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Pharmacological properties and biochemical mechanisms of μ-opioid receptor ligands might be due to different binding poses: MD studies. Future Med Chem 2020; 12:2001-2018. [PMID: 32972243 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Central and peripheral analgesia without adverse effects relies on the identification of μ-opioid agonists that are able to activate 'basal' antinociceptive pathways. Recently developed μ-selective benzomorphan agonists that are not antagonized by naloxone do not activate G-proteins and β-arrestins. Which pathways do μ receptors activate? How can each of them be selectively activated? What role is played by allosteric binding sites? Methodology & results: Molecular modeling studies characterize the amino acid residues involved in the interaction with various classes of endogenous and exogenous ligands and with agonists and antagonists. Conclusions: Critical binding differences between various classes of agonists with different pharmacological profiles have been identified. MML series binding poses may be relevant in the search for an antinociception agent without side effects.
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Zhang Y, Stolz P, Shirachi D, Quock R. Reduced antinociceptive responsiveness to hyperbaric oxygen in opioid-tolerant mice. Eur J Pain 2014; 18:1032-9. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00448.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Zhang
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience and Graduate Program in Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine; Washington State University; Pullman USA
| | - P.A. Stolz
- Department of Psychology; Washington State University; Pullman USA
| | - D.Y. Shirachi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; University of the Pacific; Stockton USA
| | - R.M. Quock
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience and Graduate Program in Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine; Washington State University; Pullman USA
- Department of Psychology; Washington State University; Pullman USA
- Translational Addiction Research Center; Washington State University; Pullman USA
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Heeman JH, Zhang Y, Shirachi DY, Quock RM. Involvement of spinal cord opioid mechanisms in the acute antinociceptive effect of hyperbaric oxygen in mice. Brain Res 2013; 1540:42-7. [PMID: 24113418 PMCID: PMC3867933 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Earlier research has demonstrated that treatment with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) can elicit an antinociceptive response in models of acute pain. We have demonstrated that this antinociceptive effect is centrally-mediated and is dependent on opioid receptors. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of endogenous opioid peptides and opioid receptors specifically in the spinal cord in the acute antinociceptive effect of HBO2 in mice. Male NIH Swiss mice were exposed to HBO2 (100% oxygen at 3.5atm absolute) for 11min and their antinociceptive responsiveness was determined using the glacial acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction test. HBO2-induced antinociception was sensitive to antagonism by intrathecal (i.t.) pretreatment with the κ- and μ-selective opioid antagonists norbinaltorphimine and β-funaltrexamine, respectively, but not the δ-selective antagonist naltrindole. The antinociceptive effect of HBO2 was also significantly attenuated by i.t. pretreatment with a rabbit antiserum against rat dynorphin1-13 but not antisera against β-endorphin or methionine-enkephalin. Based on these experimental findings, the acute antinociceptive effect of HBO2 appears to involve neuronal release of dynorphin and activation of κ- and μ-opioid receptors in the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline H. Heeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Yangmiao Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Donald Y. Shirachi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Raymond M. Quock
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
- Translational Addiction Research Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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4
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Chizhmakov I, Yudin Y, Mamenko N, Prudnikov I, Tamarova Z, Krishtal O. Opioids inhibit purinergic nociceptors in the sensory neurons and fibres of rat via a G protein-dependent mechanism. Neuropharmacology 2005; 48:639-47. [PMID: 15814099 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2004.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2004] [Revised: 11/05/2004] [Accepted: 12/17/2004] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We have found that opioid and P2X receptors are functionally coupled in the sensory nerve fibres and neurons of rat. When examined in the skin-nerve preparation, the ATP-evoked discharges of nerve fibres belonging to n. saphenous were inhibited by various opiates in a naloxone-dependent manner. The functional coupling between opioid and purinergic receptors was studied in the neuronal cell bodies isolated from dorsal root and nodose ganglia. Both fast (mediated by P2X(3) receptors) and slow (P2X(2/3) heteromeric receptors) responses of sensory neurons to ATP were inhibited by opioids. The inhibition of slow responses developed in a characteristic biphasic manner: an initial short phase of potentiation (lasting for 300-400 s) was followed by long-lasting inhibition of the response (for about 50% when saturated). Both phases of the response were initiated by the application of the highly selective ligand for mu-receptors, endomorphin 1 (30 nM). Intracellular GTPgammaS caused a partial inhibition of the ATP responses and opioids were not effective against the residual response. Intracellular GDP eliminated the effects of opioids, while pertussis toxin (PTX) abolished only the inhibition phase. Thus, P2X receptors in the sensory neurons are affected by opioids via multiple G protein-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Chizhmakov
- Department of Cellular Membranology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kiev, Ukraine
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Ott D, Neldner Y, Cèbe R, Dodevski I, Plückthun A. Engineering and functional immobilization of opioid receptors. Protein Eng Des Sel 2005; 18:153-60. [PMID: 15790572 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzi012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioid receptors, like many G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are notoriously unstable in detergents. We have now developed a more stable variant of the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) and also a method for the immobilization of solubilized, functional opioid receptors on a solid phase (magnetic beads). Starting with the intrinsically more stable kappa-opioid receptor (KOR), we optimized the conditions (i.e. detergents and stabilizing ligands) for receptor extraction from lipid bilayers of HEK293T cells to obtain maximal amounts of functional, immobilized receptor. After immobilization, the ligand binding profile remains the same as observed for the membrane-embedded receptor. For the immobilized wild-type mu-opioid receptor, however, no conditions were found under which ligand binding capacity was retained. To solve this problem, we engineered the receptor chimera KKM where the N-terminus and the first transmembrane helix (TM1) of wild-type MOR is exchanged for the homologous receptor parts of the wild-type KOR. This hybrid receptor behaves exactly as the wild-type MOR in functional assays. Interestingly, the modified MOR is expressed at six times higher levels than wild-type MOR and is similarly stable as wild-type KOR after immobilization. Hence the immobilized MOR, represented by the chimera KKM, is now also amenable for biophysical characterization. These results are encouraging for future stability engineering of GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ott
- Biochemisches Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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6
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Guarna M, Bartolini A, Ghelardini C, Galeotti N, Bracci L, Stefano GB, Bianchi E. Anti-mu opioid antiserum against the third external loop of the cloned mu-opioid receptor acts as a mu receptor neutral antagonist. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 119:100-10. [PMID: 14597234 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbrainres.2003.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The region from the third external loop to the C terminus of MOR-1 appeared to be critical to the selective binding of MOR-1 ligands as DAMGO and morphine to MOR-1. To study the pharmacological properties of the third extracellular loop an antibody was raised in rabbits against the sequence 304-316 which is unique to MOR-1 and includes the third external loop; the anti-MOR-1 antibody was affinity purified against the immunogen sequence and characterized by [3H]DAMGO and Western blotting; [3H]DPDPE binding assay remained unchanged in the presence of the antibody. Anti-MOR-1 IgG was characterized as a neutral antagonist in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells hyperexpressing constitutively active MOR-1s; in fact, anti-MOR-1 IgG completely reversed the inhibition induced by the MOR-1 agonist endomorphin1, endomorphin2, DAMGO and morphine on forskolin stimulated cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation and attenuated both the action of the selective MOR-1 agonist DAMGO to increase [35S]GTPgammaS binding and the action of the MOR-1 inverse agonist beta-chlornaltrexamine (CNA) to decrease [35S]GTPgammaS binding. Radioligand binding assay using membrane suspensions from CHO cells hyperexpressing MOR-1 revealed a significant decreased binding affinity and capacity of all the tested MOR-1 selective ligands after preincubation with anti-MOR-1 IgG. Therefore, the third extracellular loop of MOR-1 appeared to be a key element for the binding of MOR-1 ligands.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies/pharmacology
- Binding Sites/drug effects
- Binding Sites/immunology
- Binding, Competitive/drug effects
- Binding, Competitive/physiology
- CHO Cells
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cell Membrane/immunology
- Cricetinae
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/pharmacology
- Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/pharmacology
- Ligands
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Protein Binding/immunology
- Protein Structure, Tertiary/drug effects
- Protein Structure, Tertiary/physiology
- Rabbits
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/immunology
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/immunology
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- M Guarna
- Department of Anatomical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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7
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Liu XH, Huang DA, Yang FY, Hao YS, Du GG, Li PF, Li G. A new cytokine: the possible effect pathway of methionine enkephalin. World J Gastroenterol 2003; 9:169-73. [PMID: 12508376 PMCID: PMC4728236 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v9.i1.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate experimentally the effects of methionine enkephalin on signal transduction of mouse myeloma NS-1 cells.
METHODS: The antigen determinate of delta opioid receptor was designed in this lab and the polypeptide fragment of antigen determinate with 12 amino acids residues was synthesized. Monoclonal antibody against this peptide fragment was prepared. Proliferation of Mouse NS-1 cells treated with methionine enkephalin of 1 × 10-6 mol·L-1 was observed. The activities of protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) were measured and thereby the mechanism of effect of methionine enkephalin was postulated.
RESULTS: The results demonstrated that methionine enkephalin could enhance the proliferation of NS-1 cells and the effect of methionine enkephalin could be particularly blocked by monoclonal antibody. The activity of PKA was increased in both cytosol and cell membrane. With reference to PKC, the intracellular activity of PKC in NS-1 cells was elevated at 1 × 10-7 mol·L-1 and then declined gradually as the concentration of methionine enkephalin was raised. The effects of methionine enkephalin might be reversed by both naloxone and monoclonal antibody.
CONCLUSION: Coupled with the findings, it in-dicates that the signal transduction systems via PKA and PKC are involved in the effects of methionine enkephalin by binding with the traditional opioid receptors, and therefore resulting in different biological effects.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Cytokines
- Enkephalin, Methionine/metabolism
- Enkephalin, Methionine/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Naloxone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase C/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/immunology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hua Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
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Wang QP, Zadina JE, Guan JL, Shioda S. Morphological studies of the endomorphinergic neurons in the central nervous system. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 2002; 89:209-15. [PMID: 12184723 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.89.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Endomorphins (EMs) are newly found endogenous opioid peptides. Both endomorphin-1 (EM-1) and -2 (EM-2) are composed of four amino acids. Their high affinity and specificity for mu-opioid receptors have been confirmed by many physiological and pharmacological studies. In the present minireview, we discuss the distribution and localization of these peptides. While EM-2 is more prevalent in the spinal cord and lower brainstem, EM-1 is more widely and densely distributed throughout the brain than EM-2. We also discuss the possible coexistence of EM with other neurotransmitters. Finally, we introduce some new results regarding the ultrastructure and synaptic relationships of EM-2 obtained by the immunoelectron microscopic method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ping Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Peoples JF, Wessendorf MW, Pierce T, Van Bockstaele EJ. Ultrastructure of endomorphin-1 immunoreactivity in the rat dorsal pontine tegmentum: evidence for preferential targeting of peptidergic neurons in Barrington's nucleus rather than catecholaminergic neurons in the peri-locus coeruleus. J Comp Neurol 2002; 448:268-79. [PMID: 12115708 DOI: 10.1002/cne.10260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Endomorphins are opioid tetrapeptides that have high affinity and selectivity for mu-opioid receptors (muORs). Light microscopic studies have shown that endomorphin-1 (EM-1) -containing fibers are distributed within the brainstem dorsal pontine tegmentum. Here, immunoelectron microscopy was conducted in the rat brainstem to identify potential cellular interactions between EM-1 and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) -labeled cellular profiles in the locus coeruleus (LC) and peri-LC, an area known to contain extensive noradrenergic dendrites of LC neurons. Furthermore, sections through the rostral dorsal pons, from colchicine-treated rats, were processed for EM-1 and corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), a neuropeptide known to be present in neurons of Barrington's nucleus. EM-1 immunoreactivity was identified in unmyelinated axons, axon terminals, and occasionally in cellular profiles resembling glial processes. Within axon terminals, peroxidase labeling for EM-1 was enriched in large dense core vesicles. In sections processed for EM-1 and TH, approximately 10% of EM-1-containing axon terminals (n=269) targeted dendrites that exhibited immunogold-silver labeling for TH. In contrast, approximately 30% of EM-1-labeled axon terminals analyzed (n = 180) targeted CRF-containing somata and dendrites in Barrington's nucleus. Taken together, these data indicate that the modulation of nociceptive and autonomic function as well as stress and arousal responses attributed to EM-1 in the central nervous system may arise, in part, from direct actions on catecholaminergic neurons in the peri-LC. However, the increased frequency with which EM-1 axon terminals form synapses with CRF-containing profiles in Barrington's nucleus suggests a novel role for EM-1 in the modulation of functions associated with Barrington's nucleus neurons such as micturition control and pelvic visceral function.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F Peoples
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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