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Zhu C, Liu N, Tian M, Ma L, Yang J, Lan X, Ma H, Niu J, Yu J. Effects of alkaloids on peripheral neuropathic pain: a review. Chin Med 2020; 15:106. [PMID: 33024448 PMCID: PMC7532100 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00387-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a debilitating pathological pain condition with a great therapeutic challenge in clinical practice. Currently used analgesics produce deleterious side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate alternative medicines for neuropathic pain. Chinese herbal medicines have been widely used in treating intractable pain. Compelling evidence revealed that the bioactive alkaloids of Chinese herbal medicines stand out in developing novel drugs for neuropathic pain due to multiple targets and satisfactory efficacy. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the research of analgesic effects of 20 alkaloids components for peripheral neuropathic pain and highlight the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. We also point out the opportunities and challenges of the current studies and shed light on further in-depth pharmacological and toxicological studies of these bioactive alkaloids. In conclusion, the alkaloids hold broad prospects and have the potentials to be novel drugs for treating neuropathic pain. This review provides a theoretical basis for further applying some alkaloids in clinical trials and developing new drugs of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, No. 692 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Lin Ma
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Jiamei Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, No. 692 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Xiaobing Lan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, No. 692 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Hanxiang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Jianguo Niu
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, No. 692 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
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Li TF, Wu HY, Wang YR, Li XY, Wang YX. Molecular signaling underlying bulleyaconitine A (BAA)-induced microglial expression of prodynorphin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45056. [PMID: 28327597 PMCID: PMC5361206 DOI: 10.1038/srep45056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bulleyaconitine (BAA) has been shown to possess antinociceptive activities by stimulation of dynorphin A release from spinal microglia. This study investigated its underlying signal transduction mechanisms. The data showed that (1) BAA treatment induced phosphorylation of CREB (rather than NF-κB) and prodynorphin expression in cultured primary microglia, and antiallodynia in neuropathy, which were totally inhibited by the CREB inhibitor KG-501; (2) BAA upregulated phosphorylation of p38 (but not ERK or JNK), and the p38 inhibitor SB203580 (but not ERK or JNK inhibitor) and p38β gene silencer siRNA/p38β (but not siRNA/p38α) completely blocked BAA-induced p38 phosphorylation and/or prodynorphin expression, and antiallodynia; (3) BAA stimulated cAMP production and PKA phosphorylation, and the adenylate cyclase inhibitor DDA and PKA inhibitor H-89 entirely antagonized BAA-induced prodynorphin expression and antiallodynia; (4) The Gs-protein inhibitor NF449 completely inhibited BAA-increased cAMP level, prodynorphin expression and antiallodynia, whereas the antagonists of noradrenergic, corticotrophin-releasing factor, A1 adenosine, formyl peptide, D1/D2 dopamine, and glucagon like-peptide-1 receptors failed to block BAA-induced antiallodynia. The data indicate that BAA-induced microglial expression of prodynorphin is mediated by activation of the cAMP-PKA-p38β-CREB signaling pathway, suggesting that its possible target is a Gs-protein-coupled receptor - "aconitine receptor", although the chemical identity is not illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Fei Li
- King’s Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hai-Yun Wu
- King’s Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yi-Rui Wang
- King’s Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xin-Yan Li
- King’s Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Wang
- King’s Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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Li TF, Gong N, Wang YX. Ester Hydrolysis Differentially Reduces Aconitine-Induced Anti-hypersensitivity and Acute Neurotoxicity: Involvement of Spinal Microglial Dynorphin Expression and Implications for Aconitum Processing. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:367. [PMID: 27761113 PMCID: PMC5051147 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aconitines, including bulleyaconitine A, probably the most bioactive and abundant alkaloids in Aconitum plant, are a group of diester C19-diterpenoid alkaloids with one acetylester group attached to C8 of the diterpenoid skeleton and one benzoylester group to C14. Hydrolysis of both groups is involved in the processing of Aconitum, a traditional Chinese medicinal approach. We recently demonstrated that bulleyaconitine A produced anti-hypersensitivity, which was mediated by stimulation of spinal microglial dynorphin A expression. This study aimed to elucidate whether the acetylester and benzoylester groups are involved in aconitine-induced dynorphin A expression, anti-hypersensitivity, neurotoxicity in neuropathic rats. Intrathecal administration of aconitine and benzoylaconine (but not aconine) attenuated mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia, with normalized ED50 values of 35 pmol and 3.6 nmol, respectively. Aconitine and benzoylaconine anti-allodynia was completely blocked by the microglial inhibitor, dynorphin A antiserum, and κ-opioid receptor antagonist. Aconitine and benzoylaconine, but not aconine, stimulated dynorphin A expression in cultured primary spinal microglia, with EC50 values of 32 nM and 3 μM, respectively. Intrathecal aconitine, benzoylaconine and aconine induced flaccid paralysis and death, with normalized TD50 values of 0.5 nmol, 0.2 μmol, and 1.6 μmol, respectively. The TD50/ED50 ratios of aconitine and benzolyaconine were 14:1 and 56:1. Our results suggest that both the C8-acetyl and C14-benzoyl groups are essential for aconitine to stimulate spinal microglial dynorphin A expression and subsequent anti-hypersensitivity, which can be separated from neurotoxicity, because both benzoylaconine and aconine differentially produced anti-hypersensitivity and neurotoxicity due to their different stimulatory ability on dynorphin A expression. Our results support the scientific rationale for Aconitum processing, but caution should be taken to avoid overprocessing and excess hydrolysis of benzolyaconine to aconine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Fei Li
- King's Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy Shanghai, China
| | - Nian Gong
- King's Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Wang
- King's Lab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy Shanghai, China
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Ohbuchi K, Miyagi C, Suzuki Y, Mizuhara Y, Mizuno K, Omiya Y, Yamamoto M, Warabi E, Sudo Y, Yokoyama A, Miyano K, Hirokawa T, Uezono Y. Ignavine: a novel allosteric modulator of the μ opioid receptor. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31748. [PMID: 27530869 PMCID: PMC4987652 DOI: 10.1038/srep31748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Processed Aconiti tuber (PAT) is used to treat pain associated with various disorders. Although it has been demonstrated that the κ opioid receptor (KOR) signaling pathway is a mediator of the analgesic effect of PAT, active components affecting opioid signaling have not yet been identified. In this study, we explored candidate components of PAT by pharmacokinetic analysis and identified ignavine, which is a different structure from aconitine alkaloids. A receptor binding assay of opioid receptors showed that ignavine specifically binds the μ opioid receptor (MOR), not the KOR. Receptor internalization assay in MOR-expressing cell lines revealed that ignavine augmented the responses produced by D-Ala(2)-N-Me-Phe(4)-Gly-ol(5)-enkephalin (DAMGO), a representative MOR agonist, at a low concentration and inhibited it at a higher concentration. Ignavine also exerted positive modulatory activity for DAMGO, endomorphin-1 and morphine in cAMP assay. Additionally, ignavine alone showed an analgesic effect in vivo. In silico simulation analysis suggested that ignavine would induce a unique structural change distinguished from those induced by a representative MOR agonist and antagonist. These data collectively suggest the possibility that ignavine could be a novel allosteric modulator of the MOR. The present results may open the way for the development of a novel pain management strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Ohbuchi
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura and Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Chika Miyagi
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura and Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Suzuki
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura and Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Mizuhara
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura and Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
| | - Keita Mizuno
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura and Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
| | - Yuji Omiya
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura and Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura and Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
| | - Eiji Warabi
- Environmental Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuka Sudo
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Akinobu Yokoyama
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Kanako Miyano
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Hirokawa
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, AIST Tokyo Waterfront Bio-IT Research Building 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
- Dicision of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Division of Cancer Pathophysiology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Division of Supportive Care Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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Li TF, Fan H, Wang YX. Aconitum-Derived Bulleyaconitine A Exhibits Antihypersensitivity Through Direct Stimulating Dynorphin A Expression in Spinal Microglia. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2016; 17:530-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Higuchi H, Yamamoto S, Ushio S, Kawashiri T, Egashira N. Goshajinkigan reduces bortezomib-induced mechanical allodynia in rats: Possible involvement of kappa opioid receptor. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 129:196-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Wang C, Sun D, Liu C, Zhu C, Jing X, Chen S, Liu C, Zhi K, Xu T, Wang H, Liu J, Xu Y, Liu Z, Lin N. Mother root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux exerts antinociceptive effect in Complet Freund's Adjuvant-induced mice: roles of dynorpin/kappa-opioid system and transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 ion channel. J Transl Med 2015; 13:284. [PMID: 26320055 PMCID: PMC4553211 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0636-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Processed Chuanwu (PCW), the mother root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeauxv, has been widely used as a classic Traditional Chinese Medicine for pain relieve for over two millennia clinically. However, its action on chronic inflammatory pain has not been clarified. Here, we investigated the antinociceptive effect of PCW in complete freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced mice and its possible mechanisms associated with opioid system and TRPV1 ion channel. METHODS Male ICR mice were intraplantarly injected with CFA. PCW (0.34, 0.68 and 1.35 g/kg) was orally given to mice once a day for 7 days. Von frey hairs and planter test were assessed to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of PCW. To investigate the participation of dynorphin/opioid system in PCW antinociception, subtype-specific opioid receptor antagonists or anti-dynorphin A antiserum were used. To eliminate other central mechanisms that contribute to PCW antinociception, hot plate (50 °C) test were performed. Further, involvements of TRPV1 in PCW antinociception were evaluated in CFA-induced TRPV1(-/-) and TRPV1(+/+) C57BL/6 male mice, and in capsaicin-induced nociception ICR naive mice pretreated with nor-BNI. Meanwhile, calcium imaging was performed in HEK293T-TRPV1 cells. Finally, rotarod, open-field tests and body temperature measurement were carried out to assess side effects of PCW. RESULTS PCW dose-dependently attenuated mechanical and heat hypersensitivities with no tolerance, which could be partially attenuated by coadministration of k-opioid receptor antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI) or anti-dynorphin A (1-13) antiserum. And PCW antinociception was totally erased by pretreatment with nor-BNI in the hot plate test. In addition, PCW antinociception was decreased in TRPV1(-/-) mice compared to TRPV1(+/+) group. And PCW still manifested inhibitory effects in capsaicin-induced nociception with nor-BNI pretreatment. PCW significantly inhibited capsaicin-induced calcium influx in HEK293T-TRPV1 cells. Finally, no detectable side effects were found in naive mice treated with PCW. CONCLUSIONS This study shows PCW's potent antinociceptive effect in inflammatory conditions without obvious side effects. This effect may result from the activation of κ-opioid receptor via dynorpin release and the inhibition of TRPV1. These findings indicate that PCW might be a potential agent for the management of chronic inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Danni Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Chunfang Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Chunyan Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Xianghong Jing
- Institute Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Shuping Chen
- Institute Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Cuiling Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Kai Zhi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Tengfei Xu
- National Center for Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin province Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry and Chemical Biology Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Junling Liu
- Institute Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Ying Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- National Center for Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin province Key Laboratory for Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry and Chemical Biology Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China.
| | - Na Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Kono T, Hata T, Morita S, Munemoto Y, Matsui T, Kojima H, Takemoto H, Fukunaga M, Nagata N, Shimada M, Sakamoto J, Mishima H. Goshajinkigan oxaliplatin neurotoxicity evaluation (GONE): a phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double‑blind, placebo‑controlled trial of goshajinkigan to prevent oxaliplatin‑induced neuropathy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 72:1283-90. [PMID: 24121454 PMCID: PMC3834178 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-013-2306-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (OPN) is frequent and potentially severe, but successful treatment of this condition is still an unmet clinical need. We aimed to determine whether treatment with goshajinkigan (TJ-107), a traditional Japanese medicine, is better than placebo in preventing OPN in patients with advanced or recurrent colorectal cancer patients treated with standard FOLFOX regimens. METHODS In this phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, patients undergoing oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy were randomized to receive either oral TJ-107 (7.5 g) or matching placebo daily. The severity of OPN was assessed according to the Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events at baseline, every 2 weeks until the 8th cycle, and every 4 weeks thereafter until the 26th week. The primary endpoint was the incidence of grade 2 or greater OPN until the 8th cycle of chemotherapy. RESULTS Analyses were done by intention to treat. Eighty-nine patients were randomly assigned to receive either TJ-107 (n = 44) or placebo (n = 45) between May 2009 and March 2010. The incidence of grade 2 or greater OPN until the 8th cycle was 39 and 51 % in the TJ-107 and placebo groups, respectively (relative risk (RR), 0.76; 95 % CI, 0.47–1.21). The incidence of grade 3 OPN was 7 % (TJ-107) vs. 13 % (placebo) (0.51, 0.14–1.92). No concerns regarding toxicity emerged with TJ-107 treatment. CONCLUSIONS TJ-107 appears to have an acceptable safety margin and a promising effect in delaying the onset of grade 2 or greater OPN without impairing FOLFOX efficacy.
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Quintans JSS, Antoniolli AR, Almeida JRGS, Santana-Filho VJ, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Natural products evaluated in neuropathic pain models - a systematic review. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2013; 114:442-50. [PMID: 24252102 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain conditions, such as neuropathic pain, are a common problem that poses a major challenge to health-care providers due to its complex natural history, unclear aetiology and poor response towards therapy. Despite the large number of drugs available, the adherence is limited by the large range of side effects and pharmacological ineffectiveness. Thus, the search for new chemical entities that can act as promising molecules to treat chronic pain conditions has emerged. The natural products remain as the most promising sources of new chemical entities with applicability for the medical approach. Hence, we performed a systematic review analysing pre-clinical studies shown to be promising in a possible applicability in neuropathic pain. The search terms neuropathic pain, phytotherapy and medicinal plants were used to retrieve English language articles in LILACS, PUBMED and EMBASE published until 10 April 2013. From a total of 1529 articles surveyed, 28 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria established. The main chemical compounds studied were flavonoids (28%), terpenes (17%), alkaloids (14%), phenols (10%), carotenoids (10%) and others (21%). The mostly described animal models for the study of neuropathic pain included were chronic constriction injury (CCI - 32%), partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL - 28%), streptozotocin - induced diabetic (28%), alcoholic neuropathy (3.5%), sodium monoiodoacetate (MIA - 3.5%) and neuropathic pain induced by paclitaxel (3.5%). The opioids, serotonergic and cannabinoid systems are suggested as the most promising targets for the natural products described. Therefore, the data reviewed here suggest that these compounds are possible candidates for the treatment of chronic painful conditions, such as neuropathic pain.
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Jones MV, Nguyen TT, Ewaleifoh O, Lebson L, Whartenby KA, Griffin JW, Calabresi PA. Accelerated axon loss in MOG35-55 experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in myelin-associated glycoprotein-deficient (MAGKO) mice. J Neuroimmunol 2013; 262:53-61. [PMID: 23899666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) expressed by oligodendrocytes promotes the stability of axons but also impedes neural repair by inhibiting axon extension through lesioned white matter. We previously reported exacerbated axon losses in MAGKO as compared to wild type mice, 30days into experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE). Here, we report the time course of axon losses in EAE and show this occurs as early as 7days post-immunization, confirming MAG is protective against immune-mediated axon transection events. MAGKO mice also exhibit increased microglial activation prior to EAE, which is not seen in B4galnt1KO mice that also have axon loss, suggesting that the microglial activation may be a consequence of the loss of MAG inhibitory influence, and not a simple result of axonal degeneration.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Axons/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/chemically induced
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Female
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Congenic
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Microglia/metabolism
- Microglia/pathology
- Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein/deficiency
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina V Jones
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Neurology, Room 625, 600N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore 21287, MD, USA
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Nakanishi M, Arimitsu J, Kageyama M, Otsuka S, Inoue T, Nishida S, Yoshikawa H, Kishida Y. Efficacy of traditional Japanese herbal medicines-Keishikajutsubuto (TJ-18) and Bushi-matsu (TJ-3022)-against postherpetic neuralgia aggravated by self-reported cold stimulation: a case series. J Altern Complement Med 2012; 18:686-92. [PMID: 22830970 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2010.0745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been reported that postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in patients over 60 years of age is aggravated under cold stimulation and is often difficult to treat. Keishikajutsubuto (TJ-18) and Bushi-matsu (TJ-3022) are traditional Japanese herbal medicines and have long been used to treat neuralgia and arthralgia, which are aggravated following cold stimulation. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of combined TJ-18 and TJ-3022 therapy in cases of PHN aggravated by self-reported cold stimulation. DESIGN Fifteen (15) PHN patients aged 60 years and over were examined. Patients were aware of the persistent pain despite other treatments; pain was generally aggravated following exposure to cold stimulation. First, TJ-18 (7.5 g/day) was administered to patients, and then TJ-3022 (1.0 g/day) was also administered and progressively increased by 0.5-1.0 g increments every 2-4 weeks, until stable improvement was achieved, which was rated using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Analgesic effects were evaluated using the VAS during each patient visit. OUTCOME MEASURES Background variables, responses to treatment (time course of VAS rating, VAS improvement rate), the amount of additional TJ-3022 administered, and adverse reactions were analyzed. RESULTS Twelve (12) of the 15 patients completed the entire trial. Patient ages were 61-85 years, the male-to-female ratio was 4:8, and length of time after onset of herpes zoster was 2-92 months. In 3 patients, oral TJ-18 treatment was not possible due to hot flash or gastric discomfort. The VAS improvement rate for patients being orally administered both TJ-18 and TJ-3022 was 76.5±27.7% (mean±standard deviation). The additional TJ-3022 dose was 1.0-5.0 g/day. Twelve (12) patients have been treated without serious adverse reactions. CONCLUSIONS TJ-18 and TJ-3022 combination treatment is a promising means of treating intractable PHN, which has a self-reported tendency to aggravate pain under cold stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Nakanishi
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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12
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Wu G, Huang W, Zhang H, Li Q, Zhou J, Shu H. Inhibitory effects of processed Aconiti tuber on morphine-induced conditioned place preference in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 136:254-259. [PMID: 21549821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Our previous studies indicated that processed Aconiti tuber (PAT), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, had antinociceptive effects and inhibitory effects on morphine tolerance by activation of kappa-opioid receptor (KOR). Preclinical studies also demonstrated that KOR agonists functionally attenuate addictive behaviors of morphine, such as conditioned place preference (CPP). Therefore, we hypothesize that PAT may inhibit morphine-induced CPP in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS (1) Five groups of rats (n=8 for each group) were alternately subcutaneous (s.c.) injected with morphine 10mg/kg (one group receive normal saline as a control) and normal saline for 8 days and oral co-administrated with distilled water or PAT 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 g/kg daily on days 2-9 during CPP training, respectively. (2) Other four groups of rats were randomly s.c. injected with nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI; 5mg/kg) or normal saline (as a control) 120 min before alternately s.c. with morphine and normal saline and oral co-administrated with distilled water or PAT 3.0 g/kg daily. Each rat was acquired pre-conditioning and post-conditioning CPP data and assayed dynorphin concentrations by radioimmunoassay in rat's nucleus accumbens (NAc) after CPP training. RESULTS (1) PAT 1.0 or 3.0 g/kg dose-dependently decreased the morphine-induced increase of CPP scores. (2) Nor-BNI completely antagonized the inhibition of PAT on morphine-induced CPP. (3) PAT dose-dependently increased dynorphin content in rats' NAc after CPP training. CONCLUSIONS (1) PAT dose-dependently inhibited morphine-induced CPP. (2) The inhibition of PAT on morphine-induced CPP was probably due to activation of KOR by increasing dynorphin release in rats' NAc.
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MESH Headings
- Aconitum
- Animals
- Behavior, Addictive/drug therapy
- Behavior, Addictive/metabolism
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Conditioning, Operant/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Tolerance
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
- Dynorphins/metabolism
- Male
- Morphine Dependence/drug therapy
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/therapeutic use
- Nucleus Accumbens/drug effects
- Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism
- Phytotherapy
- Plant Tubers
- Random Allocation
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/agonists
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
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13
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Inhibitory effect of low-dose pentazocine on the development of antinociceptive tolerance to morphine. J Anesth 2009; 23:99-107. [DOI: 10.1007/s00540-008-0697-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Ryu MS, Lim HH, Song YK, Lee HJ, Seo JH, Lee MH, Shin MS, Kim CJ. Effects of Herbal Bath "HAC" on Functional Recovery and c-Fos Expression in the Ventrolateral Periaqueductal Gray Region after Sciatic Crushed Nerve Injury in Rats. Exp Neurobiol 2009. [DOI: 10.5607/en.2009.18.2.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Sang Ryu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyungwon University, Sungnam 461-701, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ho Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyungwon University, Sungnam 461-701, Korea
| | - Yun-Kyung Song
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyungwon University, Sungnam 461-701, Korea
| | - Hye-Jung Lee
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Seo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Myoung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Mal-Soon Shin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Chang-Ju Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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15
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Shu H, Hayashida M, Arita H, Huang W, Xiao L, Chiba S, Sekiyama H, Hanaoka K. High doses of processed Aconiti tuber inhibit the acute but potentiate the chronic antinociception of morphine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 119:276-283. [PMID: 18687394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Revised: 06/07/2008] [Accepted: 07/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we investigated the effects of processed Aconiti tuber (PAT), an oriental herbal medicine, at analgesic doses on acute morphine antinociception in morphine-naïve mice and morphine tolerance in morphine-tolerant mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS In acute experiments, mice received subcutaneous (s.c.) morphine (2, 5, or 10 mg/kg) and oral distilled water or PAT (0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 g/kg). The mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT) and thermal nociceptive latency (TNL) were measured with the tail pressure test and tail flick test, respectively, before, and at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after s.c. morphine injection. In chronic experiments, mice received s.c. morphine (10 mg/kg) and oral distilled water or PAT (0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 g/kg) once daily for 11 days. MNT was measured before, and at 60 min after, and TNL was measured before, and at 30 min after, daily morphine injections on days 1-11. RESULTS PAT at analgesic doses inhibited the acute antinociceptive effect of morphine dose-dependently in morphine-naïve mice. In contrast, PAT at analgesic doses potentiated the chronic antinociceptive effect of morphine dose-dependently by inhibiting the development of morphine tolerance dose-dependently. These effects of PAT on acute and chronic morphine antinociception were mediated through activation of kappa-opioid receptors. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that chronic co-administration of PAT at analgesic doses with morphine could provide better-maintained morphine analgesia in a long-term morphine treatment after initial inhibition of acute morphine antinociception for a brief period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
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16
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Shu H, Hayashida M, Huang W, An K, Chiba S, Hanaoka K, Arita H. The comparison of effects of processed Aconiti tuber, U50488H and MK-801 on the antinociceptive tolerance to morphine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 117:158-165. [PMID: 18328652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2007] [Revised: 12/17/2007] [Accepted: 01/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In the previous studies, we demonstrated that an oriental herbal medicine, processed Aconiti tuber (PAT), at subanalgesic doses could inhibit or reverse the antinociceptive tolerance to morphine. In the present study, we compared the effect of PAT, trans-(+/-)-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidin)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide methane sulfonate hydrate (U50488H), a selective kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, and (-)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine-maleate (MK-801), a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, on the antinociceptive tolerance to morphine in the same experimental condition. Mice received subcutaneous morphine (10 mg/kg), and oral PAT at a subanalgesic dose (0.3 g/kg for mechanical or 1.0 g/kg for thermal test), or intraperitoneal U50488H at a subanalgesic dose (3 mg/kg), or MK-801 at a subanalgesic dose (0.1 mg/kg) once daily for 14 days. The mechanical nociceptive threshold was measured before, and at 60 min by tail pressure testing, and thermal nociceptive latency was measured before, and at 30 min by hot plate testing, after daily morphine injections. PAT and U50488H could not only inhibit the development of morphine tolerance but also reverse the already-developed morphine tolerance, while MK-801 could only inhibit the development of morphine tolerance but not reverse the already-developed morphine tolerance, in both mechanical and thermal nociceptive tests. These data suggested that PAT, an indirect-acting KOR agonist, share the common pharmacological property of KOR agonists on morphine tolerance, and that PAT may be superior to some NMDA receptor antagonists which do not reverse already-developed morphine tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58# Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
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17
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Shu H, Hayashida M, Chiba S, Sekiyama H, Kitamura T, Yamada Y, Hanaoka K, Arita H. Inhibitory effect of processed Aconiti tuber on the development of antinociceptive tolerance to morphine: evaluation with a thermal assay. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 113:560-3. [PMID: 17719732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2006] [Revised: 06/01/2007] [Accepted: 07/02/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In the previous studies, we demonstrated that an oriental herbal medicine processed Aconiti tuber (PAT) at subanalgesic doses could inhibit the development of mechanical antinociceptive tolerance to morphine using the tail pressure test. In the present study, we evaluated whether PAT could inhibit thermal antinociceptive tolerance to morphine using the high temperature (55 degrees C) hot plate test. Mice received subcutaneous morphine (10mg/kg), and oral PAT at doses that did not inhibit the hot plate response (0.3, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg), once daily for 14 days. The thermal nociceptive latency was measured at 30 min after daily morphine injections. Compared with placebo, oral PAT partially and dose-dependently inhibited the development of morphine tolerance in morphine-naïve mice, and reversed already-developed morphine tolerance in morphine-tolerant mice. These data suggested that PAT at subanalgesic doses could dose-dependently inhibit and reverse thermal antinociceptive tolerance to morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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18
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Shu H, Arita H, Hayashida M, Chiba S, Sekiyama H, Hanaoka K. Inhibition of morphine tolerance by processed Aconiti tuber is mediated by kappa-opioid receptors. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 106:263-71. [PMID: 16446067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2005] [Revised: 12/26/2005] [Accepted: 01/02/2006] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we found that processed Aconiti tuber (PAT) could inhibit morphine tolerance in mice. In the present study, we investigated mechanisms underlying this effect. Mice received subcutaneous (s.c.) morphine (10 mg/kg) and oral PAT at a subanalgesic dose (0.3 g/kg), once a day for 12 days. Additional PAT-treated groups received morphine and PAT, at 120 min after pretreatment with s.c. clocinnamox mesylate (C-CAM) (0.5 mg/kg), or nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI) (5 mg/kg). The antinociceptive effect was assessed with the tail pressure test, at 60 min after the daily s.c. morphine injections were given. In the placebo-treated group, repeated morphine injections caused morphine tolerance, and morphine antinociception was abolished by day 6, whereas in PAT-treated groups, significant antinociception was maintained until day 12, suggesting that PAT inhibited morphine tolerance, thereby sustaining morphine antinociception. C-CAM, a selective mu-opioid receptor (MOR) antagonist, blocked morphine antinociception whereas nor-BNI, a selective kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist, did not. However, both C-CAM and nor-BNI could block the antinociception maintained by the morphine-PAT combination. Results of the study suggested that chronic treatment with PAT at a subanalgesic dose maintained MOR-mediated morphine antinociception by attenuating development of morphine tolerance, and that this tolerance-attenuating effect of PAT was mediated by KOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Surgical Center Research Hospital, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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19
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Shu H, Arita H, Hayashida M, Sekiyama H, Hanaoka K. Effects of processed Aconiti tuber and its ingredient alkaloids on the development of antinociceptive tolerance to morphine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 103:398-405. [PMID: 16169697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2005] [Revised: 07/04/2005] [Accepted: 08/16/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Processed Aconiti tuber (PAT) is a herbal medicine that has been widely used as an analgesic since ancient times. We investigated effects of subanalgesic doses of PAT on morphine tolerance in mice. Mice received subcutaneous morphine (10 mg/kg) and oral PAT at subanalgesic doses (0.1 or 0.3 g/kg), once a day for 7 days. Mechanical nociceptive thresholds were measured using the tail pressure test, at 60 min after the daily s.c. morphine injections. In the placebo-treated group, repeated administration of s.c. morphine resulted in development of analgesic tolerance. In the PAT-treated groups, oral PAT attenuated morphine tolerance, dose-dependently. The main ingredient alkaloid of PAT causing its tolerance-attenuating activity was mesaconitine, but other ingredient alkaloids, such as aconitine and hypaconitine, also contributed to this activity. In addition, repeated treatment with PAT could reverse already-developed morphine tolerance. Subanalgesic doses of oral PAT thus can attenuate and reverse morphine tolerance in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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20
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Xu H, Arita H, Hayashida M, Zhang L, Sekiyama H, Hanaoka K. Pain-relieving effects of processed Aconiti tuber in CCI-neuropathic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 103:392-7. [PMID: 16183224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2005] [Revised: 07/04/2005] [Accepted: 08/16/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is often refractory to conventional pain therapies and thus requires exploration of effective drugs. We evaluated if processed Aconiti tuber (PAT), a traditional oriental herbal medicine that has been used as an analgesic, relieves neuropathic pain in the rat chronic constriction injury (CCI) model. Ten to 14 days after CCI in the right hind paw, six groups of rats received oral placebo, or PAT at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, or 5 g/kg. Additional groups received oral PAT, 2 g/kg, after pretreatment with intraperitoneal naloxone; intraperitoneal nor-binaltorphimine (norBNI); or intrathecal norBNI. As indicators of mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, the pressure threshold of paw withdrawal (PWT) in response to linearly increasing pressure, and latency to paw withdrawal (PWL) in response to radiant heat, were measured before and after drug administration. Oral PAT dose-dependently increased PWT and PWL, which had been decreased due to CCI. The increases in PWT and PWL by oral PAT were inhibited by intraperitoneal and intrathecal norBNI: a selective kappa-opioid receptor antagonist, but not by intraperitoneal naloxone. These results indicate that oral PAT can alleviate mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, dose-dependently, via spinal kappa-opioid receptor mechanisms in a rat CCI neuropathic pain model.
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MESH Headings
- Aconitum
- Analgesics/pharmacology
- Analgesics/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Injections, Spinal
- Male
- Naltrexone/administration & dosage
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Pain Measurement
- Pain Threshold/drug effects
- Plant Tubers
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Sciatic Nerve/surgery
- Sciatica/drug therapy
- Sciatica/etiology
- Sciatica/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmeng Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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21
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Yamada K, Suzuki E, Nakaki T, Watanabe S, Kanba S. Aconiti tuber increases plasma nitrite and nitrate levels in humans. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 96:165-169. [PMID: 15588666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2003] [Revised: 07/31/2004] [Accepted: 09/02/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Some herbal medicines, including Aconiti tuber (Aconitum carmichaeli Debeaux, Ranunculaceae), have been recognized as being effective for the treatment of a "peripheral uncomfortable feeling of cold (hie)". We hypothesized that these compounds affect peripheral vascular function via the nitric oxide (NO) system, which leads to recovery from "hie". To answer this question, we investigated Aconiti tuber-induced changes in plasma levels of nitrite (p-NO2-) and nitrate (p-NO3-), final nitric oxide-oxidation products measurable in vivo. After written informed consent was obtained, patients suffering from "hie" were treated with several kinds of kampo (Japanese traditional herbal medicine), selected on the basis of traditional theory. Twenty-four patients took kampo formulas, some included Aconiti tuber (n=11; A-group) and others did not (n=13; C-group), for 4 weeks. p-NO2- and p-NO3- levels were measured before the start and after 4 weeks of treatment. In the A-group, the p-NO2- plus p-NO3- (p-NOx) level was significantly increased at 4 weeks (p=0.04), while that of the C-group was not. There was a statistically significant increase in the p-NOx level of the A-group as compared to the C-group (d.f.=1,22, F=9.38, p=0.006). The results suggest that Aconiti tuber may increase NO production in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Yamada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Yamanashi, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, 1110 Shimogato, Tamaho-cho, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
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22
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Gotoh A, Goto K, Sengoku A, Shirakawa T, Akao Y, Fujisawa M, Okada H, Arakawa S, Kamidono S. Inhibition Mechanism of Gosha-jinki-gan on the Micturition Reflex in Rats. J Pharmacol Sci 2004; 96:115-23. [PMID: 15502402 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.fpj03098x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the actions of Gosha-jinki-gan, a traditional Japanese medicine containing processed Aconiti tubers, on urinary bladder function in anesthetized rats. In cystometrical investigations, Gosha-jinki-gan (1.0 g/kg, i.d.) increased bladder capacity as well as micturition threshold pressure. In addition, it decreased the frequency of distension-induced rhythmic bladder contractions. However, it did not influence the amplitude of bladder contractions induced by electrical stimulation of the pontine micturition center. The inhibitory effect of Gosha-jinki-gan on bladder motility was abolished by pretreatment with nor-binaltorphimine (10 mg/kg, s.c.), and was diminished by the concomitant use of anti-dynorphin A antiserum (10 microg, i.t.), yohimbine (10 microg, i.t.), or methysergide (20 microg, i.t.). Processed Aconiti tuber extract (27 mg/kg, i.d.) also suppressed bladder motility, and the effect was abolished by nor-binaltorphimine. These results suggest that Gosha-jinki-gan attenuates bladder sensation via the kappa-opioid receptor-stimulating action of processed Aconiti tuber. Gosha-jinki-gan may be a useful anti-pollakiuria agent that does not influence bladder contractility at micturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinobu Gotoh
- Division of Urology, Department of Organs Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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23
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Gotoh A, Goto K, Sengoku A, Shirakawa T, Akao Y, Fujisawa M, Okada H, Arakawa S, Sasaki H, Kamidono S. Inhibition of urinary bladder motility by a spinal action of U-50488H in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2002; 54:1645-50. [PMID: 12542894 DOI: 10.1211/002235702397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effect of a kappa agonist, U-50488H, upon the bladder motility of anaesthetized rats. The frequency of distension-induced rhythmic bladder contractions was reduced by the intravenous (10 mg kg(-1)) or intrathecal (10-100 microg) administration of U-50488H. The effect of intravenous U-50488H was inhibited by pre-treatment with nor-binaltorphimine (10 mg kg(-1), s.c.). The inhibition of bladder contractions by intrathecal U-50488H (30 microg) was eliminated with the concomitant use of nor-binaltorphimine (10 mg kg(-1), s.c.), and diminished by reserpine (4 mg kg(-1), i.p.), yohimbine (10 microg, i.t.) or methysergide (20 microg, i.t.). The amplitude of bladder contractions induced by an electrical stimulation of the pontine micturition centre was not inhibited by intrathecal U-50488H (30 and 100 microg). These results suggested that a kappa agonist could inhibit micturition reflex as well as other opioids, and at least part of the inhibition was due to the diminishment of bladder sensation based on the activation of the descending monoaminergic systems through the spinal kappa-opioid receptors.
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MESH Headings
- 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer/pharmacology
- Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/pharmacology
- Animals
- Area Under Curve
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Electric Stimulation
- Injections, Intravenous
- Injections, Spinal
- Male
- Methysergide/pharmacology
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth/physiology
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Pons/physiology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/agonists
- Reserpine/pharmacology
- Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology
- Stress, Mechanical
- Urinary Bladder/drug effects
- Urinary Bladder/physiology
- Urination/drug effects
- Yohimbine/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinobu Gotoh
- Division of Urology, Department of Organs Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.
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Omiya Y, Goto K, Ishige A, Komatsu Y. Changes in analgesia-producing mechanism of repeated cold stress loading in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2000; 65:261-6. [PMID: 10672978 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-3057(99)00215-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Functional changes in opioid receptors involved in analgesia of repeated cold stress (RCS)-loaded mice were investigated. The antinociceptive potency of morphine (4 mg/kg, PO) was not affected in normal mice by norbinaltorphimine (10 mg/kg, SC), but treatment with this agent resulted in a lower level of morphine-induced antinociception in RCS-loaded animals. The antinociceptive activity of U-50488H (3 mg/kg, SC) was increased in RCS-loaded mice. In contrast to hypersensitivity to U-50488H (1 and 10 microg, IT) noted in RCS-loaded mice, the antinociception induced by DAMGO (0.1 and 1 microg, ICV) was reduced compared to that of normal animals. Diazepam (1 mg/kg/day SC) was given during RCS loading, and this agent prevented the development of hyperalgesia and the decrease in the antinociceptive activity of DAMGO (1 microg, ICV) in RCS-loaded mice, but there was no effect on the enhancement of the antinociceptive potency of U-50488H (10 microg, IT). These results indicate that the RCS-loaded mice were hyposensitive to supraspinal mu-opioid receptor-mediated antinociception, whereas their antinociceptive activities through kappa-opioid receptor in the spinal cord were increased. Hypofunction of the supraspinal mu-opioid receptor due to anxiety may explain the mechanism involved in the lowering of the nociceptive threshold in RCS-loaded animals.
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MESH Headings
- 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer/pharmacology
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/pharmacology
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Anti-Anxiety Agents/pharmacology
- Anti-Anxiety Agents/therapeutic use
- Anxiety/drug therapy
- Anxiety/physiopathology
- Cold Temperature/adverse effects
- Diazepam/pharmacology
- Diazepam/therapeutic use
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice
- Morphine/pharmacology
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Pain Threshold/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/drug effects
- Stress, Physiological/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Omiya
- Kampo and Pharmacognosy Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
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