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Koirala B, Concas A, Cincotti A, Sun Y, Hernández A, Goodwin ML, Gladden LB, Lai N. Estimation of differential pathlength factor from NIRS measurement in skeletal muscle. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2024; 326:104283. [PMID: 38788987 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2024.104283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of continuous wave (CW) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) device to measure non-invasively muscle oxygenation in healthy and disease states is limited by the uncertainties related to the differential path length factor (DPF). DPF value is required to quantify oxygenated and deoxygenated heme groups' concentration changes from measurement of optical densities by NIRS. An integrated approach that combines animal and computational models of oxygen transport and utilization was used to estimate the DPF value in situ. The canine model of muscle oxidative metabolism allowed measurement of both venous oxygen content and tissue oxygenation by CW NIRS under different oxygen delivery conditions. The experimental data obtained from the animal model were integrated in a computational model of O2 transport and utilization and combined with Beer-Lambert law to estimate DPF value in contracting skeletal muscle. A 2.1 value was found for DPF by fitting the mathematical model to the experimental data obtained in contracting muscle (T3) (Med.Sci.Sports.Exerc.48(10):2013-2020,2016). With the estimated value of DPF, model simulations well predicted the optical density measured by NIRS on the same animal model but with different blood flow, arterial oxygen contents and contraction rate (J.Appl.Physiol.108:1169-1176, 2010 and 112:9-19,2013) and demonstrated the robustness of the approach proposed in estimating DPF value. The approach used can overcome the semi-quantitative nature of the NIRS and estimate non-invasively DPF to obtain an accurate concentration change of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemo groups by CW NIRS measurements in contracting skeletal muscle under different oxygen delivery and contraction rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Koirala
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - A Concas
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - A Cincotti
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - A Hernández
- Faculty Research Liaison School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts University of California, USA
| | - M L Goodwin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - L B Gladden
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - N Lai
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA; Biomedical Engineering Institute; Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Menezes TFC, Lee MH, Lucena J, Sperandio PCA, Ota-Arakaki JS, Ferreira EVM, Oliveira RKF. Dyspnea Investigation in Behçet's Disease: The Role of Advanced Diagnostic Methods to Elucidate Dyspnea in Systemic Diseases. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2024; 21:977-982. [PMID: 38819136 PMCID: PMC11160131 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202309-790cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thais F. C. Menezes
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Michael H. Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Juliana Lucena
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Priscila C. A. Sperandio
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Jaquelina S. Ota-Arakaki
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Eloara V. M. Ferreira
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Rudolf K. F. Oliveira
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
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Sández I, Martín-Flores M, Portela DA, Márquez-Grados F, Monge-García MI. Haemodynamic effects of labetalol in isoflurane-anaesthetized dogs that received dexmedetomidine: A randomized clinical trial. Vet Anaesth Analg 2024; 51:126-134. [PMID: 38114389 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2023.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test whether labetalol improved cardiovascular function in anaesthetized dogs injected with dexmedetomidine. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, randomized, blinded, clinical trial. ANIMALS A group of 20 healthy client-owned dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. METHODS Each dog received dexmedetomidine (5 μg kg-1) and methadone (0.2 mg kg-1) intramuscularly. General anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. All dogs were mechanically ventilated, and epidural anaesthesia with lidocaine was performed. Standard anaesthetic monitoring, invasive blood pressure, oesophageal Doppler and near-infrared tissue perfusion/oxygenation were applied. Peak velocity (PV), mean acceleration and stroke distance (SD) from the oesophageal Doppler were recorded. Arterial elastance (Ea) was calculated. Tissue oxygenation (rStO2) was also recorded. Prior to surgery, animals received either 0.1 mg kg-1 of labetalol intravenously (IV) over 60 seconds or the equivalent volume of saline. Data were recorded for 20 minutes. Age, weight and propofol dose were compared with a Wilcoxon rank-sum test. The effects of time, treatment and their interaction with haemodynamic and perfusion variables were analysed with mixed-effect models and Tukey's post hoc tests. RESULTS Significant effects of the interaction between treatment and time were observed whereby heart rate (HR) was higher in dogs given labetalol (p = 0.01), whereas arterial blood pressure and Ea were lower (p < 0.01). Similarly, PV, SD and rStO2 were higher in the labetalol group, and significant effects were detected for the interaction between treatment and time (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Labetalol at a dose of 0.1 mg kg-1 IV in dogs under general anaesthesia and administered a pre-anaesthetic medication of dexmedetomidine produced mild vasodilation (reduction of Ea), resulting in an increase in HR and left ventricular outflow. Although labetalol could be an effective option to achieve haemodynamic optimization after dexmedetomidine-induced vasoconstriction, future studies are needed to assess long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Sández
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Hospital Veterinario AniCura-Vetsia, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Manuel Martín-Flores
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Diego A Portela
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Porcelli S, Pilotto A, Rossiter HB. NIRS-Based Muscle Oxygenation Is Not Suitable to Compute Convective and Diffusive Components of O 2 Transport at V̇O 2max. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:2106-2109. [PMID: 37343384 PMCID: PMC10592547 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Porcelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, ITALY
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, ITALY
| | - A.M. Pilotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, ITALY
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, ITALY
| | - Harry B. Rossiter
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
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Manferdelli G, Barstow TJ, Millet GP. NIRS-Based Muscle Oxygenation Is Suitable for Computation of the Convective and Diffusive Components of O 2 Transport at V̇O 2max : Response to Porcelli, Pilotto, and Rossiter. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:2110-2111. [PMID: 37343388 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas J Barstow
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Grégoire P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND
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Manferdelli G, Barstow TJ, Millet GP. NIRS-Based Muscle Oxygenation Is Suitable for Computation of the Convective and Diffusive Components of O 2 Transport at V̇O 2max. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:2103-2105. [PMID: 37343383 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas J Barstow
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Grégoire P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND
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Koirala B, Concas A, Sun Y, Gladden LB, Lai N. Relationship between muscle venous blood oxygenation and near-infrared spectroscopy: quantitative analysis of the Hb and Mb contributions. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:1063-1074. [PMID: 36927143 PMCID: PMC10125031 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00406.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A linear relationship between skeletal muscle venous ([Formula: see text]) and oxygenated (ΔHbMbO2,N) or deoxygenated (ΔHHbMbN) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signals suggest a main hemoglobin (Hb) contribution to the NIRS signal. However, experimental, and computational evidence supports a significant contribution of myoglobin (Mb) to the NIRS. Venous and NIRS measurements from a canine model of muscle oxidative metabolism (Sun Y, Ferguson BS, Rogatzki MJ, McDonald JR, Gladden LB. Med Sci Sports Exerc 48(10):2013-2020, 2016) were integrated into a computational model of muscle O2 transport and utilization to evaluate whether the relationship between venous and NIRS oxygenation can be affected by a significant Mb contribution to the NIRS signals. The mathematical model predicted well the measure of the changes of [Formula: see text] and NIRS signals for different O2 delivery conditions (blood flow, arterial O2 content) in muscle at rest (T1, T2) and during contraction (T3). Furthermore, computational analysis indicates that for adequate O2 delivery, Mb contribution to NIRS signals was significant (20%-30%) even in the presence of a linear [Formula: see text]-NIRS relationship; for a reduced O2 delivery the nonlinearity of the [Formula: see text]-NIRS relationship was related to the Mb contribution (50%). In this case (T3), the deviation from linearity is observed when O2 delivery is reduced from 1.3 to 0.7 L kg-1·min-1 ([Formula: see text] < 10 mLO2 100 mL-1) and Mb saturation decreased from 85% to 40% corresponding to an increase of the Mb contribution to ΔHHbMbN from 15% to 50% and the contribution to ΔHbMbO2,N from 0% to 30%. In contrast to a common assumption, our model indicates that both NIRS signals (ΔHHbMbN and ΔHbMbO2,N are significantly affected by Hb and Mb oxygenation changes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Within the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signal, the contribution from hemoglobin is indistinguishable from that of myoglobin. A computation analysis indicates that a linear relationship between muscle venous oxygen content and NIRS signals does not necessarily indicate a negligible myoglobin contribution to the NIRS signal. A reduced oxygen delivery increases the myoglobin contribution to the NIRS signal. The integrative approach proposed is a powerful way to assist in interpreting the elements from which the NIRS signals are derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhabuk Koirala
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia United States
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States
| | - Alessandro Concas
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - L Bruce Gladden
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama United States
| | - Nicola Lai
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia United States
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States
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8
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Manferdelli G, Narang BJ, Bourdillon N, Debevec T, Millet GP. Physiological Responses to Exercise in Hypoxia in Preterm Adults: Convective and Diffusive Limitations in the O 2 Transport. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:482-496. [PMID: 36459101 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Premature birth induces long-term sequelae on the cardiopulmonary system, leading to reduced exercise capacity. However, the mechanisms of this functional impairment during incremental exercise remain unclear. Also, a blunted hypoxic ventilatory response was found in preterm adults, suggesting an increased risk for adverse effects of hypoxia in this population. This study aimed to investigate the oxygen cascade during incremental exercise to exhaustion in both normoxia and hypobaric hypoxia in prematurely born adults with normal lung function and their term born counterparts. METHODS Noninvasive measures of gas exchange, cardiac hemodynamics, and both muscle and cerebral oxygenation were continuously performed using metabolic cart, transthoracic impedance, and near-infrared spectroscopy, respectively, during an incremental exercise test to exhaustion performed at sea level and after 3 d of high-altitude exposure in healthy preterm ( n = 17; gestational age, 29 ± 1 wk; normal lung function) and term born ( n = 17) adults. RESULTS At peak, power output, oxygen uptake, stroke volume indexed for body surface area, and cardiac output were lower in preterm compared with term born in normoxia ( P = 0.042, P = 0.027, P = 0.030, and P = 0.018, respectively) but not in hypoxia, whereas pulmonary ventilation, peripheral oxygen saturation, and muscle and cerebral oxygenation were similar between groups. These later parameters were modified by hypoxia ( P < 0.001). Hypoxia increased muscle oxygen extraction at submaximal and maximal intensity in term born ( P < 0.05) but not in preterm participants. Hypoxia decreased cerebral oxygen saturation in term born but not in preterm adults at rest and during exercise ( P < 0.05). Convective oxygen delivery was decreased by hypoxia in term born ( P < 0.001) but not preterm adults, whereas diffusive oxygen transport decreased similarly in both groups ( P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that exercise capacity in preterm is primarily reduced by impaired convective, rather than diffusive, oxygen transport. Moreover, healthy preterm adults may experience blunted hypoxia-induced impairments during maximal exercise compared with their term counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicolas Bourdillon
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND
| | | | - Grégoire P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND
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9
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Koirala B, Concas A, Sun Y, Gladden LB, Lai N. Blood volume versus deoxygenated NIRS signal: computational analysis of the effects muscle O 2 delivery and blood volume on the NIRS signals. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:1418-1431. [PMID: 34528461 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00105.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signals quantify the oxygenated (ΔHbMbO2) and deoxygenated (ΔHHbMb) heme group concentrations. ΔHHbMb has been preferred to ΔHbMbO2 in evaluating skeletal muscle oxygen extraction because it is assumed to be less sensitive to blood volume (BV) changes, but uncertainties exist on this assumption. To analyze this assumption, a computational model of oxygen transport and metabolism is used to quantify the effect of O2 delivery and BV changes on the NIRS signals from a canine model of muscle oxidative metabolism (Sun Y, Ferguson BS, Rogatzki MJ, McDonald JR, Gladden LB. Med Sci Sports Exerc 48: 2013-2020, 2016). The computational analysis accounts for microvascular (ΔHbO2, ΔHHb) and extravascular (ΔMbO2, ΔHMb) oxygenated and deoxygenated forms. Simulations predicted muscle oxygen uptake and NIRS signal changes well for blood flows ranging from resting to contracting muscle. Additional NIRS signal simulations were obtained in the absence or presence of BV changes corresponding to a heme groups concentration changes (ΔHbMb = 0-48 µM). Under normal delivery (Q = 1.0 L·kg-1·min-1) in contracting muscle, capillary oxygen saturation (So2) was 62% with capillary ΔHbO2 and ΔHHb of ± 41 µΜ for ΔHbMb = 0. An increase of BV (ΔHbMb = 24 µΜ) caused a ΔHbO2 decrease (16µΜ) almost twice as much as the increase observed for ΔHHb (9 µΜ). When So2 increased to more than 80%, only ΔHbO2 was significantly affected by BV changes. The analysis indicates that microvascular So2 is a key factor in determining the sensitivity of ΔHbMbO2 and deoxygenated ΔHHbMb to BV changes. Contrary to a common assumption, the ΔHHbMb is affected by BV changes in normal contracting muscle and even more in the presence of impaired O2 delivery.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Deoxygenated is preferred to the oxygenated near-infrared spectroscopy signal in evaluating skeletal muscle oxygen extraction because it is assumed to be insensitive to blood volume changes. The quantitative analysis proposed in this study indicates that even in absence of skin blood flow effects, both NIRS signals in presence of either normal or reduced oxygen delivery are affected by blood volume changes. These changes should be considered to properly quantify muscle oxygen extraction by NIRS methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Koirala
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.,Biomedical Engineering Institute, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - A Concas
- Center for Advanced Studies, Research and Development in Sardinia (CRS4), Cagliari, Italy
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - L B Gladden
- School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - N Lai
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.,Biomedical Engineering Institute, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
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Tucker WJ, Rosenberry R, Trojacek D, Sanchez B, Bentley RF, Haykowsky MJ, Tian F, Nelson MD. Near-infrared diffuse correlation spectroscopy tracks changes in oxygen delivery and utilization during exercise with and without isolated arterial compression. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 318:R81-R88. [PMID: 31746636 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00212.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared diffuse correlation spectroscopy (NIR-DCS) is an emerging technology for simultaneous measurement of skeletal muscle microvascular oxygen delivery and utilization during exercise. The extent to which NIR-DCS can track acute changes in oxygen delivery and utilization has not yet been fully established. To address this knowledge gap, 14 healthy men performed rhythmic handgrip exercise at 30% maximal voluntary contraction, with and without isolated brachial artery compression, designed to acutely reduce convective oxygen delivery to the exercising muscle. Radial artery blood flow (Duplex Ultrasound) and NIR-DCS derived variables [blood flow index (BFI), tissue oxygen saturation (StO2), and metabolic rate of oxygen (MRO2)] were simultaneously measured. During exercise, both radial artery blood flow (+51.6 ± 20.3 mL/min) and DCS-derived BFI (+155.0 ± 82.2%) increased significantly (P < 0.001), whereas StO2 decreased -7.9 ± 6.2% (P = 0.002) from rest. Brachial artery compression during exercise caused a significant reduction in both radial artery blood flow (-32.0 ± 19.5 mL/min, P = 0.001) and DCS-derived BFI (-57.3 ± 51.1%, P = 0.01) and a further reduction of StO2 (-5.6 ± 3.8%, P = 0.001) compared with exercise without compression. MRO2 was not significantly reduced during arterial compression (P = 0.83) due to compensatory reductions in StO2, driven by increases in deoxyhemoglobin/myoglobin (+7.1 ± 6.1 μM, P = 0.01; an index of oxygen extraction). Together, these proof-of-concept data help to further validate NIR-DCS as an effective tool to assess the determinants of skeletal muscle oxygen consumption at the level of the microvasculature during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley J Tucker
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas.,College of Nursing, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas.,Department of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Houston, Texas
| | - Ryan Rosenberry
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Darian Trojacek
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Belinda Sanchez
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Robert F Bentley
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark J Haykowsky
- College of Nursing, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Fenghua Tian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
| | - Michael D Nelson
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
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Feldmann A, Schmitz R, Erlacher D. Near-infrared spectroscopy-derived muscle oxygen saturation on a 0% to 100% scale: reliability and validity of the Moxy Monitor. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 24:1-11. [PMID: 31741352 PMCID: PMC7003144 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.11.115001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to monitor muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) is rapidly expanding into applied sports settings. However, the technology is limited due to its inability to convey quantifiable values. A test battery to assess reliability and validity of a 0% to 100% scale modeled by a commercially available NIRS device was established. This test battery applies a commonly used technique, the arterial occlusion method (AOM) to assess repeatability, reproducibility, and face validity. A total of 22 participants completed the test battery to scrutinize the 0% to 100% scale provided by the device. All participants underwent repeated AOM tests in passive and active conditions. The SmO2 minimum and SmO2 maximum values were obtained from the AOM and were used in the subsequent analysis. Repeatability and reproducibility were tested for equivalency and Bland-Altman plots were generated. Face validity was assessed by testing SmO2 values against an a priori; defined threshold for mixed venous blood during AOM response. The device exhibits an appropriately functional 0% to 100% scale that is reliable in terms of repeatability and reproducibility. Under the conditions applied in the test battery design, the device is considered valid for application in sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andri Feldmann
- University of Bern, Institute of Sport Science, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Daniel Erlacher
- University of Bern, Institute of Sport Science, Bern, Switzerland
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12
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Tucker WJ, Rosenberry R, Trojacek D, Chamseddine HH, Arena-Marshall CA, Zhu Y, Wang J, Kellawan JM, Haykowsky MJ, Tian F, Nelson MD. Studies into the determinants of skeletal muscle oxygen consumption: novel insight from near-infrared diffuse correlation spectroscopy. J Physiol 2019; 597:2887-2901. [PMID: 30982990 DOI: 10.1113/jp277580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) is emerging as a powerful tool to assess skeletal muscle perfusion. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an established technique for characterizing the transport and utilization of oxygen through the microcirculation. Here we compared a combined NIRS-DCS system with conventional measures of oxygen delivery and utilization during handgrip exercise. The data show good concurrent validity between convective oxygen delivery and DCS-derived blood flow index, as well as between oxygen extraction at the conduit and microvascular level. We then manipulated forearm arterial perfusion pressure by adjusting the position of the exercising arm relative to the position of the heart. The data show that microvascular perfusion can be uncoupled from convective oxygen delivery, and that tissue saturation seemingly compensates to maintain skeletal muscle oxygen consumption. Taken together, these data support a novel role for NIRS-DCS in understanding the determinants of muscle oxygen consumption at the microvascular level. ABSTRACT Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) is emerging as a powerful tool to assess skeletal muscle perfusion. Combining DCS with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) introduces exciting possibilities for understanding the determinants of muscle oxygen consumption; however, no investigation has directly compared NIRS-DCS to conventional measures of oxygen delivery and utilization in an exercising limb. To address this knowledge gap, nine healthy males performed rhythmic handgrip exercise with simultaneous measurements by NIRS-DCS, Doppler blood flow and venous oxygen content. The two approaches showed good concurrent validity, with directionally similar responses between: (a) Doppler-derived forearm blood flow and DCS-derived blood flow index (BFI), and (b) venous oxygen saturation and NIRS-derived tissue saturation. To explore the utility of combined NIRS-DCS across the physiological spectrum, we manipulated forearm arterial perfusion pressure by altering the arm position above or below the level of the heart. As expected, Doppler-derived skeletal muscle blood flow increased with exercise in both arm positions, but with markedly different magnitudes (below: +424.3 ± 41.4 ml/min, above: +306 ± 12.0 ml/min, P = 0.002). In contrast, DCS-derived microvascular BFI increased to a similar extent with exercise, regardless of arm position (P = 0.65). Importantly, however, the time to reach BFI steady state was markedly slower with the arm above the heart, supporting the experimental design. Notably, we observed faster tissue desaturation at the onset of exercise with the arm above the heart, resulting in similar muscle oxygen consumption profiles throughout exercise. Taken together, these data support a novel role for NIRS-DCS in understanding the determinants of skeletal muscle oxygen utilization non-invasively and throughout exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley J Tucker
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.,College of Nursing, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Ryan Rosenberry
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Darian Trojacek
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Houda H Chamseddine
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | | | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Nursing, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - J Mikhail Kellawan
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Mark J Haykowsky
- College of Nursing, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Fenghua Tian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Michael D Nelson
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
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Gojda J, Waldauf P, Hrušková N, Blahutová B, Krajčová A, Urban T, Tůma P, Řasová K, Duška F. Lactate production without hypoxia in skeletal muscle during electrical cycling: Crossover study of femoral venous-arterial differences in healthy volunteers. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0200228. [PMID: 30822305 PMCID: PMC6396965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aim of the study was to compare metabolic response of leg skeletal muscle during functional electrical stimulation-driven unloaded cycling (FES) to that seen during volitional supine cycling. METHODS Fourteen healthy volunteers were exposed in random order to supine cycling, either volitional (10-25-50 W, 10 min) or FES assisted (unloaded, 10 min) in a crossover design. Whole body and leg muscle metabolism were assessed by indirect calorimetry with concomitant repeated measurements of femoral venous-arterial differences of blood gases, glucose, lactate and amino acids. RESULTS Unloaded FES cycling, but not volitional exercise, led to a significant increase in across-leg lactate production (from -1.1±2.1 to 5.5±7.4 mmol/min, p<0.001) and mild elevation of arterial lactate (from 1.8±0.7 to 2.5±0.8 mM). This occurred without widening of across-leg veno-arterial (VA) O2 and CO2 gaps. Femoral SvO2 difference was directly proportional to VA difference of lactate (R2 = 0.60, p = 0.002). Across-leg glucose uptake did not change with either type of exercise. Systemic oxygen consumption increased with FES cycling to similarly to 25W volitional exercise (138±29% resp. 124±23% of baseline). There was a net uptake of branched-chain amino acids and net release of Alanine from skeletal muscle, which were unaltered by either type of exercise. CONCLUSIONS Unloaded FES cycling, but not volitional exercise causes significant lactate production without hypoxia in skeletal muscle. This phenomenon can be significant in vulnerable patients' groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gojda
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Petr Waldauf
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Natália Hrušková
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Blahutová
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adéla Krajčová
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Urban
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Tůma
- Department of Hygiene, The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Řasová
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Duška
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and The Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Okushima D, Poole DC, Barstow TJ, Rossiter HB, Kondo N, Bowen TS, Amano T, Koga S. Greater V˙O2peak is correlated with greater skeletal muscle deoxygenation amplitude and hemoglobin concentration within individual muscles during ramp-incremental cycle exercise. Physiol Rep 2018; 4:4/23/e13065. [PMID: 27986837 PMCID: PMC5260088 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is axiomatic that greater aerobic fitness (V˙O2peak) derives from enhanced perfusive and diffusive O2 conductances across active muscles. However, it remains unknown how these conductances might be reflected by regional differences in fractional O2 extraction (i.e., deoxy [Hb+Mb] and tissue O2 saturation [StO2]) and diffusive O2 potential (i.e., total[Hb+Mb]) among muscles spatially heterogeneous in blood flow, fiber type, and recruitment (vastus lateralis, VL; rectus femoris, RF). Using quantitative time‐resolved near‐infrared spectroscopy during ramp cycling in 24 young participants (V˙O2peak range: ~37.4–66.4 mL kg−1 min−1), we tested the hypotheses that (1) deoxy[Hb+Mb] and total[Hb+Mb] at V˙O2peak would be positively correlated with V˙O2peak in both VL and RF muscles; (2) the pattern of deoxygenation (the deoxy[Hb+Mb] slopes) during submaximal exercise would not differ among subjects differing in V˙O2peak. Peak deoxy [Hb+Mb] and StO2 correlated with V˙O2peak for both VL (r = 0.44 and −0.51) and RF (r = 0.49 and −0.49), whereas for total[Hb+Mb] this was true only for RF (r = 0.45). Baseline deoxy[Hb+Mb] and StO2 correlated with V˙O2peak only for RF (r = −0.50 and 0.54). In addition, the deoxy[Hb+Mb] slopes were not affected by aerobic fitness. In conclusion, while the pattern of deoxygenation (the deoxy[Hb+Mb] slopes) did not differ between fitness groups the capacity to deoxygenate [Hb+Mb] (index of maximal fractional O2 extraction) correlated significantly with V˙O2peak in both RF and VL muscles. However, only in the RF did total[Hb+Mb] (index of diffusive O2 potential) relate to fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Okushima
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, Kobe Design University, Kobe, Japan
| | - David C Poole
- Departments of Kinesiology and Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Thomas J Barstow
- Departments of Kinesiology and Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Harry B Rossiter
- Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Division of Respiratory & Critical Care Physiology & Medicine Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Narihiko Kondo
- Laboratory for Applied Human Physiology, Graduate School of Human Development and Environment Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - T Scott Bowen
- Department of Internal Medicine & Cardiology, Heart Center, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tatsuro Amano
- Faculty of Education Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Koga
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, Kobe Design University, Kobe, Japan
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