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Kabkrathok P, Jarussophon S, Unger O, Lomarat P, Reutrakul V, Pittayanurak P, Bongcheewin B, Anantachoke N. Mass spectral analysis of secondary metabolites from Zingiber montanum rhizome extract using UHPLC-HR-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:57-71. [PMID: 34056774 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Zingiber montanum (J.Koenig) Link ex A.Dietr. is a popular medicinal plant in Thailand. Its rhizomes have been used as an ingredient in various Thai traditional medicine formulas. While many reports have focused on the chemical constituents and biological activities of this plant, a comprehensive study on secondary metabolite profiling using tandem mass spectrometry has, to this point, never been documented. OBJECTIVE To analyze the chemical constituents in Z. montanum rhizomes using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultra-high-resolution electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) analyses and to utilize the characteristic fragmentation patterns of these compounds to facilitate their identification. METHODOLOGY UHPLC-HR-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS in positive ion mode was used for chemical identification of secondary metabolites from the ethanolic extract of the plant material. MS/MS data of some known reference compounds, together with detailed fragmentation pattern information of several compounds obtained from the crude extract, were used to elucidate their chemical structures. RESULTS In this work, one benzaldehyde, ten phenylbutenoid monomers, six curcuminoids, and nine phenylbutenoid dimers were assigned based on their characteristic fragment ions. Among these compounds, 2-(3,4-dimethoxystyryl)oxirane was tentatively suggested as a potential new compound. Several characteristic fragment ions from these compounds were assigned and the relative ion abundance of these was also used to differentiate the chemical structures of compounds having the same molecular mass. CONCLUSIONS The results will benefit future high-throughput screening of bioactive compounds and method development for the quality control of raw materials and herbal drugs derived from Z. montanum rhizome extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranatthapong Kabkrathok
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Center of Innovative Pharmacy for Pharmaceutical and Herbal Product Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suwatchai Jarussophon
- Nano Agricultural Chemistry and Processing Research Team, National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Onuma Unger
- Nano Characterization Laboratory, National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Pattamapan Lomarat
- Department of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vichai Reutrakul
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapadsorn Pittayanurak
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bhanubong Bongcheewin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthinee Anantachoke
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Center of Innovative Pharmacy for Pharmaceutical and Herbal Product Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Ebob OT, Babiaka SB, Ntie-Kang F. Natural Products as Potential Lead Compounds for Drug Discovery Against SARS-CoV-2. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:611-628. [PMID: 34515981 PMCID: PMC8435765 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-021-00317-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
For the past 2 years, the coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 infection has become a world pandemic, ruining the lives and economies of several nations in the world. This has scaled up research on the virus and the resulting infection with the goal of developing new vaccines and therapies. Natural products are known to be a rich source of lead compounds for drug discovery, including against infectious diseases caused by microbes (viruses, bacteria and fungi). In this review article, we conducted a literature survey aimed at identifying natural products with inhibitory concentrations against the coronaviruses or their target proteins, which lie below 10 µM. This led to the identification of 42 compounds belonging to the alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, phenolic, xanthone and saponin classes. The cut off concentration of 10 µM was to limit the study to the most potent chemical entities, which could be developed into therapies against the viral infection to make a contribution towards limiting the spread of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyere Tanyi Ebob
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Smith B. Babiaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Fidele Ntie-Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
- Institute for Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Jayasuriya R, Dhamodharan U, Ali D, Ganesan K, Xu B, Ramkumar KM. Targeting Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway by bioactive natural agents: Possible therapeutic strategy to combat liver disease. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 92:153755. [PMID: 34583226 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), a stress-activated transcription factor, has been documented to induce a defense mechanism against oxidative stress damage, and growing evidence considers this signaling pathway a key pharmacological target for the treatment of liver diseases. PURPOSE The present review highlights the role of phytochemical compounds in activating Nrf2 and mitigate toxicant-induced stress on liver injury. METHODS A comprehensive search of published articles was carried out to focus on original publications related to Nrf2 activators against liver disease using various literature databases, including the scientific Databases of Science Direct, Web of Science, Pubmed, Google, EMBASE, and Scientific Information (SID). RESULTS Nrf2 activators exhibited promising effects in resisting a variety of liver diseases induced by different toxicants in preclinical experiments and in vitro studies by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis as well as an antioxidant defense mechanism. We found that the phytochemical compounds, such as curcumin, naringenin, sulforaphane, diallyl disulfide, mangiferin, oleanolic acid, umbelliferone, daphnetin, quercetin, isorhamnetin-3-O-galactoside, hesperidin, diammonium glycyrrhizinate, corilagin, shikonin, farrerol, and chenpi, had the potential to improve the Nrf2-ARE signaling thereby combat hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSION Nrf2 activators may offer a novel potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases. More extensive studies are essential to identify the underlying mechanisms and establish future therapeutic potentials of these signaling modulators. Further clinical trials are warranted to determine the safety and effectiveness of Nrf2 activators for hepatopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandran Jayasuriya
- SRM Research Institute and Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | | | - Daoud Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Kumar Ganesan
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China.
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- SRM Research Institute and Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India.
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Navabhatra A, Maniratanachote R, Yingngam B. Antiphotoaging properties of Zingiber montanum essential oil isolated by solvent-free microwave extraction against ultraviolet B-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts. Toxicol Res 2021; 38:235-248. [PMID: 35419276 PMCID: PMC8960501 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-021-00107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining youthful skin from photoaging with natural products, including essential oils, is a vital strategy that has piqued the interest of researchers in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. This research aimed to investigate the protective properties of Zingiber montanum (J. Koenig) Link ex A. Dietr. essential oil against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin damage and photoaging in normal human dermal fibroblast (HDFn) cells. The essential oil was extracted from fresh plant rhizomes using solvent-free microwave extraction. Its antiphotoaging properties in HDFn cells were investigated using reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging, wound healing, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9) expression, procollagen synthesis, and elastase and tyrosinase inhibitory assays. The results showed that the test oil exhibited no significant toxicity in HDFn at concentrations up to 10 mg/mL, with cell viability exceeding 90%. Following UVB irradiation at 30 mJ/cm2, Z. montanum oil demonstrated time and concentration-dependent ROS radical scavenging capabilities. In a cell migration assay, the essential oil demonstrated wound-healing properties. Z. montanum oil suppressed the expression of MMPs and enhanced the synthesis of type I procollagen at a concentration of 0.1-1 mg/mL. In addition, 0.1-1 mg/mL Z. montanum oil inhibited elastase activity in a concentration-dependent manner but did not affect tyrosinase activity. From these findings, the essential oil of Z. montanum could have potential applications in developing cosmeceutical products to prevent skin photoaging.
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Han AR, Kim H, Piao D, Jung CH, Seo EK. Phytochemicals and Bioactivities of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082377. [PMID: 33921835 PMCID: PMC8073654 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. (Zingiberaceae), is an important medicinal plant known as “Plai (Phlai)” in Thailand, “Bangle” in Indonesia, and “Bulei” in China. Traditionally, this plant has been used to treat inflammation, pain, and respiratory problems. The rhizomes are the primary part of the plant that has been used for medicinal purposes due to their constituents with therapeutic properties, including phenylbutenoids, curcuminoids, and essential oils. Since the 1970s, many studies have been conducted on the phytochemicals and bioactivities of Z. cassumunar to establish fundamental scientific evidence that supports its use in traditional medicine. The accumulated biological studies on the extracts, solvent fractions, and constituents of Z. cassumunar have described their diverse medicinal properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective/neurotrophic, cosmeceutical, and antifungal/antimicrobial bioactivities. In this review, we summarize information on the phytochemicals of Z. cassumunar and the bioactivities of its extracts and constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Reum Han
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea;
| | - Hyunyoung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (H.K.); (D.P.)
| | - Donglan Piao
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (H.K.); (D.P.)
| | - Chan-Hun Jung
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54810, Korea;
| | - Eun Kyoung Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (H.K.); (D.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3277-3047
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Ganapathy G, Preethi R, Moses J, Anandharamakrishnan C. Diarylheptanoids as nutraceutical: A review. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 19:101109. [PMID: 32288931 PMCID: PMC7102868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are naturally occurring compounds present ubiquitously in plants. They have potential health benefits and substantiate evidence for their nutraceutical applications. Diarylheptanoids are part of the broad class of plant phenolics with structurally divergent compounds. They have been used in traditional medicines and homemade remedies to treat various ailments, as organoleptic additives in foods, and also for aesthetic purposes. With their potential therapeutic and organoleptic characteristics, diarylhepatanoids can be rightly termed as nutraceuticals. This review summarizes the wide range of pharmacological activities of diarylhepatanoids and nutraceutical formulations, with relevance to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Ganapathy
- Computational modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur 613005, India
| | - R. Preethi
- Computational modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur 613005, India
| | - J.A. Moses
- Computational modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur 613005, India
| | - C. Anandharamakrishnan
- Computational modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology, Thanjavur 613005, India
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Kishida T, Funakoshi Y, Fukuyama Y, Honda S, Masuda T, Oyama Y. Conflicting actions of 4-vinylcatechol in rat lymphocytes under oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 43:347-352. [PMID: 30081655 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1492604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
4-Vinylcatechol (4VC) has been identified as an aroma compound in roasted foods, especially coffee. It is also a component in traditional herbal medicines. This compound may be subconsciously ingested through foods and herbs. Recent experimental evidence has shown that 4VC possesses an antioxidative action. However, the antioxidative action of 4VC at cellular levels is not well characterized. The effects of 4VC (0.1-100 µM) were examined on rat thymic lymphocytes without and with oxidative stress induced by 300 µM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Cell treatment with 100 µM 4VC alone for 4 h significantly increased the population of dead cells. Thus, 4VC at 100 µM or above elicits cytotoxicity. However, 4VC at sublethal concentrations (1-10 µM) significantly attenuated the H2O2-induced increase in cell lethality in a concentration-dependent manner. While application of 10 µM 4VC slowed the process of cell death induced by H2O2, 4VC did not antagonize the H2O2-induced reduction of cellular nonprotein thiols. Although 4VC at 10 µM did not affect intracellular Ca2+ and Zn2+ levels, the agent potentiated the H2O2-induced increases in these levels. These actions of 10 µM 4VC are adverse to the cells under the oxidative stress. However, 10 µM 4VC partly attenuated the cell death induced by 100 nM A23187, a calcium ionophore. There are conflicting actions of 4VC at 1-100 µM on the cells under oxidative stress although the agent is used for an antioxidant. Thus, caution is required when using 4VC as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Kishida
- Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yurie Funakoshi
- Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuya Fukuyama
- Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sari Honda
- Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiya Masuda
- Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuo Oyama
- Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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Anticancer Curcumin: Natural Analogues and Structure-Activity Relationship. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63929-5.00010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Park J, Chung H, Bang SH, Han AR, Seo EK, Chang SE, Kang DH, Oh ES. (E)-4-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)but-3-en-1-ol Enhances Melanogenesis through Increasing Upstream Stimulating Factor-1-Mediated Tyrosinase Expression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141988. [PMID: 26535571 PMCID: PMC4633108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the potential melanogenic effect of compounds from Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. Our data revealed that chloroform-soluble extract of Z. cassumunar enhanced melanin synthesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. Among the components of the chloroform extract, (E)-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)but-3-en-1-ol (DMPB) increased melanogenesis in both B16F10 cells and human primary melanocytes. In B16F10 cells, DMPB enhanced the activation of ERK and p38, and the level of tyrosinase. Although the level of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor was unchanged in DMPB-treated B16F10 cells, DMPB increased levels and nuclear localization of upstream stimulating factor-1 (USF1). Consistently, DMPB-mediated melanin synthesis was diminished in USF1-knockdown cells. Furthermore, DMPB induced hyperpigmentation in brown guinea pigs in vivo. Together, these data suggest that DMPB may promote melanin synthesis via USF1 dependent fashion and could be used as a clinical therapeutic agent against hypopigmentation-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Park
- Department of Life Sciences, the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heesung Chung
- Department of Life Sciences, the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Bang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ah-Reum Han
- The Global Top5 Research Program, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Seo
- The Global Top5 Research Program, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk-Hee Kang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Center, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eok-Soo Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, the Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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Safety Evaluation of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. Rhizome Extract: Acute and Chronic Toxicity Studies in Rats. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:632608. [PMID: 27379341 PMCID: PMC4897215 DOI: 10.1155/2014/632608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. has been used for traditional medicine, but few studies have described its potential toxicity. In this study, the acute and chronic oral toxicity of Z. cassumunar extract granules were evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats. The extract at a single dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight did not produce treatment related signs of toxicity or mortality in any of the animals tested during the 14-day observation period. However, a decrease in body weights was observed in treated males (P < 0.05). The weights of lung and kidney of treated females were increased (P < 0.05). Treated males were increased in spleen and epididymis weights (P < 0.05). In repeated dose 270-day oral toxicity study, the administration of the extracts at concentrations of 0.3, 3, 30, 11.25, 112.5, and 1,125 mg/kg body weight/day revealed no-treatment toxicity. Although certain endpoints among those monitored (i.e., organ weight, hematological parameters, and clinical chemistry) exhibited statistically significant effects, none was adverse. Gross and histological observations revealed no toxicity. Our findings suggest that the Z. cassumunar extract granules are well tolerated for both single and chronic administration. The oral no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for the extract was 1,125 mg/kg body weight/day for males and females.
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García-Niño WR, Pedraza-Chaverrí J. Protective effect of curcumin against heavy metals-induced liver damage. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 69:182-201. [PMID: 24751969 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Occupational or environmental exposures to heavy metals produce several adverse health effects. The common mechanism determining their toxicity and carcinogenicity is the generation of oxidative stress that leads to hepatic damage. In addition, oxidative stress induced by metal exposure leads to the activation of the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/antioxidant response elements (Nrf2/Keap1/ARE) pathway. Since antioxidant and chelating agents are generally used for the treatment of heavy metals poisoning, this review is focused on the protective role of curcumin against liver injury induced by heavy metals. Curcumin has shown, in clinical and preclinical studies, numerous biological activities including therapeutic efficacy against various human diseases and anti-hepatotoxic effects against environmental or occupational toxins. Curcumin reduces the hepatotoxicity induced by arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and mercury, prevents histological injury, lipid peroxidation and glutathione (GSH) depletion, maintains the liver antioxidant enzyme status and protects against mitochondrial dysfunction. The preventive effect of curcumin on the noxious effects induced by heavy metals has been attributed to its scavenging and chelating properties, and/or to the ability to induce the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE pathway. However, additional research is needed in order to propose curcumin as a potential protective agent against liver damage induced by heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wylly Ramsés García-Niño
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City, 04510 D.F., Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverrí
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City, 04510 D.F., Mexico.
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Comparative docking and ADMET study of some curcumin derivatives and herbal congeners targeting β-amyloid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13721-012-0021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Oyama TM, Saito M, Yonezawa T, Okano Y, Oyama Y. Nanomolar concentrations of zinc pyrithione increase cell susceptibility to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide in rat thymocytes. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 87:1316-1322. [PMID: 22356860 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 12/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Zinc pyrithione is used as an antifouling agent. However, the environmental impacts of zinc pyrithione have recently been of concern. Zinc induces diverse actions during oxidative stress; therefore, we examined the effect of zinc pyrithione on rat thymocytes suffering from oxidative stress using appropriate fluorescent probes. The cytotoxicity of zinc pyrithione was not observed when the cells were incubated with 3 μM zinc pyrithione for 3 h. However, zinc pyrithione at nanomolar concentrations (10 nM or more) significantly increased the lethality of cells suffering from oxidative stress induced by 3 mM H(2)O(2). The application of zinc pyrithione alone at nanomolar concentrations increased intracellular Zn(2+) level and the cellular content of superoxide anions, and decreased the cellular content of nonprotein thiols. The simultaneous application of nanomolar zinc pyrithione and micromolar H(2)O(2) synergistically increased the intracellular Zn(2+) level. Therefore, zinc pyrithione at nanomolar concentrations may exert severe cytotoxic action on cells simultaneously exposed to chemicals that induce oxidative stress. If so, zinc pyrithione leaked from antifouling materials into surrounding environments would be a risk factor for aquatic ecosystems. Alternatively, zinc pyrithione under conditions of oxidative stress may become more potent antifouling ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro M Oyama
- Division of Environmental Symbiosis Studies, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
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Tamura I, Kanbara Y, Saito M, Horimoto K, Satoh M, Yamamoto H, Oyama Y. Triclosan, an antibacterial agent, increases intracellular Zn(2+) concentration in rat thymocytes: its relation to oxidative stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 86:70-75. [PMID: 22000841 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan is used as an antibacterial agent in household items and personal care products. Since this compound is found in maternal milk of humans and bodies of wild animals, there is growing concern among some consumer groups and scientific community that triclosan is adverse for humans and wild animals. In order to estimate adverse actions of triclosan, the effects of triclosan on intracellular Zn(2+) concentration and cellular thiol content were studied in rat thymocytes by the use of flow cytometer with appropriate fluorescent probes. Triclosan at 1-3 μM (sublethal concentrations) increased the intensity of FluoZin-3 fluorescence (intracellular Zn(2+) concentration) and decreased the intensity of 5-chloromethylfluorescein (5-CMF) fluorescence (cellular thiol content). Negative correlation (r=-0.985) between triclosan-induced changes in FluoZin-3 and 5-CMF fluorescences was found. Removal of external Zn(2+) did not significantly affect the triclosan-induced augmentation of FluoZin-3 fluorescence, suggesting an intracellular Zn(2+) release by triclosan. These actions of triclosan were similar to those of H(2)O(2) and triclosan significantly potentiated the cytotoxicity of H(2)O(2). Therefore, the results may suggest that triclosan at sublethal concentrations induces oxidative stress that decreases cellular thiol content, resulting in an increase in intracellular Zn(2+) concentration by Zn(2+) release from intracellular store(s). Since recent studies show many physiological roles of intracellular Zn(2+) in cellular functions, the triclosan-induced disturbance of cellular Zn(2+) homeostasis may induce adverse actions on the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikumi Tamura
- Division of Environmental Symbiosis Studies, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
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Ramudu SK, Korivi M, Kesireddy N, Chen CY, Kuo CH, Kesireddy SR. Ginger feeding protects against renal oxidative damage caused by alcohol consumption in rats. J Ren Nutr 2011; 21:263-70. [PMID: 20599394 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the nephro-protective effect of ginger against chronic alcohol-induced oxidative stress and tissue damage. DESIGN This is a prospective animal study in which renal antioxidant enzymes were demolished by alcohol consumption and restored with ginger feeding. We fed rats with ginger for 30 days to evaluate the nephro-protective effect against alcohol toxicity. METHODS Twenty-four Wistar strain rats were divided into 4 equal groups: normal control (Nc), ginger treated (Gt), alcohol treated (At), and alcohol plus ginger treated (At + Gt). Ginger was given to the At group for 30 days and renal antioxidant enzymes were assayed. RESULTS Renal antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities, and the levels of glutathione were significantly (P < .001) decreased, whereas malondialdehyde levels were elevated in At group. However, ginger extract supplementation to the At rats reversed these effects and attained the antioxidant status to normal levels. Furthermore, degenerative changes in renal cells with alcohol treatment were minimized to nearness in architecture by ginger supplementation. CONCLUSIONS This study concludes that alcohol-induced nephro-toxicity was attenuated by ginger extract treatment, thus ginger can used as a regular nutrient to protect the renal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugam Kondeti Ramudu
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Lee YJ, Kim NY, Suh YA, Lee C. Involvement of ROS in Curcumin-induced Autophagic Cell Death. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2011; 15:1-7. [PMID: 21461234 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2011.15.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Many anticancer agents as well as ionizing radiation have been shown to induce autophagy which is originally described as a protein recycling process and recently reported to play a crucial role in various disorders. In HCT116 human colon cancer cells, we found that curcumin, a polyphenolic phytochemical extracted from the plant Curcuma longa, markedly induced the conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-I to LC3-II and degradation of sequestome-1 (SQSTM1) which is a marker of autophagosome degradation. Moreover, we found that curcumin caused GFP-LC3 formation puncta, a marker of autophagosome, and decrease of GFP-LC3 and SQSTM1 protein level in GFP-LC3 expressing HCT116 cells. It was further confirmed that treatment of cells with hydrogen peroxide induced increase of LC3 conversion and decrease of GFP-LC3 and SQSTM1 levels, but these changes by curcumin were almost completely blocked in the presence of antioxidant, N-acetylcystein (NAC), indicating that curcumin leads to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which results in autophagosome development and autolysosomal degradation. In parallel with NAC, SQSTM1 degradation was also diminished by bafilomycin A, a potent inhibitor of autophagosome-lysosome fusion, and cell viability assay was further confirmed that cucurmin-induced cell death was partially blocked by bafilomycin A as well as NAC. We also observed that NAC abolished curcumin-induced activation of extracelluar signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), but not Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). However, the activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK seemed to have no effect on the curcumin-induced autophagy, since both the conversion of LC3 protein and SQSTM1 degradation by curcumin was not changed in the presence of NAC. Taken together, our data suggest that curcumin induced ROS production, which resulted in autophagic activation and concomitant cell death in HCT116 human colon cancer cell. However, ROS-dependent activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK, but not JNK, might not be involved in the curcumin-induced autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Ju Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 705-718, Korea
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Kim KC, Lee C. Curcumin Induces Downregulation of E2F4 Expression and Apoptotic Cell Death in HCT116 Human Colon Cancer Cells; Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2010; 14:391-7. [PMID: 21311680 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2010.14.6.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
E2F transcription factors and their target genes have been known to play an important role in cell growth control. We found that curcumin, a polyphenolic phytochemical isolated from the plant Curcuma longa, markedly suppressed E2F4 expression in HCT116 colon cancer cells. Hydrogen peroxide was also found to decrease E2F4 protein level, indicating the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in curucmin-induced downregulation of E2F4 expression. Involvement of ROS in E2F4 downregulation in response to curcumin was confirmed by the result that pretreatment of cells with N-acetylcystein (NAC) before exposure of curcumin almost completely blocked the reduction of E2F4 expression at the protein as well as mRNA level. Anti-proliferative effect of curcumin was also suppressed by NAC which is consistent to previous reports showing curcumin-superoxide production and induction of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage as well as apoptosis. Expression of several genes, cyclin A, p21, and p27, which has been shown to be regulated in E2F4-dependent manner and involved in the cell cycle progression was also affected by curcumin. Moreover, decreased (cyclin A) and increased (p21 and p27) expression of these E2F4 downstream genes by curcumin was restored by pretreatment of cells with NAC and E2F4 overexpression which is induced by doxycycline. In addition, E2F4 overexpression was observed to partially ameliorate curcumin-induced growth inhibition by cell viability assay. Taken together, we found curcumin-induced ROS down-regulation of E2F4 expression and modulation of E2F4 target genes which finally lead to the apoptotic cell death in HCT116 colon cancer cells, suggesting that E2F4 appears to be a novel determinant of curcumin-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Chan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 705-718, Korea
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18
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Anand P, Thomas SG, Kunnumakkara AB, Sundaram C, Harikumar KB, Sung B, Tharakan ST, Misra K, Priyadarsini IK, Rajasekharan KN, Aggarwal BB. Biological activities of curcumin and its analogues (Congeners) made by man and Mother Nature. Biochem Pharmacol 2008; 76:1590-611. [PMID: 18775680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2008.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 753] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2008] [Revised: 08/06/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a yellow pigment present in the Indian spice turmeric (associated with curry powder), has been linked with suppression of inflammation; angiogenesis; tumorigenesis; diabetes; diseases of the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and neurological systems, of skin, and of liver; loss of bone and muscle; depression; chronic fatigue; and neuropathic pain. The utility of curcumin is limited by its color, lack of water solubility, and relatively low in vivo bioavailability. Because of the multiple therapeutic activities attributed to curcumin, however, there is an intense search for a "super curcumin" without these problems. Multiple approaches are being sought to overcome these limitations. These include discovery of natural curcumin analogues from turmeric; discovery of natural curcumin analogues made by Mother Nature; synthesis of "man-made" curcumin analogues; reformulation of curcumin with various oils and with inhibitors of metabolism (e.g., piperine); development of liposomal and nanoparticle formulations of curcumin; conjugation of curcumin prodrugs; and linking curcumin with polyethylene glycol. Curcumin is a homodimer of feruloylmethane containing a methoxy group and a hydroxyl group, a heptadiene with two Michael acceptors, and an alpha,beta-diketone. Structural homologues involving modification of all these groups are being considered. This review focuses on the status of all these approaches in generating a "super curcumin.".
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Anand
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Unit 143, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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19
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Ahmed RS, Suke SG, Seth V, Chakraborti A, Tripathi AK, Banerjee BD. Protective effects of dietary ginger (Zingiber officinales Rosc.) on lindane-induced oxidative stress in rats. Phytother Res 2008; 22:902-6. [PMID: 18389491 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The protective effect of dietary feeding of Zingiber officinales Rosc. (ginger) against lindane-induced oxidative stress was investigated in male albino rats. Oxidative stress was monitored by estimating the extent of lipid peroxidation, activities of the oxygen free radical (OFR) scavenging enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and the status of the glutathione redox cycle antioxidants. Lindane administration (30 mg/kg bw orally for 4 weeks) was associated with enhanced lipid peroxidation and compromised antioxidant defenses in rats fed a normal diet. Concomitant dietary feeding of ginger (1%w/w) significantly attenuated lindane-induced lipid peroxidation, accompanied by modulation of OFR scavenging enzymes as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) and the GSH dependent enzymes glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in these rats. These findings suggest that a diet containing naturally occurring compounds is effective in exerting protective effects by modulating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafat S Ahmed
- Environmental Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences and G.T.B. Hospital, University of Delhi, Dilshad Garden, Delhi-110095, India.
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Iwase K, Oyama Y, Tatsuishi T, Yamaguchi JY, Nishimura Y, Kanada A, Kobayashi M, Maemura Y, Ishida S, Okano Y. Cremophor EL augments the cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide in lymphocytes dissociated from rat thymus glands. Toxicol Lett 2004; 154:143-8. [PMID: 15475188 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2004] [Revised: 08/03/2004] [Accepted: 08/03/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical uses of cremophor EL, a non-ionic surfactant, are similar to those of polysorbate 80. In our previous study, polysorbate 80 exerted some adverse actions on rat thymocytes under in vitro condition. Therefore, the effects of cremophor EL on thymic lymphocytes were examined using a flow cytometer with appropriate fluorescent dyes. Cremophor EL at 10 microg/ml or more (up to 300 microg/ml) concentration-dependently decreased cellular content of glutathione. The cell viability of thymocytes under control condition was 95.4 +/- 1.2% (n = 7, mean +/- S.D.). The incubation of thymocytes with 300 microg/ml cremophor EL or 3 mM hydrogen peroxide for 2 h, respectively, decreased the cell viability to 90.8 +/- 2.8% or 91.2 +/- 2.6%. However, the simultaneous incubation with cremophor EL and hydrogen peroxide decreased the cell viability to 28.7 +/- 8.2%. Cremophor EL at 100 microg/ml accelerated the process of cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide. Results suggest that cremophor EL increases the susceptibility to oxidative stress. Cremophor EL at clinically relevant concentrations may increase the therapeutic potential of some anticancer agents to produce oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Iwase
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
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21
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Jagetia G, Baliga M, Venkatesh P. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), a dietary supplement, protects mice against radiation-induced lethality: mechanism of action. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2004; 19:422-35. [PMID: 15453957 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2004.19.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The radioprotective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale; ZOE) was studied in mice administered 250 mg/kg ZOE orally using oral gavage once daily for 5 consecutive days before exposure to 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or 11 Gy of gamma-radiation. The animals were monitored daily up to 30 days postirradiation for the development of symptoms of radiation sickness and mortality. Pretreatment of mice with ZOE reduced the severity of symptoms of radiation sickness and mortality at all the exposure doses and also increased the number of survivors in a ZOE + irradiation group compared to the concurrent double-distilled water + irradiation group. The ZOE treatment protected mice against gastrointestinal-related deaths as well as bone-marrow-related deaths. The dose-reduction factor was found to be 1.2. The administration of ZOE after exposure to irradiation was not effective, as no survivors lasted up to 30 days postirradiation. Reducing the administration schedule to 3 days or increasing the schedule to 7 days was not as effective compared to a 5 consecutive days' schedule. The irradiation of animals resulted in a dose-dependent elevation in the lipid peroxidation, while depletion in the glutathione (GSH) contents occurred on day 31 postirradiation. Treatment of mice with ZOE before irradiation caused a significant depletion in lipid peroxidation followed by a significant elevation in GSH concentration in the livers of mice at 31 days postirradiation. The mechanism of action of ZOE was determined by evaluating its free-radical scavenging capability. Ginger was found to scavenge *OH, O2*- and ABTS*+ radicals in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. The drug was nontoxic up to a dose of 1500 mg/kg body weight, the highest drug dose that could be tested for acute toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Jagetia
- Department of Radiobiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India.
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22
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Jagetia GC, Baliga MS, Venkatesh P, Ulloor JN. Influence of ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale Rosc) on survival, glutathione and lipid peroxidation in mice after whole-body exposure to gamma radiation. Radiat Res 2003; 160:584-92. [PMID: 14565823 DOI: 10.1667/rr3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The radioprotective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of ginger rhizome, Zingiber officinale (ZOE), was studied. Mice were given 10 mg/kg ZOE intraperitoneally once daily for five consecutive days before exposure to 6-12 Gy of gamma radiation and were monitored daily up to 30 days postirradiation for the development of symptoms of radiation sickness and mortality. Pretreatment of mice with ZOE reduced the severity of radiation sickness and the mortality at all doses. The ZOE treatment protected mice from GI syndrome as well as bone marrow syndrome. The dose reduction factor for ZOE was found to be 1.15. The optimum protective dose of 10 mg/kg ZOE was 1/50 of the LD50 (500 mg/kg). Irradiation of the animals resulted in a dose-dependent elevation in the lipid peroxidation and depletion of GSH on day 31 postirradiation; both effects were lessened by pretreatment with ZOE. ZOE also had a dose-dependent antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.
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Oyama Y, Arata T, Chikahisa L, Umebayashi C, Tabaru K, Sakai K, Hayashi H. Effects of A23187 and CaCl(2) on tri-n-butyltin-induced cell death in rat thymocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2003; 13:29-36. [PMID: 21782646 DOI: 10.1016/s1382-6689(02)00127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2002] [Accepted: 09/02/2002] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
As tri-n-butyltin (TBT), one of the environmental pollutants, is accumulated in wild animals, concern regarding the toxicity of TBT in both wildlife and human is increasing. TBT has been reported to increase intracellular Ca(2+) concentration in several types of cells. In order to examine how Ca(2+) is involved in TBT-induced cell death, the effect of TBT on rat thymocytes has been compared with that of A23187, a calcium ionophore, under various concentrations of external Ca(2+) using a flow cytometer and fluorescent probes. Although both TBT and A23187 were toxic to cells under normal Ca(2+) condition, under external Ca(2+)-free condition the cytotoxic action of TBT was potentiated without changing the threshold concentration while that of A23187 was completely abolished. A23187 attenuated the TBT-induced descent in cell viability under normal Ca(2+) concentration despite intracellular Ca(2+) concentration was increased. As external Ca(2+) concentration increased, the TBT-induced increase in number of dead cells gradually decreased whereas the number of cells in an early stage of apoptosis increased. Results suggest that Ca(2+) has contradictory actions on the process of TBT-induced cell death in rat thymocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Oyama
- Laboratory of Cellular Signaling, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Minami-Jyozanjima 1-1, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
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Sakai K, Oyama Y, Okada Y, Akaike N, Nakata M, Chikahisa L. Tri-n-butyltin delays the cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide in rat thymocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2001; 10:95-101. [PMID: 21782563 DOI: 10.1016/s1382-6689(01)00074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2000] [Revised: 03/16/2001] [Accepted: 03/23/2001] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Tri-n-butyltin (TBT), one of environmental pollutants accumulated in mollusks, at nanomolar concentrations decreases cellular content of glutathione (GSH), suggesting that TBT increases cell vulnerability to oxidative stress because GSH has a role in catabolizing hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). In order to examine this possibility, the effect of tri-n-butyltin chloride (TBTCl) on rat thymocytes suffering from oxidative stress induced by H(2)O(2) was examined using a flow cytometer with four fluorescent probes; ethidium bromide, 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate, 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate and annexin-V-FITC. TBTCl at concentrations ranging from 100 nM to 1 μM attenuated H(2)O(2)-induced decrease in cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. It was unlikely that TBTCl reduced H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress because TBTCl failed to affect H(2)O(2)-induced oxidation of intracellular molecule (2',7'-dichlorofluorescin) and H(2)O(2)-induced decrease in cellular content of GSH. Results suggest that TBTCl may inhibit the pathway of cell death induced by H(2)O(2) or that TBTCl may induce a protective substance against the oxidative stress produced by H(2)O(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sakai
- Laboratory of Cellular Signaling, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Minami-Jyozanjima 1-1, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
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Ahmed RS, Seth V, Pasha ST, Banerjee BD. Influence of dietary ginger (Zingiber officinales Rosc) on oxidative stress induced by malathion in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2000; 38:443-50. [PMID: 10762730 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(00)00019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pesticide chemicals may induce oxidative stress leading to generation of free radicals and alterations in antioxidants or oxygen free radical (OFR) scavenging enzymes. Hence, the effect of subchronic malathion (O,O-dimethyl-S-1,2, bis ethoxy carbonyl ethyl phosphorodithioate) exposure was evaluated on lipid peroxidation, glutathione and related enzymes and OFR scavenging enzymes in albino rats. Administration of malathion (20 ppm) for 4 weeks increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in serum, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in erythrocytes and glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in serum. However, it decreased the glutathione (GSH) level in whole blood. Concomitant dietary feeding of Zingiber officinales Rosc (ginger 1%, w/w) significantly attenuated malathion induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in these rats. These results indicate the possible involvement of free radicals in organophosphate-induced toxicity and highlight the protective action of ginger, an indigenous medicinal plant product.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, University of Delhi, Shahdara, Delhi, India
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Masuda T, Yonemori S, Oyama Y, Takeda Y, Tanaka T, Andoh T, Shinohara A, Nakata M. Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of environmental plants: activity of the leaf extracts from seashore plants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 1999; 47:1749-1754. [PMID: 10564049 DOI: 10.1021/jf980864s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant activity of the methanolic extracts of the leaves of 39 plant species was examined. These leaves were collected from the plants growing on subtropical seashores. The activity was evaluated by three kinds of assay methods, which included the DPPH radical scavenging assay, linoleic acid oxidation assay, and oxidative cell death assay. Two extracts from Excoecaria agallocha and Terminalia catappa showed remarkably potent activity in all assay systems. The HPLC analysis of the extracts indicated the presence of the same antioxidant and isolation work for the compound identified ellagic acid. The isolated ellagic acid showed strong antioxidant activity in the assay systems used.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Masuda
- Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, University of Tokushima, Japan.
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Oyama Y, Masuda T, Nakata M, Chikahisa L, Yamazaki Y, Miura K, Okagawa M. Protective actions of 5'-n-alkylated curcumins on living cells suffering from oxidative stress. Eur J Pharmacol 1998; 360:65-71. [PMID: 9845274 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the roles of 5'-n-alkyl chains of curcumin derivatives in their protective actions on cells against oxidative stress, we compared the efficacy of curcumin and 5'-alkylated curcumins to inhibit the peroxidation of linoleic acid and to protect rat thymocytes suffering from H2O2-induced oxidative stress with their permeation into cells. The inhibitory action of 5'-n-alkylated curcumins on lipid peroxidation increased as the length of hydrocarbon chains of 5'-n-alkylated curcumins was prolonged. This potency order was not confirmed for the protective actions of 5'-n-alkylated curcumins on cells against oxidative stress. Among 5'-alkylated curcumins, the most potent protective action was observed for 5'-n-C3H7-curcumin because it had the greatest permeation into the cells. Further increases in the length of hydrocarbon chains (up to n-C19H39) of 5'-n-alkylated curcumins greatly attenuated their protective actions by reducing their permeation into the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Oyama
- Laboratory of Cellular Signaling, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Japan.
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