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Cendelin J, Cvetanovic M, Gandelman M, Hirai H, Orr HT, Pulst SM, Strupp M, Tichanek F, Tuma J, Manto M. Consensus Paper: Strengths and Weaknesses of Animal Models of Spinocerebellar Ataxias and Their Clinical Implications. THE CEREBELLUM 2021; 21:452-481. [PMID: 34378174 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-021-01311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) represent a large group of hereditary degenerative diseases of the nervous system, in particular the cerebellum, and other systems that manifest with a variety of progressive motor, cognitive, and behavioral deficits with the leading symptom of cerebellar ataxia. SCAs often lead to severe impairments of the patient's functioning, quality of life, and life expectancy. For SCAs, there are no proven effective pharmacotherapies that improve the symptoms or substantially delay disease progress, i.e., disease-modifying therapies. To study SCA pathogenesis and potential therapies, animal models have been widely used and are an essential part of pre-clinical research. They mainly include mice, but also other vertebrates and invertebrates. Each animal model has its strengths and weaknesses arising from model animal species, type of genetic manipulation, and similarity to human diseases. The types of murine and non-murine models of SCAs, their contribution to the investigation of SCA pathogenesis, pathological phenotype, and therapeutic approaches including their advantages and disadvantages are reviewed in this paper. There is a consensus among the panel of experts that (1) animal models represent valuable tools to improve our understanding of SCAs and discover and assess novel therapies for this group of neurological disorders characterized by diverse mechanisms and differential degenerative progressions, (2) thorough phenotypic assessment of individual animal models is required for studies addressing therapeutic approaches, (3) comparative studies are needed to bring pre-clinical research closer to clinical trials, and (4) mouse models complement cellular and invertebrate models which remain limited in terms of clinical translation for complex neurological disorders such as SCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Cendelin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 75, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic. .,Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 75, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic.
| | - Marija Cvetanovic
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Mandi Gandelman
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Hirokazu Hirai
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neural Repair, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.,Viral Vector Core, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Harry T Orr
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Stefan M Pulst
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, 175 North Medical Drive East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Michael Strupp
- Department of Neurology and German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Filip Tichanek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 75, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic.,Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 75, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Tuma
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 75, 323 00, Plzen, Czech Republic.,The Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, MC 7843, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Mario Manto
- Unité des Ataxies Cérébelleuses, Service de Neurologie, CHU-Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium.,Service des Neurosciences, Université de Mons, UMons, Mons, Belgium
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Embryonic Cerebellar Graft Morphology Differs in Two Mouse Models of Cerebellar Degeneration. THE CEREBELLUM 2020; 18:855-865. [PMID: 31418135 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-019-01067-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cerebellar diseases causing substantial cell loss often lead to severe functional deficits and restoration of cerebellar function is difficult. Neurotransplantation therapy could become a hopeful method, but there are still many limitations and unknown aspects. Studies in a variety of cerebellar mutant mice reflecting heterogeneity of human cerebellar degenerations show promising results as well as new problems and questions to be answered. The aim of this work was to compare the development of embryonic cerebellar grafts in adult B6CBA Lurcher and B6.BR pcd mutant mice and strain-matched healthy wild type mice. Performance in the rotarod test, graft survival, structure, and volume was examined 2 months after the transplantation or sham-operation. The grafts survived in most of the mice of all types. In both B6CBA and B6.BR wild type mice and in pcd mice, colonization of the host's cerebellum was a common finding, while in Lurcher mice, the grafts showed a low tendency to infiltrate the host's cerebellar tissue. There were no significant differences in graft volume between mutant and wild type mice. Nevertheless, B6CBA mice had smaller grafts than their B6.BR counterparts. The transplantation did not improve the performance in the rotarod test. The study showed marked differences in graft integration into the host's cerebellum in two types of cerebellar mutants, suggesting disease-specific factors influencing graft fate.
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Vožeh F. Twenty years of cerebellar degeneration research at the department of pathological physiology, faculty of medicine, Pilsen, Charles University. Physiol Res 2018; 67:S593-S599. [PMID: 30607966 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutant Lurcher mice represent an animal model of naturally occurring cerebellar degeneration. A gene mutation causes the demise of all Purkinje cells, as along with certain other types, as well as the functional elimination of the cerebellar cortex. Involvement in the research using this model of the C3H strain began at the Department of Physiology, UCL in 1995/96. It continued in scientific cooperation with other European laboratories where we obtained Lurcher mice of the B6CBA strain. The aim of the effort was first to identify the extent to which the cerebellum is involved in the higher nervous activity, i.e. cognitive and other functions. In that research, use was made of an entire array of methodological procedures to examine learning, memory, motor functions and emotional behavior. It was completed with an electrophysiological examination of the brain and special microscopic procedures. The results demonstrated that the cerebellum (aside from its traditional tasks) does in fact play a significant role in cognitive function, emotions, etc. It was further found that the neurodegenerative processes also affected the immune and endocrine functions, confirming the concept of the unity of the psycho-neuroendocrine-immune system. Surprisingly, despite their neurological impairment, the affected animals were able to learn to some extent and, make progress with physical training, improving not only their motor skills but also learning and memory, including deferring of signs of aging. These particular findings may prove useful for human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vožeh
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic.
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Brychtova M, Thiele JA, Lysak D, Holubova M, Kralickova M, Vistejnova L. Mesenchymal stem cells as the near future of cardiology medicine - truth or wish? Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2018; 163:8-18. [PMID: 30439932 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac damage is one of major cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. Despite the development in pharmacotherapy, cardiosurgery and interventional cardiology, many patients remain at increased risk of developing adverse cardiac remodeling. An alternative treatment approach is the application of stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells are among the most promising cell types usable for cardiac regeneration. Their homing to the damaged area, differentiation into cardiomyocytes, paracrine and/or immunomodulatory effect on cardiac tissue was investigated extensively. Despite promising preclinical reports, clinical trials on human patients are not convincing. Meta-analyses of these trials open many questions and show that routine clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells as a cardiac treatment may be not as helpful as expected. This review summarizes contemporary knowledge about mesenchymal stem cells role in cardiac tissue repair and discusses the problems and perspectives of this experimental therapeutical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Brychtova
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jana-Aletta Thiele
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Lysak
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Holubova
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Milena Kralickova
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vistejnova
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Shen Y, Zhang L, Wang D, Bao Y, Liu C, Xu Z, Huang W, Cheng C. Regulation of Glioma Cells Migration by DYRK2. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:3093-3102. [PMID: 28677030 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2), a protein kinase that phosphorylates its substrates on serine/threonine, is expressed in numerous human tumors, but little is known about its role in the pathophysiology of glioma. In this study, we made an effort to explore the expression and function in human glioma. Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis were performed to investigate the expression of DYRK2 protein in glioma tissues in 84 patients. Wound healing and transwell assay were carried out to determine the cell migration ability. We showed that the level of DYRK2 was significantly decreased in high-grade glioma tissues compared with low-grade tissues. In addition, the expression level of DYRK2 was positively correlated with glioma pathological grade and E-cadherin expression. Kaplane-Meier analysis revealed that low expression of DYRK2 was related to poor prognosis of glioma patients. Furthermore, wound healing and transwell assay revealed that DYRK2 could suppress cell migration and affect the expression levels of E-cadherin and vimentin through PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. Taken together, our results implied that DYRK2 could serve as a promising prognostic biomarker as well as a potential therapeutical target of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifen Shen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Donglin Wang
- Department of Pathogen, Medical College, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Bao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Wei Huang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Cheng
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Ma J, Yu J, Liu J, Yang X, Lou M, Liu J, Feng F, Ji P, Wang L. MicroRNA-302a targets GAB2 to suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:1159-1167. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Transplantation of Embryonic Cerebellar Grafts Improves Gait Parameters in Ataxic Lurcher Mice. THE CEREBELLUM 2016; 14:632-41. [PMID: 25700681 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-015-0656-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary cerebellar ataxias are severe diseases for which therapy is currently not sufficiently effective. One of the possible therapeutic approaches could be neurotransplantation. Lurcher mutant mice are a natural model of olivocerebellar degeneration representing a tool to investigate its pathogenesis as well as experimental therapies for hereditary cerebellar ataxias. The effect of intracerebellar transplantation of embryonic cerebellar solid tissue or cell suspension on motor performance in adult Lurcher mutant and healthy wild-type mice was studied. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor level was measured in the graft and adult cerebellar tissue. Gait analysis and rotarod, horizontal wire, and wooden beam tests were carried out 2 or 6 months after the transplantation. Higher level of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor was found in the Lurcher cerebellum than in the embryonic and adult wild-type tissue. A mild improvement of gait parameters was found in graft-treated Lurcher mice. The effect was more marked in cell suspension grafts than in solid transplants and after the longer period than after the short one. Lurcher mice treated with cell suspension and examined 6 months later had a longer hind paw stride (4.11 vs. 3.73 mm, P < 0.05) and higher swing speed for both forepaws (52.46 vs. 32.79 cm/s, P < 0.01) and hind paws (63.46 vs. 43.67 cm/s, P < 0.001) than controls. On the other hand, classical motor tests were not capable of detecting clearly the change in the motor performance. No strong long-lasting negative effect of the transplantation was seen in wild-type mice, suggesting that the treatment has no harmful impact on the healthy cerebellum.
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Yonkunas M, Kurnikova M. The Hydrophobic Effect Contributes to the Closed State of a Simplified Ion Channel through a Conserved Hydrophobic Patch at the Pore-Helix Crossing. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:284. [PMID: 26640439 PMCID: PMC4661268 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion selectivity-filter structures are strikingly similar throughout the large family of K++ channels and other p-loop-like receptors (i.e., glutamate receptors). At the same time, the triggers for opening these channels, or gating, are diverse. Two questions that remain unanswered regarding these channels are: (1) what force(s) stabilize the closed non-conducting channel-pore conformation? And (2) what is the free energy associated with transitioning from a closed (non-conducting) to an open (conducting) channel-pore conformation? The effects of charge and hydrophobicity on the conformational states of a model tetrameric biological ion channel are shown utilizing the amino acid sequence from the K+ channel KcsA as the model “channel”. Its widely conserved hydrophobic bundle crossing located adjacent to the lipid head-groups at the intracellular side of the membrane was calculated to have a 5 kcal/mol free energy difference between modeled open and closed conformations. Simulated mutants of amino acids within the hydrophobic region significantly contribute to the size of this difference. Specifically for KcsA, these residues are part of the pH sensor important for channel gating and our results are in agreement with published electrophysiology data. Our simulations support the idea that the hydrophobic effect contributes significantly to the stability of the closed conformation in tetrameric ion channels with a hydrophobic bundle crossing positioned in proximity to the lipid head groups of the biological membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Yonkunas
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA, USA
| | - Maria Kurnikova
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA, USA
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Cai G, Qiao S, Chen K. Suppression of miR-221 inhibits glioma cells proliferation and invasion via targeting SEMA3B. Biol Res 2015. [PMID: 26197878 PMCID: PMC4511551 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-015-0030-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gliomas are the most common primary tumors in the central nervous system. Due to complicated signaling pathways involved in glioma progression, effective targets for treatment and biomarkers for prognosis prediction are still scant. Results In this study we revealed that a new microRNA (miR), the miR-221, was highly expressed in the glioma cells, and suppression of miR-221 resulted in decreased cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion in glioma cells. Mechanistic experiments validated that miR-221 participates in regulating glioma cells proliferation and invasion via suppression of a direct target gene, the Semaphorin 3B (SEMA3B). The rescue experiment with miR-221 and SEMA3B both knockdown results in significant reversion of miR-221 induced phenotypes. Conclusion Taken together, our findings highlight an unappreciated role for miR-221 and SEMA3B in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilan Cai
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong'an Rd, Xicheng, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Shanshan Qiao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong'an Rd, Xicheng, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Kui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong'an Rd, Xicheng, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Jasnic-Savovic J, Klajn A, Milivojevic M, Mojsin M, Nikcevic G. Human embryonal carcinoma cells in serum-free conditions as an in vitro model system of neural differentiation. Altern Lab Anim 2015; 43:9-18. [PMID: 25802994 DOI: 10.1177/026119291504300105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Serum is generally regarded as an essential component of many eukaryotic cell culture media, despite the fact that serum composition varies greatly and may be the source of a wide range of artefacts. The objective of this study was to assess serum-free growth conditions for the human embryonal carcinoma cell line, NT2/D1. These cells greatly resemble embryonic stem cells. In the presence of retinoic acid (RA), NT2/D1 cells irreversibly differentiate along the neuronal lineage. We have previously shown that the early phases of neural induction of these cells by RA involve the up-regulation of SOX3 gene expression. Our goal was to compare RA-induced differentiation of NT2/D1 cells in serum-containing and serum-free media, by using SOX3 protein levels as a marker of differentiation. We found that NT2/D1 cells can be successfully grown under serum-free conditions, and that the presence or absence of serum does not affect the level of SOX3 protein after a 48-hour RA induction. However, six days of RA treatment resulted in a marked increase in SOX3 protein levels in serum-free media compared to serum-containing media, indicating that serum might have an inhibitory effect on the expression of this neural differentiation marker. This finding is important for both basic and translational studies that hope to exploit cell culture conditions that are free of animal-derived products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Jasnic-Savovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrijana Klajn
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Milivojevic
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Mojsin
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Nikcevic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Li J, Zhang Y, Yin H, Han B. CRNDE, a long-noncoding RNA, promotes glioma cell growth and invasion through mTOR signaling. Cancer Lett 2015; 367:122-8. [PMID: 25813405 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The transcripts of the gene Colorectal Neoplasia Differentially Expressed (CRNDE) are recognized as long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are expressed in specific regions within the human brain, and are the most upregulated lncRNA in gliomas. However, the underlying regulation and function of CRNDE in gliomas are largely unknown. In this study, the upregulation of CRNDE was confirmed in both primary specimens from glioma patients and in vitro with cell lines. Overexpression of specific CRNDE transcript promotes cell growth and migration in vitro while knockdown of CRNDE expression manifests a repressive function during these cellular processes. The growth promoting effect of CRNDE was also demonstrated in a xenograft mouse model. Mechanistic studies further revealed that histone acetylation in the promoter region might account for the upregulation of CRNDE, and the level of CRNDE expression could be modulated by mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in glioma. Thus, our results shed a light on utilizing CRNDE as a potential novel therapeutic target for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunliang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Neurology, The 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Honglei Yin
- Department of Neurology, The 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Neurology, The 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China
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Shang C, Hong Y, Guo Y, Liu YH, Xue YX. MiR-210 up-regulation inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in glioma cells by targeting SIN3A. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:2571-7. [PMID: 25481483 PMCID: PMC4266365 DOI: 10.12659/msm.892994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to determine whether miR-210 can affect the apoptosis and proliferation of human U251 glioma cells from down-regulating SIN3A. Material/Methods The expression of miRNA-210 was detected by quantitative real-time PCR in normal brain tissue and glioma samples. The apoptosis and proliferation ability of U251 cells were analyzed by MTT and flow cytometry assay after anti-miR-210 transfection. For the regulation mechanism analysis of miR-210, TargetScan, PicTar, and microRNA were selected to predict some potential target genes of miR-210. The predicted gene was identified to be the direct and specific target gene of miR-210 by luciferase activities assay and Western blot. RNA interference technology was used to confirm that the apoptosis and proliferation effects of miR-210 were directly induced by SIN3A. Results The expression of miR-210 increased significantly in glioma in comparison with normal brain tissue. The silence of miR-210 expression could inhibit the proliferation of U251 cells and induce the apoptosis. Mechanism analysis revealed that SIN3A was a specific and direct target gene of miR-210. The siRNA-SIN3A could down-regulate the expression of SIN3A protein, which was up-regulated in U251 cells by anti-miR-210 transfection, and our experiments found that silence of SIN3A could inhibit the apoptosis and sharply increase the proliferation of U251 cells. The regulation effects of anti-miR-210 on apoptosis and proliferation can be reversed respectively by the expression silence of SIN3A. Conclusions Aberrantly expressed miR-210 regulates human U251 glioma cells apoptosis and proliferation partly through directly down-regulating SIN3A protein expression. This might offer a new potential therapeutic stratagem for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shang
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Yang Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Central Laboratory, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Yun-hui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Yi-xue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
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Čedíková M, Houdek Z, Babuška V, Kulda V, Vožeh F, Zech N, Černá L, Krakorová K, Králíčková M, Cendelín J. Fate of two types of cerebellar graft in wild type and cerebellar mutant mice. J Appl Biomed 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Purkartova Z, Tuma J, Pesta M, Kulda V, Hajkova L, Sebesta O, Vozeh F, Cendelin J. Morphological analysis of embryonic cerebellar grafts in SCA2 mice. Neurosci Lett 2013; 558:154-8. [PMID: 24269873 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SCA2 transgenic mice are thought to be a useful model of human spinocerebellar ataxia type 2. There is no effective therapy for cerebellar degenerative disorders, therefore neurotransplantation could offer hope. The aim of this work was to assess the survival and morphology of embryonic cerebellar grafts transplanted into the cerebellum of adult SCA2 mice. Four month-old homozygous SCA2 and negative control mice were treated with bilateral intracerebellar injections of an enhanced green fluorescent protein-positive embryonic cerebellar cell suspension. Graft survival and morphology were examined three months later. Graft-derived Purkinje cells and the presence of astrocytes in the graft were detected immunohistochemically. Nissl and hematoxylin-eosin techniques were used to visualize the histological structure of the graft and surrounding host tissue. Grafts survived in all experimental mice; no differences in graft structure, between SCA2 homozygous and negative mice, were found. The grafts contained numerous Purkinje cells but long distance graft-to-host axonal connections to the deep cerebellar nuclei were rarely seen. Relatively few astrocytes were found in the center of the graft. No signs of inflammation or tissue destruction were seen in the area around the grafts. Despite good graft survival and the presence of graft-derived Purkinje cells, the structure of the graft did not seem to promise any significant specific functional effects. We have shown that the graft is available for long-term experiments. Nevertheless, it would be beneficial to search for ways of enhancement of connections between the graft and host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenka Purkartova
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Lidicka 1, Pilsen 301 66, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Tuma
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Lidicka 1, Pilsen 301 66, Czech Republic; Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Husova 3, Pilsen 306 05, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Pesta
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Karlovarska 48, Pilsen 301 66, Czech Republic.
| | - Vlastimil Kulda
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Karlovarska 48, Pilsen 301 66, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Hajkova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Karlovarska 48, Pilsen 301 66, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Sebesta
- Laboratory of Confocal Microscopy, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Vinicna 7, Prague 2 12844, Czech Republic.
| | - Frantisek Vozeh
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Lidicka 1, Pilsen 301 66, Czech Republic; Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Husova 3, Pilsen 306 05, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Cendelin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Lidicka 1, Pilsen 301 66, Czech Republic; Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Husova 3, Pilsen 306 05, Czech Republic.
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