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Su Z, Lu W, Cao J, Xie Z, Zhao P. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in abdominal aortic aneurysm. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY. HEART & VASCULATURE 2024; 54:101500. [PMID: 39280692 PMCID: PMC11402186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2024.101500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are characterized by permanent dilatation of the abdominal aorta, which is accompanied by inflammation, degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and disruption of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) homeostasis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in the regulation of inflammation, oxidative stress and VSMC apoptosis, all of which are critical factors in AAA development. Although several studies have revealed the occurrence of ER stress in AAA development, the specific biological functions of ER stress in AAA development remain largely unknown. Given that targeting ER stress is a promising strategy for treating AAAs, further investigation of the physiological and pathological roles of ER stress in AAA development is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohai Su
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, PR China
- Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou Hospital of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital (Gannan Medical University Affiliated Municipal Hospital), Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Weiling Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou Hospital of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital (Gannan Medical University Affiliated Municipal Hospital), Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou Hospital of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital (Gannan Medical University Affiliated Municipal Hospital), Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Zheng Xie
- Department of General Practice, Ganzhou Hospital of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital (Gannan Medical University Affiliated Municipal Hospital), Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Pei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225001, PR China
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Zhou S, Ma B, Luo M. Matrix metalloproteinases in aortic dissection. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 156:107420. [PMID: 39182633 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Aortic dissection, characterized by a high immediate mortality, is primarily caused by excessive bleeding within the walls of the aorta or a severe tear within the intimal layer of the aorta. Inflammation, as well as oxidative stress and the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM), are significant factors in the development and occurrence of aortic dissection. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are pivotal enzymes responsible for degrading the ECM. Inflammatory factors and oxidants can interact with MMPs, indicating the potential significance of MMPs in aortic dissection. A substantial body of evidence indicates that numerous MMPs are significantly upregulated in aortic dissection, playing a critical role in ECM degradation and the pathogenesis of aortic dissection. Furthermore, targeting these enzymes has demonstrated potential in facilitating ECM restoration and reducing the incidence of aortic dissection. This review initially provides a brief overview of MMP biology before delving into their expression patterns, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic applications in aortic dissection. A profound comprehension of the catabolic pathways associated with aortic dissection is imperative for the future development of potential preventive or therapeutic bio-interventions for aortic dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Baihui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Diagnostic Laboratory Service, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Mingyao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China; Department of Vascular Surgery, Central-China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Henan Cardiovascular Disease Center, Fuwai Central-China Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650102, China.
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Kuehlmann B, Bonham CA, Gurtner GC, Prantl L. Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 as a Potential Biomarker in 631 Human Implant-Induced Fibrotic Capsules: Analysis and Biomarker Study. Plast Reconstr Surg 2023; 152:637e-645e. [PMID: 36735824 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000010262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Capsular fibrosis (CF) often occurs around biomedical devices following implantation causing pain, discomfort, and device failure. Breast implantation remains among the most common medical procedures worldwide. Revealing specific genes that drive fibrotic deposition will help us to garner a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease and develop different strategies to combat it. METHODS The authors collected 631 capsules around breast implants and were able to connect clinical baseline characteristics with histopathologic findings. In addition, the authors were able to conduct the first large systematic analysis to identify differentially expressed genes in fibrotic human tissue samples, comparing the lowest form of fibrosis with the most aggravated one. RESULTS The authors identified 2559 differentially expressed genes on which they performed a knowledge-based network generation and pathway association study to identify putative novel biomarkers for CF. The authors were able to show changes of cellular influx during progression of CF and distinguish several genes as potential clinical biomarkers and drug targets. Among these, matrix metalloproteinase-9 was one of the most up-regulated ( P = 0.006) and is attractive because of its wide detectability. CONCLUSIONS Matrix metalloproteinase-9 seems to be a potential biomarker to detect capsular fibrosis. It is a measurable indicator that can easily be detected in blood, sputum, and urine. For the diagnosis of fibrosis, this biomarker might be exceedingly beneficial to developing novel screening methods and prophylaxes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Discovering biomarkers at the earliest and mildest stages for the diagnosis of fibrosis is clinically important. These results bring new hope for biomarker-based diagnosis for capsular fibrosis. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Diagnostic, V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Kuehlmann
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University
- University Center for Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg and Caritas Hospital St. Josef
| | - Clark Andrew Bonham
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University
| | - Geoffrey C Gurtner
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University
| | - Lukas Prantl
- University Center for Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg and Caritas Hospital St. Josef
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C/EBPα-Mediated Transcriptional Activation of PIK3C2A Regulates Autophagy, Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression, and Phenotypic of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Aortic Dissection. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7465353. [PMID: 36132983 PMCID: PMC9484969 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7465353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the function of C/EBPα in the development of aortic dissection (AD) and the underlying mechanism. Methods Aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were isolated, cultured, and identified from AD rats. Then, C/EBPα and PIK3C2A were knockdown or overexpressed by siRNA or plasmid transfection, respectively. Rapamycin or 3-MA was utilized to stimulate and restrain autophagy of VSMCs, respectively. Western blot was used to evaluate the expression levels of C/EBPα, PIK3C2A, LC3, Beclin-1, p62, MMP-2, MMP-9, α-SMA, SM-MHC, and OPN. The pathological status of aortic ring was evaluated by stretch stress, and ChIP assay was used to analyze the binding between C/EBPα and PIK3C2A. C/EBPα shRNA was injected into tail vein to observe the effect of C/EBPα knockdown in vivo on phenotype, autophagy of aortic vascular tissue by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot. Results The protein levels of C/EBPα, PIK3C2A, MMP-2, MMP-9, and LC3 in the aorta of AD rats were all upregulated significantly. C/EBPα and rapamycin promoted notable upregulation of the synthesized proteins (OPN), PIK3C2A, matrix metalloproteinases, LC3, and Beclin-1 in VSMCs, while suppressed contractile proteins (α-SMA and SM-MHC) and p62. The opposite results were observed in the C/EBPα-knockdown VSMCs, PIK3C2A-knockdown VSMCs, or VSMCs treated with 3-MA. C/EBPα, PIK3C2A, and LC3 were dramatically upregulated by the stimulation of 3 g and 5 g stretch stress. The downregulated contractile proteins, upregulated synthetic proteins, activated autophagy, and aggravated pathological state in 5 g stretch stress-treated aortic rings were significantly reversed by the knockdown of C/EBPα. ChIP results indicated that there was a binding site for C/EBPα in the promoter of PIK3C2A. C/EBPα also downregulated α-SMA level and upregulated OPN levels in AD rats in vivo. Conclusion Our data indicated that during the development of AD, C/EBPα regulated the transition of VSMC phenotype and extracellular matrix remodeling by activating autophagy through regulating the transcriptional activity of PIK3C2A promoter.
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Huang W, Liu H, Pan Y, Yang H, Lin J, Zhang H. Mechanical stretching of the pulmonary vein mediates pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease by regulating SAC/MAPK pathway and the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α. J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 16:127. [PMID: 33971931 PMCID: PMC8107413 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-021-01471-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore whether the mechanical stretching-induced expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in pulmonary veins occurred through the stretch-activated channel (SAC)/ mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway. Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three sham groups and seven model groups. A metal clip was placed on the ascending aorta in the model group to establish PH-LHD rat model. The sham group received a similar operation without ascending aorta clamped. On day 25, pulmonary vein was given mechanical stretching with 0 g, 2.0 g tension in two model groups and two sham groups. Another four model groups were given 2.0 g tension after MAPKs pathway inhibitors soaked. The last sham group and model group rats’ pulmonary veins, pulmonary artery and lung tissues were obtained on day 35. Pulmonary vein, pulmonary artery and lung tissue were evaluated by echocardiography, HE staining, immunohistochemistry and western blotting respectively. Results On day 25, left heart weight, right ventricular pressure (35.339 cmH2O) and left atrial pressure (13.657 cmH2O) were increased in model group than those in sham group. Echocardiography showed left heart failure in the PH-LHD group (Interventrieular septum dimension 1.716 mm, left ventricular internal end diastolic dimension 4.888 mm, left ventricular posterior wall thickness in diastole 1.749 mm, ejection fraction 76.917%). But there was no difference in lung tissue between the sham group and PH-LHD group as showed by HE staining. Our results showed that the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α was highly expressed in PH-LHD rats’ serum and pulmonary vein, which were further increased after 2.0 g tension was given and were decreased after SAC/MAPKs inhibitors treatment. Meanwhile, on day 25, immunohistochemistry analysis showed the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α was higher in the PH-LHD rats’ pulmonary vein than that in pulmonary artery and lung tissue, and these expressions in pulmonary vein of PH-LHD group were also higher than that in sham group. However, on day 35, IL-6 and TNF-α were all increased in the pulmonary veins, arteries and lung tissues. Besides, our results uncovered that SAC/MAPKs pathway were upregulating in PH-LHD rats’ pulmonary vein. Conclusion In conclusion, pulmonary vein mechanical stretching exacerbated PH-LHD possibly through the SAC/MAPKs pathway and upregulating expression of IL-6 and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Anesthesiology Research Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjin Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yichao Pan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang H, Huang W, Liu H, Zheng Y, Liao L. Mechanical stretching of pulmonary vein stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-9 and transforming growth factor-β1 through stretch-activated channel/MAPK pathways in pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease model rats. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235824. [PMID: 32881898 PMCID: PMC7470280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (PH-LHD) is a momentous pulmonary hypertension disease, and left heart disease is the most familiar cause. Mechanical stretching may be a crucial cause of vascular remodeling. While, the underlining mechanism of mechanical stretching-induced in remodeling of pulmonary vein in the early stage of PH-LHD has not been completely elucidated. In our study, the PH-LHD model rats were successfully constructed. After 25 days, doppler echocardiography and hemodynamic examination were performed. In addition, after treatment, the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were determined by ELISA, immunohistochemistry and western blot assays in the pulmonary veins. Moreover, the pathological change of pulmonary tissues was evaluated by H&E staining. Our results uncovered that left ventricular insufficiency and interventricular septal shift could be observed in PH-LHD model rats, and the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and mean left atrial pressure (mLAP) were also elevated in PH-LHD model rats. Meanwhile, we found that MMP-9 and TGF-β1 could be highly expressed in PH-LHD model rats. Besides, we revealed that stretch-activated channel (SAC)/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway could be involved in the upregulations of MMP-9 and TGF-β1 mediated by mechanical stretching in pulmonary vein. Therefore, current research revealed that mechanical stretching induced the increasing expressions of MMP-9 and TGF-β1 in pulmonary vein, which could be mediated by activation of SAC/MAPKs signaling pathway in the early stage of PH-LHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Hongjin Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Yihan Zheng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Lianming Liao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P.R. China
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Shin SJ, Hang HT, Thang BQ, Shimoda T, Sakamoto H, Osaka M, Hiramatsu Y, Yamashiro Y, Yanagisawa H. Role of PAR1-Egr1 in the Initiation of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm in Fbln4-Deficient Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1905-1917. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective:
Remodeling of the extracellular matrix plays a vital role in cardiovascular diseases. Using a mouse model of postnatal ascending aortic aneurysms (termed
Fbln4
SMKO
), we have reported that abnormal mechanosensing led to aneurysm formation in
Fbln4
SMKO
with an upregulation of the mechanosensitive transcription factor, Egr1 (Early growth response 1). However, the role of Egr1 and its upstream regulator(s) in the initiation of aneurysm development and their relationship to an aneurysmal microenvironment are unknown.
Approach and Results:
To investigate the contribution of Egr1 in the aneurysm development, we deleted
Egr1
in
Fbln4
SMKO
mice and generated double knockout mice (
DKO
,
Fbln4
SMKO
;
Egr1
−/−
). Aneurysms were prevented in
DKO
mice (42.8%) and
Fbln4
SMKO
;
Egr1
+/−
mice (26%). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified PAR1 (protease-activated receptor 1) as a potential Egr1 upstream gene. Protein and transcript levels of PAR1 were highly increased in
Fbln4
SMKO
aortas at postnatal day 1 before aneurysm formed, together with active thrombin and MMP (matrix metalloproteinase)-9, both of which serve as a PAR1 activator. Concordantly, protein levels of PAR1, Egr1, and thrombin were significantly increased in human thoracic aortic aneurysms. In vitro cyclic stretch assays (1.0 Hz, 20% strain, 8 hours) using mouse primary vascular smooth muscle cells induced marked expression of PAR1 and secretion of prothrombin in response to mechanical stretch. Thrombin was sufficient to induce Egr1 expression in a PAR1-dependent manner.
Conclusions:
We propose that thrombin, MMP-9, and mechanical stimuli in the
Fbln4
SMKO
aorta activate PAR1, leading to the upregulation of Egr1 and initiation of ascending aortic aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jae Shin
- From the Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA) (S.J.S., H.T.H., T.S., Y.Y., H.Y.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences (S.J.S.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Huynh Thuy Hang
- From the Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA) (S.J.S., H.T.H., T.S., Y.Y., H.Y.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences (H.T.H.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Bui Quoc Thang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (B.Q.T., H.S., M.O., Y.H.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tomonari Shimoda
- From the Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA) (S.J.S., H.T.H., T.S., Y.Y., H.Y.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- School of Medicine (T.S.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (B.Q.T., H.S., M.O., Y.H.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Motoo Osaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (B.Q.T., H.S., M.O., Y.H.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuji Hiramatsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (B.Q.T., H.S., M.O., Y.H.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshito Yamashiro
- From the Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA) (S.J.S., H.T.H., T.S., Y.Y., H.Y.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yanagisawa
- From the Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA) (S.J.S., H.T.H., T.S., Y.Y., H.Y.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine (H.Y.), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Li S, Lu J, Cheng W, Zhu J, Jin M. Factors Associated with Low Admission Platelet Count in Adults with Acute Aortic Dissection. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 25:142-148. [PMID: 30568075 PMCID: PMC6587131 DOI: 10.5761/atcs.oa.18-00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Platelets are crucial components of the coagulation processes, and low admission platelet count (PLC) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with Stanford type A acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: A total of 130 consecutive patients undergoing Stanford type A AAD surgery in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were enrolled between January 2013 and July 2014. Preoperative clinical and laboratory data from patients were collected. Multiple regression analyses were used to determine the independent factors of low admission platelets. Results: Adjusted multiple regression analysis showed that age (β: −1.069, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −2.109, −0.029), sex (β: −29.973, 95% CI: −56.512, −3.433), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI; β: 0.197, 95% CI: 0.039, 0.354), fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) (β: −0.476, 95% CI: −0.879, −0.074), and attack time (β: 11.125, 95% CI: 7.963, 14.287) were significantly associated with admission PLC. Admission PLC increased with attack time up to the 3 days (β: 16.2, 95% CI: 12.1, 20.2). Conclusions: We found that increasing age, male patients, patients with lower serum levels of TFPI and higher serum levels of FDP, and patients with a shorter attack time were significantly associated with lower PLC at admission. Moreover, the turning point of attack time is 3 days after the onset of dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiakai Lu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiping Cheng
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junming Zhu
- Department of Cardiology surgery, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mu Jin
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Mechanical stretch aggravates aortic dissection by regulating MAPK pathway and the expression of MMP-9 and inflammation factors. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1294-1302. [PMID: 30372831 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore whether mechanical stretch aggravated aortic dissection through regulating MAPK pathway, MMP-9, and inflammation factors. We first established aortic dissection model rats. Mechanical stretch (3 g) was exerted on vascular ring of aortic dissection which was also treated by inhibitors of MAPK pathway (SB203580, SP600125, and U0126). HE and Masson staining showed that aortic dissection severity with 3 g tension was worse than that without tension (0 g); after the treatments of diverse inhibitors, the fracture and breakage of the elastic fibers decreased. The expression of MMP-9, TNF-α, IL-1β) p38/p-p38, JNK1/p-JNK1, and ERK1/2/p-ERK1/2 were determined by immunohistochemical analysis, RT-PCR, and western blot. No matter whether tension was exerted or inhibitors were added, there was no change in the expression of p38, JNK1, and ERK1/2. However, compared to the 0 g group, the expression of MMP-9, TNF-α, IL-1β, p-p38, p-JNK1, and p-ERK1/2 was significantly upregulated in the 3 g group (P < 0.05). In both 0 g and 3 g groups, the expression of MMP-9, TNF-α, IL-1β, p-p38, p-JNK1, and p-ERK1/2 was remarkably downregulated after inhibitors treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion, mechanical stretch aggravated aortic dissection by regulating the MAPK pathway and the consequent expression of MMP-9 and inflammation factors.
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10
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Zhang L, Wang C, Xi Z, Li D, Xu Z. Mercaptoethanol Protects the Aorta from Dissection by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Extracellular Matrix Degeneration in a Mouse Model. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:1802-1812. [PMID: 29589594 PMCID: PMC5887686 DOI: 10.12659/msm.905151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of mercaptoethanol treatment on the expression of mediators of oxidative stress, inflammation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degeneration in a mouse aortic dissection (AD) model. Material/Methods Twenty-four 8-month-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups and studied for two weeks: 1) the aortic dissection (AD) Model group (N=8) underwent intraperitoneal injection of angiotensin II (Ang II) (5 ml/kg) three times every 24 h; 2) the mercaptoethanol Treated group (N=8) were given oral mercaptoethanol (2.5 mM); the Normal group (N=8) underwent intraperitoneal injection of noradrenaline (5 mg/kg) three times every 24 h. Sections of mouse aorta were prepared for histology with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining; immunohistochemistry was performed to detect levels of: nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NFE2L2), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), p65, superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9). Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) evaluated mRNA expression of SOD1, GCLC, TNF-α, IL-1β, and MMP9. Results Mercaptoethanol treatment inhibited Ang II-induced aortic dissection in AD mice, as shown histologically. Mercaptoethanol treatment reduced the expression levels of NFE2L2, NF-κB, p65, TNF-α, IL-1β and increased the expression levels of SOD1, MMP9, and GCLC. Conclusions In an AD mouse model, mercaptoethanol treatment inhibited thoracic and abdominal aortic dissection and reduced aortic tissue expression of mediators of oxidative stress and inflammation and increased the activation of ECM signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Clinical Medical College, Second Military Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Changtian Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhilong Xi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Demin Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiyun Xu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiac Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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