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Estrázulas M, Freitas RDS, Käfer ET, Dagnino APA, Campos MM. Central and peripheral effects of environmental enrichment in a mouse model of arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 102:108386. [PMID: 34824037 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzed whether environmental enrichment (EE) modulates the nociceptive and inflammatory responses in the mouse model of arthritis induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA). Ninety male mice (C57BL/6-JUnib, 4-weeks-old; 20-25 g) were distributed into EE and standard (SE) groups. For EE, mice were kept in bigger cages using an alternation of materials to chew (wood and paper), for nesting (cotton), to use as hiding places (plastic tunnels), and for voluntary exercise (wheel running). Arthritis was induced by an injection of CFA (50 μL) into the right hind paw or saline solution in the control group. Separate groups received the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg; every 48 h). Inflammatory and pain measurements were performed from 1 to 35 days after CFA administration. EE per se reduced the acute paw edema formation and arthritis scores. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were undetectable in any experimental groups. EE diminished the immunopositivity for the microglia marker IBA1 in the pre-frontal cortex, with slight changes for hippocampal GFAP-positive activated astrocytes. Finally, EE induced a marked increment of brain-derived nerve factor (BDNF) expression in the hippocampus, an effect that was fully prevented by dexamethasone. These data bring novel evidence on the peripheral and central effects of EE in a mouse arthritis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Estrázulas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel D S Freitas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduarda T Käfer
- Curso de Graduação em Medicina, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana P A Dagnino
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria M Campos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas em Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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2
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Vesela B, Zapletalova M, Svandova E, Ramesova A, Doubek J, Lesot H, Matalova E. General Caspase Inhibition in Primary Chondrogenic Cultures Impacts Their Transcription Profile Including Osteoarthritis-Related Factors. Cartilage 2021; 13:1144S-1154S. [PMID: 34496641 PMCID: PMC8804802 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211044823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The knowledge about functions of caspases, usually associated with cell death and inflammation, keeps expanding also regarding cartilage. Active caspases are present in the growth plate, and caspase inhibition in limb-derived chondroblasts altered the expression of osteogenesis-related genes. Caspase inhibitors were reported to reduce the severity of cartilage lesions in osteoarthritis (OA), and caspase-3 might represent a promising biomarker for OA prognosis. The objective of this investigation was to decipher the transcriptomic regulation of caspase inhibition in chondrogenic cells. DESIGN Limb-derived chondroblasts were cultured in the presence of 2 different inhibitors: Z-VAD-FMK (FMK) and Q-VD-OPH (OPH). A whole transcriptome RNA sequencing was performed as the key analysis. RESULTS The analysis revealed a statistically significant increase in the expression of 252 genes in the FMK samples and 163 genes in the OPH samples compared with controls. Conversely, there was a significant decrease in the expression of 290 genes in the FMK group and 188 in the OPH group. Among the top up- and downregulated genes (more than 10 times changed), almost half of them were associated with OA. Both inhibitors displayed the highest upregulation of the inflammatory chemokine Ccl5, the most downregulated gene was the one for mannose receptors Mrc1. CONCLUSIONS The obtained datasets pointed to a significant impact of caspase inhibition on the expression of several chondro-/osteogenesis-related markers in an in vitro model of endochondral ossification. Notably, the list of these genes included some encoding for factors associated with cartilage/bone pathologies such as OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Vesela
- Department of Physiology, University of
Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic,Institute of Animal Physiology and
Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic,Barbora Vesela, Institute of Animal
Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Veveri 97, Brno 602
00, Czech Republic.
| | - Martina Zapletalova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and
Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Svandova
- Department of Physiology, University of
Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic,Institute of Animal Physiology and
Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alice Ramesova
- Department of Physiology, University of
Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Doubek
- Department of Physiology, University of
Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hervé Lesot
- Institute of Animal Physiology and
Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Matalova
- Department of Physiology, University of
Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic,Institute of Animal Physiology and
Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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Tong X, Yu D, Yu L, Chen W, Wen Y, Gu P. Exploring the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in fibroblast-like synovial cells in rheumatoid arthritis. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11973. [PMID: 34447637 PMCID: PMC8364321 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease with persistent synovitis. In the present study, the impact of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was explored to determine methods for the diagnosis and treatment of RA. Methods First, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) were obtained from a collagen-induced rat RA model. Next, MCP-1-overexpression plasmid and small interfering RNA were transfected into human and rat FLSs. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell migration and flow cytometry assays were used to analyze cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis of FLSs following MCP-1 transfections, respectively. Furthermore, western blotting was used to analyze the expression levels of p-P38, p-PI3K, PI3K, CD31, VEGF, TNF-α and IL-β in FLSs following MCP-1 transfection. In addition, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and ELISAs were used to analyze the expression levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), estrogen receptor, MCP-1 and pentraxin-3 in patients with clinical RA, followed by correlation analysis of clinical data. Finally, expression validation, diagnostic and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of MCP-1 were performed. Results MCP-1 promoted FLS proliferation and migration, and affected the apoptosis of FLSs. In addition, the expression levels of p-P38, p-PI3K, PI3K, CD31, VEGF, TNF-α and IL-β were also affected by MCP-1. In patients with clinical RA, the expression level of MCP-1 was increased. Moreover, CRP expression level was significantly up-regulated in RA. Clinically, MCP-1 was strongly correlated with tender joint count, swollen joint count, visual analog scale for general health and disease activity score 28 (DAS28)-MCP-1, and was moderately correlated with DAS28 and DAS28-CRP. PPI analysis showed that MCP-1 mainly interacted with other inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion In conclusion, MCP-1 may play a significant regulatory role in RA, and could be used as a measurement index of clinical RA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Tong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongdong Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Yu
- Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiqian Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanling Wen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengcheng Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Integrin, alpha9 subunit blockade suppresses collagen-induced arthritis with minimal systemic immunomodulation. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 833:320-327. [PMID: 29932925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Integrin, alpha9 subunit (hereinafter, alpha9) has been identified as a novel putative therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Support for this target comes from the observations that alpha9 is overexpressed both in the joints of RA patients and in animal models of arthritis. In the experimental models, the increase in alpha9 expression precedes the onset of arthritic symptoms. The current study presents data on the pharmacological profile of an anti-alpha9 antibody in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. Administration of an alpha9-blocking antibody in CIA mice suppressed the development of arthritis and significantly decreased plasma level of activated fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS)-derived biomarkers without reducing the formation of anti-type II collagen antibodies. While anti-alpha9 antibody administration significantly suppress the accumulation of immune cells in arthritic joints it had no effect on immune cell number in the spleen. Furthermore, in non-arthritic mice, alpha9 had no inhibitory effect in either a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) or in a delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction. These results suggest that blocking alpha9 exerts its anti-arthritic effect through suppression of FLS-activation via a non-immune mediated mechanism. Finally, therapeutic administration of anti-alpha9 antibody alleviated established arthritis in CIA mice. Our data provide evidence that alpha9 blockade is a promising therapy for joint inflammation with minimal systemic immunomodulation.
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Clement M, Fornasa G, Loyau S, Morvan M, Andreata F, Guedj K, Khallou-Laschet J, Larghi P, Le Roux D, Bismuth G, Chiocchia G, Hivroz C, Newman DK, Nicoletti A, Caligiuri G. Upholding the T cell immune-regulatory function of CD31 inhibits the formation of T/B immunological synapses in vitro and attenuates the development of experimental autoimmune arthritis in vivo. J Autoimmun 2014; 56:23-33. [PMID: 25277651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
CD31, a trans-homophilic inhibitory receptor expressed on both T- and B-lymphocytes, drives the mutual detachment of interacting leukocytes. Intriguingly, T cell CD31 molecules relocate to the immunological synapse (IS), where the T and B cells establish a stable interaction. Here, we show that intact CD31 molecules, which are able to drive an inhibitory signal, are concentrated at the periphery of the IS but are excluded from the center of the IS. At this site, were the cells establish the closest contact, the CD31 molecules are cleaved, and most of the extracellular portion of the protein, including the trans-homophilic binding sites, is shed from the cell surface. T cells lacking CD31 trans-homophilic binding sites easily establish stable interactions with B cells; at the opposite, CD31 signaling agonists inhibit T/B IS formation as well as the ensuing helper T cell activation and function. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry analysis of experimental T/B IS shows that the T cell inhibitory effects of CD31 agonists depend on SHP-2 signaling, which reduces the phosphorylation of ZAP70. The analysis of synovial tissue biopsies from patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis showed that T cell CD31 molecules are excluded from the center of the T/B cell synapses in vivo. Interestingly, the administration of CD31 agonists in vivo significantly attenuated the development of the clinical signs of collagen-induced arthritis in DBA1/J mice. Altogether, our data indicate that the T cell co-inhibitory receptor CD31 prevents the formation of functional T/B immunological synapses and that therapeutic strategies aimed at sustaining CD31 signaling will attenuate the development of autoimmune responses in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Clement
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1148, "Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science", F-75018 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU "FIRE", F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Giulia Fornasa
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1148, "Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science", F-75018 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU "FIRE", F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Loyau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1148, "Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science", F-75018 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU "FIRE", F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Marion Morvan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1148, "Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science", F-75018 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU "FIRE", F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Francesco Andreata
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1148, "Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science", F-75018 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU "FIRE", F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Kevin Guedj
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1148, "Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science", F-75018 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU "FIRE", F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Jamila Khallou-Laschet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1148, "Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science", F-75018 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU "FIRE", F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Paola Larghi
- Institut Curie, Section Recherche, Inserm U932, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Le Roux
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris F-75014, France
| | - Georges Bismuth
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR8104, F-75014 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris F-75014, France
| | - Gilles Chiocchia
- Inserm U987, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé "Simone Veil", F-78180 Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence "Inflamex", F-75018 Paris, France; Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin, F-78180 Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France
| | - Claire Hivroz
- Institut Curie, Section Recherche, Inserm U932, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Debra K Newman
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Antonino Nicoletti
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1148, "Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science", F-75018 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU "FIRE", F-75018 Paris, France
| | - Giuseppina Caligiuri
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1148, "Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science", F-75018 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, F-75018 Paris, France; Département Hospitalo-Universitaire DHU "FIRE", F-75018 Paris, France.
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The Effects of Platycodin D, a Saponin Purified from Platycodi Radix, on Collagen-Induced DBA/1J Mouse Rheumatoid Arthritis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:954508. [PMID: 24511322 PMCID: PMC3913383 DOI: 10.1155/2014/954508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The object of this study is to observe the effects of platycodin D, a saponin purified from Platycodi Radix, on mice collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). A daily dose of 200, 100, and 50 mg/kg platycodin D was administered orally to male DBA/1J mice for 40 days after initial collagen immunization. To ascertain the effects administering the collagen booster, CIA-related features (including body weight, poly-arthritis, knee and paw thickness, and paw weight increase) was measured from histopathological changes in the spleen, left popliteal lymph node, third digit, and the knee joint regions. CIA-related bone and cartilage damage improved significantly in the platycodin D-administered CIA mice. Additionally, myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels in the paw were reduced in platycodin D-treated CIA mice compared to CIA control groups. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator of oxidative stress, decreased in a dose-dependent manner in the platycodin D group. Finally, the production of IL-6 and TNF-α, involved in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis, was suppressed by treatment with platycodin D. Taken together, these results suggest that platycodin D is a promising new effective antirheumatoid arthritis agent, exerting anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and immunomodulatory effects in CIA mice.
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Sohn KC, Kang SJ, Kim JW, Kim KY, Ku SK, Lee YJ. Effects of Calcium Gluconate, a Water Soluble Calcium Salt on the Collagen-Induced DBA/1J Mice Rheumatoid Arthritis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2013; 21:290-8. [PMID: 24244814 PMCID: PMC3819902 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2013.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of calcium (Ca) gluconate on collagen-induced DBA mouse rheumatoid arthritis (CIA). A single daily dose of 200, 100 or 50 mg/kg Ca gluconate was administered orally to male DBA/1J mice for 40 days after initial collagen immunization. To ascertain the effects administering the collagen booster, CIA-related features (including body weight, poly-arthritis, knee and paw thickness, and paw weight increase) were measured from histopathological changes in the spleen, left popliteal lymph node, third digit and the knee joint regions. CIA-related bone and cartilage damage improved significantly in the Ca gluconate- administered CIA mice. Additionally, myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels in the paw were reduced in Ca gluconate-treated CIA mice compared to CIA control groups. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator of oxidative stress, decreased in a dosedependent manner in the Ca gluconate group. Finally, the production of IL-6 and TNF-α, involved in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis, were suppressed by treatment with Ca gluconate. Taken together, these results suggest that Ca gluconate is a promising candidate anti-rheumatoid arthritis agent, exerting anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and immunomodulatory effects in CIA mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Cheul Sohn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 705-718
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Marelli-Berg FM, Clement M, Mauro C, Caligiuri G. An immunologist's guide to CD31 function in T-cells. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:2343-52. [PMID: 23761922 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.124099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it is expressed by all leukocytes, including T-, B-lymphocytes and dendritic cells, the immunoglobulin-like receptor CD31 is generally regarded by immunologists as a marker of endothelial cell lineage that lacks an established functional role in adaptive immunity. This perception has recently been challenged by studies that reveal a key role for this molecule in the regulation of T-cell homeostasis, effector function and trafficking. The complexity of the biological functions of CD31 results from the integration of its adhesive and signaling functions in both the immune and vascular systems. Signaling by means of CD31 is induced by homophilic engagement during the interactions of immune cells and is mediated by phosphatase recruitment or activation through immunoreceptor tyrosine inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) that are located in its cytoplasmic tail. Loss of CD31 function is associated with excessive immunoreactivity and susceptibility to cytotoxic killing. Here, we discuss recent findings that have brought to light a non-redundant, complex role for this molecule in the regulation of T-cell-mediated immune responses, with large impact on our understanding of immunity in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica M Marelli-Berg
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts' and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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9
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Ma L, Cheung KCP, Kishore M, Nourshargh S, Mauro C, Marelli-Berg FM. CD31 exhibits multiple roles in regulating T lymphocyte trafficking in vivo. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2012; 189:4104-11. [PMID: 22966083 PMCID: PMC3496211 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The role of CD31, an Ig-like molecule expressed by leukocytes and endothelial cells (ECs), in the regulation of T lymphocyte trafficking remains contentious. Using CD31-deficient mice, we show that CD31 regulates both constitutive and inflammation-induced T cell migration in vivo. Specifically, T cell:EC interactions mediated by CD31 molecules are required for efficient localization of naive T lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid tissue and constitutive recirculation of primed T cells to nonlymphoid tissues. In inflammatory conditions, T cell:EC CD31-mediated interactions facilitate T cell recruitment to Ag-rich sites. However, endothelial CD31 also provides a gate-keeping mechanism to limit the rate of Ag-driven T cell extravasation. This event contributes to the formation of Ag-specific effector T cell infiltrates and is induced by recognition of Ag on the endothelium. In this context, CD31 engagement is required for restoring endothelial continuity, which is temporarily lost upon MHC molecule ligation by migrating cognate T cells. We propose that integrated adhesive and signaling functions of CD31 molecules exert a complex regulation of T cell trafficking, a process that is differentially adapted depending on cell-specific expression, the presence of inflammatory conditions and the molecular mechanism facilitating T cell extravasation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Division of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; and
| | - Kenneth C. P. Cheung
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Madhav Kishore
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sussan Nourshargh
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Claudio Mauro
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Federica M. Marelli-Berg
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
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Blocking platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM) inhibits disease progression and prevents joint erosion in established collagen antibody-induced arthritis. Exp Mol Pathol 2009; 88:210-5. [PMID: 19800878 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2009.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Accepted: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Collagen antibody-induced arthritis is a robust murine model of arthritis that histologically recapitulates the inflammatory characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis including pannus formation and destruction of articular cartilage and bone. PECAM is a molecule expressed by both leukocytes and endothelial cells that has been shown to play a major role in the extravasation of leukocytes into sites of inflammation. Genetic deletion of many molecules will blunt the onset and progression of arthritis in murine models, as will administration of various anti-inflammatory therapies given prior to the onset of disease. However, patients seek medical attention when symptomatic, which means that the disease is well established. We investigated whether blocking PECAM interactions would inhibit progression of established disease in the collagen antibody-induced arthritis model. We report that treatment of symptomatic mice with a PECAM-Fc chimera significantly reduced inflammation and virtually eliminated cartilage and bone destruction. The results suggest that therapies that block PECAM function may be beneficial in the treatment of established arthritis.
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Woodfin A, Voisin MB, Nourshargh S. PECAM-1: a multi-functional molecule in inflammation and vascular biology. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27:2514-23. [PMID: 17872453 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.107.151456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1 or CD31) is a molecule expressed on all cells within the vascular compartment, being expressed to different degrees on most leukocyte sub-types, platelets, and on endothelial cells where its expression is largely concentrated at junctions between adjacent cells. As well as exhibiting adhesive properties, PECAM-1 is an efficient signaling molecule and is now known to have diverse roles in vascular biology including roles in angiogenesis, platelet function, and thrombosis, mechanosensing of endothelial cell response to fluid shear stress, and regulation of multiple stages of leukocyte migration through venular walls. This review will focus on some new developments with respect to the role of PECAM-1 in inflammation and vascular biology, highlighting the emerging complexities associated with the functions of this unique molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Woodfin
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London, Queen Mary College, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
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Palmer G, Gabay C, Imhof BA. Leukocyte migration to rheumatoid joints: Enzymes take over. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 54:2707-10. [PMID: 16948054 DOI: 10.1002/art.22062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Schenkel AR, Chew TW, Chlipala E, Harbord MWN, Muller WA. Different susceptibilities of PECAM-deficient mouse strains to spontaneous idiopathic pneumonitis. Exp Mol Pathol 2006; 81:23-30. [PMID: 16457810 PMCID: PMC1486780 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2005.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2005] [Accepted: 11/30/2005] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (PECAM) is an adhesion and signaling molecule used for leukocyte extravasation. We have generated two strains of PECAM-deficient mouse, one in the original C57BL/6 and a second by backcrossing nice generations into the FVB/n strain. The FVB/n strain has reduced responses in models of acute inflammation. We show here that this strain is also susceptible to a chronic pneumonia which leads to pulmonary fibrosis. In contrast, PECAM-deficient C57BL/6 mice do not develop this lung disease and have normal responses in acute models of inflammation. This demonstrates that PECAM-dependent and -independent mechanisms are found in both acute and chronic inflammation. Further, the PECAM-deficient FVB/n strain has many pathologic similarities to the human disease Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, suggesting that similar molecular mechanisms may play a role in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Schenkel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology Colorado State University 1682 Campus Delivery Fort Collins, CO 80523-1682, USA.
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Abstract
Leukocyte infiltration into the joint space and tissues is an essential component of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this review, we will summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms of leukocyte trafficking into the synovium, focusing on the role of adhesion molecules, chemokines, and chemokine receptors in synovial autoimmune inflammation. The process by which a circulating leukocyte decides to migrate into the synovium is highly regulated and involves the capture, firm adhesion, and transmigration of cells across the endothelial monolayer. Adhesion molecules and chemokine signals function in concert to mediate this process and to organize leukocytes into distinct structures within the synovium. Chemokines play a key regulatory role in organ-specific leukocyte trafficking and activation by affecting integrin activation, chemotaxis, effector cell function, and cell survival. Consequently, chemokines, their receptors, and downstream signal transduction molecules are attractive therapeutic targets for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa K Tarrant
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, 3330 Thurston Bldg., CB#7280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Wong MX, Hayball JD, Hogarth PM, Jackson DE. The Inhibitory Co-Receptor, PECAM-1 Provides a Protective Effect in Suppression of Collagen-Induced Arthritis. J Clin Immunol 2005; 25:19-28. [PMID: 15742154 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-005-0354-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2004] [Revised: 06/22/2004] [Accepted: 08/23/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Studies of PECAM-1(-/-) mice have identified that PECAM-1 functions as an inhibitory co-receptor to modulate immunological responsiveness. In this study, we describe the in vivo consequences of PECAM-1 deficiency in mouse models of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and K/BxN passive transfer model that resembles many of the features of human rheumatoid arthritis. Immunization of PECAM-1(-/-) C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice with chicken collagen type II induced CIA with an incidence of 82% by day 49, while 33%; of wild-type and 100% of DBA/1 mice developed arthritis in a similar time frame. The mean onset of disease for PECAM-1(-/-) C57BL/6 mice was day 32 compared to day 51 for wild-type C57BL/6 mice and day 18 for DBA/1 mice (H-2q susceptible). In terms of disease severity, the mean maximal arthritic index for PECAM-1(-/-) C57BL/6 mice was comparable to DBA/1 mice (8.91 +/- 0.91 vs 11.67 +/- 0.82). This mean maximal index in PECAM-1(-/-) C57BL/6 mice was significantly higher than wild-type C57BL/6 mice (5.00 +/- 0.73). IgG1 and IgG2b antibody responses against CII were elevated in arthritic PECAM-1(-/-) C57BL/6 mice compared to wild-type C57BL/6 mice. Histological examination of arthritic paws of PECAM-1(-/-) C57BL/6 mice revealed inflammatory infiltrates of lymphocytic/monocytic cells and cartilage/bone destruction similar to CIA-induced DBA/1 arthritic paws. In the K/BxN model, the arthritis was not augmented in PECAM-1(-/-) mice compared to wild-type mice. In contrast, in active CIA, PECAM-1(-/-) mice developed severe disease comparable to susceptible DBA/1 mice and profoundly more severe than C57BL/6 mice, where only one third developed a mild/moderate disease. Together these observations suggest that PECAM-1 plays a crucial role in the suppression of development of autoimmune arthritis.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced
- Arthritis, Experimental/immunology
- Arthritis, Experimental/pathology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- Cartilage/pathology
- Collagen Type II/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Mice, Knockout
- Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics
- Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Mae-Xhum Wong
- Austin Research Institute, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
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Palmer G, Chobaz V, Talabot-Ayer D, Taylor S, So A, Gabay C, Busso N. Assessment of the efficacy of different statins in murine collagen-induced arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 50:4051-9. [PMID: 15593180 DOI: 10.1002/art.20673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used lipid-lowering agents. In addition to their well-known effect on cholesterol levels, statins have been reported to display antiinflammatory activities both in vitro and in vivo. In this context, in vivo prophylactic and therapeutic effects of simvastatin were recently demonstrated in mouse collagen-induced arthritis, a well-described experimental model for human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to further investigate in vivo effects of 3 different statins, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin, using the same experimental model. METHODS Different doses and routes of administration were used for the various statins in an attempt to elicit antiarthritic activity in preventive and curative treatment protocols. RESULTS Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin had no in vivo efficacy, as indicated by clinical, histologic (synovial hyperplasia, exudate, and cartilage damage), immunologic (anti-type II collagen IgG production), and biochemical (interleukin-6, serum amyloid A, and glucocorticoid production) parameters of inflammation and autoimmunity. The previously described beneficial effects of administration of intraperitoneal simvastatin were reproduced in our experiments, but could be accounted for by very severe side effects of the treatment, leading to increased glucocorticoid levels. CONCLUSION This work shows that different statins have no effect in a murine model of arthritis, an unexpected observation given the previously described therapeutic effect of statins in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. It is still unclear whether statins will have benefit in the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaby Palmer
- University Hospital and University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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Schenkel AR, Chew TW, Muller WA. Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Deficiency or Blockade Significantly Reduces Leukocyte Emigration in a Majority of Mouse Strains. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 173:6403-8. [PMID: 15528380 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.10.6403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PECAM is a molecule used specifically during the diapedesis step when neutrophils and monocytes leave the blood compartment. Anti-PECAM reagents, such as Abs and soluble fusion proteins, block diapedesis both in vivo and in vitro. However, the PECAM knockout mouse in C57BL/6 strain has no serious defects in most models of inflammation. We show in this study that the same PECAM knockout backcrossed into the FVB/n strain clearly has reduced leukocyte emigration in two models of inflammation. Furthermore, we show that anti-PECAM reagents can block leukocyte emigration in several other wild-type strains of mice like FVB/n, SJL, and the outbred strain Swiss Webster. This clearly shows that the C57BL/6 strain is uniquely able to compensate for the loss of PECAM function. Murine models of inflammatory disease that have been studied using C57BL/6 mice should be re-evaluated using FVB/n or other mouse strains to determine whether PECAM plays a role in those models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Schenkel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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