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Liu B, Jiang T, Li Z, Ge W, Wu J, Song N, Chai C. Phthalate esters in surface sediments from fishing ports in Circum-Bohai-Sea region, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 171:112782. [PMID: 34358790 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The concentration, composition, distribution, and possible sources of phthalate esters (PAEs) in surface sediments from fishing ports in the Circum-Bohai-Sea region were investigated. The potential ecological risks of PAEs on three sensitive aquatic organisms (algae, crustacean, and fish) were assessed based on the risk quotient. The concentrations of 16 PAEs were in the range of 8.53-86.13 μg/g. Six PAEs, which were considered as priority pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, were main congeners. Fishing ports with high PAE concentration were located near the eastern area of the Shandong Peninsula, the southern area of the Liaodong Peninsula, and the estuary of the Yellow River. Wastewater, atmospheric deposition, plastic, and rubber products were possible sources of PAEs. The PAEs showed medium to high ecological risks on the three aquatic organisms, and the ecological risks were attributed to four PAEs, including dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and benzylbutyl phthalate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binxu Liu
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Zhiying Li
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ningning Song
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Chao Chai
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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2
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You HH, Song G. Review of endocrine disruptors on male and female reproductive systems. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 244:109002. [PMID: 33610819 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) interfere with different hormonal and metabolic processes and disrupt the development of organs and tissues, as well as the reproductive system. In toxicology research, various animal models have been utilized to compare and characterize the effects of EDs. We reviewed studies assessing the effect of ED exposure in humans, zebrafish, and mouse models and the adverse effects of EDs on male and female reproductive systems. This review outlines the distinctive morphological characteristics, as well as gene expression, factors, and mechanisms that are known to occur in response to EDs. In each animal model, disturbances in the reproductive system were associated with certain factors of apoptosis, the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, estrogen receptor pathway-induced meiotic disruption, and steroidogenesis. The effects of bisphenol A, phthalate, and 17α-ethinylestradiol have been investigated in animal models, each providing supporting outcomes and elaborating the key regulators of male and female reproductive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyekyoung Hannah You
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Min K, Weng X, Long P, Ma M, Chen B, Yao S. Rapid in-situ analysis of phthalates in face masks by desorption corona beam ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2021; 231:122359. [PMID: 33965025 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are known as endocrine disruptors that can have adverse effects on human hormonal balance and development. Due to PAEs being semi-volatile chemical compounds, they can sustainably emit from the surfaces of objects containing PAEs. Face masks are commonly used to safeguard human health especially during periods of high prevalence of infectious diseases. As masks come into direct contact with the human respiratory system, PAEs from masks will enter the human body directly from the respiratory system thus potentially threatening human health. In this study, the desorption corona beam ionization (DCBI)-MS/MS method for the rapid in-situ detection of PAEs in face masks was established, which could perform ultra-fast, high-throughput identification and quantitative analysis on 13 kinds of PAEs, and the limits of detection (LODs) were 0.7 μg m-2 for DAP, BBP, DBP, DPP, DHXP, DEHP, DINP and DDP, 1.4 μg m-2 for DMEP, DEP, DPhP, DBEP and DNOP. Compared with the traditional liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, this study shows that the DCBI-MS/MS method has the following advantages: 1) short analysis time, less than 1 min; 2) small solvent consumption, less than 10 μL; 3) the PAEs in face masks can be quickly in-situ screened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Min
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xuqian Weng
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Piao Long
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Shouzhuo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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Hlisníková H, Petrovičová I, Kolena B, Šidlovská M, Sirotkin A. Effects and mechanisms of phthalates’ action on neurological processes and neural health: a literature review. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:386-404. [DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00215-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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5
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Graceli JB, Dettogni RS, Merlo E, Niño O, da Costa CS, Zanol JF, Ríos Morris EA, Miranda-Alves L, Denicol AC. The impact of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure in the mammalian hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110997. [PMID: 32841708 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HP axis) plays a critical and integrative role in the endocrine system control to maintain homeostasis. The HP axis is responsible for the hormonal events necessary to regulate the thyroid, adrenal glands, gonads, somatic growth, among other functions. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a worldwide public health concern. There is growing evidence that exposure to EDCs such as bisphenol A (BPA), some phthalates, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and biphenyls (PBBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), tributyltin (TBT), and atrazine (ATR), is associated with HP axis abnormalities. EDCs act on hormone receptors and their downstream signaling pathways and can interfere with hormone synthesis, metabolism, and actions. Because the HP axis function is particularly sensitive to endogenous hormonal changes, disruptions by EDCs can alter HP axis proper function, leading to important endocrine irregularities. Here, we review the evidence that EDCs could directly affect the mammalian HP axis function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jones B Graceli
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo. Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, CEP: 290440-090 Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | - Raquel S Dettogni
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo. Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, CEP: 290440-090 Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Merlo
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo. Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, CEP: 290440-090 Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | - Oscar Niño
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo. Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, CEP: 290440-090 Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | - Charles S da Costa
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo. Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, CEP: 290440-090 Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | - Jordana F Zanol
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo. Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, CEP: 290440-090 Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo A Ríos Morris
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology-LEEx, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Graduate Program in Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Miranda-Alves
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology-LEEx, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Graduate Program in Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Graduate Program in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Anna C Denicol
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Kingsley O, Witthayawirasak B. Deterministic Assessment of the Risk of Phthalate Esters in Sediments of U-Tapao Canal, Southern Thailand. TOXICS 2020; 8:E93. [PMID: 33114562 PMCID: PMC7712367 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This baseline study evaluated the ecological risk associated with the concentration of six common Phthalate esters (PAEs) in sediment samples collected from the U-Tapao canal in Southern Thailand. Deterministic approaches consisting of standard sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and Risk quotient (RQ) were used to evaluate the potential ecological risk of individuals and a mixture of Phthalate esters (PAEs) detected in sediment samples. Of the 6 PAEs measured, only three, including di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP) and di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP), were identified and quantified. The total concentration of the 3 PAEs congeners found in the sediment samples ranged from 190 to 2010 ng/g dw. The results from the SQGs and RQ were not consistent with each other. The SQGs results for individual PAEs showed that DEHP and DBP found in sediment was estimated to cause moderate risk on benthic organisms, DiNP was not estimated due to lack of SQGs data. However, the RQ method indicated a low risk of DEHP and DBP on algae, crustacean and fish, whereas DiNP poses no risk on crustacean. Furthermore, based on the result obtained in this study, the consensus SQGs for mixture effects prove to be a more protective tool than the RQ concentration addition approach in predicting mixture effects. Despite inevitable uncertainties, the integration of several screening approaches of ecological risk assessment (ERA) can help get a more inclusive and credible result of the first tier of individuals and a mixture of these pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okpara Kingsley
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand;
- Research Program of Municipal Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste Management, Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Banchong Witthayawirasak
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand;
- Research Program of Municipal Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste Management, Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Hlisníková H, Petrovičová I, Kolena B, Šidlovská M, Sirotkin A. Effects and Mechanisms of Phthalates' Action on Reproductive Processes and Reproductive Health: A Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6811. [PMID: 32961939 PMCID: PMC7559247 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The production of plastic products, which requires phthalate plasticizers, has resulted in the problems for human health, especially that of reproductive health. Phthalate exposure can induce reproductive disorders at various regulatory levels. The aim of this review was to compile the evidence concerning the association between phthalates and reproductive diseases, phthalates-induced reproductive disorders, and their possible endocrine and intracellular mechanisms. Phthalates may induce alterations in puberty, the development of testicular dysgenesis syndrome, cancer, and fertility disorders in both males and females. At the hormonal level, phthalates can modify the release of hypothalamic, pituitary, and peripheral hormones. At the intracellular level, phthalates can interfere with nuclear receptors, membrane receptors, intracellular signaling pathways, and modulate gene expression associated with reproduction. To understand and to treat the adverse effects of phthalates on human health, it is essential to expand the current knowledge concerning their mechanism of action in the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrieta Hlisníková
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia; (I.P.); (B.K.); (M.Š.); (A.S.)
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Occurrence, Ecological and Health Risk Assessment of Phthalate Esters in Surface Water of U-Tapao Canal, Southern, Thailand. TOXICS 2020; 8:toxics8030058. [PMID: 32824441 PMCID: PMC7560390 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are well known for their environmental contamination and endocrine-disrupting effects on wildlife and humans. In this study, the occurrence of PAEs and ecotoxicological risk assessments were performed in one of the significant canals in southern Thailand, named U-Tapao. Water samples were collected and analyzed for the six most common PAEs by using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Of the 6 PAEs analyzed, only three PAEs, including di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), di (2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) were detected in water samples. The total concentration of PAEs ranged from 1.44 to 12.08 µg/L, with a mean level of 4.76 µg/L. The total average concentration of PAEs found in the canal was higher than the criteria of 3 µg/L for PAEs recommended for the protection of fish and other aquatic organisms by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The results of the potential ecological risk assessment of the risk quotient (RQ) method revealed that DEHP and DiNP posed a high risk to algae and crustacean and crustacean and fish, respectively, whereas DBP posed a medium risk to the different aquatic species. However, current levels of noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks via ingestion and dermal exposure in children and adults are within acceptable limits. The baseline data of PAEs in this canal will be beneficial to the strategic and future pollutant control along the canal network.
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Partition and Fate of Phthalate Acid Esters (PAEs) in a Full-Scale Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Treating Polluted River Water. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12030865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
When used as highly produced chemicals and widely used plasticizers, Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) have potential risks to human life and the environment. In this study, to assess the distribution and fate of PAEs, specifically inside a full-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland, four PAEs including dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), and bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were investigated. In effluent, PAEs concentration decreased 19.32% (DMP), 19.18% (DEP), 19.40% (DBP), and 48.56% (DEHP), respectively. Within the wetland, PAEs partitioned in water (0.18–1.12 μg/L, 35.38–64.92%), soil (0.44–5.08 μg/g, 1.02–31.33%), plant (0.68–48.6 μg/g, 0.85–36.54%), air and biological transformation (2.72–33.21%). The results indicated that soil and plant adsorption contributed to the majority of PAE removal, digesting DMP (19.32%), DEP (19.18%), DBP (19.40%), and DEHP (48.56%) in constructed wetlands. Moreover, the adsorption was affected by both octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow) and transpiration stream concentration factors (TSCF). This work, for the first time, revealed the partition and fate of PAEs in constructed wetlands to the best of our knowledge.
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Wang L, Liu Y, Pu F, Zhang W, Zhou Z. Effect of Rotary Evaporator Water Bath Temperature on Recovery Rate of Phthalate Esters. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 101:810-813. [PMID: 30232512 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the influence of water bath temperature on the decompression and concentration efficiency of a rotary evaporator, accurate control of the water bath temperature is required. Therefore, the water bath temperature control system of a rotary evaporator was studied using the recovery rate of phthalate esters (PAEs) as the indicator. The results showed that when the temperature of the rotary evaporator was set at 40°C, the actual temperature range of the concentrated liquid would change from 26-41 to 39-41°C. By modifying the water bath temperature control system, the recovery rate of PAEs could be increased from 72.4% to 85.6% to 93.2%-98.5%. This test indicates that temperature has a great influence on vacuum concentration, and the recovery rate of PAEs can be improved by modifying the water bath temperature control system used in the rotary evaporator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- National Thermal Flow Meter Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Chongqing), Chongqing Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Chongqing, 401123, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- National Thermal Flow Meter Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Chongqing), Chongqing Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Chongqing, 401123, China
| | - Fan Pu
- National Thermal Flow Meter Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Chongqing), Chongqing Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Chongqing, 401123, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- National Thermal Flow Meter Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Chongqing), Chongqing Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Chongqing, 401123, China
| | - Zhongmu Zhou
- National Thermal Flow Meter Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Chongqing), Chongqing Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Chongqing, 401123, China
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Ramzi A, Gireeshkumar TR, Habeeb Rahman K, Manu M, Balachandran KK, Chacko J, Chandramohanakumar N. Distribution and contamination status of phthalic acid esters in the sediments of a tropical monsoonal estuary, Cochin - India. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:232-238. [PMID: 30005344 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are a group of endocrine-disrupting chemicals listed as priority pollutants by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA, 2009). This study provides baseline information on seasonal distribution and contamination status of six phthalic acid esters (∑6PAEs) in sediments of a tropical estuary (Cochin-India). In general, the sediments accumulated more PAEs during the post monsoon (mean 2325 ngg-1; between 1402 and 3121 ngg-1) and monsoon (mean 1372 ngg-1; between 331 and 4015 ngg-1) periods indicating land run off as the major transport pathway. Moderate run off and comparatively high residence time lead to effective sorption and settling of PAEs in the surface sediments during post monsoon season. Despite a high discharge of PAEs in to the water column, their deposition on to the sediments occurs at a lower rate during monsoon than that post monsoon season. PAEs were (mean 810 ngg-1; between 44 and 1722 ngg-1) lowest in pre monsoon season. The pre monsoon season is characterized by a minimal runoff consequent to the trapping of these organic pollutants in the river catchment area. The mid and high molecular PAEs (DEHP-Di ethylhexyl phthalate, BBP-Benzyl butyl phthalate and DnBP-Di-n-butyl phthalate) were the dominant congeners relative to the low molecular weight congeners (DMP-Dimethyl phthalate and DEP-Diethyl phthalate). DEHP and BBP levels exceeded permissible risk levels indicating a serious ecological hazard to the estuarine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ramzi
- Inter University Centre for Development of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682016, India
| | - T R Gireeshkumar
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre-Kochi, 682018, India
| | - K Habeeb Rahman
- Inter University Centre for Development of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682016, India; Department of Chemical Oceanography, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682016, India.
| | - Mohan Manu
- Inter University Centre for Development of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682016, India
| | - K K Balachandran
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre-Kochi, 682018, India
| | - Jacob Chacko
- Department of Chemical Oceanography, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682016, India
| | - N Chandramohanakumar
- Inter University Centre for Development of Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682016, India
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Fast and sensitive determination of 10 forbidden phthalates in perfumes by ultra–high performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1578:45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Parada H, Gammon MD, Chen J, Calafat AM, Neugut AI, Santella RM, Wolff MS, Teitelbaum SL. Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations and Breast Cancer Incidence and Survival following Breast Cancer: The Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2018; 126:047013. [PMID: 29701940 PMCID: PMC6071801 DOI: 10.1289/ehp2083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates, known endocrine disruptors, may play a role in breast carcinogenesis. Few studies have examined phthalates in relation to breast cancer (BC), and, to our knowledge, none have considered survival following BC. OBJECTIVES We examined 11 urinary phthalate metabolites, individually and as molar sum groupings, in association with BC incidence and subsequent survival. METHODS Our study includes 710 women diagnosed with first primary BC in 1996-1997 and 598 women without BC from Long Island, New York. Within 3 mo of diagnosis, participants provided spot urine samples. Nine phthalate metabolites were measured in all women; two [monocarboxyoctyl phthalate (MCOP) and monocarboxy-isononyl phthalate (MCNP)] were measured in 320 women with and 205 without BC. Women with BC were followed since diagnosis using the National Death Index; during follow-up (median=17.6 y), we identified 271 deaths (98 BC related). We examined creatinine-corrected metabolite concentrations in association with: BC, using logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and all-cause/BC-specific mortality, using Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. We also examined effect modification by body mass index (BMI) and estrogen receptor (ER) status. RESULTS The highest (vs. lowest) quintiles of mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), MCNP, and MCOP were associated with BC ORs ranging from 0.71-0.73. The highest (vs. lowest) quintiles of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and MCOP were associated with BC-specific mortality HRs of 0.54 (95% CI: 0.28, 1.04) and 0.55 (95% CI: 0.23, 1.35), respectively. For BC-specific mortality, interactions were significant between BMI and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxyhexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), and mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), with positive associations among women with BMI<25 and inverse associations among women with BMI≥25.0 kg/m2. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with laboratory evidence, we observed inverse associations between urinary concentrations of several phthalate metabolites and BC and subsequent survival; however, these results should be interpreted with caution given that biospecimen collection among women with BC occurred after diagnosis, which may be of particular concern for our case-control findings. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2083.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Parada
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Marilie D Gammon
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Alfred I Neugut
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Regina M Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mary S Wolff
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan L Teitelbaum
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Paluselli A, Fauvelle V, Schmidt N, Galgani F, Net S, Sempéré R. Distribution of phthalates in Marseille Bay (NW Mediterranean Sea). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 621:578-587. [PMID: 29195205 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs) are a group of emerging organic contaminants that have become a serious issue because of their ubiquitous presence and hazardous impact on the marine environment worldwide. Seawater samples were collected monthly from December 2013 to November 2014 in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea (Marseille Bay). The samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as well as the molecular distribution of dissolved PAEs by using solid phase extraction followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses. The results demonstrated the occurrence of six PAEs, including dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), with total concentrations ranging from 130 to 1330ngL-1 (av. 522ngL-1). In Marseille Bay, the highest concentrations were detected in the bottom water from June to November 2014 and in the whole water column during the winter mixing period. This result suggests that resuspension of PAE-rich sediment, in relation to the accumulation of plastic debris above the seabed, or the higher degradation rate in the upper layer of the water column, plays a significant role in the PAE dynamics in coastal water. DEHP was the most abundant PAE in all of the surface samples and the summer bottom samples, followed by DiBP and DnBP, which also represent the largest fractions in the other bottom samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Paluselli
- Aix-Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Fauvelle
- Aix-Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - Natascha Schmidt
- Aix-Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
| | - François Galgani
- IFREMER, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources, Provence Azur Corse (LER/PAC), Ifremer Centre de Méditerranée, ZP de Bregaillon, La Seyne sur Mer, France
| | - Sopheak Net
- Université de Lille, Laboratoire LASIR, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Richard Sempéré
- Aix-Marseille Univ., Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France.
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Kong Y, Shen J, Chen Z, Kang J, Li T, Wu X, Kong X, Fan L. Profiles and risk assessment of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in drinking water sources and treatment plants, East China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:23646-23657. [PMID: 28856491 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9783-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study is the first report describing the occurrence of 15 phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in the three typical water sources of YiXing City, Taihu Upper-River Basin, East China. The fate of target PAEs in the Jiubin drinking water treatment plant (JTP) was also analyzed. The amounts of Σ15PAE in the Hengshan (HS), Youche (YC), and Xijiu (XJ) water sources were relatively moderate, with mean values of 360, 357, and 697 ng L-1, respectively. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) dominated the PAE concentration, making up 80% of the 15 total PAEs. The highest levels of Σ15PAE were found in HS, YC, and XJ in March 2015, January 2015, and July 2014, respectively. The occurrence and concentrations of these compounds were spatially dependent, and the mean concentrations of Σ15PAE in HS, YC, and XJ samples increased from the surface layer to the bottom layer with varied percentage increases. The removal efficiency of the PAEs in the finished water varied markedly, and the removal of PAEs by the JTP ranged from 12.8 to 64.5%. The potential ecosystem risk assessment indicated that the risk of PAEs was relatively low in these three water sources. However, risks posed by PAEs due to drinking water still exist; therefore, special attention should be paid to source control in the JTP, and advanced treatment processes for drinking water supplies should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jimin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Zhonglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
- HIT Yixing Academy of Environmental Protection, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Jing Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Taiping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Xiaofei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - XiangZhen Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Leitao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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17
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Zeng HH, Li XQ, Hao WL, Zhang LZ, Wei T, Zhao XF, Liu YY, Li JH. Determination of phthalate esters in airborne particulates by heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyzed aromatic hydroxylation fluorimetry. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 324:250-257. [PMID: 27817874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The environmental contaminants phthalic acid esters (PAEs) were determined by aromatic hydroxylation fluorimetry combined with heterogeneous photo-Fenton process in the presence of vermiculite supported BiFeO3 (VMT-BiFeO3). In strong alkaline solution, PAEs were hydrolyzed into phthalates with no fluorescence, which then reacted with hydroxyl free radicals produced in photo-Fenton process catalyzed by VMT-BiFeO3 to form the fluorescent hydroxyl phthalates. The fluorescence intensity was proportional to the concentration of PAEs with the maximum excitation and emission wavelength of 300nm and 417nm, respectively. A good linear relationship can be obtained in the range of 3.8×10-7 to 4.8×10-5molL-1 for DEP with correlation coefficient of 0.9997, and the sensitivity of the method was high with detection limit of 5.43×10-8molL-1. The method has been successfully applied to determine total PAEs in airborne particulates with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Hua Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Changji University, Changji 831100 Xinjiang, China
| | - Xue-Qin Li
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Changji University, Changji 831100 Xinjiang, China
| | - Wen-Li Hao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Changji University, Changji 831100 Xinjiang, China
| | - Li-Zhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Changji University, Changji 831100 Xinjiang, China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Changji University, Changji 831100 Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiu-Feng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Changji University, Changji 831100 Xinjiang, China.
| | - Yu-Yan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Changji University, Changji 831100 Xinjiang, China
| | - Jian-Hui Li
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Changji University, Changji 831100 Xinjiang, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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18
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Ni X, Xing X, Cao Y, Cao G. Determination of phthalates in food packing materials by electrokinetic chromatography with polymeric pseudostationary phase. Food Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gao Y, An T, Ji Y, Li G, Zhao C. Eco-toxicity and human estrogenic exposure risks from OH-initiated photochemical transformation of four phthalates in water: A computational study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 206:510-517. [PMID: 26284346 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Transformation products (TPs) of emerging organic contaminates (EOCs) in water are still rarely considered in environmental risk assessment, although some have been found to be concern. OH is believed as an important reactive species both in indirect phototransformation and advanced oxidation technology. Thus, eco-toxicity and human estrogenic exposure risks of four phthalates and TPs during the OH-initiated photochemical process were investigated using computational approach. Four phthalates can be degraded through OH-addition and H-transfer pathways. The OH-addition TPs were predominant for dimethyl phthalates, while H-transfer TPs were predominant for other three phthalates. Compared with phthalates, OH-addition TPs (o-OH-phthalates) were one level more toxic to aquatic organisms, and m-OH-phthalates exhibit higher estrogenic activity. Although H-transfer TPs were less harmful than OH-addition TPs, some of them still have aquatic toxicity and estrogenic activity. Therefore, more attentions should be paid to photochemical TPs and original EOCs, particularly those exhibiting high estrogenic activity to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Taicheng An
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yuemeng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Cunyuan Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Zheng X, Zhang BT, Teng Y. Distribution of phthalate acid esters in lakes of Beijing and its relationship with anthropogenic activities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 476-477:107-113. [PMID: 24463031 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of 15 phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in water, sediment and suspended particle samples from representative lakes of Beijing was investigated and its relationship with anthropogenic activities was also assessed. The sample preparation and analysis methods for PAEs, using solid-phase extraction or microwave assisted extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, were developed to achieve the satisfactory detection limits and recoveries. The analysis results indicated occurrences of most target PAEs were widespread in the researched lakes with the total PAE concentrations ranged from 0.386 to 3.184 μg/L in water, from 52.6 to 8216.4 ng/g dry weight in sediments and from 138.7 to 2052.4 μg/g dry weight in suspended particles. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and di-butyl phthalate were the predominant PAEs, frequently being detected in all matrices, followed by di-iso-butyl phthalate and butyl benzyl phthalate. It was also found that anthropogenic activities were associated with the spatial distribution of phthalates in sediments considering its relationship with population distribution characteristics of Beijing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Zheng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Bo-Tao Zhang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yanguo Teng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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21
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He W, Qin N, Kong XZ, Liu WX, He QS, Wang QM, Yang C, Jiang YJ, Yang B, Wu WJ, Xu FL. Water quality benchmarking (WQB) and priority control screening (PCS) of persistent toxic substances (PTSs) in China: necessity, method and a case study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 472:1108-1120. [PMID: 24361746 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The priority control screening (PCS) and water quality benchmarking (WQB) of toxic chemicals in water are key steps to ensure the safety of drinking water and aquatic ecosystem that is the crucial goal of water environment management. Owing to the different levels of social-economic development in different countries and regions, the PCS and WQB of toxic chemicals must be determined in accordance with their specific water environment situations. However, in China, the PCS and WQB of toxic chemicals in water were mainly introduced from the other countries. A method for the PCS and WQB of toxic chemicals in water based on the ecological risks was proposed, and a platform named Bayesian Matbugs Calculator (BMC) was developed. As a case study, the WQB and PCS of sixty-nine PTSs based their ecological risks were performed on the basis of one-year monthly monitoring in Lake Chaohu. The results showed that the current national water quality criteria (WQC) would underestimate the toxicological risk to organisms in this aquatic ecosystem. It appears necessary to develop new WQC for the protection of aquatic organisms in Lake Chaohu. Four grades of priority control chemicals (PCCs) in Lake Chaohu were proposed. The highest priority was assigned to organonitrogen-phosphorus pesticides, including parathion, dichlorvos, malathion, omethoate, and di-n-butyl phthalate. However, the national "blacklist" of toxic compounds only covered 7 of 20 PCCs, indicating that the other 13 PCCs would not be controlled efficiently. Because the pollution pattern of PTSs in various water bodies might be quite different, we appealed to the governments to screen the regional PPC lists or develop a more comprehensive national list for aquatic ecosystem protection in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Ning Qin
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xiang-Zhen Kong
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Wen-Xiu Liu
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Qi-Shuang He
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Qing-Mei Wang
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Chen Yang
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Yu-Jiao Jiang
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Bin Yang
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Wu
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Fu-Liu Xu
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
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22
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Wen ZD, Gao DW, Wu WM. Biodegradation and kinetic analysis of phthalates by an Arthrobacter strain isolated from constructed wetland soil. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:4683-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Surface molecularly imprinted polymers with synthetic dummy template for simultaneously selective recognition of nine phthalate esters. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1330:6-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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24
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He W, Qin N, Kong X, Liu W, He Q, Ouyang H, Yang C, Jiang Y, Wang Q, Yang B, Xu F. Spatio-temporal distributions and the ecological and health risks of phthalate esters (PAEs) in the surface water of a large, shallow Chinese lake. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 461-462:672-680. [PMID: 23770548 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The spatio-temporal distributions and the ecological and health risks of PAEs in surface water of Lake Chaohu, the fifth largest lake in China, were studied based on the monthly monitoring of six PAE congeners from May 2010 to April 2011. The annual total concentration of the six PAE congeners (Σ6PAE) in the surface water ranged from 0.467 to 17.953 μg L(-1), with the average value of 4.042±3.929 μg L(-1). The di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) that dominated the Σ6PAE at 65.8% was found at its highest and lowest levels in the western lake (TX) and eastern drinking water source area (JC), respectively. The temporal distributions of Σ6PAE showed that the highest and lowest levels were observed in September 2010 and June 2010, respectively. The different relationships between the runoff and the PAEs with low and high levels of carbon might suggest their different sources. The DnBP had much greater ecological risks than the other studied PAE congeners as indicated by its potential affected fractions (PAFs) and the margin of safety (MOS10). The PAE congeners studied posed little health risk to the nearby male and female citizens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban & Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
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25
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Yuwatini E, Hata N, Kuramitz H, Taguchi S. Effect of salting-out on distribution behavior of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and its analogues between water and sediment. SPRINGERPLUS 2013; 2:422. [PMID: 24024106 PMCID: PMC3766512 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A higher enrichment of organic pollutant, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was found in estuary of Oyabe River and Jinzu River, Japan. Based on this, the distribution of DEHP between water and bed sediment was investigated as a model of organic pollutant through both the field investigation and laboratory experiment. The laboratory experiment was performed to examine the effect of seawater, organic matter in sediment and hydrophobicity (log Kow) of organic pollutants. The result showed that salting-out effect due to the high salinity in seawater and organic matter in sediment contributed towards the increasing of DEHP distribution between water and sediment. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of organic pollutant also enhances the distribution between water and sediment to a higher magnitude in the presence of seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erini Yuwatini
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama, 930-8555 Japan
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26
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Punzon I, Latapie V, Le Mével S, Hagneau A, Jolivet P, Palmier K, Fini JB, Demeneix BA. Towards a humanized PPARγ reporter system for in vivo screening of obesogens. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013; 374:1-9. [PMID: 23603401 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Overeating and lack of exercise are major contributors to the current obesity epidemic, but environmental contaminants, or obesogens, are also considered to be potential actors. A common obesogen target is the Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ). Screening for exogenous obesogens requires in vivo systems as many xenobiotics exert their effects through metabolites. We thus developed a humanized in vivo PPARγ reporter model, using Xenopus laevis larvae, a species possessing metabolic capacities comparable to mammals. A somatic transgenesis approach was used to co-express an expression vector for the human PPARγ protein simultaneously with one of a series of reporter vectors, each containing a PPARγ Response Element (PPRE)-eGFP sequence. Treatment of tadpoles with PPARγ agonists, antagonists or candidate obesogens, significantly modulated eGFP expression. Thus, the system provides a promising proof of principle for a sensitive and reliable humanized in vivo tool to screen both novel PPARγ drug ligands and potential endocrine disruptors or obesogens targeting this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Punzon
- UMR CNRS 7221, Evolution des Régulations Endocriniennes CNRS UMR 7221/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Régulations, Développement et Diversité Moléculaire, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75231 Paris, France
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27
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Separation of phthalates by cyclodextrin modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography: Quantitation in perfumes. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 782:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Bargar TA, Garrison VH, Alvarez DA, Echols KR. Contaminants assessment in the coral reefs of Virgin Islands National Park and Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2013; 70:281-288. [PMID: 23566560 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Coral, fish, plankton, and detritus samples were collected from coral reefs in Virgin Islands National Park (VIIS) and Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument (VICR) to assess existing contamination levels. Passive water sampling using polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) and semi-permeable membrane devices found a few emerging pollutants of concern (DEET and galaxolide) and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Very little persistent organic chemical contamination was detected in the tissue or detritus samples. Detected contaminants were at concentrations below those reported to be harmful to aquatic organisms. Extracts from the POCIS were subjected to the yeast estrogen screen (YES) to assess potential estrogenicity of the contaminant mixture. Results of the YES (estrogen equivalency of 0.17-0.31 ng/L 17-β-estradiol) indicated a low estrogenicity likelihood for contaminants extracted from water. Findings point to low levels of polar and non-polar organic contaminants in the bays sampled within VICR and VIIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Bargar
- Southeast Ecological Science Center, US Geological Survey, 7920 NW 71st Street, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA.
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