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Nagasaka R, Nakachi H, Onodera Y, Ishikawa Y, Ohshima T. Leptin promotes the fat preference associated with low-temperature acclimation in mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1250-1258. [PMID: 32093588 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1732186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Although fluctuations in energy metabolism are known to influence intake as well as nutrient selection, there are no definitive reports on how food preferences change with changes in habitat temperature. We investigated the effects of habitat temperature on appetite and food preference and elucidated the underlying mechanism by conducting a feeding experiment and a leptin administration test on mice reared at low temperatures. Our results showed that the increased food intake and HFD preference observed in the 10°C group were induced by decrease in plasma leptin concentration. Then, a leptin administration experiment was conducted to clarify the relationship between leptin and food preference with low-temperature acclimation. The control group reared in 10°C significantly preferred the HFD, but the leptin-administered group did not. These results show that the peripheral system appetite-regulating hormone leptin not only acts to suppress appetite but also might inhibit preference for lipids in low-temperature acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Nagasaka
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hazuki Nakachi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Onodera
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishikawa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ohshima
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Lima TI, Guimarães D, Sponton CH, Bajgelman MC, Palameta S, Toscaro JM, Reis O, Silveira LR. Essential role of the PGC-1α/PPARβ axis in Ucp3 gene induction. J Physiol 2019; 597:4277-4291. [PMID: 31228206 DOI: 10.1113/jp278006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS We report that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α)/PPARβ axis is a crucial mediator of uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) expression in skeletal muscle cells via the transactivativation of a distal PPAR response element at the Ucp3 gene promoter. This mechanism is activated during the myogenic process and by high concentrations of fatty acids independent of PGC-1α protein levels. Ucp3 is essential for PGC-1α-induced oxidative capacity and the adaptive mitochondrial response to fatty acid exposure. These findings provide further evidence for the broad spectrum of the coactivator action in mitochondrial homeostasis, positioning the PGC-1ɑ/PPARβ axis as an essential component of the molecular regulation of Ucp3 gene in skeletal muscle cells. ABSTRACT Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) has an essential role in fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial redox regulation in skeletal muscle. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the expression of Ucp3 are poorly known. In the present study, we show that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α)/PPARβ axis is a crucial mediator of Ucp3 expression in skeletal muscle cells. In silico analysis of the UCP3 promoter and quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that the induction of the UCP3 transcript is mediated by the transactivation of a distal PPAR response element at the Ucp3 gene promoter by the coactivator PGC-1α. This mechanism is activated during myogenesis and during metabolic stress induced by fatty acids independent of PGC-1α protein levels. We also provide evidence that Ucp3 is essential for PGC-1α-induced oxidative capacity. Taken together, our results highlight PGC-1ɑ/PPARβ as an essential component of the molecular regulation of Ucp3 gene in skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanes I Lima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Dimitrius Guimarães
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carlos H Sponton
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Soledad Palameta
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Osvaldo Reis
- Central Laboratory of High Performance Technologies (LaCTAD), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R Silveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Campinas, Brazil
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Lima TI, Silveira LR. A microplate assay for measuring cell death in C2C12 cells. Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 96:702-706. [DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2018-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to develop a straightforward and rapid microplate assay for measuring propidium iodide (PI) in C2C12 cells. The PI method has proven to be an efficient quantitative assay for analyzing cell viability through PI fluorescence analysis. Importantly, the protocol takes less than 30 min and the results are reproducible. C2C12 cells were exposed to an increasing concentration of palmitate for a period of 24 h to induce cell death, and the PI fluorescence increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Evaluation of mitochondrial function and the production of reactive oxygen species confirmed the deleterious effects of palmitate. Also, the microplate PI assay demonstrated high sensitivity, as indicated by the detection of modest fluctuations in cell viability in response to catalase overexpression in palmitate-treated cells. The microplate PI assay, therefore, offers an accurate method for use in in-vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanes I. Lima
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R. Silveira
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Futawaka K, Tagami T, Fukuda Y, Koyama R, Nushida A, Nezu S, Imamoto M, Kasahara M, Moriyama K. Growth hormone regulates the expression of UCP2 in myocytes. Growth Horm IGF Res 2016; 29:57-62. [PMID: 27150070 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if and how growth hormone (GH) signaling is involved in energy metabolism. DESIGN We used human embryonic kidney TSA201 cells, human H-EMC-SS chondrosarcoma cells, rat L6 skeletal muscle cells, and murine C2C12 skeletal muscle myoblasts to investigate GH-induced expression of uncoupling protein2 (UCP2) to the GHR/JAK/STAT5 pathway by a combination of a reporter assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), real-time quantitative PCR, Western blotting. RESULTS We demonstrated that the regulation energy metabolism, which was hypothesized to be directly acted on by GH, involves UCP2 via activated STAT5B, a signal transducer downstream of GH. We also showed that the sequence at the -586 'TTCnGA' may function as a novel putative consensus sequence of STAT5s. CONCLUSION The results suggest that GH regulates energy metabolism directly in myocytes and that UCP2 participates in the signal transduction pathway that functions downstream of the GHR/JAK/STAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Futawaka
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Tagami
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Rie Koyama
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nushida
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Syoko Nezu
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
| | - Miyuki Imamoto
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Masato Kasahara
- Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Moriyama
- Medicine and Clinical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan; Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan; Department of Nephrology and Blood Purification, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe Medical Frontier Center, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
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Kim YJ, Shin YO, Ha YW, Lee S, Oh JK, Kim YS. Anti-obesity Effect of Pinellia ternata Extract in Zucker Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2006; 29:1278-81. [PMID: 16755034 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.1278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pinellia ternata is known as the herb effective in removing dampness-phlegm, one of the causes of obesity in traditional Korean medicine. Pinellia ternata water extract (PE) was fed to rats after mixing with diet once a day (400 mg x kg(-1)) for 6 weeks. We investigated its effect on the thermogenesis and fatty acids oxidation with obese Zucker rats. We also determined the gene expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), and PPARgamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC1alpha). The PE treatment lowered the levels of triglyceride and free fatty acids (p<0.05) in blood of the obese rats and the body weight was also reduced slightly. It was also observed that PE significantly increased the expression of both UCP1 mRNA in brown adipose tissue (BAT) (p<0.001) and PPARalpha and PGC1alpha mRNA in white visceral adipose tissue (WAT) (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively), which may cause a reduction of obesity. These results suggested that PE would be able to affect anti-obesity through thermogenesis and fatty acid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Jeong Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
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