1
|
Abdelazim MH, Alsenani F, Alnuhait M, Alshammari AS, Altemani AH, Althagafi EA, Waggas DS, Abdelazim AH, Alharbi A. Efficacy of forskolin as a promising therapy for chronic olfactory dysfunction post COVID-19. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024:10.1007/s00405-024-08802-x. [PMID: 39001919 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08802-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Olfactory dysfunction is increasingly common among COVID-19 patients, impacting their well-being. Reports have demonstrated decreased levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate among patients with chronic olfactory dysfunction. A prospective randomized clinical trial was developed to demonstrate the efficacy of an oral forskolin regimen treatment, an adenylyl cyclase activator that raises intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, for the treatment of olfactory dysfunction following COVID-19, compared to placebo regimen. METHODS The study enrolled 285 participants with persistent olfactory dysfunction post COVID-19 infection, randomly assigning them to receive either placebo capsules (n = 120) or oral forskolin capsules (n = 165). Follow-up was conducted to track progress, with 18 participants from the placebo group and 12 from the forskolin group lost during this period. Olfactory function was assessed using the "Sniffin' Sticks" test, measuring threshold, discrimination and identification scores before and after treatment. RESULTS Subjects administered forskolin capsules demonstrated a significant enhancement in their composite TDI (threshold, discrimination and identification) score, suggesting a notable amelioration in olfactory functionality. Moreover, the discrimination and identification scores notably improved within the forskolin group. Conversely, no significant alterations were observed in the threshold scores. CONCLUSION This study suggests that forskolin can contribute potentially to improve chronic olfactory dysfunction post COVID-19. TRIAL REGISTRATION DFM-IRB00012367-23-10-001.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Abdelazim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Faisal Alsenani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alnuhait
- Pharmaceutical Practices Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Alshammari
- Pharmaceutical Practices Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah H Altemani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eyad A Althagafi
- Department of pharmaceutical care, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dania S Waggas
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H Abdelazim
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Adnan Alharbi
- Pharmaceutical Practices Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Linghu C, Johnson SL, Valdes PA, Shemesh OA, Park WM, Park D, Piatkevich KD, Wassie AT, Liu Y, An B, Barnes SA, Celiker OT, Yao CC, Yu CCJ, Wang R, Adamala KP, Bear MF, Keating AE, Boyden ES. Spatial Multiplexing of Fluorescent Reporters for Imaging Signaling Network Dynamics. Cell 2020; 183:1682-1698.e24. [PMID: 33232692 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In order to analyze how a signal transduction network converts cellular inputs into cellular outputs, ideally one would measure the dynamics of many signals within the network simultaneously. We found that, by fusing a fluorescent reporter to a pair of self-assembling peptides, it could be stably clustered within cells at random points, distant enough to be resolved by a microscope but close enough to spatially sample the relevant biology. Because such clusters, which we call signaling reporter islands (SiRIs), can be modularly designed, they permit a set of fluorescent reporters to be efficiently adapted for simultaneous measurement of multiple nodes of a signal transduction network within single cells. We created SiRIs for indicators of second messengers and kinases and used them, in hippocampal neurons in culture and intact brain slices, to discover relationships between the speed of calcium signaling, and the amplitude of PKA signaling, upon receiving a cAMP-driving stimulus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changyang Linghu
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shannon L Johnson
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Pablo A Valdes
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Or A Shemesh
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Neurobiology and Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Won Min Park
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Demian Park
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kiryl D Piatkevich
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Asmamaw T Wassie
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yixi Liu
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Bobae An
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Stephanie A Barnes
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Orhan T Celiker
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Chun-Chen Yao
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Chih-Chieh Jay Yu
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Katarzyna P Adamala
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Mark F Bear
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Amy E Keating
- Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Edward S Boyden
- Department of Media Arts and Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Center for Neurobiological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu MT, Na M, Li Y, Biscoe MR, Ryan K. Conformational Sensing by a Mammalian Olfactory Receptor. Chemistry 2020; 26:11462-11469. [PMID: 32691933 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To identify odors, the mammalian nose deploys hundreds of olfactory receptors (ORs) from the rhodopsin-like class of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. Odorants having multiple rotatable bonds present a problem for the stereochemical shape-based matching process assumed to govern the sense of smell through OR-odorant recognition. We conformationally restricted the carbon chain of the odorant octanal to ask whether an OR can respond differently to different odorant conformations. By using calcium imaging to monitor signal transduction in sensory neurons expressing the mouse aldehyde OR, Olfr2, we found that the spatial position of the C7 and C8 carbon atoms of octanal, in relation to its -CHO group, determines whether an aliphatic aldehyde functions as an agonist, partial agonist or antagonist. Our experiments provide evidence that an odorant can manipulate an OR through its intrinsic conformational repertoire, in unexpected analogy to the photon-controlled aldehyde manipulation observed in rhodopsin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Ting Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Mihwa Na
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Yadi Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Mark R Biscoe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Kevin Ryan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Na M, Liu MT, Nguyen MQ, Ryan K. Single-Neuron Comparison of the Olfactory Receptor Response to Deuterated and Nondeuterated Odorants. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:552-562. [PMID: 30343564 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian olfactory receptors (ORs) constitute a large subfamily of the Class A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). The molecular details of how these receptors convert odorant chemical information into neural signal are unknown, but are predicted by analogy to other GPCRs to involve stabilization of the activated form of the OR by the odorant. An alternative hypothesis maintains that the vibrational modes of an odorant's bonds constitute the main determinant for OR activation, and that odorants containing deuterium in place of hydrogen should activate different sets of OR family members. Experiments using heterologously expressed ORs have failed to show different responses for deuterated odorants, but experiments in the sensory neuron environment have been lacking. We tested the response to deuterated and nondeuterated versions of p-cymene, 1-octanol, 1-undecanol, and octanal in dissociated mouse olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) by calcium imaging. In all, we tested 23 812 cells, including a subset expressing recombinant mouse olfactory receptor 2 ( Olfr2/OR-I7 ), and found that nearly all of the 1610 odorant-responding neurons were unable to distinguish the D- and H-odorants. These results support the conclusion that if mammals can perceive deuterated odorants differently, the difference arises from the receptor-independent steps of olfaction. Nevertheless, 0.81% of the responding ORNs responded differently to D- and H-odorants, and those in the octanal experiments responded selectively to H-octanal at concentrations from 3 to 100 μM. The few ORs responding differently to H and D may be hypersensitive to one of the several H/D physicochemical differences, such as the difference in H/D hydrophobicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihwa Na
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Min Ting Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Minh Q. Nguyen
- Taste and Smell Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Kevin Ryan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Solís-Chagoyán H, Flores-Soto E, Reyes-García J, Valdés-Tovar M, Calixto E, Montaño LM, Benítez-King G. Voltage-Activated Calcium Channels as Functional Markers of Mature Neurons in Human Olfactory Neuroepithelial Cells: Implications for the Study of Neurodevelopment in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060941. [PMID: 27314332 PMCID: PMC4926474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In adulthood, differentiation of precursor cells into neurons continues in several brain structures as well as in the olfactory neuroepithelium. Isolated precursors allow the study of the neurodevelopmental process in vitro. The aim of this work was to determine whether the expression of functional Voltage-Activated Ca2+ Channels (VACC) is dependent on the neurodevelopmental stage in neuronal cells obtained from the human olfactory epithelium of a single healthy donor. The presence of channel-forming proteins in Olfactory Sensory Neurons (OSN) was demonstrated by immunofluorescent labeling, and VACC functioning was assessed by microfluorometry and the patch-clamp technique. VACC were immunodetected only in OSN. Mature neurons responded to forskolin with a five-fold increase in Ca2+. By contrast, in precursor cells, a subtle response was observed. The involvement of VACC in the precursors’ response was discarded for the absence of transmembrane inward Ca2+ movement evoked by step depolarizations. Data suggest differential expression of VACC in neuronal cells depending on their developmental stage and also that the expression of these channels is acquired by OSN during maturation, to enable specialized functions such as ion movement triggered by membrane depolarization. The results support that VACC in OSN could be considered as a functional marker to study neurodevelopment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Solís-Chagoyán
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo-Huipulco, Mexico City 14370, Mexico.
| | - Edgar Flores-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
| | - Jorge Reyes-García
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
| | - Marcela Valdés-Tovar
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo-Huipulco, Mexico City 14370, Mexico.
| | - Eduardo Calixto
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo-Huipulco, Mexico City 14370, Mexico.
| | - Luis M Montaño
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
| | - Gloria Benítez-King
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo-Huipulco, Mexico City 14370, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|