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de Cássia Spacki K, Novi DMP, de Oliveira-Junior VA, Durigon DC, Fraga FC, dos Santos LFO, Helm CV, de Lima EA, Peralta RA, de Fátima Peralta Muniz Moreira R, Corrêa RCG, Bracht A, Peralta RM. Improving Enzymatic Saccharification of Peach Palm ( Bactris gasipaes) Wastes via Biological Pretreatment with Pleurotus ostreatus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2824. [PMID: 37570978 PMCID: PMC10420912 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus was used for biological pretreatment of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) lignocellulosic wastes. Non-treated and treated B. gasipaes inner sheaths and peel were submitted to hydrolysis using a commercial cellulase preparation from T. reesei. The amounts of total reducing sugars and glucose obtained from the 30 d-pretreated inner sheaths were seven and five times higher, respectively, than those obtained from the inner sheaths without pretreatment. No such improvement was found, however, in the pretreated B. gasipaes peels. Scanning electronic microscopy of the lignocellulosic fibers was performed to verify the structural changes caused by the biological pretreatments. Upon the biological pretreatment, the lignocellulosic structures of the inner sheaths were substantially modified, making them less ordered. The main features of the modifications were the detachment of the fibers, cell wall collapse and, in several cases, the formation of pores in the cell wall surfaces. The peel lignocellulosic fibers showed more ordered fibrils and no modification was observed after pre-treatment. In conclusion, a seven-fold increase in the enzymatic saccharification of the Bactris gasipaes inner sheath was observed after pre-treatment, while no improvement in enzymatic saccharification was observed in the B. gasipaes peel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila de Cássia Spacki
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (K.d.C.S.); (D.M.P.N.); (V.A.d.O.-J.); (L.F.O.d.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Danielly Maria Paixão Novi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (K.d.C.S.); (D.M.P.N.); (V.A.d.O.-J.); (L.F.O.d.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Verci Alves de Oliveira-Junior
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (K.d.C.S.); (D.M.P.N.); (V.A.d.O.-J.); (L.F.O.d.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Daniele Cocco Durigon
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (D.C.D.); (R.A.P.)
| | - Fernanda Cristina Fraga
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (F.C.F.); (R.d.F.P.M.M.)
| | - Luís Felipe Oliva dos Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (K.d.C.S.); (D.M.P.N.); (V.A.d.O.-J.); (L.F.O.d.S.); (A.B.)
| | | | | | - Rosely Aparecida Peralta
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (D.C.D.); (R.A.P.)
| | | | - Rúbia Carvalho Gomes Corrêa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologias Limpas, Instituto Cesumar de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação—ICETI, Universidade Cesumar—UNICESUMAR, Maringá 87050-900, Brazil;
| | - Adelar Bracht
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (K.d.C.S.); (D.M.P.N.); (V.A.d.O.-J.); (L.F.O.d.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Rosane Marina Peralta
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (K.d.C.S.); (D.M.P.N.); (V.A.d.O.-J.); (L.F.O.d.S.); (A.B.)
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Ventura M, Holland ME, Smith MB, Chaparro JM, Prenni J, Patz JA, Paskewitz S, Weir TL, Stull VJ. Suitability of maize crop residue fermented by Pleurotus ostreatus as feed for edible crickets: growth performance, micronutrient content, and iron bioavailability. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1157811. [PMID: 37497060 PMCID: PMC10368478 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1157811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-scale farming of edible insects could help combat public health challenges such as protein energy malnutrition and anemia, but reliable low-cost feeds for insects are needed. In resource-limited contexts, where grains such as maize are prohibitively costly for use as insect feed, the feasibility of insect farming may depend on finding alternatives. Here, we explore the potential to modify plentiful maize crop residue with edible mushroom mycelium to generate a low-cost feed adjunct for the farmed two-spotted cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus. Mushroom farming, like insect agriculture, is versatile; it can yield nutritious food while increasing system circularity by utilizing lignocellulosic residues from row crops as inputs. Pleurotus ostreatus, is an edible basidiomycete capable of being cultivated on corn stover (Zea mays). Mushroom harvest results in abundant "spent" substrate, which we investigated as a candidate feed ingredient. We created six cricket feeds containing fermented Pleurotus substrate plus an unfermented control, measuring cricket mass, mortality, and maturation weekly to evaluate cricket growth performance impacts of both fungal fermentation duration and mushroom formation. Pasteurized corn stover was inoculated with P. ostreatus mycelium and fermented for 0, 2, 3, 4, or 8 weeks. Some 4 and 8-week substrates were induced to produce mushrooms through manipulations of temperature, humidity, and light conditions. Dried fermented stover (40%) was added to a 1:1 corn/soy grain mix and fed to crickets ad libitum for 44 days. The unfermented control group showed higher survivorship compared to several fermented diets. Control group mass yield was higher for 2 out of 6 fermented diets. Little variation in cricket iron content was observed via ICP-spectrometry across feeds, averaging 2.46 mg/100 g. To determine bioavailability, we conducted in vitro Caco-2 human colon epithelial cell absorption assays, showing that iron in crickets fed fruiting-induced substrates was more bioavailable than in unfruited groups. Despite more bioavailable iron in crickets reared on post-fruiting substrates, we conclude that Pleurotus-fermented stover is an unsuitable feed ingredient for G. bimaculatus due to high mortality, variability in growth responses within treatments, and low mass yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ventura
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - M Elizabeth Holland
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | | | - Jacqueline M Chaparro
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Jessica Prenni
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Jonathan A Patz
- Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Susan Paskewitz
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Tiffany L Weir
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Valerie J Stull
- Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Dao CN, Tabil LG, Mupondwa E, Dumonceaux T. Modeling the microbial pretreatment of camelina straw and switchgrass by Trametes versicolor and Phanerochaete chrysosporium via solid-state fermentation process: A growth kinetic sub-model in the context of biomass-based biorefineries. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1130196. [PMID: 37089565 PMCID: PMC10117130 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1130196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancing microbial pretreatment of lignocellulose has the potential not only to reduce the carbon footprint and environmental impacts of the pretreatment processes from cradle-to-grave, but also increase biomass valorization, support agricultural growers, and boost the bioeconomy. Mathematical modeling of microbial pretreatment of lignocellulose provides insights into the metabolic activities of the microorganisms as responses to substrate and environment and provides baseline targets for the design, development, and optimization of solid-state-fermentation (SSF) bioreactors, including substrate concentrations, heat and mass transfer. In this study, the growth of Trametes versicolor 52J (TV52J), Trametes versicolor m4D (TVm4D), and Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC) on camelina straw (CS) and switchgrass (SG) during an SSF process was examined. While TV52J illustrated the highest specific growth rate and maximum cell concentration, a mutant strain deficient in cellulose catabolism, TVm4D, performed best in terms of holocellulose preservation and delignification. The hybrid logistic-Monod equation along with holocellulose consumption and delignification models described well the growth kinetics. The oxygen uptake rate and carbon dioxide production rate were directly correlated to the fungal biomass concentration; however, a more sophisticated non-linear relationship might explain those correlations better than a linear model. This study provides an informative baseline for developing SSF systems to integrate fungal pretreatment into a large-scale, on-farm, wet-storage process for the utilization of agricultural residues as feedstocks for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuong Ngoc Dao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- *Correspondence: Cuong Ngoc Dao
| | - Lope G. Tabil
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Edmund Mupondwa
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Tim Dumonceaux
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Tim Dumonceaux
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Ding Z, Kumar Awasthi S, Kumar M, Kumar V, Mikhailovich Dregulo A, Yadav V, Sindhu R, Binod P, Sarsaiya S, Pandey A, Taherzadeh MJ, Rathour R, Singh L, Zhang Z, Lian Z, Kumar Awasthi M. A thermo-chemical and biotechnological approaches for bamboo waste recycling and conversion to value added product: Towards a zero-waste biorefinery and circular bioeconomy. FUEL 2023; 333:126469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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Fungal Assisted Valorisation of Polymeric Lignin: Mechanism, Enzymes and Perspectives. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulose is considered one of the significant recalcitrant materials and also is difficult to break down because of its complex structure. Different microbes such as bacteria and fungi are responsible for breaking down these complex lignin structures. This article discussed briefly the lignin-degrading bacteria and their critical steps involved in lignin depolymerization. In addition, fungi are regarded as the ideal microorganism for the degradation of lignin because of their highly effective hydrolytic and oxidative enzyme systems for the breakdown of lignocellulosic materials. The white rot fungi, mainly belonging to basidiomycetes, is the main degrader of lignin among various microorganisms. This could be achieved because of the presence of lignolytic enzymes such as laccases, lignin peroxidases, and manganese peroxidases. The significance of the fungi and lignolytic enzyme’s role in lignin depolymerization, along with its mechanism and chemical pathways, are emphasized in this article.
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da Costa RMF, Bosch M, Simister R, Gomez LD, Canhoto JM, Batista de Carvalho LAE. Valorisation Potential of Invasive Acacia dealbata, A. longifolia and A. melanoxylon from Land Clearings. Molecules 2022; 27:7006. [PMID: 36296599 PMCID: PMC9610895 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acacia spp. are invasive in Southern Europe, and their high propagation rates produce excessive biomass, exacerbating wildfire risk. However, lignocellulosic biomass from Acacia spp. may be utilised for diverse biorefinery applications. In this study, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), high-performance anion-exchange chromatography pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) and lignin content determinations were used for a comparative compositional characterisation of A. dealbata, A. longifolia and A. melanoxylon. Additionally, biomass was treated with three white-rot fungi species (Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor), which preferentially degrade lignin. Our results showed that the pre-treatments do not significantly alter neutral sugar composition while reducing lignin content. Sugar release from enzymatic saccharification was enhanced, in some cases possibly due to a synergy between white-rot fungi and mild alkali pretreatments. For example, in A. dealbata stems treated with alkali and P. ostreatus, saccharification yield was 702.3 nmol mg-1, which is higher than the samples treated only with alkali (608.1 nmol mg-1), and 2.9-fold higher than the non-pretreated controls (243.9 nmol mg-1). By characterising biomass and pretreatments, generated data creates value for unused biomass resources, contributing to the implementation of sustainable biorefining systems. In due course, the generated value will lead to economic incentives for landowners to cut back invasive Acacia spp. more frequently, thus reducing excess biomass, which exacerbates wildfire risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo M. F. da Costa
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EE, UK
| | - Rachael Simister
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Leonardo D. Gomez
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Jorge M. Canhoto
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís A. E. Batista de Carvalho
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
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Cao C, Zhu Z, Xu C, Gong W, Zhou Y, Yan L, Hu Z, Xie C, Peng Y. Improving saccharification of ramie stalks by synergistic effect of in-house cellulolytic enzymes consortium. AMB Express 2022; 12:119. [PMID: 36114307 PMCID: PMC9481857 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01453-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The high cost of cellulase is one of the main obstacles hindering the large-scale biorefining of lignocellulosic biomass. Therefore, developing efficient method for preparation of cellulase is promising. In the present study, the production of cellulase by Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma harzianum, and Aspergillus niger was optimized, and the synergistic effect of these cellulase on enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated ramie stalks was also evaluated. The maximum CMCase (Carboxymethyl Cellulase) and filter paper activity (FPA) produced by T. reesei reached to 3.12 IU/mL and 0.13 IU/mL, respectively. The maximum activities of CMCase (3.68 IU/mL), FPA (0.04 IU/mL) and β-glucosidase (8.44 IU/mL) were obtained from A. niger. The results also showed that under the premise of the same FPA activity, the contribution of β-glucosidase activity to yield of reducing sugar was greater than that of CMCase. Besides, cellulase produced by T. reesei and A. niger had the best synergistic effect on enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated ramie stalks. The highest reducing sugars yield (417 mg/g dry substrate) was achieved when enzyme cocktail was prepared at the ratio of 1:1, which was 1.36–3.35 folds higher than that of different single enzymes. The present research has provided a novel method for efficient preparation of enzymes consortium for enzymatic hydrolysis of ramie stalks.
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Effect of Ammoniated and/or Basidiomycete White-Rot Fungi Treatment on Rice Straw Proximate Composition, Cell Wall Component, and In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Characteristics. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8050228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Various pretreatments are employed to increase the utilization of rice straw as a ruminant feed ingredient to minimize its negative environmental impact. However, an efficient alternative is still needed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of ammonia and/or white-rot fungi (Pleurotus ostreatus) to degrade lignin, increase the nutritional value, and enhance the rumen fermentability of rice straw. Rice straw was treated with ammonia and/or basidiomycete white-rot fungi (P. ostreatus) with untreated straw as control under solid-state fermentation employing a completely randomized design. The crude protein increased from 2.05% in the control to 3.47% in ammoniated rice straw, 5.24% in basidiomycete white-rot fungi (P. ostreatus), and 6.58% in ammoniated-basidiomycete white-rot fungi-treated (P. ostreatus) rice straw. The ammoniated-basidiomycete white-rot fungi-treated (P. ostreatus) rice straw had the least lignin content (3.76%). Ammoniated-basidiomycete white-rot fungi-treated (P. ostreatus) rice straw had improved in vitro dry matter digestibility (65.52%), total volatile fatty acid (76.56 mM), and total gas production (56.78 mL/g) compared to ammoniated rice straw (56.16%, 67.71 mM, 44.30 mL/g) or basidiomycete white-rot fungi-treated (P. ostreatus) rice straw (61.12%, 75.36 mM, 49.31 mL/g), respectively. The ammoniated-basidiomycete white-rot fungi (P. ostreatus) treatment improved rice straw’s nutritional value, in vitro dry matter digestibility, volatile fatty acids, and gas production.
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Palà M, Woods SE, Hatton FL, Lligadas G. RDRP (Meth)acrylic Homo and Block Polymers from Lignocellulosic Sugar Derivatives. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Palà
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry University Rovira i Virgili Tarragona 43007 Spain
| | - Sarah E. Woods
- Department of Materials Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU UK
| | - Fiona L. Hatton
- Department of Materials Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU UK
| | - Gerard Lligadas
- Laboratory of Sustainable Polymers Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry University Rovira i Virgili Tarragona 43007 Spain
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Basinas P, Rusín J, Chamrádová K, Malachová K, Rybková Z, Novotný Č. Fungal pretreatment parameters for improving methane generation from anaerobic digestion of corn silage. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126526. [PMID: 34896537 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Corn silage was treated by white rot fungi (WRF) to investigate the effect of pretreatment on material's ability to produce methane in anaerobic digestion (AD). The selective fungi Pleurotus ostreatus and Dichomitus squalens promoted biogas generation, whereas the non-selective Trametes versicolor and Irpex lacteus had negative effect. Cumulative methane production after 10-day pretreatment with P. ostreatus at 28 °C rose 1.55-fold. The longer pretreatments of 30 and 60-days had smaller effect. When the pretreatment with P. ostreatus was carried out at 40 °C a high H2S release affected the AD process. Effect of WRF action dependent on the type of corn silage. With typical corn silage, the lignin depolymerisation raised the methane generation from 0.301 to 0.465 m3kgVS-1. In contrast, extensive decomposition of hemicellulose in hybrid corn silage deteriorated the effect of pretreatment on methane production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Basinas
- Institute of Environmental Technology, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava - Poruba 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Rusín
- Institute of Environmental Technology, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava - Poruba 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Chamrádová
- Institute of Environmental Technology, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava - Poruba 708 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Kateřina Malachová
- Institute of Environmental Technology, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava - Poruba 708 00, Czech Republic; Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Rybková
- Institute of Environmental Technology, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava - Poruba 708 00, Czech Republic; Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Čeněk Novotný
- Institute of Environmental Technology, CEET, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15/2172, Ostrava - Poruba 708 00, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Liu Y, Yan Z, He Q, Deng W, Zhou M, Chen Y. Bacterial delignification promotes the pretreatment of rice straw by ionic liquid at high biomass loading. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Nowadays, the climate mitigation policies of EU promote the energy production based on renewable resources. Anaerobic digestion (AD) constitutes a biochemical process that can convert lignocellulosic materials into biogas, used for chemical products isolation or energy production, in the form of electricity, heat or fuels. Such practices are accompanied by several economic, environmental and climatic benefits. The method of AD is an effective method of utilization of several different low-value and negative-cost highly available materials of residual character, such as the lignocellulosic wastes coming from forest, agricultural or marine biomass utilization processes, in order to convert them into directly usable energy. Lignin depolymerization remains a great challenge for the establishment of a full scale process for AD of lignin waste. This review analyzes the method of anaerobic digestion (biomethanation), summarizes the technology and standards involved, the progress achieved so far on the depolymerization/pre-treatment methods of lignocellulosic bio-wastes and the respective residual byproducts coming from industrial processes, aiming to their conversion into energy and the current attempts concerning the utilization of the produced biogas. Substrates’ mechanical, physical, thermal, chemical, and biological pretreatments or a combination of those before biogas production enhance the hydrolysis stage efficiency and, therefore, biogas generation. AD systems are immensely expanding globally, especially in Europe, meeting the high demands of humans for clean energy.
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Wu Y, Guo H, Rahman MS, Chen X, Zhang J, Liu Y, Qin W. Biological pretreatment of corn stover for enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis using Bacillus sp. P3. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:92. [PMID: 34722121 PMCID: PMC8550775 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological pretreatment for the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomasses depends exclusively on the effective pretreatment process. Herein, we report a significant enhancement of enzymatic saccharification obtained with corn stover using a bacterial strain Bacillus sp. P3. The hemicellulose removal from corn stover by the strain Bacillus sp. P3 was evaluated for enhancing subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. Therefore, our study revealed that an alkaline-resistant xylanase as well as other enzymes produced by Bacillus sp. P3 in fermentation broth led to a substantially enhanced hemicellulose removal rate from corn stover within pH 9.36–9.68. However, after a 20-day pretreatment of corn stover by the strain P3, the glucan content was increased by 51% and the xylan content was decreased by 35%. After 72 h of saccharification using 20 U/g of commercial cellulase, the yield of reducing sugar released from 20-day pretreated corn stover was increased by 56% in comparison to the untreated corn stover. Therefore, the use of the strain P3 could be a promising approach to pretreat corn stover for enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis process of industrial bioenergy productions. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwen Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China.,Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1 Canada.,Present Address: Learning Support Team, St Margaret's School, Victoria, BC V8X 3P7 Canada
| | - Haipeng Guo
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1 Canada.,School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 China
| | - Md Shafiqur Rahman
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1 Canada.,Department of Microbiology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Xuantong Chen
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1 Canada
| | - Jinchi Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Yun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Wensheng Qin
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1 Canada
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Genetic Linkage and Physical Mapping for an Oyster Mushroom ( Pleurotus cornucopiae) and Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis for Cap Color. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0095321. [PMID: 34406836 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00953-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oyster mushrooms are grown commercially worldwide, especially in many developing countries, for their easy cultivation and high biological efficiency. Pleurotus cornucopiae is one of the main oyster mushroom species because of its gastronomic value and nutraceutical properties. Cap color is an important trait, since consumers prefer dark mushrooms, which are now represented by only a small portion of the commercial varieties. Breeding efforts are required to improve quality-related traits to satisfy various demands of consumers. Here, we present a saturated genetic linkage map of P. cornucopiae constructed by using a segregating population of 122 monokaryons and 3,449 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated by the 2b-RAD approach. The map contains 11 linkage groups covering 961.6 centimorgans (cM), with an average marker spacing of 0.27 cM. The genome of P. cornucopiae was de novo sequenced, resulting in 425 scaffolds (>1,000 bp) with a total genome size of 35.1 Mb. The scaffolds were assembled to the pseudochromosome level with the assistance of the genetic linkage map. A total of 97% SNP markers (3,357) were physically localized on 140 scaffolds that were assigned to 11 pseudochromosomes, with a total of 32.5 Mb, representing 92.5% of the whole genome. Six quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling cap color of P. cornucopiae were detected, accounting for a total phenotypic variation of 65.6%, with the highest value for the QTL on pseudochromosome 5 (18%). The results of our study provide a solid base for marker-assisted breeding for agronomic traits and especially for studies on biological mechanisms controlling cap color in oyster mushrooms. IMPORTANCE Oyster mushrooms are produced and consumed all over the world. Pleurotus cornucopiae is one of the main oyster mushroom species. Dark-cap oyster mushrooms are becoming more and more popular with consumers, but dark varieties are rare on the market. Prerequisites for efficient breeding programs are the availability of high-quality whole genomes and genetic linkage maps. Genetic studies to fulfill some of these prerequisites have hardly been done for P. cornucopiae. In this study, we de novo sequenced the genome and constructed a saturated genetic linkage map for P. cornucopiae. The genetic linkage map was effectively used to assist the genome assembly and identify QTL that genetically control the trait cap color. As well, the genome characteristics of P. cornucopiae were compared to the closely related species Pleurotus ostreatus. The results provided a basis for understanding the genetic background and marker-assisted breeding of this economically important mushroom species.
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15
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Qin S, Wainaina S, Awasthi SK, Mahboubi A, Liu T, Liu H, Zhou Y, Liu H, Zhang Z, Taherzadeh MJ, Awasthi MK. Fungal dynamics during anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge combined with food waste at high organic loading rates in immersed membrane bioreactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 335:125296. [PMID: 34022478 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the influence of distinct hydraulic retention times (HRT) and organic loading rates (OLRs) on fungal dynamics during food waste anaerobic digestion in immersed membrane-based bio-reactors (iMBR) were investigated. The organic loading rate 4-8 g VS/L/d (R1) and 6-10 g VS/L/d (R2) were set in two iMBR. T1 (1d), T2 (15d) and T3 (34d) samples collected from each bioreactor were analyzed fungal community by using 18s rDNA. In R2, T2 had the most abundant Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota and Mucoromycota. As for R1, T3 also had the richest Cryptomycota except above four kinds of fungi. Subsequently, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Non-Metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling (NMDS) indicated that fungal diversity was varied among the all three phases (T1, T2, and T3) and each treatment (R1 and R2). Finally, the results showed that different OLRs and HRT have significantly influenced the fungal community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Qin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Steven Wainaina
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Amir Mahboubi
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Yuwen Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | | | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190 Borås, Sweden.
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16
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Agustinho BC, Daniel JLP, Zeoula LM, Alcalde CR, Machado E, Bragatto JM, Schneider CR, Santos NW, Matumoto-Pintro PT, Saraiva BR, Osorio JAC, Faciola AP. Enzymatic effects of Pleurotus ostreatus spent substrate on whole-plant corn silage and performance of lactating goats. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:11660-11672. [PMID: 34419269 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) synthesizes enzymes that degrade lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of Pleurotus ostreatus spent substrate (POSS) on whole-plant corn silage (WPCS) chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, lignin monomers, and in vitro digestibility, as well as the performance of lactating goats fed corn silage treated with different levels of POSS. In experiment 1, 4 levels of lignocellulolytic enzymes were tested in a complete randomized design: 0, 10, 20, and 30 mg of lignocellulosic enzymes per kilogram of fresh matter, 4 replicates per treatment (vacuum-sealed bags). The bags were opened 60 d after ensiling. In experiment 2, corn silage treated with 3 enzyme levels (0, 10, or 30 mg/kg of fresh matter) was fed to lactating goats as part of the total mixed ration. Nine lactating Saanen goats (62.68 ± 7.62 kg BW; 44 ± 8 d in milk; 2.91 ± 0.81 kg of milk/day, mean ± SD) were assigned to three 3 × 3 Latin squares. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS (version 9.4, SAS Institute Inc.), and means were compared by linear and quadratic orthogonal contrast. In experiment 1, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin, and cellulose quadratically decreased in the WPCS treated with POSS. At the nadir point, POSS decreased NDF by 14.1%, ADF by 19.5%, lignin by 9.07%, and cellulose by 22.1% compared with the untreated silage. Therefore, POSS led to a quadratic increase in in vitro dry matter digestibility of WPCS (+8.88% at the vertex) compared with the untreated silage. In experiment 2, POSS quadratically increased the in vivo total-tract ADF digestibility. Also, the concentration of polyphenols in the milk of goats linearly increased with the addition of POSS, and no differences were observed among treatments for milk yield and composition. In summary, adding 10 mg of lignocellulolytic enzymes from POSS per kilogram of fresh matter of whole-plant corn at ensiling had a more evident reduction in lignin and cellulose concentration, leading to greater in vitro digestibility, as well as greater in vivo ADF digestibility; however, milk yield was not different among treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Agustinho
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR 87020-900, Brazil; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611; Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844.
| | - J L P Daniel
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - L M Zeoula
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - C R Alcalde
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - E Machado
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - J M Bragatto
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - C R Schneider
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - N W Santos
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - P T Matumoto-Pintro
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - B R Saraiva
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - J A C Osorio
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringa, Maringa, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - A P Faciola
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844.
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17
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Olatunji KO, Ahmed NA, Ogunkunle O. Optimization of biogas yield from lignocellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods: a review. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:159. [PMID: 34281615 PMCID: PMC8287798 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Population increase and industrialization has resulted in high energy demand and consumptions, and presently, fossil fuels are the major source of staple energy, supplying 80% of the entire consumption. This has contributed immensely to the greenhouse gas emission and leading to global warming, and as a result of this, there is a tremendous urgency to investigate and improve fresh and renewable energy sources worldwide. One of such renewable energy sources is biogas that is generated by anaerobic fermentation that uses different wastes such as agricultural residues, animal manure, and other organic wastes. During anaerobic digestion, hydrolysis of substrates is regarded as the most crucial stage in the process of biogas generation. However, this process is not always efficient because of the domineering stableness of substrates to enzymatic or bacteria assaults, but substrates' pretreatment before biogas production will enhance biogas production. The principal objective of pretreatments is to ease the accessibility of the enzymes to the lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose which leads to degradation of the substrates. Hence, the use of pretreatment for catalysis of lignocellulose substrates is beneficial for the production of cost-efficient and eco-friendly process. In this review, we discussed different pretreatment technologies of hydrolysis and their restrictions. The review has shown that different pretreatments have varying effects on lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose degradation and biogas yield of different substrate and the choice of pretreatment technique will devolve on the intending final products of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde Oladoke Olatunji
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Noor A Ahmed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Oyetola Ogunkunle
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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18
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Amido RD, Reyes RG, Kalaw SP, De Leon AM, Aquino DL. Chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of rice straw treated with Pleurotus florida. ALL LIFE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2021.1947392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Reynald D. Amido
- Philippine Carabao Center, National Headquarters and Gene Pool, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
| | - Renato G. Reyes
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
| | - Sofronio P. Kalaw
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
| | - Angeles M. De Leon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
| | - Daniel L. Aquino
- Philippine Carabao Center at Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
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19
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Effects of Pretreatment and Ratio of Solid Sago Waste to Rumen on Biogas Production through Solid-State Anaerobic Digestion. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13137491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Solid sago waste is a potential source of producing renewable energy in the form of biogas. This study investigated the effects of solid sago waste particle size, biological pretreatment using a microbial consortium of lignocelluloses, pretreatment with NaOH, and the ratio between solid sago waste and cow rumen based on the biogas production rate. Several variations of these conditions were used to achieve this. The anaerobic digestion process was conducted over two months at 30.42 °C ± 0.05 °C, and the biogas production rate was measured every two days. The 1:1 ratio showed better results compared to the 2:1, because it allows the bacteria to achieve metabolic balance. The highest cumulative biogas production (27.91 mL/g TS) was generated when the sago waste underwent milling (±1 mm), pretreatment with 4% NaOH g/g TS, and treatment with microbial consortium 5% v/v at a 1:1 ratio of solid sago waste to the rumen.
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20
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da Costa RMF, Winters A, Hauck B, Martín D, Bosch M, Simister R, Gomez LD, Batista de Carvalho LAE, Canhoto JM. Biorefining Potential of Wild-Grown Arundo donax, Cortaderia selloana and Phragmites australis and the Feasibility of White-Rot Fungi-Mediated Pretreatments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:679966. [PMID: 34276732 PMCID: PMC8283202 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.679966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Arundo donax, Cortaderia selloana and Phragmites australis are high-biomass-producing perennial Poalean species that grow abundantly and spontaneously in warm temperate regions, such as in Mediterranean-type climates, like those of Southern Europe, Western United States coastal areas, or in regions of South America, South Africa and Australia. Given their vigorous and spontaneous growth, biomass from the studied grasses often accumulates excessively in unmanaged agro-forestry areas. Nonetheless, this also creates the demand and opportunity for the valorisation of these biomass sources, particularly their cell wall polymers, for biorefining applications. By contrast, a related crop, Miscanthus × giganteus, is a perennial grass that has been extensively studied for lignocellulosic biomass production, as it can grow on low-input agricultural systems in colder climates. In this study Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) and lignin content determinations were used for a comparative compositional characterisation of A. donax, C. selloana and P. australis harvested from the wild, in relation to a trial field-grown M. × giganteus high-yielding genotype. A high-throughput saccharification assay showed relatively high sugar release values from the wild-grown grasses, even with a 0.1M NaOH mild alkali pretreatment. In addition to this alkaline pretreatment, biomass was treated with white-rot fungi (WRF), which preferentially degrade lignin more readily than holocellulose. Three fungal species were used: Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor. Our results showed that neutral sugar contents are not significantly altered, while some lignin is lost during the pretreatments. Furthermore, sugar release upon enzymatic saccharification was enhanced, and this was dependent on the plant biomass and fungal species used in the treatment. To maximise the potential for lignocellulose valorisation, the liquid fractions from the pretreatments were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography - photodiode array detection - electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS n ). This study is one of the first to report on the composition of WRF-treated grass biomass, while assessing the potential relevance of breakdown products released during the treatments, beyond more traditional sugar-for-energy applications. Ultimately, we expect that our data will help promote the valorisation of unused biomass resources, create economic value, while contributing to the implementation of sustainable biorefining systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo M. F. da Costa
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Winters
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Hauck
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Martín
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael Simister
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Leonardo D. Gomez
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jorge M. Canhoto
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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21
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Xie C, Gong W, Zhu Z, Zhou Y, Xu C, Yan L, Hu Z, Ai L, Peng Y. Comparative secretome of white-rot fungi reveals co-regulated carbohydrate-active enzymes associated with selective ligninolysis of ramie stalks. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:911-922. [PMID: 32798284 PMCID: PMC8085959 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present research, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Irpex Lacteus simultaneously degraded lignin and cellulose in ramie stalks, whereas Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii could depolymerize lignin but little cellulose. Comparative proteomic analysis of these four white-rot fungi was used to investigate the molecular mechanism of this selective ligninolysis. 292 proteins, including CAZymes, sugar transporters, cytochrome P450, proteases, phosphatases and proteins with other function, were successfully identified. A total of 58 CAZyme proteins were differentially expressed, and at the same time, oxidoreductases participated in lignin degradation were expressed at higher levels in P. eryngii and P. ostreatus. Enzyme activity results indicated that cellulase activities were higher in P. chrysosporium and I. lacteus, while the activities of lignin-degrading enzymes were higher in P. eryngii and P. ostreatus. In addition to the lignocellulosic degrading enzymes, several proteins including sugar transporters, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, peptidases, proteinases, phosphatases and kinases were also found to be differentially expressed among these four species of white-rot fungi. In summary, the protein expression patterns of P. eryngii and P. ostreatus exhibit co-upregulated oxidoreductase potential and co-downregulated cellulolytic capability relative to those of P. chrysosporium and I. lacteus, providing a mechanism consistent with selective ligninolysis by P. eryngii and P. ostreatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunliang Xie
- Institute of Bast Fiber CropsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha410205China
| | - Wenbing Gong
- Institute of Bast Fiber CropsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha410205China
| | - Zuohua Zhu
- Institute of Bast Fiber CropsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha410205China
| | - Yingjun Zhou
- Institute of Bast Fiber CropsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha410205China
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute of Bast Fiber CropsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha410205China
| | - Li Yan
- Institute of Bast Fiber CropsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha410205China
| | - Zhenxiu Hu
- Institute of Bast Fiber CropsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha410205China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- Institute of Bast Fiber CropsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha410205China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food MicrobiologySchool of Medical Instrument and Food EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China
| | - Yuande Peng
- Institute of Bast Fiber CropsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha410205China
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22
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Weng C, Peng X, Han Y. Depolymerization and conversion of lignin to value-added bioproducts by microbial and enzymatic catalysis. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:84. [PMID: 33812391 PMCID: PMC8019502 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01934-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, the most abundant renewable aromatic compound in nature, is an excellent feedstock for value-added bioproducts manufacturing; while the intrinsic heterogeneity and recalcitrance of which hindered the efficient lignin biorefinery and utilization. Compared with chemical processing, bioprocessing with microbial and enzymatic catalysis is a clean and efficient method for lignin depolymerization and conversion. Generally, lignin bioprocessing involves lignin decomposition to lignin-based aromatics via extracellular microbial enzymes and further converted to value-added bioproducts through microbial metabolism. In the review, the most recent advances in degradation and conversion of lignin to value-added bioproducts catalyzed by microbes and enzymes were summarized. The lignin-degrading microorganisms of white-rot fungi, brown-rot fungi, soft-rot fungi, and bacteria under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were comparatively analyzed. The catalytic metabolism of the microbial lignin-degrading enzymes of laccase, lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, biphenyl bond cleavage enzyme, versatile peroxidase, and β-etherize was discussed. The microbial metabolic process of H-lignin, G-lignin, S-lignin based derivatives, protocatechuic acid, and catechol was reviewed. Lignin was depolymerized to lignin-derived aromatic compounds by the secreted enzymes of fungi and bacteria, and the aromatics were converted to value-added compounds through microbial catalysis and metabolic engineering. The review also proposes new insights for future work to overcome the recalcitrance of lignin and convert it to value-added bioproducts by microbial and enzymatic catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Weng
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaowei Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yejun Han
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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23
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Biocatalytic potential of basidiomycetes: Relevance, challenges and research interventions in industrial processes. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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24
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Kainthola J, Podder A, Fechner M, Goel R. An overview of fungal pretreatment processes for anaerobic digestion: Applications, bottlenecks and future needs. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 321:124397. [PMID: 33249324 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lignin modifying or extracellular enzymes secreted by the white rot fungi have the ability of degrading wide range of lignocellulosic substrates and organic pollutants. Lignocellulosic biomass, despite being a renewable source of energy, is difficult to hydrolyse (hydrolysis being rate-limiting stage in anaerobic digestion process). Various pre-treatment techniques like physical, chemical, thermo-chemical and biological to enhance the accessibility of microbes to carbohydrates have been studied. Recently, usage of white- rot fungi in a biological pre-treatment technique have received renewed interest due to its low cost and eco-friendly nature. This review deals with: a) lignocellulosic biomass recalcitrance, b) various pre-treatment techniques and its economic feasibility, c) delignification and hydrolysis mechanism using white-rot fungi, d) factors controlling white-rot fungi pre- treatment process, and e) improvement in methane production through solid-state anaerobic digestion of white-rot fungi pre-treated lignocellulosic biomass. Finally a future perspective is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Kainthola
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Aditi Podder
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Marcus Fechner
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Ramesh Goel
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States.
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25
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Halophilic Fungal Communities: Current Research and Future Challenges. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-60659-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Fungal Biorefineries for Biofuel Production for Sustainable Future Energy Systems. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68260-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Biological Characterization and Instrumental Analytical Comparison of Two Biorefining Pretreatments for Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Biomass Hydrolysis. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su13010245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Water hyacinth is a rapidly growing troublesome aquatic weed plant, which causes eutrophication in water bodies and irreversible damage to the ecological system. In this work, we have investigated the water hyacinth biomass (WHB) hydrolysis efficacy of dilute alkaline (DA) pretreatment followed by biological pretreatment with white-rot fungus Alternaria alternata strain AKJK-2. The effectiveness of the dilute alkaline (DA) and biological pretreatment process on WHB was confirmed by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), and was further visualized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). XRD spectra showed the increase in the crystallinity of pretreated samples, attributed to the elimination of amorphous components as lignin and hemicellulose. FTIR peak analysis of pre-treated WHB showed substantial changes in the absorption of cellulose functional groups and the elimination of lignin signals. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed firm, compact, highly ordered, and rigid fibril structures without degradation in the untreated WHB sample, while the pretreated samples exhibited loose, dispersed, and distorted structures. XRD indices (Segal, Landis, and Faneite), and FTIR indices [Hydrogen bond intensity (HBI); Total crystallinity index (TCI); and Lateral order crystallinity (LOI)] results were similar to the aforementioned results, and also showed an increase in the crystallinity both in alkaline and biological pretreatments. Alkaline pretreated WHB, with these indices, also showed the highest crystallinity and a crystalline allomorphs mixture of cellulose I (native) and cellulose II. These results were further validated by the CLSM, wherein fluorescent signals were lost after the pretreatment of WHB over control. Overall, these findings showed the significant potential of integrated assessment tools with chemical and biological pretreatment for large-scale utilization and bioconversion of this potential aquatic weed for bioenergy production.
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Development of biocomposites based on bacterial cellulose reinforced delignified rice husk-PVA plasticized with glycerol. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ganguly P, Khan A, Das P, Bhowal A. Cellulose from lignocellulose kitchen waste and its application for energy and environment: bioethanol production and dye removal. Chem Ind 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2020.1833765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Preetha Ganguly
- Department of Chemical engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Ashis Khan
- Department of Chemical engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Papita Das
- Department of Chemical engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
- School of Advanced Studies in Industrial Pollution Control Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Avijit Bhowal
- Department of Chemical engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
- School of Advanced Studies in Industrial Pollution Control Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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Masran R, Bahrin EK, Ibrahim MF, Phang LY, Abd-Aziz S. Simultaneous pretreatment and saccharification of oil palm empty fruit bunch using laccase-cellulase cocktail. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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de Souza L, Y. M, Shivakumar S. Bioconversion of lignocellulosic substrates for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Singhvi M, Kim BS. Lignin valorization using biological approach. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:459-468. [PMID: 32725827 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Due to the structural complexity and recalcitrance nature of lignin, its depolymerization into monomeric units becomes one of the biggest challenges in the bioconversion of lignin into value-added products. Depolymerization of lignin produces a blend of many compounds that are problematic for isolating components in a cost-effective way. Lignin valorization using a biological approach facilitates sustainable and commercially viable biorefineries. The use of microbes for the conversion of depolymerized lignin compounds into target products can be a solution to the heterogeneity issue. Several studies have been carried out to develop robust strains that can utilize all relevant lignin-derived compounds, but constructing these strains is difficult. As an alternative, designing multiple microbes to convert a mixture of various compounds into the desired product seems realistic. This review provides an overview of lignin bioconversion using various approaches such as metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. Ligninolytic strains have a broad enzymatic machine for depolymerization of lignin and its conversion into intermediates such as catechol or protocatechuate. These intermediates can be further converted to metabolite products such as polyhydroxyalkanoates and triacylglycerol. Synthetic biology offers encouraging methodologies to construct pathways for lignin conversion and to engineer ligninolytic microbes as prospective strains for lignin bioconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamata Singhvi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Beuel P, Rieker C, Bursche J. Biogenic Catalysis by Adding Compost when Using Wheat Straw in a Biorefinery Concept. Chem Eng Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Beuel
- Cologne University of Applied Sciences Cologne Institute for Renewable Energy Betzdorfer Str. 2 50679 Cologne Germany
| | - Christiane Rieker
- Cologne University of Applied Sciences Cologne Institute for Renewable Energy Betzdorfer Str. 2 50679 Cologne Germany
| | - Jamile Bursche
- Cologne University of Applied Sciences Cologne Institute for Renewable Energy Betzdorfer Str. 2 50679 Cologne Germany
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Zhu T, Li R, Sun J, Cui Y, Wu B. Characterization and efficient production of a thermostable, halostable and organic solvent-stable cellulase from an oil reservoir. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:622-629. [PMID: 32387598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The manufacture of biofuels from cellulose is regarded as one of practicable strategies to meet increasing energy demand and alleviate environmental issues. Cellulases, which play an important role in the production of second-generation biofuels, are expected to be highly thermostable, halostable and organic solvent-stable to adapt to the harsh conditions in practical application. Here we cloned and characterized a novel cellulase (MaCel) from Mahella australiensis 50-1 BON, an anaerobic thermophile isolated from an oil reservoir. MaCel exhibited excellent thermostability, halostability as well as organic solvent stability, and could be efficiently produced in a yield of 1.7 × 106 U/L in 15 h with inexpensive culture medium. These results indicate that MaCel may be a suitable candidate for industrial applications, illustrating the potential benefits of enzymes from oil reservoir extremophiles in the manufacture of biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Ruifeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Jinyuan Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Yinglu Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Bian Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
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Liew YX, Chan YJ, Manickam S, Chong MF, Chong S, Tiong TJ, Lim JW, Pan GT. Enzymatic pretreatment to enhance anaerobic bioconversion of high strength wastewater to biogas: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 713:136373. [PMID: 31954239 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oil and grease, carbohydrate, protein, and lignin are the main constituents of high strength wastewaters such as dairy wastewater, cheese whey wastewater, distillery wastewater, pulp and paper mill wastewater, and slaughterhouse wastewaters. These constituents have contributed to various operational problems faced by the high-rate anaerobic bioreactor (HRAB). During the hydrolysis stage of anaerobic digestion (AD), these constituents can be hydrolyzed. Since hydrolysis is known to be the rate-limiting step of AD, the overall AD can be enhanced by improving the hydrolysis stage. This can be done by introducing pretreatment that targets the degradation of these constituents. This review mainly focuses on the biological pretreatment on various high-strength wastewaters by using different types of enzymes namely lipase, amylase, protease, and ligninolytic enzymes which are responsible for catalyzing the degradation of oil and grease, carbohydrate, protein, and lignin respectively. This review provides a summary of enzymatic systems involved in enhancing the hydrolysis stage and consequently improve biogas production. The results show that the use of enzymes improves the biogas production in the range of 7 to 76%. Though these improvements are highly dependent on the operating conditions of pretreatment and the types of substrates. Therefore, the critical parameters that would affect the effectiveness of pretreatment are also discussed. This review paper will serve as a useful piece of information to those industries that face difficulties in treating their high-strength wastewaters for the appropriate process, equipment selection, and design of an anaerobic enzymatic system. However, more intensive studies on the optimum operating conditions of pretreatment in a larger-scale and synergistic effects between enzymes are necessary to make the enzymatic pretreatment economically feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh Xiu Liew
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Broga Road, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Yi Jing Chan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Broga Road, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Broga Road, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Mei Fong Chong
- 28, Jalan Pulau Tioman U10/94, Taman Greenhill, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Siewhui Chong
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Broga Road, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Timm Joyce Tiong
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Broga Road, Semenyih 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
| | - Guan-Ting Pan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Zhongxiao E Rd, Da'an District, 106 Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC.
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Xiang Y, Xiang Y, Jiao Y. Simultaneous disintegration of municipal sludge and generation of ethanol with magnetic layered double hydroxides. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121654. [PMID: 31228741 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of magnetic ZnCaFe-layered double hydroxides (MLDH) on the disintegration of municipal sludge and generation of ethanol, the MLDH was synthesized for use in the treatment of municipal sludge. The results indicated that the disintegration performance of municipal sludge was obviously enhanced by the MLDH under visible light irradiation, and the MLDH could also improve saccharification and fermentation in the dark. The yields of 468.9 mg/g for reducing sugar and 136.3 mg/g for ethanol were achieved respectively when the MLDH was 0.3 mg/mL, pretreatment time was 80 min, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) time was 120 h, and enzyme loading was 60 FPU/g. The conversion yields were still higher than that of control group after 6 cycles of the MLDH. Therefore, the recyclable MLDH is promising for the treatment and energy conversion of municipal sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Xiang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration in Shanbei Mining Area, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yukun Xiang
- Yanshou No.1 Middle School, Harbin 150700, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yurong Jiao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration in Shanbei Mining Area, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi, China
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Kainthola J, Kalamdhad AS, Goud VV, Goel R. Fungal pretreatment and associated kinetics of rice straw hydrolysis to accelerate methane yield from anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 286:121368. [PMID: 31071575 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The influence of three different fungal strains-namely, Pleurotus ostreatus (PO), Phanerochaete chrysosposrium (PC), and Ganoderma lucidum (GL)-on pretreatment of rice straw, followed by biochemical methane potential assay was evaluated on the basis of structural (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray diffraction etc.) and quantitative (soluble chemical oxygen demand, volatile fatty acids, etc.) analysis. Maximum lignocellulosic degradation was obtained with PC pretreated rice straw (36% more than an untreated sample), followed by PO. Enhancement in the methane yield after 5 weeks of inoculation time was obtained after pretreatment, which was 269.99, 295.91, and 339.31 mL/g VSadded, for PO, GL, and PC, respectively, 1.64-2.22-fold higher than the untreated one. Kinetic modelling of cumulative methane yield showed that modified gompertz model showed the best fit among all analysed models. This study demonstrated the usefulness of fungal species in enhancing the methane yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Kainthola
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ajay S Kalamdhad
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Vaibhav V Goud
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ramesh Goel
- Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States.
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Chebaibi S, Leriche Grandchamp M, Burgé G, Clément T, Allais F, Laziri F. Improvement of protein content and decrease of anti-nutritional factors in olive cake by solid-state fermentation: A way to valorize this industrial by-product in animal feed. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 128:384-390. [PMID: 31103424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The present work investigates the bioconversion of the olive cake (OC) generated by olive oil industries in Morocco through solid-state fermentation using selected filamentous fungi to increase its nutritional values for subsequent valorization as ruminants feed. The fungi, namely Beauveria bassiana, Fusarium flocciferum, Rhizodiscina cf. lignyota, and Aspergillus niger were cultured on OC for 15 days. Chemical composition as well as enzymes activities were determined. Results showed (i) an increase in protein content of up to 94% for treated OC and (ii) significant (P < 0.05) decreases of phenolic compounds, up to 43%, 70% and 42% for total phenolic content, total flavonoids content, and total condensed tannins, respectively. Moreover, the RP-HPLC analysis of fermented OC confirmed the degradation of individual phenolic compounds by the strains. These findings demonstrate that F. flocciferum and Rhizodiscina cf. lignyota are efficient enzymes producers leading to a nutritive enhancement of this by-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salima Chebaibi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Moulay Ismail University, B.P 11201 Zitoune, Meknès, Morocco; URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), AgroParisTech, 51110 Pomacle, France.
| | - Mathilde Leriche Grandchamp
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), AgroParisTech, 51110 Pomacle, France
| | - Grégoire Burgé
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), AgroParisTech, 51110 Pomacle, France
| | - Tiphaine Clément
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), AgroParisTech, 51110 Pomacle, France
| | - Florent Allais
- URD Agro-Biotechnologies Industrielles (ABI), Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), AgroParisTech, 51110 Pomacle, France
| | - Fatiha Laziri
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Moulay Ismail University, B.P 11201 Zitoune, Meknès, Morocco
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Abstract
Fungal pretreatment is a biological process that uses rotting fungi to reduce the recalcitrance and enhance the enzymatic digestibility of lignocellulosic feedstocks at low temperature, without added chemicals and wastewater generation. Thus, it has been presumed to be low cost. However, fungal pretreatment requires longer incubation times and generates lower yields than traditional pretreatments. Thus, this study assesses the techno-economic feasibility of a fungal pretreatment facility for the production of fermentable sugars for a 75,700 m3 (20 million gallons) per year cellulosic bioethanol plant. Four feedstocks were evaluated: perennial grasses, corn stover, agricultural residues other than corn stover, and hardwood. The lowest estimated sugars production cost ($1.6/kg) was obtained from corn stover, and was 4–15 times as much as previous estimates for conventional pretreatment technologies. The facility-related cost was the major contributor (46–51%) to the sugar production cost, mainly because of the requirement of large equipment in high quantities, due to process bottlenecks such as low sugar yields, low feedstock bulk density, long fungal pretreatment times, and sterilization requirements. At the current state of the technology, fungal pretreatment at biorefinery scale does not appear to be economically feasible, and considerable process improvements are still required to achieve product cost targets.
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An Insight into Fungal Cellulases and Their Industrial Applications. Fungal Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14726-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Srivastava AK, Gupta PK, Hiremath L, Kumar SN, Narayan AV. Biodegradation of Lignocellulosic Biomass and Production of Ethanol Using Potential Microorganisms. Fungal Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23834-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tripathi AD, Srivastava SK, Maurya KK, Mishra S, Shaw D. Current Advancements in Recombinant Technology for Industrial Cellulases: Part-I. Fungal Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14726-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Tiwari S, Verma T. Cellulose as a Potential Feedstock for Cellulose Enzyme Production. Fungal Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14726-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Understanding of the contribution of the fungal treatment conditions in a wheat straw biorefinery that produces enzymes and biogas. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kasprzycka A, Lalak-Kańczugowska J, Tys J. Flammulina velutipes treatment of non-sterile tall wheat grass for enhancing biodegradability and methane production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 263:660-664. [PMID: 29776722 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study fungal pretreatment of non-sterile tall wheat grass via the white rot fungi Flammulina velutipes was studied and the effect on biodegradability of lignocellulosic biomass and methane production, was evaluated. Degradation of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and dry matter in non-sterile tall wheat grass during 28 days of fungal pretreatment using different inoculum ratio (0%-50%) and moisture content (MC) (45% MC, 65% MC, and 75% MC) were assessed via comparison to untreated biomass. Pretreatment with F. velutipes was most effective at 65% MC and 40% inoculum ratio, resulting in 22% lignin removal. The corresponding methane yields were 181.3 Ndm3·kg VS-1, which were 280% higher than for the untreated tall wheat grass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kasprzycka
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Lalak-Kańczugowska
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Tys
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
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Biogas production from different lignocellulosic biomass sources: advances and perspectives. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:233. [PMID: 29725572 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work summarizes different sources of biomass used as raw material for the production of biogas, focusing mainly on the use of plants that do not compete with the food supply. Biogas obtained from edible plants entails a developed technology and good yield of methane production; however, its use may not be sustainable. Biomass from agricultural waste is a cheap option, but in general, with lower methane yields than those obtained from edible plants. On the other hand, the use of algae or aquatic plants promises to be an efficient and sustainable option with high yields of methane produced, but it necessary to overcome the existing technological barriers. Moreover, these last raw materials have the additional advantage that they can be obtained from wastewater treatment and, therefore, they could be applied to the concept of biorefinery. An estimation of methane yield per hectare per year of the some types of biomass and operational conditions employed is presented as well. In addition, different strategies to improve the yield of biogas, such as physical, chemical, and biological pretreatments, are presented. Other alternatives for enhanced the biogas production such as bioaugmentation and biohythane are showed and finally perspectives are mentioned.
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Liu L, Wang S, Guo X, Zhao T, Zhang B. Succession and diversity of microorganisms and their association with physicochemical properties during green waste thermophilic composting. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 73:101-112. [PMID: 29279244 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive characterization of the bacterial diversity associated to thermophilic stages of green waste composting was achieved. In this study, eight different treatments (T1-T8) and three replicated lab-scale green waste composting were carried out to compare the effect of the cellulase (i.e. 0, 2%), microbial inoculum (i.e. 0, 2 and 4%) and particle size (i.e. 2 and 5 mm) on bacterial community structure. Physicochemical properties and bacterial communities of T1-T8 composts were observed, and the bacterial structure and diversity were examined by high-throughput sequencing via a MiSeq platform. The results showed that the most abundant phyla among the treatments were the Firmicutes, Chloroflexi and Proteobacteria. The shannon index and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) showed higher bacterial abundance and diversity at the metaphase of composting. Comparing with 5-mm treatments, particle size of 2-mm had a richer diversity of bacterial communities. The addition of cellulase and a microbial inoculum could promote the fermentation temperature, reduce the compost pH and C/N ratio and result in higher GI index. The humic substance (HS) and humic acid (HA) contents for 2-mm particle size treatments were higher than those of 5-mm treatments. Canonical correspondence analysis suggested that differences in bacterial abundance and diversity significantly correlated with HA, E4/E6 and temperature, and the relationship between bacterial diversity and environmental parameters was affected by composting stages. Based on these results, the application of cellulase to promote green waste composting was feasible, and particle size was identified as a potential control of composting physicochemical properties and bacterial diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Key Lab of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- Tianjin LVYIN Landscape and Ecology Construction Co., Ltd, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Guo
- College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Key Lab of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Tingning Zhao
- College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Key Lab of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Bolin Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
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49
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Tan H, Miao R, Liu T, Yang L, Yang Y, Chen C, Lei J, Li Y, He J, Sun Q, Peng W, Gan B, Huang Z. A bifunctional cellulase-xylanase of a new Chryseobacterium strain isolated from the dung of a straw-fed cattle. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:381-398. [PMID: 29205864 PMCID: PMC5812240 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new cellulolytic strain of Chryseobacterium genus was screened from the dung of a cattle fed with cereal straw. A putative cellulase gene (cbGH5) belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 5 subfamily 46 (GH5_46) was identified and cloned by degenerate PCR plus genome walking. The CbGH5 protein was overexpressed in Pichia pastoris, purified and characterized. It is the first bifunctional cellulase-xylanase reported in GH5_46 as well as in Chryseobacterium genus. The enzyme showed an endoglucanase activity on carboxymethylcellulose of 3237 μmol min-1 mg-1 at pH 9, 90 °C and a xylanase activity on birchwood xylan of 1793 μmol min-1 mg-1 at pH 8, 90 °C. The activity level and thermophilicity are in the front rank of all the known cellulases and xylanases. Core hydrophobicity had a positive effect on the thermophilicity of this enzyme. When similar quantity of enzymatic activity units was applied on the straws of wheat, rice, corn and oilseed rape, CbGH5 could obtain 3.5-5.0× glucose and 1.2-1.8× xylose than a mixed commercial cellulase plus xylanase of Novozymes. When applied on spent mushroom substrates made from the four straws, CbGH5 could obtain 9.2-15.7× glucose and 3.5-4.3× xylose than the mixed Novozymes cellulase+xylanase. The results suggest that CbGH5 could be a promising candidate for industrial lignocellulosic biomass conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tan
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Renyun Miao
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Tianhai Liu
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Lufang Yang
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Yumin Yang
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Chunxiu Chen
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Jianrong Lei
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Yuhui Li
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jiabei He
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qun Sun
- College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Weihong Peng
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Bingcheng Gan
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
| | - Zhongqian Huang
- National‐local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Breeding and Cultivation of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Soil and Fertilizer InstituteSichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengduChina
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro‐microbial Resource and Utilization in Southwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureChengduChina
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50
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Joseph G, Wang L. Production of Biofuels from Biomass by Fungi. Fungal Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90379-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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