic analysis. In addition, the effect of the C6 arylation on the fluorescent properties of 3-aryl-1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes was studied in dichloromethane at room temperature and in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran at 77 K, while the photophysical properties of two saponified derivatives were measured in acetonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Wang
- Sustainable Chemistry for Metals and Molecules, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tomas Opsomer
- Sustainable Chemistry for Metals and Molecules, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Flip de Jong
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.d.J.); (M.V.d.A.)
| | - Davy Verhaeghe
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.d.J.); (M.V.d.A.)
| | - Maarten Mulier
- Sustainable Chemistry for Metals and Molecules, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Van Meervelt
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Mark Van der Auweraer
- Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.d.J.); (M.V.d.A.)
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Sustainable Chemistry for Metals and Molecules, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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2
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Kobayashi K, Kasakura N, Kikukawa S, Matsumoto S, Karasawa S, Hata T. Facile preparation of polycyclic halogen-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles by using intramolecular Huisgen cycloaddition. Org Biomol Chem 2023. [PMID: 38015119 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01283b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
When 1-(ω-azidoalkyl)-2-(2,2-dihalovinyl)arenes were heated in DMF, the intramolecular Huisgen cycloaddition of an azido group with a 1,1-dihalovinyl group afforded 5-halo-1,2,3-triazole-fused tricyclic benzo compounds. Based on the remaining bromo groups, carbon elongation by the Mizoroki-Heck or Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions, followed by an intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction, afforded polycyclic compounds with fused triazole rings. Thereafter, the bromo groups were converted into 2-nitrophenyl groups via the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction, which was followed by the Cadogan reaction; a fluorescent pentacyclic compound was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kobayashi
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-59 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Nozomi Kasakura
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-59 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Seiya Kikukawa
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-59 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Shota Matsumoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida 194-8543, Japan
| | - Satoru Karasawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida 194-8543, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hata
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-59 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
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3
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Tsuji D, Nakayama A, Yamamoto R, Nagano S, Taniguchi T, Sato R, Karanjit S, Muguruma N, Takayama T, Itoh K, Namba K. 1,3a,6a-Triazapentalene derivatives as photo-induced cytotoxic small fluorescent dyes. Commun Chem 2023; 6:37. [PMID: 36813913 PMCID: PMC9947109 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00838-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
1,3a,6a-Triazapentalene (TAP) is a compact fluorescent chromophore whose fluorescence properties vary greatly depending on the substituents on the TAP ring. This study investigated the photo-induced cytotoxicities of various TAP derivatives. Among the derivatives, 2-p-nitrophenyl-TAP showed significant cytotoxicity to HeLa cells under UV irradiation but no cytotoxicity without UV. In addition, the photo-induced cytotoxicity of 2-p-nitirophenyl-TAP was found to be cancer cell selective and effective against HeLa cells and HCT 116 cells. Under UV irradiation, 2-p-nitrophenyl-TAP generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) that induced an apoptosis and ferroptosis in cancer cells. Therefore, it was revealed that 2-p-nitrophenyl-TAP is the most compact dye that can generate ROS by photoirradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tsuji
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan. .,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Nakayama
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan ,Present Address: Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585 Japan
| | - Riko Yamamoto
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Shuji Nagano
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Ryota Sato
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Sangita Karanjit
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Naoki Muguruma
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan ,Present Address: Takamatsu Municipal Hospital, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-8538 Japan
| | - Tetsuji Takayama
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Kohji Itoh
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Kosuke Namba
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan.
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4
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Gutierrez VS, Arnault A, Ferreira V, Artigas A, Hagebaum-Reignier D, Carissan Y, Coquerel Y, Hiebel MA, Suzenet F. Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, and Aromaticity of Pyrazine-Fused Tetrazapentalenes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13653-13662. [PMID: 36197438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pyrazine-fused 1,2,6,6a-tetrazapentalenes (PyTeAP) are zwitterionic tricyclic compounds exhibiting an original pattern with four consecutive nitrogen atoms. They were obtained by a challenging cyclization through the formation of a N-N bond under thermolytic conditions. Ten derivatives were synthesized, and the original scaffold of PyTeAP was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of one derivative. Examination of their photophysical properties in solution revealed blue fluorescence with λem = 416-426 nm. Theoretical investigations of the aromaticity in these compounds through magnetic criteria evidenced the presence of a dominant 14-electron circuit at the periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Axel Arnault
- Université d'Orléans, CNRS, ICOA, UMR 7311,Orléans, France
| | | | - Albert Artigas
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | | | - Yannick Carissan
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Yoann Coquerel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | | | - Franck Suzenet
- Université d'Orléans, CNRS, ICOA, UMR 7311,Orléans, France
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5
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Sirbu D, Chopin N, Martinić I, Ndiaye M, Eliseeva SV, Hiebel MA, Petoud S, Suzenet F. Pyridazino-1,3a,6a-Triazapentalenes as Versatile Fluorescent Probes: Impact of Their Post-Functionalization and Application for Cellular Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6645. [PMID: 34205833 PMCID: PMC8234658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyridazino-1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes (PyTAP) are compact fused 6/5/5 tricyclic scaffolds which exhibit promising fluorescent properties. Chemically stable, they can be post-functionalized using standard Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling chemistry. Several original PyTAP bearing additional unsaturated substituents in positions 2 and 8 were synthetized and their spectroscopic properties analyzed. They have been successfully tested as fluorescent probes for cellular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doina Sirbu
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique—ICOA UMR7311, Rue de Chartres, CEDEX 2, 45100 Orléans, France; (D.S.); (N.C.); (M.N.); (M.-A.H.)
| | - Nicolas Chopin
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique—ICOA UMR7311, Rue de Chartres, CEDEX 2, 45100 Orléans, France; (D.S.); (N.C.); (M.N.); (M.-A.H.)
| | - Ivana Martinić
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orléans, France; (I.M.); (S.V.E.)
| | - Moussa Ndiaye
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique—ICOA UMR7311, Rue de Chartres, CEDEX 2, 45100 Orléans, France; (D.S.); (N.C.); (M.N.); (M.-A.H.)
| | - Svetlana V. Eliseeva
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orléans, France; (I.M.); (S.V.E.)
| | - Marie-Aude Hiebel
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique—ICOA UMR7311, Rue de Chartres, CEDEX 2, 45100 Orléans, France; (D.S.); (N.C.); (M.N.); (M.-A.H.)
| | - Stéphane Petoud
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire CNRS UPR 4301, Rue Charles Sadron, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orléans, France; (I.M.); (S.V.E.)
| | - Franck Suzenet
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique—ICOA UMR7311, Rue de Chartres, CEDEX 2, 45100 Orléans, France; (D.S.); (N.C.); (M.N.); (M.-A.H.)
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6
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Bicyclic 1,3a,6a-Triazapentalene Chromophores: Synthesis, Spectroscopy and Their Use as Fluorescent Sensors and Probes. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The 1,3a,6a-triazapentalene (TAP) is an aromatic heterocyclic fluorescent dye with interesting features such as its small size, large Stokes shift, solvatochromism, and emission wavelengths that are spread across the visible spectrum. TAPs have been synthesized via different synthetic strategies involving click−cyclization−aromatization domino reactions, gold-catalyzed cyclization of propargyl triazoles or triazolization of acetophenones. As a result, TAPs with diverse substitution patterns were obtained, showing varying fluorescence properties. Based on these properties, several TAPs have been selected and studied as fluorescent imaging probes in living cells and as sensors. This mini review provides an overview of the research on the bicyclic TAPs and does not comment on the literature about benzo or otherwise fused systems. The synthetic methodologies for the preparation of TAPs, the substituent effects on the fluorescence properties, and the behavior of the TAP core as an element of biological imaging probes and sensors are discussed.
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7
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Wang Y, Opsomer T, Van Meervelt L, Dehaen W. Ring-Degenerate Rearrangement Resulting from the Azo Coupling Reaction of a 3-Aryl-1,3a,6a-triazapentalene. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9434-9439. [PMID: 32573232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The 3-(4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)triazapentalene is a highly fluorescent small molecule which is readily accessible via a two-step synthesis. In the search for postfunctionalization methods, a radical CH-arylation with diazonium salts was attempted. However, azo coupling resulted in a ring-degenerate rearrangement toward a 2-aryl-4-azotriazapentalene, which was confirmed via crystallographic analysis. A mechanism involving the generation of a nitrilimine is proposed. In addition, reduction of the azo group led to cleavage of the triazapentalene core. The present results further demonstrate the sensitivity of the triazapentalene fluorophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Wang
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tomas Opsomer
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Van Meervelt
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology Section, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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8
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Nakayama A, Otani A, Inokuma T, Tsuji D, Mukaiyama H, Nakayama A, Itoh K, Otaka A, Tanino K, Namba K. Development of a 1,3a,6a-triazapentalene derivative as a compact and thiol-specific fluorescent labeling reagent. Commun Chem 2020; 3:6. [PMID: 36703318 PMCID: PMC9812263 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-019-0250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
For the fluorescence imaging of biologically active small compounds, the development of compact fluorophores that do not perturb bioactivity is required. Here we report a compact derivative of fluorescent 1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes, 2-isobutenylcarbonyl-1,3a,6a-triazapentalene (TAP-VK1), as a fluorescent labeling reagent. The reaction of TAP-VK1 with various aliphatic thiols proceeds smoothly to afford the corresponding 1,4-adducts in high yields, and nucleophiles other than thiols do not react. After the addition of thiol groups in dichloromethane, the emission maximum of TAP-VK1 shifts to a shorter wavelength and the fluorescence intensity is substantially increased. The utility of TAP-VK1 as a compact fluorescent labeling reagent is clearly demonstrated by the labeling of Captopril, which is a small molecular drug for hypertension. The successful imaging of Captopril, one of the most compact drugs, in this study demonstrates the usefulness of compact fluorophores for mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nakayama
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan ,grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Research Cluster on “Innovative Chemical Sensing”, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Akira Otani
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Tsubasa Inokuma
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan ,grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Research Cluster on “Innovative Chemical Sensing”, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsuji
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Haruka Mukaiyama
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Akira Nakayama
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Chemical System Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, 113-8656 Japan
| | - Kohji Itoh
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Akira Otaka
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
| | - Keiji Tanino
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku Sapporo, 060-0810 Japan
| | - Kosuke Namba
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan ,grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Research Cluster on “Innovative Chemical Sensing”, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505 Japan
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9
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Sirbu D, Diharce J, Martinić I, Chopin N, Eliseeva SV, Guillaumet G, Petoud S, Bonnet P, Suzenet F. An original class of small sized molecules as versatile fluorescent probes for cellular imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7776-7779. [PMID: 31210218 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03765a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An unusual class, compact in size, of fluorescent probes based on pyridazino-1,3a,6a-triazapentalene scaffolds exhibits promising fluorescent properties (quantum yield values up to 73%, large Stokes shifts, emission wavelengths located in the green-yellow range, excellent solubility) with good photostability suitable for optical imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doina Sirbu
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique - ICOA UMR7311, rue de Chartres, 45100 Orléans, France.
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10
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Kawasaki Y, Yamanaka Y, Seto Y, Igawa K, Tomooka K. Synthesis of NMs-DACN: Small and Hydrophilic Click Reaction Device. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuuya Kawasaki
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamanaka
- Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Yuki Seto
- Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Igawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Tomooka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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11
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Ito M, Mera A, Mashimo T, Seki T, Karanjit S, Ohashi E, Nakayama A, Kitamura K, Hamura T, Ito H, Namba K. Synthesis and Evaluation of a 1,3a,6a-Triazapentalene (TAP)-Bonded System. Chemistry 2018; 24:17727-17733. [PMID: 30298702 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A method of synthesizing a directly connected 1,3a,6a-triazapentalene (TAP) ring system as a linearly bonded aromatic system with a planar form was established. Various TAP-dimers and a 2-alkyl-TAP-trimer were synthesized and their fluorescence properties were evaluated. Although the direct connection of the TAP ring with other TAP rings did not affect the fluorescence properties in diluted solvent, TAP-dimers showed unique fluorescence properties derived from the aggregation state under highly concentrated conditions. In particular, TAP-dimer 5 f showed aggregation-induced emission in highly concentrated solution, and 5 b showed typical mechanochromic fluorescence in the solid state despite their compact molecular size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Ito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Akane Mera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Takaki Mashimo
- Division of Applied Chemistry & Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Seki
- Division of Applied Chemistry & Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Sangita Karanjit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Eisaku Ohashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakayama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
| | - Kei Kitamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Hamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Hajime Ito
- Division of Applied Chemistry & Frontier Chemistry Center, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kosuke Namba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokushima University, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan
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12
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Hayashi T, Osawa A, Watanabe T, Murata Y, Nakayama A, Namba K. Development of 1,3a,6a-triazapentalene-labeled enterobactin as a fluorescence quenching sensor of iron ion. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Mera A, Ito M, Nakayama A, Namba K. Synthesis of 2,6-Disubstituted-1,3a,6a-Triazapentalenes and Their Fluorescence Properties. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akane Mera
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokushima University, 1-78 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505
| | - Masami Ito
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokushima University, 1-78 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505
| | - Atsushi Nakayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokushima University, 1-78 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505
| | - Kosuke Namba
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokushima University, 1-78 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505
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Verbelen B, Dehaen W. Two-Step Synthesis of Fluorescent 3-Arylated 1,3a,6a-Triazapentalenes via a Three-Component Triazolization Reaction. Org Lett 2016; 18:6412-6415. [PMID: 27978683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel 3-arylated 1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes were synthesized using a metal-free three-component triazolization reaction followed by a triflate based cyclization step. This method starts from simple commercial starting materials and provides an easy functionalization strategy for the 3-position of the triazapentalenes. By introducing electron-withdrawing groups onto this position, stable and highly fluorescent dyes could be synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Verbelen
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200f-bus 02404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven , Celestijnenlaan 200f-bus 02404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Sawada JI, Osawa A, Takeuchi T, Kaneda M, Oishi S, Fujii N, Asai A, Tanino K, Namba K. Functional 1,3a,6a-triazapentalene scaffold: Design of fluorescent probes for kinesin spindle protein (KSP). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5765-5769. [PMID: 27793568 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1,3a,6a-Triazapentalene is a compact fluorescent chromophore. In this study, triazapentalene was used to modify a series of biphenyl-type inhibitors of kinesin spindle protein (KSP) to develop fluorescent probes for the intracellular visualization of this protein. Microscopic studies demonstrated that these novel triazapentalene-labeled compounds exhibited inhibitory activity towards KSP in cultured cells and provided important information concerning the intracellular distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Sawada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Ayumi Osawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tomoki Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Kaneda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akira Asai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Keiji Tanino
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Kosuke Namba
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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