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Mizumura K, Taguchi T. Neurochemical mechanism of muscular pain: Insight from the study on delayed onset muscle soreness. J Physiol Sci 2024; 74:4. [PMID: 38267849 PMCID: PMC10809664 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-023-00896-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
We reviewed fundamental studies on muscular pain, encompassing the characteristics of primary afferent fibers and neurons, spinal and thalamic projections, several muscular pain models, and possible neurochemical mechanisms of muscle pain. Most parts of this review were based on data obtained from animal experiments, and some researches on humans were also introduced. We focused on delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) induced by lengthening contractions (LC), suitable for studying myofascial pain syndromes. The muscular mechanical withdrawal threshold (MMWT) decreased 1-3 days after LC in rats. Changing the speed and range of stretching showed that muscle injury seldom occurred, except in extreme conditions, and that DOMS occurred in parameters without muscle damage. The B2 bradykinin receptor-nerve growth factor (NGF) route and COX-2-glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) route were involved in the development of DOMS. The interactions between these routes occurred at two levels. A repeated-bout effect was observed in MMWT and NGF upregulation, and this study showed that adaptation possibly occurred before B2 bradykinin receptor activation. We have also briefly discussed the prevention and treatment of DOMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazue Mizumura
- Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Toru Taguchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, 950-3198, Japan
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences (IHMMS), Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, 950-3198, Japan
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2
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Palsson TS, Rubio-Peirotén A, Doménech-García V. Sleep deprivation increases pain sensitivity following acute muscle soreness. Sleep Med 2023; 109:75-81. [PMID: 37423022 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this cross-sectional group comparison study was to investigate whether sleep disturbance facilitates pain sensitivity caused by an acute muscle injury. METHODS Thirty-six healthy individuals were included and randomly assigned to one of three groups in a non-balanced manner: a control group (n = 11) and two groups who performed eccentric exercise for quadriceps to cause delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS). The difference between the DOMS groups was that one followed their habitual sleep pattern (Sleep group, n = 12) and the other had their sleep withdrawn for one night (No-Sleep group, n = 13). The level of DOMS was indicated using a 6-point Likert Scale and pain sensitivity was assessed using Pressure Pain Thresholds (PPT) at the lower legs and shoulder at baseline (Day-1) and after 48 h (Day-3). Additionally, pain distribution following suprathreshold pressure stimulation (STPS) on the quadriceps muscle was assessed on the same days. RESULTS PPTs were significantly reduced at Day-3 compared with Day-1 in both DOMS groups. The relative change between days was larger in the No-Sleep group compared with controls (P<0.05) whilst no significant change was seen in the Sleep group compared with controls. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between groups nor days for the subjective perception of DOMS (Likert Scale) and the size of the area of STPS. CONCLUSIONS The loss of sleep further increases pain sensitivity following an acute soft tissue injury, demonstrating a potential causative role of the lack of sleep on complex pain states following musculoskeletal injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Palsson
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, SMI®, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - A Rubio-Peirotén
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - V Doménech-García
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
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3
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Pressure pain threshold map of thoracolumbar paraspinal muscles after lengthening contractions in young male asymptomatic volunteers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15825. [PMID: 36138196 PMCID: PMC9499944 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20071-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterise topographic distribution of pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) of thoracolumbar paraspinal muscles and its change after lengthening contractions (LCs) of the back muscles. Using young male asymptomatic participants in Experiment 1, we systematically examined the distribution of PPTs bilaterally in the range of Th1–L5 at measurement points 2 and 4 cm from the midline. PPTs were found to be higher in the lumbar segments of the paraspinal muscles than in the thoracic segments, and in muscles closer to the vertebrae (2 vs. 4 cm from the midline). The PPTs did not differ between the left and right sides in each segment. In Experiment 2, LC was applied by asking a part of participants recruited in Experiment 1 to fall their trunk from a starting position (parallel to the floor) to 40° flexed position, and then made it back as quickly as possible to the starting position. This cycle was repeated until participants could not keep contractions (30 times/set, 25.4 ± 10.6 sets). PPTs of the LC group decreased prominently in the lower thoracic and lumbar segments, and the decrease was more evident 24 h after LC compared to that 48 h after. In contrast, PPTs in the control group without LC remained unchanged. These results provided broad topographic images of PPTs in the thoracolumbar paraspinal muscles of young male participants with and without LC, and the obtained PPT maps could be a useful guide for better treatment of exercise-induced myofascial pain in the lower back.
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Resveratrol administration reduces pain perception but does not attenuate force loss following exercise-induced muscle damage. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00889-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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5
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Hedayatpour N, Mohammed Sediq Rashid D, Izanloo Z, Seylaneh H, Falla D. Men and women show different adaptations of quadriceps activity following fatiguing contractions: An explanation for the increased incidence of sports-related knee injuries in women? J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2021; 58:102552. [PMID: 33930804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2021.102552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether adaptations of quadriceps muscle activity to fatiguing exercise differs between sexes. Fifteen healthy men (age, mean ± SD; 22. ± 2.4 yr, body mass 70.5 ± 11.4 kg, height 1.72 ± 0.06 m) and 15 healthy women (age, mean ± SD; 21 ± 1.8 yr, body mass 60 ± 7.5 kg, height 1.62 ± 0.07 m), all right leg dominant, participated in the study. Participants performed a submaximal isometric knee extension contraction at 50% of the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) sustained until task failure before and after a fatiguing exercise. Surface electromyography (EMG) was simultaneously recorded from nine regions distributed over the medial, middle and lateral locations of the quadriceps muscles in a longitudinal direction corresponding to the vastus medialis, rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis muscle, respectively. A significant reduction in maximal force and time to task failure were observed after fatiguing exercise for both sexes (P < 0.001). However, women displayed greater myoelectric manifestations of fatigue specifically for the RF during the post-fatigue sustained contraction (P < 0.05). The RF is more susceptible to fatiguing exercise in women compared to men which may partly explain the higher risk of knee injuries among female athletes during competitive sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosratollah Hedayatpour
- Center for Biomechanics and Motor Control (BMC), Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Izanloo
- Center for Biomechanics and Motor Control (BMC), Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
| | | | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.
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Gallina A, Abboud J, Blouin JS. A task-relevant experimental pain model to target motor adaptation. J Physiol 2021; 599:2401-2417. [PMID: 33638152 DOI: 10.1113/jp281145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Motor adaptation is thought to be a strategy to avoid pain. Current experimental pain models do not allow for consistent modulation of pain perception depending on movement. We showed that low-frequency sinusoidal stimuli delivered at painful intensity result in minimal habituation of pain perception (over 60 s) and minimal stimulation artefacts on electromyographic signals. When the amplitude of the low-frequency sinusoidal stimuli was modulated based on the vertical force participants applied to the ground with their right leg while standing upright, we demonstrated a strong association between perceived pain and motor adaptation. By enabling task-relevant modulation of perceived pain intensity and the recording electromyographic signals during electrical painful stimulation, our novel pain model will permit direct experimental testing of the relationship between pain and motor adaptation. ABSTRACT Contemporary pain adaptation theories predict that motor adaptation occurs to limit pain. Current experimental pain models, however, do not allow for pain intensity modulation according to one's posture or movements. We developed a task-relevant experimental pain model using low-frequency sinusoidal electrical stimuli applied over the infrapatellar fat pad. In fourteen participants, we compared perceived pain habituation and stimulation-induced artefacts in vastus medialis electromyographic recordings elicited by sinusoidal (4, 10, 20 and 50 Hz) and square electrical waveforms delivered at constant peak stimulation amplitude. Next, we simulated a clinical condition where perceived knee pain intensity is proportional to the load applied on the leg by controlling sinusoidal current amplitude (4 Hz) according to the vertical force the participants applied with their right leg to the ground while standing upright. Pain ratings habituated over a 60 s period for 50 Hz sinusoidal and square waveforms but not for low-frequency sinusoidal stimuli (P < 0.001). EMG filters removed most stimulation artefacts for low-frequency sinusoidal stimuli (4 Hz). While balancing upright, participants' pain ratings were correlated with the force applied by the right leg (R2 = 0.65), demonstrating task-relevant changes in perceived pain intensity. Low-frequency sinusoidal stimuli can induce knee pain of constant intensity for 60 s with minimal EMG artefacts while enabling task-relevant pain modulation when controlling current amplitude. By enabling task-dependent modulation of perceived pain intensity, our novel experimental model replicates key temporal aspects of clinical musculoskeletal pain while allowing quantification of neuromuscular activation during painful electrical stimulation. This approach will enable researchers to test the predicted relationship between movement strategies and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Gallina
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jacques Abboud
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Département des Sciences de l'Activité Physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Jean-Sébastien Blouin
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Institute for Computing, Information and Cognitive Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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7
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Cabral HV, Meiburger KM, de Oliveira LF, Vieira TM. Changes in supramaximal M-wave amplitude at different regions of biceps brachii following eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020; 121:307-318. [PMID: 33070208 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-020-04520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous evidence from surface electromyograms (EMGs) suggests that exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) may manifest unevenly within the muscle. Here we investigated whether these regional changes were indeed associated with EIMD or if they were attributed to spurious factors often affecting EMGs. METHODS Ten healthy male subjects performed 3 × 10 eccentric elbow flexions. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), muscle soreness and ultrasound images from biceps brachii distal and proximal regions were measured immediately before (baseline) and during each of the following 4 days after the exercise. Moreover, 64 monopolar surface EMGs were detected while 10 supramaximal pulses were applied to the musculocutaneous nerve. The innervation zone (IZ), the number of electrodes detecting largest M-waves and their centroid longitudinal coordinates were assessed to characterize the spatial distribution of the M-waves amplitude. RESULTS The MVC torque decreased (~ 25%; P < 0.001) while the perceived muscle soreness scale increased (~ 4 cm; 0 cm for no soreness and 10 cm for highest imaginable soreness; P < 0.005) across days. The echo intensity of the ultrasound images increased at 48 h (71%), 72 h (95%) and 96 h (112%) for both muscle regions (P < 0.005), while no differences between regions were observed (P = 0.136). The IZ location did not change (P = 0.283). The number of channels detecting the greatest M-waves significantly decreased (up to 10.7%; P < 0.027) and the centroid longitudinal coordinate shifted distally at 24, 48 and 72 h after EIMD (P < 0.041). CONCLUSION EIMD consistently changed supramaximal M-waves that were detected mainly proximally from the biceps brachii, suggesting that EIMD takes place locally within the biceps brachii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio V Cabral
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Program (COPPE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Kristen M Meiburger
- Biolab, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy.,PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Liliam F de Oliveira
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Program (COPPE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Physical Education and Sports School (EEFD), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Taian M Vieira
- PolitoBIOMed Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy.,Laboratory for Engineering of the Neuromuscular System (LISiN), Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
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8
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Merrigan JJ, Jones MT, Malecek J, Padecky J, Omcirk D, Xu N, Peñailillo L, Tufano JJ. Comparison of Traditional and Rest-Redistribution Sets on Indirect Markers of Muscle Damage Following Eccentric Exercise. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 36:1810-1818. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Peñailillo L, Aedo C, Cartagena M, Contreras A, Reyes A, Ramirez-Campillo R, Earp JE, Zbinden-Foncea H. Effects of Eccentric Cycling Performed at Long vs. Short Muscle Lengths on Heart Rate, Rate Perceived Effort, and Muscle Damage Markers. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:2895-2902. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Heredia-Rizo AM, Petersen KK, Arendt-Nielsen L, Madeleine P. Eccentric Training Changes the Pressure Pain and Stiffness Maps of the Upper Trapezius in Females with Chronic Neck-Shoulder Pain: A Preliminary Study. PAIN MEDICINE 2020; 21:1936-1946. [PMID: 32011710 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnz360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Between 50% and 67% of adults suffer from neck-shoulder pain, which may be associated with increased stiffness of neck muscles. We assessed pressure pain sensitivity and muscle stiffness maps of the upper trapezius in female computer users with and without chronic neck-shoulder pain and investigated the effects of eccentric training on females with neck-shoulder pain. DESIGN Cross-sectional (part 1) and open-label (part 2) study. SETTING University. SUBJECTS Twenty females with neck-shoulder pain were compared with 20 controls (part 1). In part 2, neck-shoulder pain participants followed a five-week unilateral upper trapezius eccentric training program. METHODS Topographical maps of pressure pain thresholds (pressure algometer) and muscle stiffness (myotonometer), using a 15-point grid covering myotendinous and muscle belly sites, and shoulder elevation force and range of elevation (dynamometer) were assessed at baseline and after training. RESULTS There were no differences in pressure pain thresholds between sites (P = 0.243) or groups (P = 0.068), and there were significant differences in stiffness between myotendinous and muscle belly sites (P < 0.001) but not groups (P = 0.273). After training, pressure pain thresholds increased, stiffness decreased (P < 0.005), and shoulder elevation force and range of elevation improved (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The lack of differences in upper trapezius pressure pain sensitivity and stiffness between females with or without neck-shoulder pain confirms no clear etiology among computer users reporting neck-shoulder pain. A five-week eccentric training protocol showed positive effects on pressure pain sensitivity, stiffness, shoulder force, and range of motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Marcos Heredia-Rizo
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Sport Sciences, Performance and Technology, Department of Health Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,SMI, School of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Kristian Kjær Petersen
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lars Arendt-Nielsen
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,SMI, School of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Pascal Madeleine
- Sport Sciences, Performance and Technology, Department of Health Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Alsultan F, Cescon C, Heneghan NR, Rushton A, Barbero M, Falla D. Eccentric exercise and delayed onset muscle soreness reduce the variability of active cervical movements. J Biomech 2020; 111:109962. [PMID: 32882522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
People with acute neck pain commonly present with restricted neck movement. However, it is unknown whether the presence of acute pain affects the quality of neck movement, specifically neck movement variability. We examined the effects of acute neck muscle soreness induced via eccentric exercise in healthy volunteers, on the variability of neck movement by examining changes in parameters of the helical axis during active neck movements. An experimental, single-arm repeated measures study recruited 32 healthy participants, male and female, aged between 18 and 55 years. Repetitive active neck movements (flexion-extension, bilateral lateral flexion and bilateral rotation) were performed at different speeds, either at full range of motion (RoM) or restricted to 45° RoM at baseline, pre-exercise (T0), immediately following eccentric neck exercise (T1), 24 h (T2) and 48 h post-exercise (T3). The mean distance (MD) and mean angle (MA) parameters of the helical axis were extracted to quantify movement variability. MD, measured during movements performed at full RoM, reduced significantly at T2 compared to T0 (P = 0.001) regardless of direction or speed of movement. MA was significantly lower at T2 and T3 compared to T1 (P = 0.029 and P = 0.033, respectively). When RoM was restricted to 45°, significantly lower MD values were observed at T3 compared to T1 (P = 0.034), and significantly lower MA values were measured at T3 compared to T0, T1 and T2 (all P < 0.0001). This study uniquely demonstrates that neck movement variability is reduced immediately after, 24 h and 48 h after eccentric exercise, indicating that acute neck muscle soreness modifies the quality of neck movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feras Alsultan
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK; Physical Therapy Department, College of Medical Rehabilitation, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Corrado Cescon
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno/Landquart, Switzerland
| | - Nicola R Heneghan
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Alison Rushton
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Marco Barbero
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno/Landquart, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.
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Rashid DMS, Faraj SMS, Hedayatpour N. The effect of triceps brachii fatigue on shot accuracy of male and female basketball players. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2020.1736410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nosratollah Hedayatpour
- Center for Biomechanics and Motor Control (BMC), Department of Sport Science, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
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13
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Johnson SL, Stevens SL, Fuller DK, Caputo JL. Effect of Lower-Extremity Eccentric Training on Physical Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2019.1648626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L. Johnson
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, USA
| | - Sandra L. Stevens
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, USA
| | - Dana K. Fuller
- Department of Psychology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Caputo
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, USA
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14
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Tabuchi A, Eshima H, Tanaka Y, Nogami S, Inoue N, Sudo M, Okada H, Poole DC, Kano Y. Regional differences in Ca 2+ entry along the proximal-middle-distal muscle axis during eccentric contractions in rat skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:828-837. [PMID: 31369334 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01005.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Eccentric (ECC) contraction-induced muscle damage is associated with calcium ion (Ca2+) influx from the extracellular milieu through stretch-activated channels. It remains unknown whether Ca2+ influx consequent to repetitive ECC contractions is nonuniform across different muscle regions. We tested the hypothesis that there are regional differences in Ca2+ entry along the proximal-middle-distal muscle axis. Tibialis anterior (TA) muscles of adult male Wistar rats were exposed by reflecting the overlying skin and fasciae and ECC contractions evoked by peroneal nerve stimulation paired with simultaneous ankle extension (50 times/set, 2 protocols: 1 set and 10 sets). During ECC in the proximal, middle, and distal TA, we determined 1) muscle fiber extension by high-speed camera (200 frames/s) and 2) Ca2+ accumulation by in vivo bioimaging (Ca2+-sensitive probe Fura-2-acetoxymethyl ester). Muscle fiber extension from resting was significantly different among regions (i.e., proximal, 4.0%: < middle, 11.2%: < distal, 17.0%; ECC phase length at 500th contraction). Intracellular Ca2+ accumulation after 1 set of ECC was higher in the distal (1.46 ± 0.04, P < 0.05) than the proximal (1.27 ± 0.04) or middle (1.26 ± 0.05) regions. However, this regional Ca2+ accumulation difference disappeared by 32.5 min after the 1 set protocol when the muscle was quiescent and by contraction set 5 for the 10-set protocol. The initial preferential ECC-induced Ca2+ accumulation observed distally was associated spatially with the greater muscle extension compared with that of the proximal and middle regions. Disappearance of the regional Ca2+ accumulation disparity in quiescent and ECC-contracting muscle might be explained, in part, by axial Ca2+ propagation and account for the uniformity of muscle damage across regions evident 3 days post-ECC.NEW & NOTEWORTHY After 1 set of 50 eccentric (ECC) contractions in the anterior tibialis muscle, intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) accumulation evinces substantial regional heterogeneity that is spatially coherent with muscle length changes (i.e., distal [Ca2+]i > middle, proximal). However, irrespective of whether 50 or 500 ECC contractions are performed, this heterogeneity is subsequently abolished, at least in part, by axial intracellular Ca2+ propagation. This Ca2+ homogenization across regions is consistent with the absence of any interregional difference in muscle damage 3 days post-ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Tabuchi
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Eshima
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Yoshinori Tanaka
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nogami
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Inoue
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizuki Sudo
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan.,Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Okada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Control Systems Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David C Poole
- Departments of Anatomy & Physiology and Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Yutaka Kano
- Department of Engineering Science, Bioscience and Technology Program, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (CNBE), University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Mista CA, Laugero SJ, Adur JF, Andersen OK, Biurrun Manresa JA. A new experimental model of muscle pain in humans based on short‐wave diathermy. Eur J Pain 2019; 23:1733-1742. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian A. Mista
- Institute for Research and Development on Bioengineering and Bioinformatics (IBB) CONICET‐UNER Oro Verde Argentina
- Laboratory for Rehabilitation Engineering and Neuromuscular and Sensory Research (LIRINS) National University of Entre Ríos Oro Verde Argentina
| | - Silvio J. Laugero
- Department of Bioengineering National University of Entre Ríos Oro Verde Argentina
| | - Javier F. Adur
- Institute for Research and Development on Bioengineering and Bioinformatics (IBB) CONICET‐UNER Oro Verde Argentina
- Department of Bioengineering National University of Entre Ríos Oro Verde Argentina
| | - Ole K. Andersen
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI®, Faculty of Medicine Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
| | - José A. Biurrun Manresa
- Institute for Research and Development on Bioengineering and Bioinformatics (IBB) CONICET‐UNER Oro Verde Argentina
- Laboratory for Rehabilitation Engineering and Neuromuscular and Sensory Research (LIRINS) National University of Entre Ríos Oro Verde Argentina
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI®, Faculty of Medicine Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
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16
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Nasrabadi R, Izanloo Z, Sharifnezad A, Hamedinia MR, Hedayatpour N. Muscle fiber conduction velocity of the vastus medilais and lateralis muscle after eccentric exercise induced-muscle damage. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2018; 43:118-126. [PMID: 30273919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Change in muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) has been reported after eccentric exercise induces muscle fiber damage, most likely due to a change in membrane permeability of the injured fiber. The extent of damage to the muscle fiber depends on the morphological and architectural characteristics of the muscle fibers. Morphological and architectural characteristics of the VMO muscle fibers are different from VL muscle. Thus, it is expected that eccentric exercise of quadriceps muscle results in a non-uniform fiber damage within the VMO and VL muscle and, as a consequence, non-uniform changes in membrane excitability and conduction velocity. The aim of the study was to investigate MFCV of the VMO and VL muscles before and 24 h after eccentric exercise. Multichannel surface EMG signals were concurrently recorded from the right VMO and VL muscles of 15 healthy men during sustained isometric contractions at 50% of the maximal force. Maximal voluntary force significantly reduced after eccentric exercise with respect to the pre-exercise condition (P < 0.0001). MFCV decreased over time during the sustained contractions at faster rates when assessed 24 h after exercise (VMO = -26.1; VL = -20.1) with respect to the pre-exercise condition (VMO = -9.1; VL = -13.7, P < 0.0001). Moreover, VMO showed a greater rate of reduction in MFCV over sustained contraction (26.1 ± 10.7%) in comparison with VL muscle (20.1 ± 8.5%, P < 0.025) 24 h after eccentric exercise. The result indicates that eccentric exercise contributes to a larger reduction in MFCV within the VMO muscle as compared to the VL muscle. This may abolish the ability of VMO to counteract the lateral pull of the VL muscle during knee extension, thereby leaving the knee complex more vulnerable to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Nasrabadi
- Department of Sports Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Bojnourd, Iran
| | - Zahra Izanloo
- Center for Biomechanics and Motor Control (BMC), Department of Sports Sciences, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
| | - Ali Sharifnezad
- Department of Sports Biomechanics, Sports Sciences Research Institute of Iran, Iran
| | | | - Nosratollah Hedayatpour
- Center for Biomechanics and Motor Control (BMC), Department of Sports Sciences, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran.
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Hedayatpour N, Izanloo Z, Falla D. The effect of eccentric exercise and delayed onset muscle soreness on the homologous muscle of the contralateral limb. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2018; 41:154-159. [PMID: 29902705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
High intensity eccentric exercise induces muscle fiber damage and associated delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) resulting in an impaired ability of the muscle to generate voluntary force. This study investigates the extent to which DOMS, induced by high intensity eccentric exercise, can affect the activation and performance of the non-exercised homologous muscle of the contralateral limb. Healthy volunteers performed maximal voluntary contractions of knee extension and sustained isometric knee extension at 50% of maximal force until task failure on both the ipsilateral exercised limb and the contralateral limb. Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded from the ipsilateral and contralateral knee extensor muscles (vastus medialis, rectus femoris, and vastus lateralis). Maximal isometric knee extension force (13.7% reduction) and time to task failure (38.1% reduction) of the contralateral non-exercised leg decreased immediately after eccentric exercise, and persisted 24 h and 48 h later (p < 0.05). Moreover, the amplitude of muscle activity recorded from the contralateral knee extensor muscles was significantly lower during the post exercise maximal and submaximal contractions following high intensity eccentric exercise of the opposite limb (p < 0.05). Unilateral high intensity eccentric exercise of the quadriceps can contribute to reduced neuromuscular activity and physical work capacity of the non-exercised homologous muscle in the contralateral limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosratollah Hedayatpour
- Center for Biomechanics and Motor Control (BMC), Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
| | - Zahra Izanloo
- Center for Biomechanics and Motor Control (BMC), Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom.
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18
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Madeleine P, Hansen EA, Andersen RE, Kumorek M, Mroczek D, Samani A, Kawczyński A. Eccentric exercise induces spatial changes in the mechanomyographic activity of the upper trapezius muscle. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:1661-1670. [PMID: 29394519 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we hypothesized that the recordings of multichannel mechanomyography (MMG) of the upper trapezius muscle would reveal spatially dependent manifestations in the presence of delayed onset muscle soreness occurring 24 hours after eccentric exercise (ECC). Sixteen participants performed high-intensity eccentric exercises (5 sets of 10 eccentric contractions at 100% of max elevation force) targeting the upper trapezius on their dominant side. Twelve accelerometers were attached to record MMG activity during submaximal exercise consisting of static and dynamic arm flexion and abduction. Measurements were taken before and 24 hours after ECC. Average rectified value (ARV), percentage of determinism (% DET), and recurrence (% REC) of the MMG signals were computed to estimate the level of muscular activity and the magnitude of regularity of the MMG. The ARV, % REC, and % DET maps revealed heterogeneous MMG activity of the upper trapezius 24 hours after ECC when compared with before. Increased ARV, % REC, and % DET were found 24 hours after ECC when compared with before. The study provides new key information on how a single muscle responds to ECC. Our findings suggest that multichannel MMG and nonlinear analyses may detect muscular and musculo-tendinous alterations due to ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Madeleine
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Sport Sciences, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - E A Hansen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Sport Sciences, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - R E Andersen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Sport Sciences, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - M Kumorek
- Department of Paralympics Sports, University School of Physical Education, Wrocław, Poland
| | - D Mroczek
- Department of Athletes Motor Skills, University School of Physical Education, Wrocław, Poland
| | - A Samani
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Sport Sciences, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - A Kawczyński
- Department of Paralympics Sports, University School of Physical Education, Wrocław, Poland
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Romero-Moraleda B, La Touche R, Lerma-Lara S, Ferrer-Peña R, Paredes V, Peinado AB, Muñoz-García D. Neurodynamic mobilization and foam rolling improved delayed-onset muscle soreness in a healthy adult population: a randomized controlled clinical trial. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3908. [PMID: 29043110 PMCID: PMC5642244 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Compare the immediate effects of a Neurodynamic Mobilization (NM) treatment or foam roller (FR) treatment after DOMS. Design Double blind randomised clinical trial. Setting The participants performed 100 drop jumps (5 sets of 20 repetitions, separated by 2 min rests) from a 0.5-m high box in a University biomechanics laboratory to induce muscle soreness. The participants were randomly assigned in a counter-balanced fashion to either a FR or NM treatment group. Participants Thirty-two healthy subjects (21 males and 11 females, mean age 22.6 ± 2.2 years) were randomly assigned into the NM group (n = 16) or the FR group (n = 16). Main Outcome Measures The numeric pain rating scale (NPRS; 0–10), isometric leg strength with dynamometry, surface electromyography at maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and muscle peak activation (MPA) upon landing after a test jump were measured at baseline, 48 h after baseline before treatment, and immediately after treatment. Results Both groups showed significant reduction in NPRS scores after treatment (NM: 59%, p < .01; FR: 45%, p < .01), but no difference was found between them (p > .05). The percentage change improvement in the MVIC for the rectus femoris was the only significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05) at post-treatment. After treatment, only the FR group had a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.01) in strength compared to pre-treatment. Conclusion Our results illustrate that both treatments are effective in reducing pain perception after DOMS whereas only FR application showed differences for the MVIC in the rectus femoris and strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Romero-Moraleda
- Healthy Sciences Faculty, Camilo José Cela University, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, School of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roy La Touche
- Departamento de Fisioterapia and Motion in Brains Research Group, Instituto de Neurociencias y Ciencias del Movimiento, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Lerma-Lara
- Departamento de Fisioterapia and Motion in Brains Research Group, Instituto de Neurociencias y Ciencias del Movimiento, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Ferrer-Peña
- Departamento de Fisioterapia and Motion in Brains Research Group, Instituto de Neurociencias y Ciencias del Movimiento, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Paredes
- Healthy Sciences Faculty, Camilo José Cela University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Peinado
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, School of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Muñoz-García
- Departamento de Fisioterapia and Motion in Brains Research Group, Instituto de Neurociencias y Ciencias del Movimiento, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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Hedayatpour N, Golestani A, Izanloo Z, Meghdadi M. Unilateral leg resistance training improves time to task failure of the contralateral untrained leg. ACTA GYMNICA 2017. [DOI: 10.5507/ag.2017.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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21
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Hedayatpour N, Golestani A, Izanloo Z, Sepehri A, Kamali M. Time to task failure of the contralateral untrained limb after high load-low repetition eccentric and low load-high repetition resistance training. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201700020003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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22
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Cochrane DJ. Effectiveness of using wearable vibration therapy to alleviate muscle soreness. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117:501-509. [PMID: 28168554 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the acute and short-term effect of a wearable vibration device following strenuous eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors. METHODS Physically active males (n = 13) performed vibration therapy (VT) and control following eccentric exercise. The arms were randomised and counterbalanced, separated by 14 days. 15 min of VT (120 Hz) was applied immediately and 24, 48, and 72 h after eccentric exercise while the contralateral arm performed no VT (control). Muscle (isometric and concentric) strength, range of motion, electromyography (EMG), muscle soreness and creatine kinase were taken pre-exercise, immediately and 24, 48, and 72 h post-eccentric exercise. Additionally, the acute effect of VT of muscle strength, range of motion, EMG, muscle soreness was also investigated immediately after VT. RESULTS In the short-term VT was able to significantly reduce the level of biceps brachii pain at 24 h (p < 0.05) and 72 h (p < 0.01), enhance pain threshold at 48 h (p < 0.01) and 72 h (p < 0.01), improve range of motion at 24 h (p < 0.05), 48 h (p < 0.01) and 72 h (p < 0.01) and significantly (p < 0.05) reduced creatine kinase at 72 h compared to control. Acutely, following VT treatment muscle pain and range of motion significantly improved (p < 0.05) at 24 h post, 48 h post, and 72 h post but no significant changes in muscle strength and EMG were reported acutely or short-term. CONCLUSIONS Acute and short-term VT attenuated muscle soreness, creatine kinase and improved range of motion; however, there was no improvement of muscle strength recovery compared to control following eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl J Cochrane
- School of Sport and Exercise, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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23
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Lovell R, Siegler JC, Knox M, Brennan S, Marshall PWM. Acute neuromuscular and performance responses to Nordic hamstring exercises completed before or after football training. J Sports Sci 2016; 34:2286-2294. [PMID: 27267402 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1191661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The optimal scheduling of Nordic Hamstring exercises (NHEs) relative to football training sessions is unknown. We examined the acute neuromuscular and performance responses to NHE undertaken either before (BT) or after (AT) simulated football training. Twelve amateur players performed six sets of five repetitions of the NHE either before or after 60 min of standardised football-specific exercise (SAFT60). Surface electromyography signals (EMG) of the hamstring muscles were recorded during both the NHE, and maximum eccentric actions of the knee flexors (0.52 rad · s-1) performed before and after the NHE programme, and at 15 min intervals during SAFT60. Ten-metre sprint times were recorded on three occasions during each 15 min SAFT60 segment. Greater eccentric hamstring fatigue following the NHE programme was observed in BT versus AT (19.8 %; very likely small effect), which was particularly apparent in the latter range of knee flexion (0-15°; 39.6%; likely moderate effect), and synonymous with hamstring EMG declines (likely small-likely moderate effects). Performing NHE BT attenuated sprint performance declines (2.0-3.2%; likely small effects), but decreased eccentric hamstring peak torque (-14.1 to -18.9%; likely small effects) during football-specific exercise. Performing NHE prior to football training reduces eccentric hamstring strength and may exacerbate hamstring injury risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ric Lovell
- a School of Science and Health , Western Sydney University , Penrith , Australia
| | - Jason C Siegler
- a School of Science and Health , Western Sydney University , Penrith , Australia
| | - Michael Knox
- a School of Science and Health , Western Sydney University , Penrith , Australia
| | - Scott Brennan
- a School of Science and Health , Western Sydney University , Penrith , Australia
| | - Paul W M Marshall
- a School of Science and Health , Western Sydney University , Penrith , Australia
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Lau WY, Blazevich AJ, Newton MJ, Wu SSX, Nosaka K. Assessment of Muscle Pain Induced by Elbow-Flexor Eccentric Exercise. J Athl Train 2015; 50:1140-8. [PMID: 26523661 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-50.11.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a common muscle pain that many people experience and is often used as a model of acute muscle pain. Researchers have reported the effects of various interventions on DOMS, but different DOMS assessment protocols used in these studies make it difficult to compare the effects. OBJECTIVE To investigate DOMS characteristics after elbow-flexor eccentric exercise to establish a standardized DOMS assessment protocol. DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. SETTING Research laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Ten healthy, untrained men (21-39 years). INTERVENTION(S) Participants performed 10 sets of 6 maximal isokinetic eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Indirect muscle-damage markers were maximal voluntary isometric contraction torque, range of motion, and serum creatine kinase activity. Muscle pain was assessed before exercise, immediately postexercise, and 1 to 5 days postexercise using (1) a visual analog scale (VAS), (2) a category ratio-10 scale (CR-10) when applying static pressure and palpation at different sites (3, 9, and 15 cm above the elbow crease), and (3) pressure-pain thresholds (PPTs) at 50 sites (pain mapping). RESULTS Maximal voluntary isometric contraction and range of motion decreased and creatine kinase activity increased postexercise, indicating muscle damage. Palpation induced greater pain than static pressure, and longitudinal and transverse palpations induced greater pain than circular palpation (P < .05). The PPT was lower in the medial region before exercise, but the pain-sensitive regions shifted to the central and distal regions of the biceps brachii at 1 to 3 days postexercise (P < .05). The VAS was correlated with the CR-10 scale (r = 0.91, P < .05) but not with the PPT (r = -0.28, P = .45). CONCLUSIONS The way in which muscles are assessed affects the pain level score. This finding suggests that pain level and pain threshold cannot be used interchangeably and that the central and distal regions of the biceps brachii should be included in DOMS assessment using the VAS, CR-10 scale, and PPT after elbow-flexor eccentric exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Yin Lau
- School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia
| | - Anthony J Blazevich
- School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia
| | - Michael J Newton
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Western Australia
| | - Sam Shi Xuan Wu
- School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia
| | - Kazunori Nosaka
- School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia
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Physiological and Neural Adaptations to Eccentric Exercise: Mechanisms and Considerations for Training. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:193741. [PMID: 26543850 PMCID: PMC4620252 DOI: 10.1155/2015/193741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Eccentric exercise is characterized by initial unfavorable effects such as subcellular muscle damage, pain, reduced fiber excitability, and initial muscle weakness. However, stretch combined with overload, as in eccentric contractions, is an effective stimulus for inducing physiological and neural adaptations to training. Eccentric exercise-induced adaptations include muscle hypertrophy, increased cortical activity, and changes in motor unit behavior, all of which contribute to improved muscle function. In this brief review, neuromuscular adaptations to different forms of exercise are reviewed, the positive training effects of eccentric exercise are presented, and the implications for training are considered.
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26
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Gallina A, Vieira T. Territory and fiber orientation of vastus medialis motor units: A Surface electromyography investigation. Muscle Nerve 2015; 52:1057-65. [PMID: 25808985 DOI: 10.1002/mus.24662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to determine whether muscle fibers innervated by single motor neurons are confined in small subvolumes of the vastus medialis (VM) and if motor unit fiber orientation depends on their position within the muscle. METHODS Single motor units were identified from a grid of surface electrodes. The size of their surface representation and fiber orientation were extracted using an algorithm validated on simulated signals. RESULTS The action potentials of 77 motor units were represented locally on the skin (10th-90th percentiles: 14-25 mm). According to simulations, this indicates territories smaller than 11.8-64.8 mm. Motor units in distal regions of VM had fibers at a greater angle than those in proximal regions (R = -0.54, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Motor units with small territories and varying fiber orientations may be an anatomical predisposition to regulate how regions within VM apply forces to the patella. This could help to redistribute loads within the joint in painful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Gallina
- Laboratorio per l'Ingegneria del Sistema Nuromuscolare, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica, Politecnico di Torino, Via Cavalli 22/h, 10138, Torino, Italy.,Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver (BC), Canada
| | - Taian Vieira
- Laboratorio per l'Ingegneria del Sistema Nuromuscolare, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica, Politecnico di Torino, Via Cavalli 22/h, 10138, Torino, Italy.,Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Arte Corporal, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio di Janeiro, Brazil
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27
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Madeleine P, Hansen EA, Samani A. Linear and nonlinear analyses of multi-channel mechanomyographic recordings reveal heterogeneous activation of wrist extensors in presence of delayed onset muscle soreness. Med Eng Phys 2014; 36:1656-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Semmler JG. Motor unit activity after eccentric exercise and muscle damage in humans. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2014; 210:754-67. [PMID: 24761463 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that unaccustomed eccentric exercise leads to muscle damage and soreness, which can produce long-lasting effects on muscle function. How this muscle damage influences muscle activation is poorly understood. The purpose of this brief review is to highlight the effect of eccentric exercise on the activation of muscle by the nervous system, by examining the change in motor unit activity obtained from surface electromyography (EMG) and intramuscular recordings. Previous research shows that eccentric exercise produces unusual changes in the EMG–force relation that influences motor performance during isometric, shortening and lengthening muscle contractions and during fatiguing tasks. When examining the effect of eccentric exercise at the single motor unit level, there are substantial changes in recruitment thresholds, discharge rates, motor unit conduction velocities and synchronization, which can last for up to 1 week after eccentric exercise. Examining the time course of these changes suggests that the increased submaximal EMG after eccentric exercise most likely occurs through a decrease in motor unit conduction velocity and an increase in motor unit activity related to antagonist muscle coactivation and low-frequency fatigue. Furthermore, there is a commonly held view that eccentric exercise produces preferential damage to high-threshold motor units, but the evidence for this in humans is limited. Further research is needed to establish whether there is preferential damage to high-threshold motor units after eccentric exercise in humans, preferably by linking changes in motor unit activity with estimates of motor unit size using selective intramuscular recording techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. G. Semmler
- Discipline of Physiology; School of Medical Sciences; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
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29
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Gallina A, Merletti R, Gazzoni M. Innervation zone of the vastus medialis muscle: position and effect on surface EMG variables. Physiol Meas 2013; 34:1411-22. [PMID: 24081116 DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/34/11/1411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the position of the innervation zone (IZ) of the vastus medialis (VM) and its effect on the electromyographic (EMG) amplitude and mean frequency estimates. Eighteen healthy subjects performed maximal isometric knee extensions at three knee angles. Surface EMG signals were collected by using a 16 × 8 electrode grid placed on the VM muscle. The position of the IZ was estimated through visual analysis, and traditional bipolar signals were obtained from channels over and away from it; amplitude and mean frequency values were extracted and compared using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures. The IZ is shaped as a line running from the proximal-lateral to the distal-medial aspect of the VM muscle. The presence of an IZ under the electrodes lowered the EMG amplitude (P < 0.001, F = 58.11) and increased the EMG mean frequency (P < 0.001, F = 26.47); variations of these parameters due to the knee flexion angle were less frequently observed in EMG signals collected over than away from the IZ. Electrodes placed 'over the belly of the VM muscle' are likely to collect EMG signals influenced by the presence of the IZ, thus hindering the detection of changes in muscle activity.
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Hedayatpour N, Falla D. Delayed onset of vastii muscle activity in response to rapid postural perturbations following eccentric exercise: a mechanism that underpins knee pain after eccentric exercise? Br J Sports Med 2013; 48:429-34. [PMID: 23958827 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-092015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appropriate timing of activity of the vastus medialis obliqus (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles is a key factor for proper tracking of the patella in the trochlear groove during knee extension. This study investigates the relative timing of activation of the VMO and VL muscles during unexpected perturbations performed before and after eccentric exercise. METHODS Surface electromyography signals were recorded from the VMO and VL muscles of the right leg in 11 healthy men during rapid postural perturbations performed at baseline, immediately after eccentric exercise of the quadriceps, and at 24 and 48 h after exercise. Participants stood on a moveable platform during which eight randomised postural perturbations were performed (4 repetitions of 2 perturbation types: 8 cm forward slides, 8 cm backward slides). RESULTS Before the eccentric exercise, the onset of VMO activity was significantly earlier than the VL muscle (average for both forward and backward perturbations: VMO 39.0±7.1 ms; VL 43.7±7.9 ms). However, the onset of VMO activity was significantly later compared with VL muscle immediately after eccentric exercise and this remained 24 and 48 h after eccentric exercise (average across all postexercise sessions and perturbation directions: VMO 72.3±11.1 ms; VL 56.0±8.2 ms; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The onset of VMO-VL activity in response to rapid destabilising perturbations is altered immediately after eccentric exercise and during eccentric exercise-induced muscle soreness up to 48 h later. These observations may help explain the high prevalence of knee disorders after high intensity eccentric exercise.
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Pain sensitivity is normalized after a repeated bout of eccentric exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2013; 113:2595-602. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-013-2701-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Semmler JG, Ebert SA, Amarasena J. Eccentric muscle damage increases intermuscular coherence during a fatiguing isometric contraction. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2013; 208:362-75. [PMID: 23621345 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of eccentric muscle damage on muscle activation patterns and intermuscular coherence during a fatiguing isometric contraction involving the elbow flexor muscles. METHODS Ten young subjects participated in three experimental sessions that involved the performance of maximum voluntary contractions (MVCs), a constant-force task at 30% MVC, and a fatiguing isometric contraction at 30% MVC. The three sessions were performed before, 2 h after and 2 days after eccentric exercise to induce muscle damage in elbow flexor muscles. Task performance was quantified with electromyography (EMG) from the elbow flexor (biceps brachii, brachialis and brachioradialis) and extensor (triceps brachii) muscles, M-wave amplitude of biceps brachii, elbow flexor force fluctuations and endurance time of a fatiguing contraction. Intermuscular coherence during the fatiguing contraction was quantified from the rectified surface EMGs between muscle pairs. RESULTS Eccentric exercise resulted in several indicators of muscle damage, such as a prolonged decline in muscle strength and an increase in muscle soreness 2 days after exercise. A 29% reduction in endurance time was observed 2 h after eccentric muscle damage, which returned to baseline 2 days later. The reduced endurance time 2 h after muscle damage was accompanied by an increase in EMG-EMG coherence between biceps brachii and brachialis muscles, which was observed at the end of the fatiguing contraction. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that eccentric muscle damage produces a decrease in endurance time that is accompanied by an increase in intermuscular coherence in the presence of fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. G. Semmler
- Discipline of Physiology; School of Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide; Adelaide; SA; Australia
| | - S. A. Ebert
- Discipline of Physiology; School of Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide; Adelaide; SA; Australia
| | - J. Amarasena
- Discipline of Physiology; School of Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide; Adelaide; SA; Australia
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The effect of warm-up and cool-down exercise on delayed onset muscle soreness in the quadriceps muscle: a randomized controlled trial. J Hum Kinet 2012; 35:59-68. [PMID: 23486850 PMCID: PMC3588693 DOI: 10.2478/v10078-012-0079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of warm-up and cool-down exercise on delayed onset of muscle soreness at the distal and central parts of rectus femoris following leg resistance exercise. Thirty-six volunteers (21 women, 15 men) were randomly assigned to the warm-up (20 min ergometer cycling prior to the resistance exercise), cool-down (20 min cycling after the resistance exercise), or control group performing resistance exercise only. The resistance exercise consisted of front lunges (10×5 repetitions/sets) with external loading of 40% (women) and 50% (men) of body mass. Primary outcomes were pressure pain threshold along rectus femoris and maximal isometric knee extension force. Data were recorded before the resistance exercise and on the two consecutive days. Pressure pain threshold at the central muscle belly was significantly reduced for the control group on both day 2 and 3 (p≤0.003) but not for the warm-up group (p≥0.21). For the cool-down group, pressure pain threshold at the central muscle belly was significantly reduced on day 2 (p≤0.005) and was also lower compared to the warm-up group (p=0.025). Force was significantly reduced on day 2 and 3 for all groups (p<0.001). This study indicates that aerobic warm-up exercise performed prior to resistance exercise may prevent muscle soreness at the central but not distal muscle regions, but it does not prevent loss of muscle force.
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Kawczyński A, Samani A, Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Chmura J, Madeleine P. Sensory Mapping of the Upper Trapezius Muscle in Relation to Consecutive Sessions of Eccentric Exercise. J Strength Cond Res 2012; 26:1577-83. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e318234e589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Dover GC, Legge L, St-Onge N. Unilateral eccentric exercise of the knee flexors affects muscle activation during gait. Gait Posture 2012; 36:73-7. [PMID: 22390961 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 01/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Uni-lateral muscle soreness is common yet the effects on gait or electromyographic (EMG) activity are unknown. The purpose of our study was to induce delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in the knee flexor group and measure the resultant change in EMG activity and knee motion during gait. Nine healthy subjects participated in the study. Measures of function, evoked tenderness of the biceps femoris, as well as knee angle, and EMG activity during gait were assessed prior and 48 h after an eccentric exercise protocol. DOMS was induced unilaterally in the knee flexors using an isokinetic dynamometer and subjects exercised until they could not generate 50% of their maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). There was a significant decrease in biceps femoris activity after DOMS during the last phase of gait. Moreover, there was a day × phase interaction for gastrocnemius activity with the last two phases displaying an increase in activity. There was no significant change in knee angle during gait. The decrease in biceps femoris activity as well as the increase in gastrocnemius activity could be evidence of a protective mechanism designed to decrease activity of the sore muscle while increasing the activity of a synergistic muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey C Dover
- Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke West, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Hedayatpour N, Falla D. Non-uniform muscle adaptations to eccentric exercise and the implications for training and sport. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2011; 22:329-33. [PMID: 22192598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the variations in morphological and architectural characteristics of fibers within a skeletal muscle, regions of a muscle may be differently affected by eccentric exercise. Although eccentric exercise may be beneficial for increasing muscle mass and can be beneficial for the treatment of tendinopathies, the non-uniform effect of eccentric exercise results in regional muscle damage and as a consequence, non-uniform changes in muscle activation. This regional muscle weakness can contribute to muscle strength imbalances and may potentially alter the load distribution on joint structures, increasing the risk of injury. In this brief review, the non-uniform effects of eccentric exercise are reviewed and their implications for training and sport are considered.
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Hedayatpour N, Hassanlouei H, Arendt-Nielsen L, Kersting UG, Falla D. Delayed-onset muscle soreness alters the response to postural perturbations. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43:1010-6. [PMID: 21088627 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3182058628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Eccentric contractions induce muscle fiber damage that is associated with delayed-onset muscle soreness and an impaired ability of the muscle to generate voluntary force. Pain and pathophysiological changes within the damaged muscle can delay or inhibit neuromuscular responses at the injured site, which is expected to have an effect on reflex activity of the muscle. PURPOSE The aim of the study was to investigate the reflex activity of knee muscles to rapid destabilizing perturbations, before, immediately after, and 24 and 48 h after eccentric exercise. METHODS Bipolar surface EMG signals were recorded from 10 healthy men with seven pairs of electrodes located on the knee extensor muscles (vastus medialis, rectus femoris, and vastus lateralis) and knee flexor muscles (the medial and lateral heads of the hamstring and the medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius) of the right leg during rapid perturbations. RESULTS The maximal voluntary contraction force decreased by 24% ± 4.9% immediately after exercise and remained reduced by 21.4% ± 4.1% at 24 h and by 21.6% ± 9.9% at 48 h after exercise with respect to baseline. During the postexercise postural perturbations, the EMG average rectified value of the knee extensor muscles was significantly lower than baseline (P < 0.001). Moreover, the decrease in average rectified value over time during postexercise sustained contractions was greatest compared with the session before exercise (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Reflex activity in leg muscles elicited by rapid destabilizing perturbations is reduced after exercise-induced muscle soreness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosratollah Hedayatpour
- Centre for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Madeleine P, Samani A, Binderup AT, Stensdotter AK. Changes in the spatio-temporal organization of the trapezius muscle activity in response to eccentric contractions. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2011; 21:277-86. [PMID: 19903315 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01037.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized changes in the spatial organization of the trapezius muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity after a shoulder eccentric exercise. The rate of perceived exertion (RPE), the size of the soreness area, maximum force and, EMG from the upper, middle and lower trapezius were recorded. Root mean square (RMS), mean frequency (MNF) and normalized mutual information (a measure of functional connectivity between muscle sub-divisions) were computed during submaximal dynamic and static contractions performed before, immediately after and 24 h after exercise. Immediately after exercise, RPE, soreness area, RMS from the upper and middle trapezius and normalized mutual information among upper-middle sub-divisions increased while MNF decreased for the middle trapezius (P<0.05). After 24 h, the maximum force decreased. RMS from the upper trapezius and normalized mutual information among upper-middle trapezius sub-divisions were higher than before exercise. MNF values increased from immediately after to 24 h after for the upper and lower trapezius (P<0.05). The current results underlined changes in the spatio-temporal organization of the trapezius in response to shoulder eccentric exercise. The observed changes in EMG temporal and spectral contents and the enhanced sub-division coupling underlined the functional role of spatial variations of the EMG activity during muscle fatigue and in the presence of delayed-onset muscle soreness.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Madeleine
- Laboratory for Ergonomics and Work-Related Disorders, Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Hedayatpour N, Falla D, Arendt-Nielsen L, Farina D. Effect of delayed-onset muscle soreness on muscle recovery after a fatiguing isometric contraction. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2010; 20:145-53. [PMID: 19000101 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00866.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An increase to above-baseline levels of electromyography (EMG) mean power spectral frequency (MPF) has been observed previously during muscle recovery following fatiguing contractions and has been explained by membrane hyperpolarization due to increased activation of the Na+-K+ pump. It is hypothesized that this membrane mechanism is impaired by muscle fiber damage following eccentric exercise. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate surface EMG signal characteristics during recovery from fatigue after eccentric exercise. Ten healthy subjects performed sustained isometric knee extensions at 40% of the maximal torque (MVC) until task failure before, immediately after and 24 and 48 h after eccentric exercise. Bipolar surface EMG signals were recorded from six locations over the quadriceps during the sustained isometric contraction and during 3-s long contractions at 40% MVC separated by 1-min intervals for 15 min (recovery). Before the eccentric exercise, MPF of EMG signals increased to values above baseline during recovery from the fatiguing isometric contraction (P<0.001), whereas immediately after and 24 and 48 h after the eccentric task, MPF was lower than baseline during the entire recovery period (P<0.01). In conclusion, delayed-onset muscle soreness abolished the supranormal increase in EMG MPF following recovery from fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hedayatpour
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Centre for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Fernández-Carnero J, Binderup AT, Ge HY, Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Arendt-Nielsen L, Madeleine P. Pressure pain sensitivity mapping in experimentally induced lateral epicondylalgia. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010; 42:922-7. [PMID: 19996999 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3181c29eab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to apply topographical techniques to investigate changes in pressure pain sensitivity after induction of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in the elbow region in healthy subjects. METHODS Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were assessed over 12 points forming a 3 x 4 matrix (4 points in the superior part, 4 points in the middle, and 4 points in the lower part around the lateral epicondyle) over the dominant elbow in 13 healthy men, and pressure sensitivity maps were calculated. DOMS, as a model for lateral epicondylalgia (LE), was induced by repetitive high-level eccentric contractions of the wrist extensor muscles. PPT maps were assessed before, immediately after, and 24 h after eccentric exercise (DOMS). RESULTS The two-way repeated-measure ANOVA detected significant differences in mean PPT for the measurement points (F = 5.96, P < 0.001), with lower PPT over the points located over the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. There was also a significant effect of time (F = 121.3, P < 0.001) but no time x point location interaction (F = 0.7, P = 0.8). PPT were lower 24 h after (P < 0.001) but not immediately after (P > 0.05) eccentric exercise. CONCLUSIONS The study provides new key information regarding mechanical pain hyperalgesia in experimentally induced LE. Topographical pressure pain sensitivity maps from the elbow region revealed heterogeneously distributed mechanical sensitivity before and during DOMS. The most sensitive localizations for PPT assessment correspond to the muscle belly of the extensor carpi radialis brevis. Our results support the implication of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle in LE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué Fernández-Carnero
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Predicting force loss during dynamic fatiguing exercises from non-linear mapping of features of the surface electromyogram. J Neurosci Methods 2010; 190:271-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 05/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Effects of Ice Massage on Pressure Pain Thresholds and Electromyography Activity Postexercise: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2010; 33:212-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2010.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2009] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 12/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Binderup AT, Arendt-Nielsen L, Madeleine P. Pressure pain threshold mapping of the trapezius muscle reveals heterogeneity in the distribution of muscular hyperalgesia after eccentric exercise. Eur J Pain 2009; 14:705-12. [PMID: 19945892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Revised: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating in details the spatial characteristics of muscular hyperalgesia after development of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in the trapezius muscle. High density pressure pain mapping consisting of 36 pain pressure threshold (PPT) recording points were assessed over the trapezius muscle from 20 subjects. PPT were recorded before, immediately after and 24h after eccentric exercise/rest for the exercise group (N=10) and the control group (N=10). A 36 points geometric grid was used on both the exercise and control groups. The eccentric exercise used to elicit DOMS consisted of 50 contractions against a downward pressing force at 100% maximum voluntary contraction in bouts of 10 contractions followed by 2 min break. For the exercise group, PPT values decreased significantly over time for all points (P<0.001) but not for the control group. At baseline, both muscle belly sites and upper part of the trapezius were more sensitive than muscle belly sites and middle and lower parts (P<0.001 for both). The hyperalgesia was also mostly developed in the muscle belly sites (P<0.001), further enhancing its position as the most sensitive part of the muscle. The present results showed the topographical distribution of pressure pain sensitivity over the trapezius muscle and also that hyperalgesia developed in a heterogeneous manner over the trapezius muscle in response to eccentric exercise underlining sensory partitioning of the muscle. The technique of high density pressure pain topographical mappings can be helpful in characterizing muscle hyperalgesia and its heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asbjørn T Binderup
- Laboratory for Ergonomics and Work-related Disorders, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7D-3, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark
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Piitulainen H, Bottas R, Linnamo V, Komi P, Avela J. Effect of electrode location on surface electromyography changes due to eccentric elbow flexor exercise. Muscle Nerve 2009; 40:617-25. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.21249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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HEDAYATPOUR NOSRATOLLAH, FALLA DEBORAH, ARENDT-NIELSEN LARS, VILA-CHÃ CAROLINA, FARINA DARIO. Motor Unit Conduction Velocity during Sustained Contraction after Eccentric Exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009; 41:1927-33. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3181a3a505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Effects of eccentric exercise on trapezius electromyography during computer work with active and passive pauses. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2009; 24:619-25. [PMID: 19535184 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2009] [Revised: 05/13/2009] [Accepted: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this laboratory study was to investigate the effects of eccentric exercises on the trapezius muscle spatial electromyographic (EMG) activity during computer work with active and passive pauses. METHODS Twelve healthy male subjects performed computer work with passive (relax) and active (30% maximum voluntary contraction of shoulder elevation) pauses given every 40s over 2 days, before, immediately and 24h after eccentric exercise. Surface EMG signals were recorded from four parts of the trapezius during computer work. FINDINGS EMG amplitude during computer work decreased immediately after exercise (P<0.05). In the clavicular and descending parts of the trapezius, the centroid of exposure variation analysis along the time axis was lower during computer work with active pauses compared with passive ones (P<0.05). Further, lower values of relative rest time was observed during active pause (P<0.05). INTERPRETATION Eccentric exercises had a short term effect on muscle activation pattern during computer work, and decreased the muscle activity immediately after the exercises. The results of this study showed a more variable trapezius activity pattern and a lower trapezius rest with active pauses compared with passive pauses. Moreover, eccentric exercises resulted in a less variable activation pattern, decreasing the effect of active pauses.
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Effects of Manual Massage on Muscle-Specific Soreness and Single Leg Jump Performance After Downhill Treadmill Walking. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.2478/v10036-009-0011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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