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Gavilan RG, Caro-Castro J, Blondel CJ, Martinez-Urtaza J. Vibrio parahaemolyticus Epidemiology and Pathogenesis: Novel Insights on an Emerging Foodborne Pathogen. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1404:233-251. [PMID: 36792879 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-22997-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The epidemiological dynamics of V. parahaemolyticus´ infections have been characterized by the abrupt appearance of outbreaks in remote areas where these diseases had not been previously detected, without knowing the routes of entry of the pathogens in the new area. However, there are recent studies that show the link between the appearance of epidemic outbreaks of Vibrio and environmental factors such as oceanic transport of warm waters, which has provided a possible mechanism for the dispersion of Vibrio diseases globally. Despite this evidence, there is little information on the possible routes of entry and transport of infectious agents from endemic countries to the entire world. In this sense, the recent advances in genomic sequencing tools are making it possible to infer possible biogeographical patterns of diverse pathogens with relevance in public health like V. parahaemolyticus. In this chapter, we will address several general aspects about V. parahaemolyticus, including their microbiological and genetic detection, main virulence factors, and the epidemiology of genotypes involved in foodborne outbreaks globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronnie G Gavilan
- Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Peru. .,Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru.
| | | | - Carlos J Blondel
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina y Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime Martinez-Urtaza
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Ogayar E, Larrañaga I, Lomba A, Kaberdin VR, Arana I, Orruño M. Efficiency and specificity of CARD-FISH probes in detection of marine vibrios. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 13:928-933. [PMID: 34658169 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio is a bacterial genus widely distributed in natural aquatic systems. Some Vibrio species can cause severe diseases in both marine organisms and humans. Previous studies revealed a link between the current climate change and increased incidence of the Vibrio-associated diseases recently causing sanitary, economic and/or ecological problems worldwide. The conventional culture-based methods (e.g. selection on TCBS agar) used to monitor the presence of Vibrio spp. in environmental samples are not always straightforward and can underestimate the number of cells, especially in microbial populations containing a fraction of 'dormant' cells (e.g. cells in the Viable but Non Culturable [VBNC] state). This problem can be overcome by using alternative culture-free approaches such as Catalysed Reporter Deposition-Fluorescence In situ Hybridization (CARD-FISH). To select an efficient CARD-FISH probe for detection of Vibrio spp. in environmental samples, we have assessed the most promising probes described in the literature by using both computer-assisted and experimental approaches. Our results demonstrate that the use of the optimized protocol along with a very specific probe, ViB572a, can offer the high sensitivity and selectivity of CARD-FISH detection of marine vibrios in natural seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elixabet Ogayar
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48340, Spain
| | - Irene Larrañaga
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48340, Spain
| | - Ana Lomba
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48340, Spain
| | - Vladimir R Kaberdin
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48340, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), Plentzia, 48620, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
| | - Inés Arana
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48340, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), Plentzia, 48620, Spain
| | - Maite Orruño
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, 48340, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), Plentzia, 48620, Spain
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Tan L, Li H, Chen B, Huang J, Li Y, Zheng H, Liu H, Zhao Y, Wang JJ. Dual-species biofilms formation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Shewanella putrefaciens and their tolerance to photodynamic inactivation. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.107983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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García-Hernández J, Hernández M, Moreno Y. Combination of Direct Viable Count and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (DVC-FISH) as a Potential Method for Identifying Viable Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Oysters and Mussels. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071502. [PMID: 34209577 PMCID: PMC8303443 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a human food-borne pathogen with the ability to enter the food chain. It is able to acquire a viable, non-cultivable state (VBNC), which is not detected by traditional methods. The combination of the direct viable count method and a fluorescent in situ hybridization technique (DVC-FISH) makes it possible to detect microorganisms that can present VBNC forms in complex samples The optimization of the in vitro DVC-FISH technique for V. parahaemolyticus was carried out. The selected antibiotic was ciprofloxacin at a concentration of 0.75 μg/mL with an incubation time in DVC broth of 5 h. The DVC-FISH technique and the traditional plate culture were applied to detect and quantify the viable cells of the affected pathogen in artificially contaminated food matrices at different temperatures. The results obtained showed that low temperatures produced an important logarithmic decrease of V. parahaemolyticus, while at 22 °C, it proliferated rapidly. The DVC-FISH technique proved to be a useful tool for the detection and quantification of V. parahaemolyticus in the two seafood matrices of oysters and mussels. This is the first study in which this technique has been developed to detect viable cells for this microorganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge García-Hernández
- Advanced Center for Food Microbiology, Biotechnology Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-658993099
| | - Manuel Hernández
- Advanced Center for Food Microbiology, Biotechnology Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Yolanda Moreno
- Research Institute of Water and Environmental Ingeneering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
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Pires NMM, Dong T, Yang Z, da Silva LFBA. Recent methods and biosensors for foodborne pathogen detection in fish: progress and future prospects to sustainable aquaculture systems. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1852-1876. [PMID: 32539431 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1767032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aquaculture industry has advanced toward sustainable recirculating systems, in where parameters of food quality are strictly monitored. Despite that, as in the case of conventional aquaculture practices, the recirculating systems also suffer threats from Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp., Streptococcus spp., among other foodborne pathogens infecting farmed fish. The aquaculture pathogens are routinely detected by conventional PCR methods or antibody-based tests, with the detection protocols confined to laboratory use. Emerging assay technologies and biosensors recently reported in the literature open new opportunities to the development of sensitive, specific, and portable analytical devices to use in the field. Techniques of DNA/RNA analysis, immunoassays and other nanomolecular technologies have been facing important advances in response time, sensitivity, and enhanced power of discrimination among and within species. Moreover, the recent developments of electrochemical and optical signal transduction have facilitated the incorporation of the innovative assays to practical miniaturized devices. In this work, it is provided a critical review over foodborne pathogen detection by existing and promising methods and biosensors applied to fish samples and extended to other food matrices. While isothermal DNA/RNA amplification methods can be highlighted among the assay methods for their promising analytical performance and suitability for point-of-care testing, the electrochemical transduction provides a way to achieve cost-effective biosensors amenable to use in the aquaculture field. The adoption of new methods and biosensors would constitute a step forward in securing sustainable aquaculture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno M M Pires
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Smart Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Microsystems- IMS, Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway-USN, Kongsberg, Norway.,Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Ås, Norway
| | - Tao Dong
- Department of Microsystems- IMS, Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway-USN, Kongsberg, Norway
| | - Zhaochu Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Smart Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Luís F B A da Silva
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Systems and Smart Transduction, Collaborative Innovation Center on Micro-Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco-Internet of Things, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro-Nano Systems Technology and Smart Transducing, National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
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Chen P, Wang JJ, Hong B, Tan L, Yan J, Zhang Z, Liu H, Pan Y, Zhao Y. Characterization of Mixed-Species Biofilm Formed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2543. [PMID: 31787947 PMCID: PMC6856058 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed-species biofilms are the predominant form of biofilms found in nature. Research on biofilms have typically concentrated on single species biofilms and this study expands the horizon of biofilm research, where the characterization and dynamic changes of mono and mixed-species biofilms formed by the pathogens, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes were investigated. Compared to mono-species biofilm, the biomass, bio-volume, and thickness of mixed-species biofilms were significantly lower, which were confirmed using crystal violet staining, confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Further experimental analysis showed these variations might result from the reduction of bacterial numbers, the down-regulation of biofilm-regulated genes and loss of metabolic activity in mixed-species biofilm. In addition, V. parahaemolyticus was located primarily on the surface layers of the mixed-species biofilms thus accruing competitive advantage. This competitive advantage was evidenced in a higher V. parahaemolyticus population density in the mixed-species biofilms. The adhesion to surfaces of the mixed-species biofilms were also reduced due to lower concentrations of extracellular polysaccharide and protein when the structure of the mixed-species was examined using Raman spectral analysis, phenol-sulfuric acid method and Lowry method. Furthermore, the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration to antibiotics obviously decreased when V. parahaemolyticus co-exited with L. monocytogenes. This study firstly elucidated the interactive behavior in biofilm development of two foodborne pathogens, and future studies for biofilm control and antibiotic therapy should take into account interactions in mixed-species biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Hong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Tan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaohuan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiquan Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Food Thermal-Processing Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Pan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
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Girard L, Peuchet S, Servais P, Henry A, Charni-Ben-Tabassi N, Baudart J. Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Total Viable Vibrio spp. in a NW Mediterranean Coastal Area. Microbes Environ 2017; 32:210-218. [PMID: 28724850 PMCID: PMC5606690 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me17028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A cellular approach combining Direct Viable Counting and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization using a one-step multiple-probe technique and Solid Phase Cytometry (DVC-FISH-SPC) was developed to monitor total viable vibrios and cover the detection of a large diversity of vibrios. FISH combined three probes in the same assay and targeted sequences located at different positions on the 16S rRNA of Vibrio and Aliivibrio members. We performed a 10-month in situ study to investigate the weekly dynamics of viable vibrios relative to culturable counts at two northwestern Mediterranean coastal sites, and identified the key physicochemical factors for their occurrence in water using a multivariate analysis. Total viable and culturable cell counts showed the same temporal pattern during the warmer season, whereas the ratios between both methods were inverted during the colder seasons (<15°C), indicating that some of the vibrio community had entered into a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. We confirmed that Seawater Surface Temperature explained 51–62% of the total variance in culturable counts, and also showed that the occurrence of viable vibrios is controlled by two variables, pheopigment (15%) and phosphate (12%) concentrations, suggesting that other unidentified factors play a role in maintaining viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Girard
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls sur mer, F-66650 Banyuls sur Mer
| | - Sébastien Peuchet
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls sur mer, F-66650 Banyuls sur Mer
| | - Pierre Servais
- Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles
| | | | | | - Julia Baudart
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls sur mer, F-66650 Banyuls sur Mer
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8
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Zhou S, Gao ZX, Zhang M, Liu DY, Zhao XP, Liu Y. Development of a quadruplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for field detection of four Vibrio species associated with fish disease. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1104. [PMID: 27468405 PMCID: PMC4947467 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2760-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A quadruplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method was developed to detect four Vibrio species, including Vibrio ichthyoenteri, Vibrioparahaemolyticus, Vibrioscophthalmi, and Vibrio vulnificus, simultaneously. Four sets of species-specific primers were designed with different restriction sites contained in the inner primers. The quadruplex LAMP method could distinguish four Vibrio species via the subsequent restriction enzyme analysis. The sensitivity of the quadruplex LAMP method were 102–103 times higher than the sensitivity of conventional PCR. V. scophthalmi, V. vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus and V. ichthyoenteri could be detected in the different tissues of the infected fish by the quadruplex LAMP method simply and conveniently through using SYBR Green I to facilitate visual inspection of the LAMP products. The method we developed in this study could be a simple and convenient diagnostic tool for field detection of Vibrio infection in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Zhou
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 People's Republic of China.,College of Fisheries, Qingdao Ocean University, Qingdao, 266100 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xin Gao
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Yang Liu
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Peng Zhao
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 People's Republic of China
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9
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Letchumanan V, Chan KG, Lee LH. Vibrio parahaemolyticus: a review on the pathogenesis, prevalence, and advance molecular identification techniques. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:705. [PMID: 25566219 PMCID: PMC4263241 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative halophilic bacterium that is found in estuarine, marine and coastal environments. V. parahaemolyticus is the leading causal agent of human acute gastroenteritis following the consumption of raw, undercooked, or mishandled marine products. In rare cases, V. parahaemolyticus causes wound infection, ear infection or septicaemia in individuals with pre-existing medical conditions. V. parahaemolyticus has two hemolysins virulence factors that are thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh)-a pore-forming protein that contributes to the invasiveness of the bacterium in humans, and TDH-related hemolysin (trh), which plays a similar role as tdh in the disease pathogenesis. In addition, the bacterium is also encodes for adhesions and type III secretion systems (T3SS1 and T3SS2) to ensure its survival in the environment. This review aims at discussing the V. parahaemolyticus growth and characteristics, pathogenesis, prevalence and advances in molecular identification techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vengadesh Letchumanan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Bandar Sunway, Malaysia ; Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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Lee Y, Lin CM, Jeng CR, Pang VF. Detection of torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 in porcine tissues by in situ hybridization using multi-strained pooled probes. Vet Microbiol 2014; 172:390-9. [PMID: 24984843 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Porcine torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) has been suggested as a co-factor for the development of porcine circovirus-associated diseases. However, the pathogenic role of TTSuV is still inconclusive, and the target cell and tissue tropism of this virus are also ambiguous. In the present study, a multi-strained pooled probe-based in situ hybridization was established to detect the nucleic acids of TTSuV1 and TTSuV2 in the tissue. The strategy of using polymerase chain reaction-derived digoxigenin-labeled multi-strained pooled probe, instead of single-strained probe or oligonucleotide, was to overcome the fact of high sequence diversity among TTSuV strains and simultaneous infection with distinct strains of TTSuV in the same animal. The cell tropism and tissue distribution were evaluated by grading system with tissues from major organs. Lymphoid tissues, including superficial inguinal, mesenteric, and hilar lymph nodes, tonsil, intestinal lamina propria of mucosa and Peyer's patches, and sometimes spleen, generally contained higher levels of positive signals and are considered as the target sites for TTSuV. Morphologically, the distribution of TTSuV-positive signals had a strong correlation with the T lymphocyte zone. T lymphocytes are, thus, speculated as the major target cells for TTSuV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lee
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Lin
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Ren Jeng
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Victor Fei Pang
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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11
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Yamazaki K. Development of a Rapid Enumeration Method Based on Fluorescence in situ Hybridization and the Control of Food-borne Pathogens. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.61.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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SHIMIZU S, AOI R, OSANAI Y, KAWAI Y, YAMAZAKI K. Rapid Quantitative Detection of Salmonella enterica Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization with Filter-cultivation (FISHFC) Method. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.19.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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Bisha B, Simonson J, Janes M, Bauman K, Goodridge LD. A review of the current status of cultural and rapid detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Int J Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.02950.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Enomoto M, Nakagawa S, Sawabe T. Microbial communities associated with holothurians: presence of unique bacteria in the coelomic fluid. Microbes Environ 2012; 27:300-5. [PMID: 22446312 PMCID: PMC4036045 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrates interact with various microorganisms ranging from pathogens to symbionts. One-to-one symbiosis between a single microbial species and a single host animal has served as a model for the study of host-microbe interactions. In addition, increasing attention has recently been focused on the complex symbiotic associations, e.g., associations between sponges and their symbionts, due to their biotechnological potential; however, relatively little is known about the microbial diversity associated with members of the phylum Echinodermata. Here, for the first time, we investigated microbial communities associated with a commercially important holothurian species, Apostichopus japonicus, using culture-dependent and -independent methods. Diverse and abundant heterotrophs, mostly Gammaproteobacteria members, were cultured semi-quantitatively. Using the cloning and sequencing technique, different microbial communities were found in different holothurian tissues. In the holothurian coelomic fluid, potentially metabolically active and phylogenetically unique members of Epsilonproteobacteria and Rickettsiales were discovered. This study suggests that coelomic fluids of marine invertebrates, at least those inhabiting intertidal areas where physical and chemical conditions fluctuate, provide microbes with unique and stable habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Enomoto
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan
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15
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Okabe S, Oshiki M, Kamagata Y, Yamaguchi N, Toyofuku M, Yawata Y, Tashiro Y, Nomura N, Ohta H, Ohkuma M, Hiraishi A, Minamisawa K. A great leap forward in microbial ecology. Microbes Environ 2011; 25:230-40. [PMID: 21576878 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me10178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence-based molecular techniques emerged in the late 1980s, which completely changed our general view of microbial life. Coincidentally, the Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology (JSME) was founded, and its official journal "Microbes and Environments (M&E)" was launched, in 1985. Thus, the past 25 years have been an exciting and fruitful period for M&E readers and microbiologists as demonstrated by the numerous excellent papers published in M&E. In this minireview, recent progress made in microbial ecology and related fields is summarized, with a special emphasis on 8 landmark areas; the cultivation of uncultured microbes, in situ methods for the assessment of microorganisms and their activities, biofilms, plant microbiology, chemolithotrophic bacteria in early volcanic environments, symbionts of animals and their ecology, wastewater treatment microbiology, and the biodegradation of hazardous organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okabe
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060–8628, Japan.
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Aoi R, Shimizu S, Yamazaki K, Sawabe T, Kawai Y. Rapid Quantification of Escherichia coli as an Indicator of Food Contamination Using Fluorescence in situ Hybridization with Filter Cultivation (FISHFC). J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.58.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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