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White EE, Rhodes SD. The NF1+/- Immune Microenvironment: Dueling Roles in Neurofibroma Development and Malignant Transformation. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:994. [PMID: 38473354 PMCID: PMC10930863 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common genetic disorder resulting in the development of both benign and malignant tumors of the peripheral nervous system. NF1 is caused by germline pathogenic variants or deletions of the NF1 tumor suppressor gene, which encodes the protein neurofibromin that functions as negative regulator of p21 RAS. Loss of NF1 heterozygosity in Schwann cells (SCs), the cells of origin for these nerve sheath-derived tumors, leads to the formation of plexiform neurofibromas (PNF)-benign yet complex neoplasms involving multiple nerve fascicles and comprised of a myriad of infiltrating stromal and immune cells. PNF development and progression are shaped by dynamic interactions between SCs and immune cells, including mast cells, macrophages, and T cells. In this review, we explore the current state of the field and critical knowledge gaps regarding the role of NF1(Nf1) haploinsufficiency on immune cell function, as well as the putative impact of Schwann cell lineage states on immune cell recruitment and function within the tumor field. Furthermore, we review emerging evidence suggesting a dueling role of Nf1+/- immune cells along the neurofibroma to MPNST continuum, on one hand propitiating PNF initiation, while on the other, potentially impeding the malignant transformation of plexiform and atypical neurofibroma precursor lesions. Finally, we underscore the potential implications of these discoveries and advocate for further research directed at illuminating the contributions of various immune cells subsets in discrete stages of tumor initiation, progression, and malignant transformation to facilitate the discovery and translation of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to transform risk-adapted care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. White
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Steven D. Rhodes
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplant, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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2
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Deng Z, Li L. Effect of miR-663 on atherosclerosis by regulating the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in lipid plaques. Vascular 2023; 31:1240-1252. [PMID: 35599617 DOI: 10.1177/17085381221098826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main cause of coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, and peripheral vascular disease. microRNAs (miRNAs) are widely distributed in the human body and closely related to the pathological progress of AS. This study probed into the function of miR-663 in AS. METHODS The atherosclerotic plaques, cholesterol (CHOL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), inflammatory factors, and miR-663 expression in ApoE-/- mice on high-fat diet were evaluated. The overexpressing miR-663 adenovirus was injected into ApoE-/- mice, followed by measurement of type III collagen (Col III), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, α-SMA, osteopontin, and CD31. miR-663 mimic or inhibitor was introduced into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL), and cell proliferation and IL-6 and IL-18 secretion were evaluated. The binding relationship between miR-663 and HMGA2 was verified, followed by the determination of HMGA2 role in VSMC proliferation. RESULTS Atherosclerotic plaques appeared in ApoE-/- mice on high-fat diet, with increased CHOL, LDL, osteopontin, MMP-2 and Col III and decreased miR-663, α-SMA and CD31. miR-663 overexpression downregulated osteopontin, MMP-2 and Col III and upregulated α-SMA and CD31 in ApoE-/- mice on high-fat diet. With Ox-LDL concentration increase, VSMC proliferation was promoted and miR-663 was downregulated. miR-663 overexpression inhibited proliferation of Ox-LDL-stimulated VSMCs and reduced levels of inflammatory factor levels, whereas silencing miR-663 did the opposite. miR-663 targeted HMGA2. HMGA2 overexpression partially reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-663 overexpression on VSMC proliferation. CONCLUSION miR-663 targeted HMGA2 to inhibit VSMC proliferation and AS development, which may offer insights into AS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisheng Deng
- Department of Geriatrics, Nanchang Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University (The First Hospital of Nanchang), Nanchang, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Nanchang Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University (The First Hospital of Nanchang), Nanchang, China
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3
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Jigoranu RA, Roca M, Costache AD, Mitu O, Oancea AF, Miftode RS, Haba MȘC, Botnariu EG, Maștaleru A, Gavril RS, Trandabat BA, Chirica SI, Haba RM, Leon MM, Costache II, Mitu F. Novel Biomarkers for Atherosclerotic Disease: Advances in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1639. [PMID: 37629496 PMCID: PMC10455542 DOI: 10.3390/life13081639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a significant health concern with a growing incidence worldwide. It is directly linked to an increased cardiovascular risk and to major adverse cardiovascular events, such as acute coronary syndromes. In this review, we try to assess the potential diagnostic role of biomarkers in the early identification of patients susceptible to the development of atherosclerosis and other adverse cardiovascular events. We have collected publications concerning already established parameters, such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as newer markers, e.g., apolipoprotein B (apoB) and the ratio between apoB and apoA. Additionally, given the inflammatory nature of the development of atherosclerosis, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) or interleukin-6 (IL-6) are also discussed. Additionally, newer publications on other emerging components linked to atherosclerosis were considered in the context of patient evaluation. Apart from the already in-use markers (e.g., LDL-C), emerging research highlights the potential of newer molecules in optimizing the diagnosis of atherosclerotic disease in earlier stages. After further studies, they might be fully implemented in the screening protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul-Alexandru Jigoranu
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Roca
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru-Dan Costache
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Mitu
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru-Florinel Oancea
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu-Stefan Miftode
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Ștefan Cristian Haba
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Eosefina Gina Botnariu
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Maștaleru
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu-Sebastian Gavril
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Andrei Trandabat
- Department of Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sabina Ioana Chirica
- Faculty of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.I.C.); (R.M.H.)
| | - Raluca Maria Haba
- Faculty of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (S.I.C.); (R.M.H.)
| | - Maria Magdalena Leon
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina-Iuliana Costache
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Department of Cardiology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Florin Mitu
- Department of Medical Specialties I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (R.-A.J.); (O.M.); (A.-F.O.); (R.-S.M.); (M.Ș.C.H.); (A.M.); (R.-S.G.); (M.M.L.); (I.-I.C.); (F.M.)
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
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Li Y, Shi G, Liang W, Shang H, Li H, Han Y, Zhao W, Bai L, Qin C. Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Alleviates Atherosclerotic Plaque by Inhibiting Ox-LDL Uptake, Inflammatory Reaction and Endothelial Damage in Rabbits. Cells 2023; 12:1936. [PMID: 37566014 PMCID: PMC10417209 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of arteries fueled by lipids. It is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Mesenchymal stem cells have been used for the treatment of atherosclerotic lesions. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been shown to regulate the activation state of macrophages and exhibit anti-inflammatory capabilities. However, the effect of allogeneic ADSCs in the treatment of AS have not been investigated. In this study, the early treatment effect and preliminary mechanism analysis of allogeneic rabbit ADSCs intravenous transplantation were investigated in a high-fat diet rabbit model. The polarization mechanism of rabbit ADSCs on the macrophage was further analyzed in vitro. Compared with the model group, blood lipid levels declined, the plaque area, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) uptake, scavenger receptor A1 and cluster of differentiation (CD) 36 levels were all significantly reduced, and the accumulation of inflammatory M1 macrophages, apoptosis, interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression were decreased. The endothelial cells (CD31), M2 macrophages, IL-10 and the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β levels increased. In vitro, ADSCs can promote the M1 macrophage phenotypic switch toward the M2 macrophage through their secreted exosomes, and the main mechanism includes increasing arginase 1 expression and IL-10 secretion, declining inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and TNF-α secretion, and activating the STAT6 pathway. Therefore, allogeneic rabbit ADSC transplantation can transmigrate to the aortic atherosclerotic plaques and show a good effect in lowering blood lipids and alleviating atherosclerotic plaque in the early stage of AS by inhibiting ox-LDL uptake, inflammatory response, and endothelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chuan Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) & Comparative Medicine Centre, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100021, China
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5
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Midkine inhibition enhances anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in sorafenib-treated hepatocellular carcinoma via preventing immunosuppressive MDSCs infiltration. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:92. [PMID: 36906597 PMCID: PMC10008628 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01392-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib, a multiple-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is the standard of care for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but provides limited benefits. Emerging evidences suggest that prolonged sorafenib treatment induces an immunosuppressive HCC microenvironment, but the underling mechanism is undetermined. In the present study, the potential function of midkine, a heparin-binding growth factor/cytokine, was evaluated in sorafenib-treated HCC tumors. Infiltrating immune cells of orthotopic HCC tumors were measured by flow cytometry. Differentially expressed genes in sorafenib-treated HCC tumors were evaluated by transcriptome RNA sequencing. The potential function of midkine were evaluated by western blot, T cell suppression assay, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and tumor xenograft model. We found that sorafenib treatment increased intratumoral hypoxia and altered HCC microenvironment towards an immune-resistant state in orthotopic HCC tumors. Sorafenib treatment promoted midkine expression and secretion by HCC cells. Moreover, forced midkine expression stimulated immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) accumulation in HCC microenvironment, while knockdown of midkine exhibited opposite effects. Furthermore, midkine overexpression promoted CD11b+CD33+HLA-DR- MDSCs expansion from human PBMCs, while midkine depletion suppressed this effect. PD-1 blockade showed no obvious inhibition on tumor growth of sorafenib-treated HCC tumors, but the inhibitory effect was greatly enhanced by midkine knockdown. Besides, midkine overexpression promoted multiple pathways activation and IL-10 production by MDSCs. Our data elucidated a novel role of midkine in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of sorafenib-treated HCC tumors. Mikdine might be a potential target for the combination of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in HCC patients.
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Small Molecule BRD4 Inhibitors Apabetalone and JQ1 Rescues Endothelial Cells Dysfunction, Protects Monolayer Integrity and Reduces Midkine Expression. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217453. [PMID: 36364277 PMCID: PMC9692972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB signaling is a key regulator of inflammation and atherosclerosis. NF-κB cooperates with bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), a transcriptional and epigenetic regulator, in endothelial inflammation. This study aimed to investigate whether BRD4 inhibition would prevent the proinflammatory response towards TNF-α in endothelial cells. We used TNF-α treatment of human umbilical cord-derived vascular endothelial cells to create an in vitro inflammatory model system. Two small molecule inhibitors of BRD4—namely, RVX208 (Apabetalone), which is in clinical trials for the treatment of atherosclerosis, and JQ1—were used to analyze the effect of BRD4 inhibition on endothelial inflammation and barrier integrity. BRD4 inhibition reduced the expression of proinflammatory markers such as SELE, VCAM-I, and IL6 in endothelial cells and prevented TNF-α-induced endothelial tight junction hyperpermeability. Endothelial inflammation was associated with increased expression of the heparin-binding growth factor midkine. BRD4 inhibition reduced midkine expression and normalized endothelial permeability upon TNF-α treatment. In conclusion, we identified that TNF-α increased midkine expression and compromised tight junction integrity in endothelial cells, which was preventable by pharmacological BRD4 inhibition.
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7
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Majaj M, Weckbach LT. Midkine-A novel player in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1003104. [PMID: 36204583 PMCID: PMC9530663 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1003104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Midkine (MK) is a 13-kDa heparin-binding cytokine and growth factor with anti-apoptotic, pro-angiogenic, pro-inflammatory and anti-infective functions, that enable it to partake in a series of physiological and pathophysiological processes. In the past, research revolving around MK has concentrated on its roles in reproduction and development, tissue protection and repair as well as inflammatory and malignant processes. In the recent few years, MK's implication in a wide scope of cardiovascular diseases has been rigorously investigated. Nonetheless, there is still no broadly accepted consensus on whether MK exerts generally detrimental or favorable effects in cardiovascular diseases. The truth probably resides somewhere in-between and depends on the underlying physiological or pathophysiological condition. It is therefore crucial to thoroughly examine and appraise MK's participation in cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we introduce the MK gene and protein, its multiple receptors and signaling pathways along with its expression in the vascular system and its most substantial functions in cardiovascular biology. Further, we recapitulate the current evidence of MK's expression in cardiovascular diseases, addressing the various sources and modes of MK expression. Moreover, we summarize the most significant implications of MK in cardiovascular diseases with particular emphasis on MK's advantageous and injurious functions, highlighting its ample diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Also, we focus on conflicting roles of MK in a number of cardiovascular diseases and try to provide some clarity and guidance to MK's multifaceted roles. In summary, we aim to pave the way for MK-based diagnostics and therapies that could present promising tools in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Majaj
- Walter Brendel Centre for Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Centre, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology und Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ludwig T. Weckbach
- Walter Brendel Centre for Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Centre, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology und Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e. V, Berlin, Germany
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Adam CA, Șalaru DL, Prisacariu C, Marcu DTM, Sascău RA, Stătescu C. Novel Biomarkers of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease-Latest Insights in the Research Field. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094998. [PMID: 35563387 PMCID: PMC9103799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The atherosclerotic vascular disease is a cardiovascular continuum in which the main role is attributed to atherosclerosis, from its appearance to its associated complications. The increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, population ageing, and burden on both the economy and the healthcare system have led to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the field. The better understanding or discovery of new pathophysiological mechanisms and molecules modulating various signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis have led to the development of potential new biomarkers, with key role in early, subclinical diagnosis. The evolution of technological processes in medicine has shifted the attention of researchers from the profiling of classical risk factors to the identification of new biomarkers such as midregional pro-adrenomedullin, midkine, stromelysin-2, pentraxin 3, inflammasomes, or endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles. These molecules are seen as future therapeutic targets associated with decreased morbidity and mortality through early diagnosis of atherosclerotic lesions and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Andreea Adam
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Delia Lidia Șalaru
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina Prisacariu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Dragoș Traian Marius Marcu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Radu Andy Sascău
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Cristian Stătescu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases “Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu”, 700503 Iași, Romania; (C.A.A.); (C.P.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iași, Romania;
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9
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Zheng L, Li H, Huang J, Shin J, Luo S, Guo C, Zhao Y, Li F. Serum midkine levels for the diagnosis and assessment of response to interventional therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Interv Med 2021; 4:39-45. [PMID: 34805946 PMCID: PMC8562295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jimed.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the clinical significance of serum midkine (MDK) levels for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and evaluate the efficacy of interventional therapy. Methods Eighty-four patients with HCC were enrolled in this retrospective study. They received an interventional treatment. A follow-up was performed every 2 months, using magnetic resonance imaging, to determine whether the treatment should be continued. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and MDK levels were measured at the first diagnosis and during the follow-ups, and the HCC detection rates based on the cutoff values of these two measurements were compared. The relationships between AFP and MDK and the clinical tumor characteristics and changes in APK and MDK before and after treatment were also compared using a rank sum test and χ2 test, respectively. The prognostic significance of MDK for HCC was determined through regression analysis. A two-sided P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results MDK expression was detected in 95.24% of the cases. Subgroup analysis revealed MDK expression in 95.35%, 95.12%, 85.19%, 86.67%, and 83.33% of the AFP-positive, AFP-negative, stage A Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC-A), BCLC-A/AFP-positive, and BCLC-A/AFP-negative cases, respectively. MDK expression after the interventional treatment (66.7%) was significantly lower than that before the treatment (95.2%). The mean post-treatment MDK level was 0.67 ng/mL in patients with a positive response to therapy as compared with 3.66 ng/mL in those with no positive response. All patients were followed up for 18 months, and those positive for MDK expression before the intervention were more likely to relapse than patients without MDK expression. Subgroup analysis revealed the highest recurrence rate for patients who were positive for MDK expression before and after treatment. Conclusions Serum MDK may serve as a powerful complement to AFP in the diagnosis of HCC. MDK measurement may improve the detection rate of BCLC-A and AFP-negative HCC. Serum MDK may help to determine the vascular invasion and poor clinical staging of HCC tumors. Patients with MDK-positive HCC before treatment may be more prone to postoperative tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zheng
- Department of Minimally Invasive Intervention, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, 450008, China
| | - Hailiang Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive Intervention, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, 450008, China
| | - Jinhua Huang
- Division of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jihoon Shin
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 86, Asanbyeongwon-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, 450008, China
| | - Chenyang Guo
- Department of Minimally Invasive Intervention, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, 450008, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Minimally Invasive Intervention, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, 450008, China
| | - Fangkun Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive Intervention, Henan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, 450008, China
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10
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Campbell VK, Gately RP, Krishnasamy R, Burg D, Robertson GR, Gray NA. Midkine and chronic kidney disease-associated multisystem organ dysfunctions. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 36:1577-1584. [PMID: 32542315 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive multisystem condition with yet undefined mechanistic drivers and multiple implicated soluble factors. If identified, these factors could be targeted for therapeutic intervention for a disease that currently lacks specific treatment. There is increasing preclinical evidence that the heparin/endothelial glycocalyx-binding molecule midkine (MK) has a pathological role in multiple CKD-related, organ-specific disease processes, including CKD progression, hypertension, vascular and cardiac disease, bone disease and CKD-related cancers. Concurrent with this are studies documenting increases in circulating and urine MK proportional to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) loss in CKD patients and evidence that administering soluble MK reverses the protective effects of MK deficiency in experimental kidney disease. This review summarizes the growing body of evidence supporting MK's potential role in driving CKD-related multisystem disease, including MK's relationship with the endothelial glycocalyx, the deranged MK levels and glycocalyx profile in CKD patients and a proposed model of MK organ interplay in CKD disease processes and highlights the importance of ongoing research into MK's potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria K Campbell
- Renal Unit, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia.,University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,Intensive Care Unit, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ryan P Gately
- Renal Unit, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rathika Krishnasamy
- Renal Unit, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia.,University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Nicholas A Gray
- Renal Unit, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia.,Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia.,University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
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11
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Zhang ZZ, Wang G, Yin SH, Yu XH. Midkine: A multifaceted driver of atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 521:251-257. [PMID: 34331952 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis constitutes the pathological basis of life-threatening events, including heart attack and stroke. Midkine is a heparin-binding growth factor and forms a small protein family with pleiotrophin. Under inflammatory or hypoxic conditions, midkine expression is up-regulated. Upon binding to its receptors, midkine can activate multiple signal pathways to regulate cell survival and migration, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and oncogenesis. Circulating midkine levels are significantly increased in patients with essential hypertension, obesity or severe peripheral artery disease. Importantly, midkine exerts a proatherogenic effect by altering multiple pathophysiological processes involving atherogenesis, including macrophage lipid accumulation, vascular inflammation, neointima formation, insulin resistance and macrophage apoptosis. Midkine represents a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis-associated diseases. This review described the structure characteristics, expression patterns and signal transduction pathways of midkine with an emphasis on its role in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Zhen Zhang
- School of Medicine, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang 421005, Hunan, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Shan-Hui Yin
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan, China.
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12
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Li Y, Shi G, Han Y, Shang H, Li H, Liang W, Zhao W, Bai L, Qin C. Therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on aortic atherosclerotic plaque in a high-fat diet rabbit model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:407. [PMID: 34266502 PMCID: PMC8281645 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02490-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is a complex disease caused in part by dyslipidemia and chronic inflammation. AS is associated with serious cardiovascular disease and remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have evolved as an attractive therapeutic agent in various diseases including AS. Human umbilical cord MSCs (UCSCs) have been used in cell therapy trials due to their ability to differentiate and proliferate. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of UCSCs treatment on atherosclerotic plaque formation and the progression of lesions in a high-fat diet rabbit model. METHODS Rabbits were fed a high-fat diet and then randomly divided into three groups: control, model, and treatment groups. Rabbits in the treatment group were injected with UCSCs (6 × 106 in 500 μL phosphate buffered saline) after 1 month of high-fat diet, once every 2 weeks, for 3 months. The model group was given PBS only. We analyzed serum biomarkers, used ultrasound and histopathology to detect arterial plaques and laser Doppler imaging to measure peripheral blood vessel blood filling, and analyzed the intestinal flora and metabolism. RESULTS Histological analysis showed that the aortic plaque area was significantly reduced in the treatment group. We also found a significant decrease in macrophage accumulation and apoptosis, an increase in expression of scavenger receptors CD36 and SRA1, a decrease in uptake of modified low-density protein (ox-LDL), and a decrease in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α following UCSCs treatment. We also found that anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β expression increased in the aorta atherosclerotic plaque of the treatment group. UCSCs treatment improved the early peripheral blood filling, reduced the serum lipid level, and inhibited inflammation progression by regulating the intestinal flora dysbiosis caused by the high-fat diet. More specifically, levels of the microbiota-dependent metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) were down-regulated in the treatment group. CONCLUSIONS UCSCs treatment alleviated atherosclerotic plaque burden by reducing inflammation, regulating the intestinal flora and TMAO levels, and repairing the damaged endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS&PUMC; Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Guiying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS&PUMC; Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yunlin Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS&PUMC; Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Haiquan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS&PUMC; Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Huiwu Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS&PUMC; Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS&PUMC; Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS&PUMC; Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS&PUMC; Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health; Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, CAMS&PUMC; Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Models, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100021, China.
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13
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Cai YQ, Lv Y, Mo ZC, Lei J, Zhu JL, Zhong QQ. Multiple pathophysiological roles of midkine in human disease. Cytokine 2020; 135:155242. [PMID: 32799009 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Midkine (MK) is a low molecular-weight protein that was first identified as the product of a retinoic acid-responsive gene involved in embryonic development. Recent studies have indicated that MK levels are related to various diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), renal disease and autoimmune disease. MK is a growth factor involved in multiple pathophysiological processes, such as inflammation, the repair of damaged tissues and cancer. The pathophysiological roles of MK are diverse. MK enhances the recruitment and migration of inflammatory cells upon inflammation directly and also through induction of chemokines, and contributes to tissue damage. In lung endothelial cells, oxidative stress increased the expression of MK, which induced angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) expression and the consequent conversion from Ang I to Ang II, leading to further oxidative stress. MK inhibited cholesterol efflux from macrophages by reducing ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) expression, which is involved in lipid metabolism, suggesting that MK is an important positive factor involved in inflammation, oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, MK can regulate the expansion, differentiation and activation of T cells as well as B-cell survival; mediate angiogenic and antibacterial activity; and possess anti-apoptotic activity. In this paper, we summarize the pathophysiological roles of MK in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qin Cai
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuncheng Lv
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Mo
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiashun Lei
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Jing-Ling Zhu
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Qiao-Qing Zhong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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14
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Mao S, Liang Y, Chen P, Zhang Y, Yin X, Zhang M. In-depth proteomics approach reveals novel biomarkers of cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction: An exploratory analysis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10042-10051. [PMID: 32701210 PMCID: PMC7520298 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodelling following myocardial infarction (MI) is a maladaptive change associated with progressive heart failure and compromises long‐term clinical outcome. A substantial proportion of patients afflicted by MI still develop adverse outcomes associated with cardiac remodelling. Therefore, it is crucial to identify biomarkers for the early prediction of cardiac remodelling. An in‐depth proteomics approach, including both semi‐quantitative and quantitative antibody arrays, was used to identify circulating biomarkers that may be associated with detrimental cardiac remodelling. Furthermore, statistical correlation analysis was performed between the candidate biomarkers and clinical cardiac remodelling data to demonstrate their clinical utility. A systematic proteomics approach revealed that sclerostin (SOST), growth differentiation factor‐15 (GDF‐15), urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA), and midkine (MK) were increased, while monocyte chemotactic protein‐3 (MCP‐3) was uniquely decreased in MI patients who developed cardiac remodelling, compared to MI patients who did not develop cardiac remodelling and healthy humen. Moreover, correlation analyses between serum proteomes and cardiac remodelling echocardiographic parameters demonstrated a moderate positive association between left ventricular end‐diastolic volume index (LVEDVi) and the three serum proteins, uPA, MK and GDF‐15 (P < .05, respectively), and a moderate negative correlation between LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and these serum proteins (P < .05, respectively). Importantly, uPA and MK were firstly identified to be associated with the development of cardiac remodelling. The present study contributes to a better understanding of the various cytokines expressed during adverse cardiac remodelling. The identified biomarkers may facilitate early identification of patients at high risk of ischaemic heart failure pending further confirmation through larger clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Mao
- Key Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubin Liang
- Key Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Chen
- Key Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhuo Zhang
- Key Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Key Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minzhou Zhang
- Key Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Ou HX, Huang Q, Liu CH, Xiao J, Lv YC, Li X, Lei LP, Mo ZC. Midkine Inhibits Cholesterol Efflux by Decreasing ATP-Binding Membrane Cassette Transport Protein A1 via Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling in Macrophages. Circ J 2020; 84:217-225. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-19-0430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han-xiao Ou
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children’s Medical Center
- Center for Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University
| | - Qin Huang
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children’s Medical Center
| | - Chu-hao Liu
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China
| | - Ji Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China
| | - Yun-cheng Lv
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children’s Medical Center
- Center for Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China
| | - Xuan Li
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, University of South China and Yueyang Women & Children’s Medical Center
| | - Li-Ping Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China
| | - Zhong-cheng Mo
- Center for Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China
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16
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Chen W, Li X, Wang J, Song N, Zhu A, Jia L. miR-378a Modulates Macrophage Phagocytosis and Differentiation through Targeting CD47-SIRPα Axis in Atherosclerosis. Scand J Immunol 2019; 90:e12766. [PMID: 30929259 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) is an essential signalling molecule that modulates inflammatory responses in macrophages. However, the regulation of SIRPs and its dynamic changes in macrophages under inflammatory stimulation in atherosclerosis remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to identify the miRNAs that regulate SIRPa transcription and their roles in modulating phagocytosis, differentiation and cholesterol efflux in macrophages. METHODS ApoE knockout mice were fed with a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Intimal lesion areas and lipid accumulation were assessed by haematoxylin and eosin (HE) and oil red O staining. The expression of mRNAs/miRNAs was assessed by RNA-seq (RNA sequencing) and RT-qPCR (real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction). The identification of miR-378a associated with SIRPa regulation in macrophages induced by ox-LDL was confirmed by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The phagocytosis and differentiation of macrophages were detected to figure out the role of miR-378a and SIRPa. RESULTS SIRPa was proved to be a target of miR-378a. Reduced miR-378a can promote the expression of SIRPa. RNA-seq data showed that the levels of mRNA associated with macrophage phenotypes and SIRPa-CD47 axis were increasing significantly with a decreasing phagocytic phenotype in ApoE-/- mice vs wild-type (WT) mice (P < 0.01). The level of miR-378a was reduced in the aorta of ApoE-/- mice vs WT mice. The experiment in vitro showed that overexpression of miR-378a in macrophages decreased the level of Sirpa mRNA obviously vs control (P < 0.01). The phagocytic activity of miR-378a-transfected macrophages was promoted vs control (P < 0.05). miR-378a significantly depleted Sirpa levels in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-stimulated macrophages (P < 0.05), and depletion of miR-378a reversed Sirpa reduction obviously (P < 0.05). miR-378a promoted the secretion of TNF-a and IL-6 indirectly. CONCLUSION It has been demonstrated that miR-378a regulates SIRPa-mediated phagocytosis and polarization of macrophages by a direct or indirect way. This research may provide a new path to promote reverse cholesterol transport of macrophages and hinder the progress of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China.,Department of Medical Science of Laboratory, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Ximing Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Junyan Wang
- The First Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Song
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Aisong Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lianqun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
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17
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Inflammatory biomarker profiling in classical orthostatic hypotension: Insights from the SYSTEMA cohort. Int J Cardiol 2018; 259:192-197. [PMID: 29579600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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