1
|
Smyth D, Britton Z, Murdin L, Arshad Q, Kaski D. Vestibular migraine treatment: a comprehensive practical review. Brain 2022; 145:3741-3754. [PMID: 35859353 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vestibular migraine is an underdiagnosed but increasingly recognised neurological condition that causes episodic vertigo associated with other features of migraine. It is now thought to be the most common cause of spontaneous (non-positional) episodic vertigo, affecting up to 1% of the population. A meta-analysis of preventative treatments for vestibular migraine was published in 2021 but the authors were unable to establish a preferred treatment strategy due to low quality of evidence and heterogeneity of study design and outcome reporting. There remains therefore a clinical need for pragmatic management guidelines specific to vestibular migraine using the available evidence. Here we provide a practical review utilising a systematic qualitative assessment of the evidence for abortive and preventative interventions in adults. The overall evidence base for vestibular migraine treatment is of low quality. Nevertheless, we provide practical treatment recommendations based on the available evidence and our experience to help guide clinicians treating patients with vestibular migraine. We also discuss how future clinical trials could be designed to improve the quality of evidence in this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Smyth
- Department of Neuro-Otology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Zelie Britton
- Department of Neuro-Otology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Louisa Murdin
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; and Ear Institute, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Qadeer Arshad
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Diego Kaski
- Department of Neuro-Otology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ku KB, Shin HJ, Kim HS, Kim BT, Kim, SJ, Kim C. Repurposing Screens of FDA-Approved Drugs Identify 29 Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:1843-1853. [PMID: 33203821 PMCID: PMC9728307 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2009.09009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has spread globally and caused serious social and economic problems. The WHO has declared this outbreak a pandemic. Currently, there are no approved vaccines or antiviral drugs that prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Drugs already approved for clinical use would be ideal candidates for rapid development as COVID-19 treatments. In this work, we screened 1,473 FDA-approved drugs to identify inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection using cell-based assays. The antiviral activity of each compound was measured based on the immunofluorescent staining of infected cells using anti-dsRNA antibody. Twenty-nine drugs among those tested showed antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. We report this new list of inhibitors to quickly provide basic information for consideration in developing potential therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keun Bon Ku
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Shin
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Soo Kim
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Tae Kim
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jun Kim,
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea,S-J.Kim Phone: +82-42-860-7477 E-mail:
| | - Chonsaeng Kim
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors C.Kim Phone: +82-42-860-7491 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Preventive Treatment with Lomerizine Increases Cerebral Blood Flows during the Interictal Phase of Migraine. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2018; 27:998-1002. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
|
4
|
Fiorino F, Magli E, Kędzierska E, Ciano A, Corvino A, Severino B, Perissutti E, Frecentese F, Di Vaio P, Saccone I, Izzo AA, Capasso R, Massarelli P, Rossi I, Orzelska-Gòrka J, Kotlińska JH, Santagada V, Caliendo G. New 5-HT1A, 5HT2A and 5HT2C receptor ligands containing a picolinic nucleus: Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:5820-5837. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
5
|
Fiorino F, Ciano A, Magli E, Severino B, Corvino A, Perissutti E, Frecentese F, Di Vaio P, Izzo AA, Capasso R, Massarelli P, Nencini C, Rossi I, Kędzierska E, Orzelska-Gòrka J, Bielenica A, Santagada V, Caliendo G. Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological evaluation of serotoninergic ligands containing an isonicotinic nucleus. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 110:133-50. [PMID: 26820556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Isonicotinamide derivatives, linked to an arylpiperazine moiety, were prepared and their affinity to 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors were evaluated. The combination of structural elements (heterocyclic nucleus, alkyl chain and 4-substituted piperazine) known to play critical roles in affinity for serotoninergic receptors and the proper selection of substituents led to compounds with high specificity and affinity towards serotoninergic receptors. In binding studies, several molecules showed high affinity in nanomolar and subnanomolar range at 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors and moderate or no affinity for other relevant receptors (D1, D2, α1 and α2). N-(3-(4-(bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)isonicotinamide (4s) with Ki = 0.130 nM, was the most active and selective derivative for the 5-HT1A receptor compared to other serotoninergic, dopaminergic and adrenergic receptors. Compound 4o, instead, showed 5-HT2A affinity values in subnamolar range. Moreover, the compounds having better affinity and selectivity binding profile towards 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors were selected in order to be tested by in vitro and in vivo assays to determine their functional activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Fiorino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonio Ciano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisa Magli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Beatrice Severino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Corvino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisa Perissutti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Frecentese
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Di Vaio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelo A Izzo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Massarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e Neuroscienze Università di Siena, Via delle Scotte, 6, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Cristina Nencini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e Neuroscienze Università di Siena, Via delle Scotte, 6, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e Neuroscienze Università di Siena, Via delle Scotte, 6, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Ewa Kędzierska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Orzelska-Gòrka
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Bielenica
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Vincenzo Santagada
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caliendo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ishii M, Hagiwara T, Mori Y, Shimizu S. Involvement of TRPM2 and L-type Ca²⁺ channels in Ca²⁺ entry and cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide in rat β-cell line RIN-5F. J Toxicol Sci 2014; 39:199-209. [PMID: 24646700 DOI: 10.2131/jts.39.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Ca²⁺ overload is one of the mechanisms for H₂O₂-induced cell death in rat pancreatic β-cell line RIN-5F cells. RIN-5F cells express TRPM2, which is a Ca²⁺-permeable channel activated by H₂O₂, and voltage-dependent L-type Ca²⁺ channels, both of which induce Ca²⁺ entry by H₂O₂. This study examined the contribution of these channels to H₂O₂-induced Ca²⁺ entry and cell death in RIN-5F cells. Cytosolic Ca²⁺ concentration was measured using fura-2 as a Ca²⁺ indicator. Cell death was estimated by trypan blue exclusion. Pre-treatment with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, which inhibit TRPM2 activation, strongly reduced Ca²⁺ entry by H₂O₂. The PARP inhibitors used had no effect on the Ca²⁺ elevation by voltage-dependent L-type Ca²⁺ channels. On the other hand, pre-treatment with L-type Ca²⁺ channel blockers, which did not affect TRPM2 activation, partly reduced H₂O₂-induced Ca²⁺ entry. Treatment with PARP inhibitors but not L-type Ca²⁺ channel blockers, around the early phase in H₂O₂-induced Ca²⁺ elevation, also reduced the late phase. Moreover, H₂O₂-induced RIN-5F cell death was strongly attenuated by PARP inhibitors, in compared to L-type Ca²⁺ channel blockers. Our results suggest that TRPM2 channels rather than L-type Ca²⁺ channels primarily contribute to H₂O₂-induced Ca²⁺ entry and cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Ishii
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Division of Physiology and Pathology, Showa University School of Pharmacy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Peng JM, Yu YJ, Su LD, Luo X. Meta-analysis of 5-hydroxytryptamine type 2A receptor polymorphisms and migraine susceptibility. Int J Neurosci 2014; 124:882-9. [PMID: 25019276 DOI: 10.3109/00207454.2014.888425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have investigated the association of polymorphisms in 5-hydroxytryptamine type 2A receptor (5HT2A) gene and migraine susceptibility, but the results of those studies are inconclusive. To obtain a more systematic estimation of the association, we conducted a comprehensive search to examine all the eligible studies of 5HT2A polymorphisms and migraine risk. The odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to determine the strength of the association. Publication bias was analyzed by Begg's funnel plots. Seven eligible studies regarding 5HT2A T102C and A-1438G polymorphisms with 721 cases and 713 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, no significant associations were found between 5HT2A T102C (for T vs. C: OR = 1.029, 95% CI = 0.870-1.217, p = 0.739; for TT vs. CC: OR = 1.083, 95% CI = 0.760-1.544, p = 0.657; for TT + TC vs. CC: OR = 1.066, 95% CI = 0.802-1.416, p = 0.662; for TT vs. TC + CC: OR = 1.017, 95% CI = 0.774-1.336, p = 0.904) or A-1438G (for T vs. C: OR = 0.996, 95% CI = 0.726-1.365, p = 0.979; for TT vs. CC: OR = 0.983, 95% CI = 0.511-1.891, p = 0.960; for TT + TC vs. CC: OR = 1.118, 95% CI = 0.654-1.910, p = 0.684; for TT vs. TC + CC: OR = 0.890, 95% CI = 0.528-1.499, p = 0.661) polymorphisms and migraine risk. The further subgroup analysis by ethnicity, assay and disease type also found no significant association using four genetic models. Meanwhile, the publication bias analysis suggests that there is no publication bias in these studies. In conclusion, our current meta-analysis implies that 5HT2A T102C and A-1438G polymorphisms may be not risk factors in the pathogenesis of migraine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Peng
- 1Medical College of Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ren Y, Liu T, Song G, Hu Y, Liang J. Determination of lomerizine in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 947-948:96-102. [PMID: 24412691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A rapid, sensitive and selective high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the determination and pharmacokinetic investigation of lomerizine in human plasma. Protein precipitation process was used to extract lomerizine from human plasma. Plasma samples were separated by HPLC on an Agela Venusil XBP Phenyl column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 5 μm) using a mobile phase consisting of methanol-2mM ammonium acetate-formic acid (70:30:0.1, v/v/v) and the flow rate was set at 0.35 mL/min. The total run time was 4.0 min and the elution of lomerizine was at 1.9 min. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in the multiple reaction-monitoring (MRM) mode using the respective [M+H](+) ions m/z 469.2→181.0 for lomerizine and m/z 405.2→202.9 for the I.S. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 0.1-25 ng/mL (r(2)>0.99) with a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.1 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precision (relative standard deviation, RSD) values were below 9.65% and the mean accuracy was from 99.00 to 103.00% at four quality control levels. Lomerizine was stable during stability studies, i.e., long term, auto-sampler and freeze/thaw cycles. The method was successfully applied for the evaluation of pharmacokinetics of lomerizine after single oral doses of 10 mg lomerizine to 18 healthy volunteers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Tianshun Liu
- Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Guoxin Song
- Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yaoming Hu
- Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Jianying Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Characteristics of inconsistent responders to prophylaxis therapy with lomerizine in patients with migraine: a retrospective study in Japan. J Neurol Sci 2013; 335:118-23. [PMID: 24074550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Although lomerizine is used as a first-line prophylactic drug for migraines in Japan, approximately 30% of patients fail to respond to this treatment. On the basis of medical records, we investigated the involvement of clinical factors in response to lomerizine used in patients with migraine as primary headache and established a scoring system for predicting clinical responses to prophylactic therapy. Ninety-four consistent responders and 33 inconsistent responders to lomerizine were enrolled in this study. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that migraine plus tension-type headache as primary headache and frequency of headache attacks were significant factors that contributed independently to negative response [odds ratio, 3.817 (no vs. yes; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.264-11.628) and 5.814 (>15 episode days/month vs. 0-14 episode days/month; 95% CI, 2.381-14.286), respectively]. The predictive index (PI) of clinical responses to lomerizine in patients with migraine was calculated using the regression coefficients of two factors as an integer, where the score for inconsistent responders (1.00±0.71) was significantly higher than that for consistent responders (0.37±0.53, p<0.001). Sensibility of the low-scoring group (PI=0) was 75.8%, and specificity of the high-scoring group (PI=2) was 97.9%. Groups scoring low, intermediated and high included 11.6%, 35.4% and 80.0% of inconsistent responders, respectively. The PI value obtained might represent an appropriate scoring system to predict responses in these patients.
Collapse
|
10
|
Murakami K, Inoue N, Fuchikami C, Tajima K, Hashino A, Fukui H, Noda K, Oka M. Blockade of voltage-gated calcium channel Cav1.2 and α1-adrenoceptors increases vertebral artery blood flow induced by the antivertigo agent difenidol. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 689:165-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
11
|
Miwa H, Kondo T. T-type calcium channel as a new therapeutic target for tremor. THE CEREBELLUM 2012; 10:563-9. [PMID: 21479969 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-011-0277-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels play an important role in many physiological and pathological processes. Accumulating studies suggest that the T-type calcium channel is a potential target for the treatment of various neurological disorders, such as epilepsy, insomnia, and neuropathic pain. Here, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of T-type calcium channel regulation and their implications for tremor disorders. Several T-type calcium channel blockers effectively suppressed experimental tremors that have been suggested to originate from either the cerebellum or basal ganglia. Among T-type calcium channel blockers that have been used clinically, the anti-tremor efficacy of zonisamide garnered our attention. Based on both basic and clinical studies, the possibility is emerging that T-type calcium channel blockers that transit into the central nervous system may have therapeutic potentials for tremor disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Miwa
- Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ishii M, Shimizu S, Sakairi Y, Nagamine A, Naito Y, Hosaka Y, Naito Y, Kurihara T, Onaya T, Oyamada H, Imagawa A, Shida K, Takahashi J, Oguchi K, Masuda Y, Hara H, Usami S, Kiuchi Y. MAOA, MTHFR, and TNF-β genes polymorphisms and personality traits in the pathogenesis of migraine. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 363:357-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-1188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
13
|
Neuroprotection by lomerizine, a prophylactic drug for migraine, against hydrogen peroxide-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 358:1-11. [PMID: 21656126 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is one of the risk factor for ischemic stroke. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of lomerizine, a prophylactic drug for migraine, on H(2)O(2)-induced cell death of hippocampal neurons. Cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration was measured using fura-2 as a Ca(2+) indicator. Cell death was estimated by trypan blue exclusion. In rat-cultured hippocampal neurons, the addition of H(2)O(2) induced biphasic Ca(2+) elevations and cell death. The H(2)O(2)-induced biphasic Ca(2+) elevations and cell death only occurred when extracellular Ca(2+) was present. The biphasic Ca(2+) elevation was mediated by Ca(2+) influx through the plasma membrane, but not Ca(2+) release from the intracellular Ca(2+) store. Both the early and late phases of H(2)O(2)-induced Ca(2+) influx were reduced by either a T- or L-type voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channel (VDCC) blocker, lomerizine. In fact, L-type VDCC (α(1C) subunit) and T-type VDCC (α(1G) subunit) mRNA were expressed in rat hippocampal neurons. Although an L-type VDCC blocker, nifedipine, partly suppressed the late phase of Ca(2+) influx in response to H(2)O(2), a T-type VDCC blocker, mibefradil, reduced both phases of Ca(2+) influx. Moreover, lomerizine and mibefradil strongly reduced H(2)O(2)-induced cell death, and nifedipine weakly reduced it. These findings suggest that the inhibition of H(2)O(2)-induced Ca(2+) influx through T-type VDCC seems to be important in the protective effect of lomerizine against oxidative stress. It is possible that lomerizine may be a useful drug for prophylactic treatment of migraine, because migraine is a risk factor for ischemic stroke.
Collapse
|
14
|
Naito Y, Ishii M, Nagamine A, Imagawa A, Shida K, Takahashi J, Hosaka Y, Naito Y, Oyamada H, Shimizu S, Oguchi K, Hara H, Masuda Y, Usami S, Kiuchi Y. Association of the A-1438G polymorphism in serotonin 2A receptor in migraine with aura among Japanese patients. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 33:1751-3. [PMID: 20930387 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.33.1751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the possible association of serotonin (5-HT) 2A receptor gene A-1438G polymorphism in Japanese patients with migraine. Genotyping of 5-HT(2A) A-1438G polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in patients with migraine (male 17 : 3 with aura and 14 without aura, female 65 : 17 with aura and 48 without aura) and controls (male 31, female 84). The distribution of 5-HT(2A) A-1438G genotype frequency between migraine patients and controls did not differ. These results suggest that the A-1438G polymorphism of the 5-HT(2A) receptor gene is not a direct risk factor for migraine; however, the incidence of the A/A genotype between migraine with aura (MA) and without aura (MO) was significantly different. The 5-HT(2A) A-1438G polymorphism may be involved in determining the subtypes of migraine in Japanese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuika Naito
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Effects of T-type calcium channel blockers on a parkinsonian tremor model in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 97:656-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2010.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
16
|
Alleviation of brain hypoperfusion after preventative treatment with lomerizine in an elderly migraineur with aura. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR IMAGING 2010; 2011:782758. [PMID: 21490733 PMCID: PMC3065840 DOI: 10.1155/2011/782758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies of brain single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) showed changes of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in migraineurs during prodromes or headache attacks. Little is known about how successful medication of migraine prevention can reflect rCBF in migraineurs. We highlighted alternation of brain SPECT findings in a migraineur with aura before and after prophylactic treatment with lomerizine, a calcium channel blocker. A 70-year-old man with migraine developed visual disturbance frequently at walking exercise for the recent 3 months. After this visual attack, a mild-degree of throbbing headache occured occasionally. Brain SPECT using 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer was performed at interictal time of migraine. Brain SPECT before lomerizine treatment revealed hypoperfusion in the frontal, parietal, and occipital regions. He was diagnosed with recurrence of migraine with aura (MA). Lomerizine (10 mg/day, po) was administered for 3 months. MA and visual aura without headache were dramatically improved. Migraine attacks and visual disturbance were not induced at exercise. At 3 months after lomerizine medication, brain SPECT showed remarkable increase of rCBF. These SPECT changes of our patient indicated that antimigraine mechanism of lomerizine could contribute to restoration of cerebral hypoperfusion.
Collapse
|