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Lapolla A. Thirty years of fruitful collaborations between a physician and mass spectrometrists in diabetes field. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:1086-1112. [PMID: 34747543 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The nonenzymatic protein glycation and the subsequent formation of advanced glycation end products is a process involved in the long-term complications of diabetes. In this context the collaboration, in the last 30 years, between my research group, operating in the DPT of Medicine of Padua University, and the mass spectrometric group, operating in CNR of Padua, are described and discussed. The development of new mass spectrometric techniques has allowed investigation more indepth, starting from the applications on small molecules responsible for the browning observed in the interactions between sugars and proteins, and growing up to intact proteins as albumin, immunoglobulin, hemoglobin, and so forth, with the determination of their glycation levels as well as their glycation sites. This study has helped to clarify the role of advanced glycation end products in the pathogenesis of the chronic complications of diabetes. In particular the results obtained in diabetic nephropathy, diabetic cardiovascular disease and in placenta samples of patients affected by gestational diabetes are described in this review.
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Iwan V, Grotemeyer J. Elucidating the Fragmentation Mechanism of Protonated Lewis A Trisaccharide using MS n CID. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2021; 27:256-265. [PMID: 34951325 DOI: 10.1177/14690667211069033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lewis blood group antigens are a prominent example of isomeric oligosaccharides with biological activity. Understanding the fragmentation mechanism in the gas phase is essential for their identification and assignment by mass spectrometric methods such as ESI-MS. In this work, the [M + H]+ species of Lewis A trisaccharide and Lewis A trisaccharide methyl glycoside were studied by ESI-MS with FT-ICR as mass analyzer with respect to their fragmentation mechanism. The comparison between the underivatized and the methylated species has shown that the reducing end plays a key role in this mechanism. The results of this study question the existence of Z-type fragment ions after activation of the protonated species. The main product of the fragmentation are Y-type fragment ions and a combination of Y-type fragmentation and the loss of water at the reducing end instead of Z-type fragmentation. C-type fragment ions could not be detected. MS3 measurements also reveal that each fragment ion only occurs with the participation of a mobile proton and the possibility of glycosidic bond cleavage after fragmentation has already occurred at the reducing end as B2 fragment ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Iwan
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, 9179Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jürgen Grotemeyer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, 9179Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Harvey DJ. ANALYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES AND GLYCOCONJUGATES BY MATRIX-ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY: AN UPDATE FOR 2015-2016. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:408-565. [PMID: 33725404 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is the ninth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2016. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented over 30 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show no sign of deminishing. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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Machado-Lima A, López-Díez R, Iborra RT, Pinto RDS, Daffu G, Shen X, Nakandakare ER, Machado UF, Corrêa-Giannella MLC, Schmidt AM, Passarelli M. RAGE Mediates Cholesterol Efflux Impairment in Macrophages Caused by Human Advanced Glycated Albumin. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197265. [PMID: 33019603 PMCID: PMC7582519 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We addressed the involvement of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in the impairment of the cellular cholesterol efflux elicited by glycated albumin. Albumin was isolated from type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2) diabetes mellitus (HbA1c > 9%) and non-DM subjects (C). Moreover, albumin was glycated in vitro (AGE-albumin). Macrophages from Ager null and wild-type (WT) mice, or THP-1 transfected with siRNA-AGER, were treated with C, DM1, DM2, non-glycated or AGE-albumin. The cholesterol efflux was reduced in WT cells exposed to DM1 or DM2 albumin as compared to C, and the intracellular lipid content was increased. These events were not observed in Ager null cells, in which the cholesterol efflux and lipid staining were, respectively, higher and lower when compared to WT cells. In WT, Ager, Nox4 and Nfkb1, mRNA increased and Scd1 and Abcg1 diminished after treatment with DM1 and DM2 albumin. In Ager null cells treated with DM-albumin, Nox4, Scd1 and Nfkb1 were reduced and Jak2 and Abcg1 increased. In AGER-silenced THP-1, NOX4 and SCD1 mRNA were reduced and JAK2 and ABCG1 were increased even after treatment with AGE or DM-albumin. RAGE mediates the deleterious effects of AGE-albumin in macrophage cholesterol efflux.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Animals
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Line
- Cholesterol, HDL/blood
- Cholesterol, LDL/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Female
- Fibroblasts/cytology
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Glycated Hemoglobin/genetics
- Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/blood
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/pharmacology
- Humans
- Janus Kinase 2/genetics
- Janus Kinase 2/metabolism
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- NADPH Oxidase 4/genetics
- NADPH Oxidase 4/metabolism
- NF-kappa B p50 Subunit/genetics
- NF-kappa B p50 Subunit/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products/deficiency
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products/genetics
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products/metabolism
- Serum Albumin, Human/metabolism
- Serum Albumin, Human/pharmacology
- THP-1 Cells
- Triglycerides/blood
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Machado-Lima
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM 10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 01246-000, Brazil; (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (R.d.S.P.); (E.R.N.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Envelhecimento, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo CEP 03166-000, Brazil
| | - Raquel López-Díez
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Research Program, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (R.L.-D.); (G.D.); (X.S.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Rodrigo Tallada Iborra
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM 10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 01246-000, Brazil; (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (R.d.S.P.); (E.R.N.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Envelhecimento, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo CEP 03166-000, Brazil
| | - Raphael de Souza Pinto
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM 10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 01246-000, Brazil; (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (R.d.S.P.); (E.R.N.)
- Curso de Biomedicina, Centro Universitário CESMAC, Maceió, Alagoas CEP 57051-160, Brazil
| | - Gurdip Daffu
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Research Program, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (R.L.-D.); (G.D.); (X.S.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Xiaoping Shen
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Research Program, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (R.L.-D.); (G.D.); (X.S.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Edna Regina Nakandakare
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM 10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 01246-000, Brazil; (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (R.d.S.P.); (E.R.N.)
| | - Ubiratan Fabres Machado
- Laboratório de Metabolismo e Endocrinologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Maria Lucia Cardillo Corrêa-Giannella
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM 18), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 01246-000, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo CEP 01225-000, Brazil
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Research Program, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA; (R.L.-D.); (G.D.); (X.S.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Marisa Passarelli
- Laboratório de Lípides (LIM 10), Hospital das Clínicas (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 01246-000, Brazil; (A.M.-L.); (R.T.I.); (R.d.S.P.); (E.R.N.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo CEP 01225-000, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Srivastava RAK, Cefalu AB, Srivastava NS, Averna M. NPC1L1 and ABCG5/8 induction explain synergistic fecal cholesterol excretion in ob/ob mice co-treated with PPAR-α and LXR agonists. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 473:247-262. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03826-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Advanced Glycated apoA-IV Loses Its Ability to Prevent the LPS-Induced Reduction in Cholesterol Efflux-Related Gene Expression in Macrophages. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:6515401. [PMID: 32410861 PMCID: PMC7201780 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6515401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We addressed how advanced glycation (AGE) affects the ability of apoA-IV to impair inflammation and restore the expression of genes involved in cholesterol efflux in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated macrophages. Recombinant human apoA-IV was nonenzymatically glycated by incubation with glycolaldehyde (GAD), incubated with cholesterol-loaded bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), and then stimulated with LPS prior to measurement of proinflammatory cytokines by ELISA. Genes involved in cholesterol efflux were quantified by RT-qPCR, and cholesterol efflux was measured by liquid scintillation counting. Carboxymethyllysine (CML) and pyrraline (PYR) levels, determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), were greater in AGE-modified apoA-IV (AGE-apoA-IV) compared to unmodified-apoA-IV. AGE-apoA-IV inhibited expression of interleukin 6 (Il6), TNF-alpha (Tnf), IL-1 beta (Il1b), toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (Traf6), Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Jak2/Stat3), nuclear factor kappa B (Nfkb), and AGE receptor 1 (Ddost) as well as IL-6 and TNF-alpha secretion. AGE-apoA-IV alone did not change cholesterol efflux or ABCA-1 levels but was unable to restore the LPS-induced reduction in expression of Abca1 and Abcg1. AGE-apoA-IV inhibited inflammation but lost its ability to counteract the LPS-induced changes in expression of genes involved in macrophage cholesterol efflux that may contribute to atherosclerosis.
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Paradela-Dobarro B, Bravo SB, Rozados-Luís A, González-Peteiro M, Varela-Román A, González-Juanatey JR, García-Seara J, Alvarez E. Inflammatory effects of in vivo glycated albumin from cardiovascular patients. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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8
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D'Aronco S, Crotti S, Agostini M, Traldi P, Chilelli NC, Lapolla A. The role of mass spectrometry in studies of glycation processes and diabetes management. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2019; 38:112-146. [PMID: 30423209 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, mass spectrometry has been widely employed in the study of diabetes. This was mainly due to the development of new, highly sensitive, and specific methods representing powerful tools to go deep into the biochemical and pathogenetic processes typical of the disease. The aim of this review is to give a panorama of the scientifically valid results obtained in this contest. The recent studies on glycation processes, in particular those devoted to the mechanism of production and to the reactivity of advanced glycation end products (AGEs, AGE peptides, glyoxal, methylglyoxal, dicarbonyl compounds) allowed to obtain a different view on short and long term complications of diabetes. These results have been employed in the research of effective markers and mass spectrometry represented a precious tool allowing the monitoring of diabetic nephropathy, cardiovascular complications, and gestational diabetes. The same approaches have been employed to monitor the non-insulinic diabetes pharmacological treatments, as well as in the discovery and characterization of antidiabetic agents from natural products. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 38:112-146, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara D'Aronco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Crotti
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Pietro Traldi
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
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9
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Srivastava N, Cefalu AB, Averna M, Srivastava RAK. Lack of Correlation of Plasma HDL With Fecal Cholesterol and Plasma Cholesterol Efflux Capacity Suggests Importance of HDL Functionality in Attenuation of Atherosclerosis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1222. [PMID: 30271349 PMCID: PMC6142045 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of clinical findings suggested HDL-raising as a plausible approach to treat residual risk of CVD. However, lack of CVD risk reduction by elevated HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) through cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibition and enhanced risk reduction in apolipoprotein A-I Milano (apoAI-M) individuals with low HDL-C shifted the focus from HDL-C level to HDL function. In the present study, we investigated correlations between HDL-C, HDL function, fecal cholesterol excretion, and ex vivo plasma cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) in animal models using two HDL modulators, LXR and PPAR-α agonists. In C57Bl mice, LXR agonist, T1317, raised HDL-C by 30%, while PPAR-α agonist, fenofibrate, reduced HDL-C by 30%, but fecal cholesterol showed twofold increase in both cases. CEC showed a 30–40% increase. Combination of LXR and PPAR-α agonists showed no changes in HDL-C, but, interestingly, fecal cholesterol increased by 4.5-fold, and CEC by 40%, suggesting existence of additional pathway for fecal cholesterol excretion. Regression analysis showed a lack of correlation between HDL-C and fecal cholesterol and CEC, while fecal cholesterol showed significant correlation with CEC, a measure of HDL function. ABCA1 and G1, the two important players in RCT showed greater induction with LXR agonist than PPAR-α agonist. HDL-C increased by 40 and 80% in LXR and PPAR-α treated apoA-I transgenic mice, respectively, with 80% increase in fecal cholesterol. A fivefold increase in fecal cholesterol with no correlation with either plasma HDL-C or CEC following co-treatment with LXR and PPAR-α agonists suggested existence of an HDL-independent pathway for body cholesterol elimination. In hyperlipidemic diabetic ob/ob mice also combination of LXR and PPAR-α agonists showed marked increases in fecal cholesterol content (10–20-fold), while HDL-C rise was only 40%, further suggesting HDL-independent elimination of body cholesterol in mice treated with combination of LXR and PPAR-α agonists. Atherosclerosis attenuation by LXR and PPAR-α agonists in LDLr-deficient mice was associated with increased fecal cholesterol, but not HDL-C. However, fecal cholesterol counts showed inverse correlation with aortic cholesteryl ester content. These data suggest: (a) lack of correlation between HDL-C and fecal or aortic cholesterol content; (b) HDL function (CEC) correlated with fecal cholesterol content; (c) association of reduced aortic lipids in LDLr−/− mice with increased fecal cholesterol, but not with HDL-C, and (d) existence of an HDL-independent pathway for fecal cholesterol excretion following co-treatment with LXR and PPAR-α agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Srivastava
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo B Cefalu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Averna
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Soboleva A, Schmidt R, Vikhnina M, Grishina T, Frolov A. Maillard Proteomics: Opening New Pages. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2677. [PMID: 29231845 PMCID: PMC5751279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycation is a ubiquitous non-enzymatic post-translational modification, formed by reaction of protein amino and guanidino groups with carbonyl compounds, presumably reducing sugars and α-dicarbonyls. Resulting advanced glycation end products (AGEs) represent a highly heterogeneous group of compounds, deleterious in mammals due to their pro-inflammatory effect, and impact in pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease and ageing. The body of information on the mechanisms and pathways of AGE formation, acquired during the last decades, clearly indicates a certain site-specificity of glycation. It makes characterization of individual glycation sites a critical pre-requisite for understanding in vivo mechanisms of AGE formation and developing adequate nutritional and therapeutic approaches to reduce it in humans. In this context, proteomics is the methodology of choice to address site-specific molecular changes related to protein glycation. Therefore, here we summarize the methods of Maillard proteomics, specifically focusing on the techniques providing comprehensive structural and quantitative characterization of glycated proteome. Further, we address the novel break-through areas, recently established in the field of Maillard research, i.e., in vitro models based on synthetic peptides, site-based diagnostics of metabolism-related diseases (e.g., diabetes mellitus), proteomics of anti-glycative defense, and dynamics of plant glycated proteome during ageing and response to environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Soboleva
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Rico Schmidt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle, Germany.
| | - Maria Vikhnina
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Tatiana Grishina
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Andrej Frolov
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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11
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Dysfunctional HDL in diabetes mellitus and its role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 440:167-187. [PMID: 28828539 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease, the leading cause of death in the developed and developing countries, is prevalent in diabetes mellitus with 68% cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality. Epidemiological studies suggested inverse correlation between HDL and CVD occurrence. Therefore, low HDL concentration observed in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic individuals was thought to be one of the primary causes of increased risks of CVD. Efforts to raise HDL level via CETP inhibitors, Torcetrapib and Dalcetrapib, turned out to be disappointing in outcome studies despite substantial increases in HDL-C, suggesting that factors beyond HDL concentration may be responsible for the increased risks of CVD. Therefore, recent studies have focused more on HDL function than on HDL levels. The metabolic environment in diabetes mellitus condition such as hyperglycemia-induced advanced glycation end products, oxidative stress, and inflammation promote HDL dysfunction leading to greater risks of CVD. This review discusses dysfunctional HDL as one of the mechanisms of increased CVD risks in diabetes mellitus through adversely affecting components that support HDL function in cholesterol efflux and LDL oxidation. The dampening of reverse cholesterol transport, a key process that removes cholesterol from lipid-laden macrophages in the arterial wall, leads to increased risks of CVD in diabetic patients. Therapeutic approaches to keep diabetes under control may benefit patients from developing CVD.
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12
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Kamtchueng Simo O, Ikhlef S, Berrougui H, Khalil A. Advanced glycation end products affect cholesterol homeostasis by impairing ABCA1 expression on macrophages. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:977-984. [PMID: 28704619 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), which is intimately linked to high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), plays a key role in cholesterol homeostasis and the prevention of atherosclerosis. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of aging and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on RCT as well as on other factors that may affect the antiatherogenic property of HDLs. The transfer of macrophage-derived cholesterol to the plasma and liver and then to the feces for elimination was significantly lower in aged mice than in young mice. Chronic injection of d -galactose (D-gal) or AGEs also significantly reduced RCT (65.3% reduction in [3H]cholesterol levels in the plasma of D-gal-treated mice after 48 h compared with control mice, P < 0.01). The injection of both D-gal and aminoguanidine hydrochloride increased [3H]cholesterol levels in the plasma, although the levels were lower than those of control mice. The in vitro incubation of HDLs with dicarbonyl compounds increased the carbonyl and conjugated diene content of HDLs and significantly reduced PON1 paraoxonase activity (87.4% lower than control HDLs, P < 0.0001). Treating J774A.1 macrophages with glycated fetal bovine serum increased carbonyl formation (39.5% increase, P < 0.003) and reduced ABCA1 protein expression and the capacity of macrophages to liberate cholesterol (69.1% decrease, P < 0.0001). Our results showed, for the first time, that RCT is altered with aging and that AGEs contribute significantly to this alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Souade Ikhlef
- a Research Centre on Aging, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.,b Department of Biology, University Sultan moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Hicham Berrougui
- a Research Centre on Aging, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.,b Department of Biology, University Sultan moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- a Research Centre on Aging, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.,c Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
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13
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López-Díez R, Shekhtman A, Ramasamy R, Schmidt AM. Cellular mechanisms and consequences of glycation in atherosclerosis and obesity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:2244-2252. [PMID: 27166197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modification of proteins imparts diversity to protein functions. The process of glycation represents a complex set of pathways that mediates advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) formation, detoxification, intracellular disposition, extracellular release, and induction of signal transduction. These processes modulate the response to hyperglycemia, obesity, aging, inflammation, and renal failure, in which AGE formation and accumulation is facilitated. It has been shown that endogenous anti-AGE protective mechanisms are thwarted in chronic disease, thereby amplifying accumulation and detrimental cellular actions of these species. Atop these considerations, receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE)-mediated pathways downregulate expression and activity of the key anti-AGE detoxification enzyme, glyoxalase-1 (GLO1), thereby setting in motion an interminable feed-forward loop in which AGE-mediated cellular perturbation is not readily extinguished. In this review, we consider recent work in the field highlighting roles for glycation in obesity and atherosclerosis and discuss emerging strategies to block the adverse consequences of AGEs. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The role of post-translational protein modifications on heart and vascular metabolism edited by Jason R.B. Dyck & Jan F.C. Glatz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel López-Díez
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Alexander Shekhtman
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, United States
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, United States
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, United States.
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