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Giannopulu I, Lee K, Abdi E, Noori-Hoshyar A, Brotto G, Van Velsen M, Lin T, Gauchan P, Gorman J, Indelicato G. Predicting neural activity of whole body cast shadow through object cast shadow in dynamic environments. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1149750. [PMID: 38646121 PMCID: PMC11027993 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1149750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Shadows, as all other objects that surround us, are incorporated into the body and extend the body mediating perceptual information. The current study investigates the hypothesis according to which the perception of object shadows would predict the perception of body shadows. 38 participants (19 males and 19 females) aged 23 years on average were immersed into a virtual reality environment and instructed to perceive and indicate the coincidence or non coincidence between the movement of a ball shadow with regard to ball movement on the one hand, and between their body shadow and their body position in space on the other. Their brain activity was recording via a 32-channel EEG system, in which beta (13.5-30 Hz) oscillations were analyzed. A series of Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) revealed that the beta dynamic oscillations patterns of the bilateral occipito-parieto-frontal pathway associated with the perception of ball shadow appeared to be a significant predictor of the increase in beta oscillations across frontal areas related to the body shadow perception and the decrease in beta oscillations across frontal areas connected to the decision making of the body shadow. Taken together, the findings suggest that inferential thinking ability relative to body shadow would be reliably predicted from object shadows and that the bilateral beta oscillatory modulations would be indicative of the formation of predictive neural frontal assemblies, which encode and infer body shadow neural representation, that is, a substitution of the physical body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini Giannopulu
- Creative Robotics Lab, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Clinical Research and Technological Innovation Centre, RCIT, Paris, France
| | - Khai Lee
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Mechatronics Engineering, Monash University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elahe Abdi
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Mechatronics Engineering, Monash University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Azadeh Noori-Hoshyar
- School of Engineering, Information Technology and Physical Sciences, Federation University, Ballarat, VIC, Australia
| | - Gaelle Brotto
- Interdisciplinary Centre for the Artificial Mind (iCAM), Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Mathew Van Velsen
- Interdisciplinary Centre for the Artificial Mind (iCAM), Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Tiffany Lin
- Interdisciplinary Centre for the Artificial Mind (iCAM), Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Priya Gauchan
- Interdisciplinary Centre for the Artificial Mind (iCAM), Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Jazmin Gorman
- Interdisciplinary Centre for the Artificial Mind (iCAM), Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Giuseppa Indelicato
- Interdisciplinary Centre for the Artificial Mind (iCAM), Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Ito A, Hara T, Irie H. Postoperative C-reactive protein levels correlate with reduced spinal column mobility after median sternotomy: a prospective cohort study. J Thorac Dis 2024; 16:469-478. [PMID: 38410601 PMCID: PMC10894417 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-1439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Background The sternum is connected to the spinal column via the ribs, forming the thorax. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the effect of a midline sternotomy on the spinal column, but no in vivo studies have been conducted to date. We investigated the changes in the range of motion of the spinal column before and after midline sternotomy and the perioperative factors that have the greatest influence. Methods The participants were patients who had undergone cardiac surgery through a standby midline sternotomy. Spinal range of motion in forward flexion was measured before and after surgery. The following perioperative factors were investigated: operating time, days to postoperative measurement, C-reactive protein (CRP) measurement on the third postoperative day, the day of the start of bed release, and the stage of bed release progression on the second postoperative day. Statistics were compared between the two groups before and after surgery for each factor. Multiple regression analysis (forced entry method) was then performed with the change in spinal range of motion, which showed statistical differences between the preoperative and postoperative groups, as the dependent variable and each perioperative factor as the independent variable. Results The study included 93 patients. Postoperatively, there was a significant decrease in thoracic spine range of motion. Multiple regression analysis showed that an increase in CRP on the third postoperative day was responsible for the decrease in thoracic range of motion (β=-0.30, P<0.01). Conclusions After median sternotomy, thoracic spine range of motion was decreased and correlated with postoperative inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Ito
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Tochigi, Japan
- Departments of Physical Therapy, of Rehabilitation, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hara
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, International University of Health and Welfare, Tochigi, Japan
- Departments of Physical Therapy, of Rehabilitation, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Irie
- Departments of Physical Therapy, of Rehabilitation, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
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Ma H, Jiang P, Zhang X, Ma W, Cai Z, Sun Q. Effects of nitrogen fertilization combined with subsurface irrigation on alfalfa yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency, quality, and economic benefits. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1339417. [PMID: 38348268 PMCID: PMC10859442 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1339417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Proper water and fertilizer management strategies are essential for alfalfa cultivation in arid areas. However, at present, the optimal amounts of subsurface irrigation and nitrogen (N) supply for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivation are still unclear. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in 2022 in Yinchuan, Ningxia, China, to explore the effects of different subsurface irrigation levels (W1, 50% of ETC (crop evapotranspiration); W2, 75% of ETC; W3, 100% of ETC) and N application rates (N0, 0 kg/ha; N1, 75 kg/ha; N2, 150 kg/ha; N3, 225 kg/ha; N4, 300 kg/ha) on alfalfa yield, crop water productivity (CWP), N use efficiency (NUE), quality, and economic benefits. Besides, the least squares method and multiple regression analysis were used to explore the optimal water and N combination for alfalfa cultivation under subsurface irrigation. The results showed that the alfalfa yield, crude ash content, and partial factor productivity from applied N (PFPN) were the highest under W2 level, but there was no difference in PFPN compared with that under W3 level. The branch number (BN), leaf area index (LAI), yield, CWP, irrigation water productivity (IWP), crude protein content (CPC), and economic benefits increased and then decreased with the increase of N application rate, reaching a maximum at the N2 or N3 level, while the NUE and PFPN decreased with the increase of N application rate. Considering the yield, CWP, NUE, quality, and economic benefits, W2N2 treatment was the optimal for alfalfa cultivation under subsurface irrigation. Besides, when the irrigation volume and N application rate were 69.8 ~ 88.7% of ETC and 145 ~ 190 kg/ha, respectively (confidence interval: 85%), the yield, CPC, and economic benefits reached more than 85% of the maximum. This study will provide technique reference for the water and N management in alfalfa cultivation in Northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiu Ma
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Wenli Ma
- Ningxia Reclamation, Agricultural, Forestry, and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion and Service Center, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhanhong Cai
- Ningxia Reclamation, Agricultural, Forestry, and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion and Service Center, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Quan Sun
- College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Kholod S, Konoreva L, Chesnokov S. Influence of Orographic Factors on the Distribution of Lichens in the Franz Josef Land Archipelago. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:193. [PMID: 38256747 PMCID: PMC10819431 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
During a geobotanical study of the Franz Josef Land archipelago, 111 lichen species were recorded on 130 sample plots. The significance of orographic factors in the distribution of lichens was assessed using principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple regression analysis. It was found that the absolute altitude and distance from the glacier are of the greatest importance for crustose lichens, while for fruticose lichens, the most critical factors were the slope exposure and steepness. Along the altitudinal gradient, the number of species decreased (from 88 to 25). The highest number of species (90) was recorded at distances of 0.1 to 1.0 km from the glacier edge, which is explained by the unstable species composition of areas recently released from under the glacier. The number of species in all groups generally decreased (from 81 to 52) with increasing slope steepness. With an increasing heat supply of slopes (on a gradient from northern to southern), the number of species steadily increased in all groups (from 39 to 75). The low sum of the explained variance values for the first two PCA components (21%) characterizes the specificity of the natural environment of polar deserts, where there is no leading environmental factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Kholod
- Department of Botany, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb., 7–9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia; (S.K.); (L.K.)
- Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Popov St. 2, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - Liudmila Konoreva
- Department of Botany, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb., 7–9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia; (S.K.); (L.K.)
- Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Popov St. 2, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia
- Avrorin Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute of Kola Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Botanical Garden, 8, Kirovsk 184256, Russia
| | - Sergey Chesnokov
- Department of Botany, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb., 7–9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia; (S.K.); (L.K.)
- Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor Popov St. 2, St. Petersburg 197022, Russia
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Minakawa M, Wares MA, Nakano K, Haneishi H, Aizu Y, Hayasaki Y, Ikeda T, Nagahara H, Nishidate I. Measuring and imaging of transcutaneous bilirubin, hemoglobin, and melanin based on diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. J Biomed Opt 2023; 28:107001. [PMID: 37915398 PMCID: PMC10616887 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.10.107001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance Evaluation of biological chromophore levels is useful for detection of various skin diseases, including cancer, monitoring of health status and tissue metabolism, and assessment of clinical and physiological vascular functions. Clinically, it is useful to assess multiple different chromophores in vivo with a single technique or instrument. Aim To investigate the possibility of estimating the concentration of four chromophores, bilirubin, oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, and melanin from diffuse reflectance spectra in the visible region. Approach A new diffuse reflectance spectroscopic method based on the multiple regression analysis aided by Monte Carlo simulations for light transport was developed to quantify bilirubin, oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, and melanin. Three different experimental animal models were used to induce hyperbilirubinemia, hypoxemia, and melanogenesis in rats. Results The estimated bilirubin concentration increased after ligation of the bile duct and reached around 18 mg / dl at 50 h after the onset of ligation, which corresponds to the reference value of bilirubin measured by a commercially available transcutaneous bilirubin meter. The concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin and that of deoxygenated hemoglobin decreased and increased, respectively, as the fraction of inspired oxygen decreased. Consequently, the tissue oxygen saturation dramatically decreased. The time course of melanin concentration after depilation of skin on the back of rats was indicative of the supply of melanosomes produced by melanocytes of hair follicles to the growing hair shaft. Conclusions The results of our study showed that the proposed method is capable of the in vivo evaluation of percutaneous bilirubin level, skin hemodynamics, and melanogenesis in rats, and that it has potential as a tool for the diagnosis and management of hyperbilirubinemia, hypoxemia, and pigmented skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Minakawa
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Md. Abdul Wares
- Government of Bangladesh, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Department of Livestock Services, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kazuya Nakano
- Seikei University, Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Haneishi
- Chiba University, Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Aizu
- Muroran Institute of Technology, College of Design and Manufacturing Technology, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hayasaki
- Utsunomiya University, Center for Optical Research and Education, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ikeda
- Fukuoka Dental College, Section of General Surgery, Division of Oral and Medical Management, Department of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hajime Nagahara
- Osaka University, Institute for Datability Science, Osaka, Japan
| | - Izumi Nishidate
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo, Japan
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Yang X, Dong J, Yang J, Han X. Similar Material Proportioning Tests and Mechanical Properties Based on Orthogonal Design. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6439. [PMID: 37834575 PMCID: PMC10573560 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Shaking table tests serve as an effective method to simulate landslides triggered by seismic activities. These laboratory experiments necessitate the use of materials that mimic those encountered in real-world scenarios. For this investigation, materials analogous to field conditions for the shaking table tests were formulated using quartz sand, barite powder, iron powder, gypsum, rosin, and alcohol. Within the model test compositions, iron powder, barite powder, and quartz sand acted as aggregates; gypsum functioned as an additive, and a solution of rosin and alcohol was employed as a binder. Employing the orthogonal design method, the physical and mechanical parameters of these analogous materials were ascertained through double-sided shear tests, as well as uniaxial compression and splitting tests. Subsequent analyses included extreme difference and regression assessments targeting the determinants influencing the physical and mechanical characteristics of these materials. The ultimate goal was to determine the optimal mixing ratios for the model test materials. The findings revealed that the physical and mechanical properties of analogous materials at varying ratios span a broad spectrum, fulfilling the criteria for distinct rock model experiments. A thorough examination of the factors impacting the physical and mechanical properties of these materials was undertaken, elucidating their respective influences. Based on the relative significance of each determinant on the mechanical attributes of the analogous materials, dominant factors were identified for a multiple regression analysis, from which the regression equations corresponding to the test ratios were derived.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinyu Dong
- College of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (X.H.)
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Huang H, Qian XM, Xiao Y, Luo ZX. Mega-city construction engineering to residential satisfaction: new insights from Yan' an of China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1187519. [PMID: 37469687 PMCID: PMC10353536 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1187519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The contradiction among population, economy and urbanization has gradually intensified, and the Mountain Excavation and City Construction (MECC) project is one of the special solutions. Nevertheless, there are few comparative studies on the project index studies and effect of MECC projects on residential satisfaction. To remedy this deficiency, this study base on the Yan'an new district (YND) reconstruction project, attempting to analyze the specific influencing factors prerelocation and post-relocation from the perspective of residential satisfaction. Methods After conducting reliability and validity analysis on each dimension, multiple linear regression and paired t-test were used to analyze and compare the questionnaire data. Results The results show that the residential satisfaction index of the YND is indeed higher than that of the Yan'an old district (YOD). Concurrently, the decisive factors of residential satisfaction are also different. Specifically, the interpersonal communication, supporting facilities, community environment and economic income are significant in the YOD, but only the aspect of supporting facilities is negative significant. The supporting facilities, community environment, economic income and urban development are all positive significant in the YND. The satisfaction factors of middle-aged people in YOD and YND have the most significant differences, and the significance of each dimension is different. Discussion The research results of this study provide a comparative perspective at the micro-level for evaluating China's urban construction, and it supplies specific directions for future urban development and the improvement of old cities through the new residential satisfaction index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
- Business School, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin-Meng Qian
- College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Business School, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zi-Xin Luo
- School of Journalism and Communication, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Tovilla Coutiño MDL, Passot S, Trelea IC, Ropers MH, Gohon Y, Fonseca F. Multiobjective optimization of frozen and freeze-dried Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CFL1 production via the modification of fermentation conditions. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:6987271. [PMID: 36639125 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study investigates the individual and combined effects of fermentation parameters for improving cell biomass productivity and the resistance to freezing, freeze-drying, and freeze-dried storage of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CFL1. METHODS AND RESULTS Cells were cultivated at different temperatures (42°C and 37°C) and pH values (5.8 and 4.8) and harvested at various growth phases (mid-exponential, deceleration, and stationary growth phases). Specific acidifying activity was determined after fermentation, freezing, freeze-drying, and freeze-dried storage. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify the effects of fermentation parameters on the specific acidifying activity losses and to generate the corresponding 3D response surfaces. A multiobjective decision approach was applied to optimize biomass productivity and specific acidifying activity. The temperature positively influenced biomass productivity, whereas low pH during growth reduced the loss of specific acidifying activity after freezing and freeze-drying. Furthermore, freeze-drying resistance was favored by increased harvest time. CONCLUSIONS Productivity, and freezing and freeze-drying resistances of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CFL1 were differentially affected by the fermentation parameters studied. There was no single fermentation condition that improved both productivity and resistance to freezing and freeze-drying. Thus, Pareto fronts were helpful to optimize productivity and resistance, when cells were grown at 42°C, pH 4.8, and harvested at the deceleration phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria de L Tovilla Coutiño
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91120 Palaiseau, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Stéphanie Passot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Ioan-Cristian Trelea
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | | | - Yann Gohon
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Fernanda Fonseca
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91120 Palaiseau, France
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Yokoyama K, Katoh H, Bito S, Fujita Y, Yamauchi K. Short-Term Outcomes of Surgery and Rehabilitation on Activities of Daily Living after Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures: Structural Equation Modeling. J Clin Med 2023; 12. [PMID: 36769880 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12031234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to explore the factors affecting patients' level of activities of daily living (ADL) on discharge after undergoing bipolar hemiarthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures at an acute care hospital, patient data were analyzed with the following statistical tools: multiple regression analysis (MRA), structural equation modeling (SEM), and simultaneous analysis of several groups (SASG). The Barthel Index (BI) on discharge was set as the objective variable, while age, sex, degree of dementia, BI on admission, number of days from admission to surgery, surgical option, and number of rehabilitation units per day were set as explanatory variables. Factors such as age, sex, degree of dementia, BI on admission, and number of rehabilitation units per day were significant in MRA. While not significant in MRA, the number of days from admission to surgery was significant in SEM. According to the SASG, the number of rehabilitation units per day was significant for patients without dementia but not for patients with dementia. Analysis of real-world data suggests that early surgery and rehabilitation affect ADL on discharge to a greater degree than the surgical method. For patients without dementia, longer daily rehabilitation was significantly associated with better ADL on discharge.
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Yanagisawa T, Suzuki F, Tsujiguchi H, Hara A, Miyagi S, Kannon T, Suzuki K, Shimizu Y, Nguyen TTT, Oku F, Sato K, Nakamura M, Hayashi K, Shibata A, Konoshita T, Kambayashi Y, Tsuboi H, Tajima A, Nakamura H. Hypertension and Low Body Weight Are Associated with Depressive Symptoms Only in Females: Findings from the Shika Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 36354390 DOI: 10.3390/bs12110413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the relationship between hypertension and depression is influenced by several physiological factors, including body weight and other lifestyle factors, such as eating behavior, the specific involvement of depression in hypertension remains unclear. Therefore, this epidemiological study examined the role of body weight in the relationship between hypertension and depressive symptoms among the middle-aged and elderly living in the community of Shika town. In total, 1141 males and 1142 females with mean ages of 69.09 and 70.61 years, respectively, participated this study. Physiological factors, including blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and lifestyle, were investigated in a medical check-up in Shika town. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Geriatric Depression Scale 15 (GDS-15). A two-way analysis of covariance exhibited a significant interaction between the two hypertensive groups and body size groups on GDS in females. The post hoc Bonferroni method showed that in the hypertensive groups, GDS was significantly higher in the underweight group (BMI < 18.5) than in the standard/overweight group; however, this relationship was not observed in the no-hypertensive groups. Multiple regression analysis also verified this relationship. Therefore, it is suggested that the combination of hypertension and being underweight is associated with depressive symptoms only in females.
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Xing Q, Yao W. Digital governance and its benchmarking college talent training under the rural revitalization in China-A case study of Yixian County (China). Front Public Health 2022; 10:984427. [PMID: 36339234 PMCID: PMC9627146 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.984427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Rural digital governance has been the favorite subject of social governance with the aim of sustainable development of rural revitalization. Therefore, an indicator system is constructed to evaluate its satisfaction in Yixian County (China) based on principal component analysis, multiple regression analysis, and SEM structural equation analysis. The study finds that (1) the four dominant observation indicators, namely, "satisfaction of participation," "satisfaction of diversification," "satisfaction of legal norms," and "satisfaction of technical support," have a significant impact on the satisfaction of rural digital governance, and there is a linkage effect among the four observation indicators; (2) in terms of the four potential variables, "value guidance satisfaction" (0.772), "regulatory constraint satisfaction" (0.756), "satisfaction of support guarantee," (0.699) and "multiple collaboration satisfaction" (0.676) have a decreasing influence on the overall satisfaction of rural digital governance, and there is much room for improvement. This study deepens the understanding of digital governance, and the following countermeasures are formed: strengthening the leading role of value concept; perfecting the constraint efficiency of "four governance" rule system; creating a new pattern of social "intelligent governance"; promoting the enabling effect of digital governance technology.
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Bawua SA, Ichihara K, Keatley R, Arko-Mensah J, Ayeh-Kumi PF, Erasmus R, Fobil J. Derivation of sex and age-specific reference intervals for clinical chemistry analytes in healthy Ghanaian adults. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:1426-1439. [PMID: 35786502 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTVIES This study is aimed at establishing reference intervals (RIs) of 40 chemistry and immunochemistry analytes for Ghanaian adults based on internationally harmonized protocol by IFCC Committee on Reference Intervals and Decision Limits (C-RIDL). METHODS A total of 501 healthy volunteers aged ≥18 years were recruited from the northern and southern regions of Ghana. Blood samples were analyzed with Beckman-Coulter AU480 and Centaur-XP/Siemen auto-analyzers. Sources of variations of reference values (RVs) were evaluated by multiple regression analysis (MRA). The need for partitioning RVs by sex and age was guided by the SD ratio (SDR). The RI for each analyte was derived using parametric method with application of the latent abnormal values exclusion (LAVE) method. RESULTS Using SDR≥0.4 as threshold, RVs were partitioned by sex for most enzymes, creatinine, uric acid (UA), bilirubin, immunoglobulin-M. MRA revealed age and body mass index (BMI) as major source of variations of many analytes. LAVE lowered the upper limits of RIs for alanine/aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transaminase and lipids. Exclusion of individuals with BMI≥30 further lowered the RIs for lipids and CRP. After standardization based on value-assigned serum panel provided by C-RIDL, Ghanaian RIs were found higher for creatine kinase, amylase, and lower for albumin and urea compared to other collaborating countries. CONCLUSIONS The LAVE effect on many clinical chemistry RIs supports the need for the secondary exclusion for reliable derivation of RIs. The differences in Ghanaian RIs compared to other countries underscore the importance of country specific-RIs for improved clinical decision making.
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Key Words
- AG, anion gap
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AMY, amylase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- Alb, albumin
- BD, Becton Dickinson
- BMI, body mass index
- BR, bias ratio
- C-RIDL, Committee on Reference Intervals and Decision Limits
- C3, complement component 3
- C4, complement component 4
- CDL, clinical decision limit
- CI, confidence interval
- CK, creatine kinase
- CRP, C-reactive protein
- CV(b), CV of the regression slope b
- Ca, calcium
- Cl, chloride
- Cre, creatinine
- DBil, direct bilirubin
- F, female
- GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase
- Glb, globulin
- Glu, glucose
- HDL-CHDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c
- IFCC, International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
- IP, inorganic phosphate
- IgA, immunoglobulin A
- IgG, immunoglobulin G
- IgM, immunoglobulin M
- K, potassium
- LAVE, latent abnormal values exclusion
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- LL, lower limit
- M, male
- MF, male + female
- MRA, multiple regression analysis
- Mg, magnesium
- NP, non-parametric
- Na, sodium
- P, parametric
- RI, reference interval
- RV, reference values
- SDR, standard deviation ratio
- SV, sources of variation
- TBil, total bilirubin
- TC, total cholesterol
- TCO2, total carbon dioxide
- TG, triglycerides
- TP, total protein
- UA, uric acid
- UL, upper limit
- between-country differences
- bias ratio
- eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate
- ethnicity
- latent abnormal values exclusion method
- multiple regression analysis
- nonparametric method
- parametric method
- rp, standardized partial correlation coefficient
- standard deviation ratio
- standardization
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Affiliation(s)
- Serwaa Akoto Bawua
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana School of Public Health, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kiyoshi Ichihara
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | | | - John Arko-Mensah
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana School of Public Health, Accra, Ghana
| | - Patrick F Ayeh-Kumi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Ghana
| | - Rajiv Erasmus
- University of Stellenbosch, Division of Chemical Pathology, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Julius Fobil
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana School of Public Health, Accra, Ghana
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Haffer H, Wang Z, Hu Z, Hipfl C, Perka C, Pumberger M. Total Hip Replacement Influences Spinopelvic Mobility: A Prospective Observational Study. J Arthroplasty 2022; 37:316-324.e2. [PMID: 34742872 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2021.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal spinopelvic mobility is identified as a contributing element of total hip arthroplasty (THA) instability. Preoperative identification of THA patients at risk is still a remaining challenge. We therefore conducted this study to (1) evaluate if preoperative and postoperative spinopelvic mobility differs, (2) determine the interactions between the elements of the spinopelvic complex, and (3) identify preoperative parameters for predicting spinopelvic mobility. METHODS A prospective observational study assessing 197 THA patients was conducted with biplanar stereoradiography in standing and relaxed sitting positions preoperatively and postoperatively. Two independent investigators determined spinopelvic mobility based on 2 different classifications (Δ sacral slope [SS] and Δ pelvic tilt [PT]; Δ from standing to sitting; Δ < 10° stiff, Δ ≥ 10°-30° normal, Δ > 30° hypermobile). Multiple regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to identify predictors for postoperative spinopelvic mobility. RESULTS Spinopelvic mobility significantly increased after THA based on ΔPT (Pre/Post: 18.5°/22.8°; P < .000) and ΔSS (Pre/Post 17.9°/22.4°; P < .000). A distinct shift in the ratio from stiff (Pre/Post: 24%/9.7%) to hypermobile (Pre/Post: 10.2%/22.1%) mobility postoperatively was observed. Receiver operating characteristic analysis predicted postoperative stiffness using preoperative PTStanding ≥ 13.0° with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 51% and hypermobility with preoperative SSStanding ≥ 35.2° with a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 34%. Age at surgery, preoperative PTStanding, and pelvic incidence were independent predictors of spinopelvic mobility (R2 = 0.24). CONCLUSION Definition of preoperative stiffness should be interpreted with caution by arthroplasty surgeons as mobility itself is influenced by THA. For the first time thresholds for standing preoperative parameters for predicting postoperative spinopelvic mobility could be provided. For preoperative standing only lateral assessment could serve as a screening tool for spinopelvic mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henryk Haffer
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhen Wang
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhouyang Hu
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Hipfl
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Perka
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Pumberger
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Zurc J, Planinšec J. Associations between Physical Activity and Academic Competence: A Cross-Sectional Study among Slovenian Primary School Students. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19020623. [PMID: 35055444 PMCID: PMC8775939 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity has beneficial effects on overall academic performance in children. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding how the individual characteristics of physical activity interact with other confounding variables of academic competence. Leisure-time physical activity with potential confounders-such as developmental, behavioral, family, and school factors, predicting overall, mathematical, and reading academic competence-was studied in a random sample of 1520 Slovenian primary school students in grades 4-6 (51.9% female; mean age = 10.4 years; SD = 0.93). A structured self-reported questionnaire was used to gather data on the children's leisure-time physical activity and social-demographic variables, while academic competence was measured by teachers using the SSRS Academic Competence Evaluation Scale. The findings showed that children engage in physical activity most days a week, with moderate-intensity and unorganized activities. It was predicted that engaging in physical activity would lead to an increase in academic performance by 4.2% in males (p = 0.002) and 3.2% in females (p = 0.024), but after fully adjusting the model for controlling confounding variables, the prediction increased to 81.1% in females and 84.1% in males (p < 0.001). The frequency and intensity of physical activity, the absence of digital games, and attending sports clubs seem to have the most beneficial effects in terms of academic competence in school children, among other relevant confounders mediating in this complex relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joca Zurc
- Department of Pedagogy, Faculty of Arts, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-2-22-93-823
| | - Jurij Planinšec
- Department of Elementary Education, Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
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15
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Nishiura A, Sasaki O, Tanigawa T, Kubota A, Takeda H, Saito Y. Prediction of energy balance from milk traits of Holsteins in Japan. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13757. [PMID: 35781727 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We predicted the energy balance (EB) of Holstein cows in Japan from milk traits obtained by herd testing. Records covered 156 lactations of 102 cows. The number of artificial inseminations was highest, and the first conception rate was lowest in the low-EB group. Four prediction models were developed-for the whole lactation and for the early, middle, and late stages of lactation-with 20 variables, covering days in milk (DIM), milk yield, and milk composition traits. The actual and predicted EB means agreed well within DIM classes; the means of the residuals were smaller in the lactation stage models than in the all-lactation model, but the standard deviations (SDs) of the residuals were similar among models. After data reduction, the SDs of the residuals for 100 iterations were <1 throughout lactation in both types of models when n = 100. After model reduction, including the daily change of milk yield as a variable minimized the SDs of the residuals. Our equations for herd-level EB prediction have potential for use in genetic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Nishiura
- Institute for Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Osamu Sasaki
- Institute for Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tamako Tanigawa
- Agricultural Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, Dairy Research Center, Nakashibetsu, Japan
| | - Asuka Kubota
- Agricultural Research Department, Hokkaido Research Organization, Dairy Research Center, Nakashibetsu, Japan
| | - Hisato Takeda
- Institute for Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yuriko Saito
- Institute for Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
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Mejorado-Molano FJ, Sanz-Calvo ML, Posada-Ayala A, Caballo-Roig N, Gavela-Pérez T, Mahillo-Fernández I, Soriano-Guillén L. Adult Height in Girls With Idiopathic Premature Adrenarche: A Cohort Study and Design of a Predictive Model. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:852422. [PMID: 35311244 PMCID: PMC8927636 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.852422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Idiopathic premature adrenarche (IPA) is considered a normal variant of puberty, presenting more commonly in female patients. There are concerns as to whether IPA alters the final height of these girls. Our main objectives were to (a) compare the adult height of girls with IPA against their target height and (b) design a mathematical model to predict adult height at diagnosis in female patients with IPA. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cohort study of girls with IPA was conducted from the time of IPA diagnosis until adult height. The following data were collected: target height, perinatal history, anthropometric and biochemical variables and bone age at diagnosis, age at Tanner stage 2 and menarcheal age, and adult height. First, we performed a univariate statistical analysis after which we carried out a multiple linear regression analysis using adult height as the dependent variable. RESULTS We obtained data from 79 female patients diagnosed with IPA with a mean adult height of 164.6 cm (95% CI: 163.36-165.85 cm). The mean follow-up time was 6.60 years. Average age at Tanner stage 2 was 9.71 years. Mean menarcheal age was 11.64 years. There were no significant differences between target height and adult height. Of the several predictive models designed for these patients, one of them, which included bone age, obtained an R2 value of 71%. CONCLUSIONS Although slightly advanced puberty was observed among the girls with IPA, their adult height was preserved. The use of predictive models of adult height on diagnosis of IPA could facilitate closer follow-up of girls at risk of reduced adult height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Mejorado-Molano
- Department of Pediatrics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Teresa Gavela-Pérez
- Department of Pediatrics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Mahillo-Fernández
- Epidemiological Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leandro Soriano-Guillén
- Department of Pediatrics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Leandro Soriano-Guillén, ; orcid.org/0000-0003-4268-8870
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Giannetto C, Fazio F, Nava V, Arfuso F, Piccione G, Coelho C, Gugliandolo E, Licata P. Data on multiple regression analysis between boron, nickel, arsenic, antimony, and biological substrates in horses: The role of hematological biomarkers. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 36:e22955. [PMID: 34755932 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the biomarkers of exposure to boron, nickel, arsenic, and antimony in an industrial region, evaluating the bioaccumulation in biological substrates and the correlation with biomarkers such as hematological parameters. Through indication of the accumulation of some minerals in the horse's biological substrates reflects environmental pollution. Moreover, an additional aim of the study was to show whether these contaminants have an influence on the hematological parameters in horses. Blood, serum, mane, and tail samples from 20 horses from an industrial area were analyzed to determine boron (B), nickel (Ni), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb) concentration. Hematological parameters (red blood cell [RBC], white blood cells [WBC], hemoglobin [Hb], hematocrit [Hct], mean corpuscular volume [MCV], mean corpuscular hemoglobin [MCH], mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration [MCHC], platelet [PLT]) as a biomarker of blood in relation to the bioaccumulation of these elements were analyzed also. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed and single regression analysis (Pearson) and multiple regression analysis (p < 0.05) between blood factors, As, B, Ni, and Sb concentrations, and for each mineral in different substrate, respectively. Results showed a significant correlation between tail and mane concentrations with serum and blood for boron concentration (r = -1 p < 0.05). No significant correlation between sample (feed, hay, mane, tail, and water) concentrations and As, Ni, and Sb were found. A significantly negative correlation with blood parameters (r = -1 p < 0.05) was observed in Boron concentration for mane and tail. This suggests that the mane and tail may be a potential means to investigate suspected exposure to excessive levels of trace minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Giannetto
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Fazio
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nava
- BioMorf Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Arfuso
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Clarisse Coelho
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusofona University, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Patrizia Licata
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Siegel A, Hoge AC, Ehmann AT, Martus P, Rieger MA. Attitudes of Company Executives toward a Comprehensive Workplace Health Management-Results of an Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study in Germany. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph182111475. [PMID: 34769990 PMCID: PMC8583484 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Workplace health management (WHM) in Germany aims at maintaining and increasing the health and well-being of employees. Little is known about company executives’ attitudes toward WHM. To gain more insight, we conducted a large-scale survey in companies in the German county of Reutlingen in 2017. We sent a standardized questionnaire to 906 companies, containing inter alia 26 self-constructed declarative statements depicting company executives’ opinions on various WHM aspects; 222 questionnaires could be evaluated. By exploratory factor analysis we assigned the 26 items to six factors reflecting different attitudes toward WHM. Factor values were standardized to a scale from 0 to 10. The attitude ‘positive view of general health services in the company’, for example, achieved by far the lowest mean agreement (3.3 points). For the attitude ‘general skepticism toward WHM’, agreement and disagreement were balanced (5.0 points). Using multiple regression analyses, we searched for variables that could partially explain respondents’ agreement with attitudes. In conclusion, a general WHM skepticism was widespread, but not dominant. The idea that general health services should be offered in companies was predominantly rejected. Older respondents and respondents from smaller companies and craft enterprises were more skeptical than average about WHM and its possible extensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Siegel
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (A.C.H.); (A.T.E.); (M.A.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7071-29-86812
| | - Aileen C. Hoge
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (A.C.H.); (A.T.E.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Anna T. Ehmann
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (A.C.H.); (A.T.E.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, University Hospital Tübingen, Silcherstr. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Monika A. Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (A.C.H.); (A.T.E.); (M.A.R.)
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Jia R, Tang C, Wang B. Visualizing veins from color images under varying illuminations for medical applications. J Biomed Opt 2021; 26:JBO-210133RR. [PMID: 34541836 PMCID: PMC8450381 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.9.096006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Effective vein visualization is critically important for several clinical procedures, such as venous blood sampling and intravenous injection. Existing technologies using infrared device or ultrasound rely on professional equipment and are not suitable for daily medical care. A regression-based vein visualization method is proposed. AIM We visualize veins from conventional RGB images to provide assistance in venipuncture procedures as well as clinical diagnosis of some venous insufficiency. APPROACH The RGB images taken by digital cameras are first transformed to spectral reflectance images using Wiener estimation. Multiple regression analysis is then applied to derive the relationship between spectral reflectance and the concentrations of pigments. Monte Carlo simulation is adopted to get prior information. Finally, vein patterns are visualized from the spatial distribution of pigments. To minimize the effect of illumination on skin color, light correction and shading removal operations are performed in advance. RESULTS Experimental results from inner forearms of 60 subjects show the effectiveness of the regression-based method. Subjective and objective evaluations demonstrate that the clarity and completeness of vein patterns can be improved by light correction and shading removal. CONCLUSIONS Vein patterns can be successfully visualized from RGB images without any professional equipment. The proposed method can assist in venipuncture procedures. It also shows promising potential to be used in clinical diagnosis and treatment of some venous insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Jia
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaoying Tang
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Kim Y, Oh H. Comparison between Multiple Regression Analysis, Polynomial Regression Analysis, and an Artificial Neural Network for Tensile Strength Prediction of BFRP and GFRP. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14174861. [PMID: 34500948 PMCID: PMC8432702 DOI: 10.3390/ma14174861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, multiple regression analysis (MRA) and polynomial regression analysis (PRA), which are traditional statistical methods, were applied to analyze factors affecting the tensile strength of basalt and glass fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) exposed to alkaline environments and predict the tensile strength degradation. The MRA and PRA are methods of estimating functions using statistical techniques, but there are disadvantages in the scalability of the model because they are limited by experimental results. Therefore, recently, highly scalable artificial neural networks (ANN) have been studied to analyze complex relationships. In this study, the prediction performance was evaluated in comparison to the MRA, PRA, and ANN. Tensile strength tests were conducted after exposure for 50, 100, and 200 days in alkaline environments at 20, 40, and 60 °C. The tensile strength was set as the dependent variable, with the temperature (TP), the exposure day (ED), and the diameter (D) as independent variables. The MRA and PRA results showed that the TP was the most influential factor in the tensile strength degradation of FRPs, followed by the exposure time (ED) and diameter (D). The ANN method provided the best correlation between predictions and experimental values, with the lowest error and error rate. The PRA method applied to the response surface method outperformed the MRA method, which is most commonly used. These results demonstrate that ANN can be the most efficient model for predicting the durability of FRPs.
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Moshrefi-Araghi A, Nemati H, Azizi M, Moshtaghi N, Shoor M. Association of Genetic Structure and Diversity in Iranian Wild Germplasms of Mentha longifolia L. Based on Phenotypical, Biochemical, and Molecular Markers. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2001044. [PMID: 33764630 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202001044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mentha longifolia L. is well-known to be one of the most pervasive wild-growing species of the Lamiaceae family, which has extensive beneficial properties in the fields of pharmacology and biological products. In the present study, the correlation between Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers and morpho-chemical parameters of twenty different M. longifolia accessions (MLACs) were assessed. The geographic information system (GIS) has been employed to interpret the original habitat of the accessions in Iran. ISSR analysis indicated a remarkable difference in the studied accessions, segregated them into three main groups, constructed by an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic (UPGMA) and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). A total of 89 bands were generated by 12 ISSR primers, among which 82 (91.97 %) of them were polymorphic. The cluster analysis based on agro-morphological data scattered MLACs into two main groups. The essential oils (EOs) were analyzed through GC/FID/MS, and four chemotypes were characterized according to the major constituents. Pulegone ranged from 0.17 to 69.50 % was the main oil constituent with the highest content. Also, HPLC-PDA was employed to identify and to quantify the phenolic compounds in the MeOH extracts of MLACs. Heatmap cluster based on phenolic compounds produced three main categories of accessions. The components identified in the extracts were rosmarinic acid, rutin, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and p-coumaric acid, which among them rosmarinic acid (RA) varied from 39.16 to 261.55 mg/100 g (DW) as a predominant constituent. Subsequently, multiple regression analyses between ISSR fragments and morpho-chemical data illustrated considerable relationships in the plant materials. The high variation and correlation observed in metabolic and phenotypic traits of MLACs establish an adequate source to conduct reserves conservation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Moshrefi-Araghi
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948978, Iran
| | - Hossein Nemati
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948978, Iran
| | - Majid Azizi
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948978, Iran
| | - Nasrin Moshtaghi
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948978, Iran
| | - Mahmood Shoor
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948978, Iran
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Riedinger M, Nagels A, Werth A, Scharinger M. Asymmetries in Accessing Vowel Representations Are Driven by Phonological and Acoustic Properties: Neural and Behavioral Evidence From Natural German Minimal Pairs. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:612345. [PMID: 33679344 PMCID: PMC7930067 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.612345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In vowel discrimination, commonly found discrimination patterns are directional asymmetries where discrimination is faster (or easier) if differing vowels are presented in a certain sequence compared to the reversed sequence. Different models of speech sound processing try to account for these asymmetries based on either phonetic or phonological properties. In this study, we tested and compared two of those often-discussed models, namely the Featurally Underspecified Lexicon (FUL) model (Lahiri and Reetz, 2002) and the Natural Referent Vowel (NRV) framework (Polka and Bohn, 2011). While most studies presented isolated vowels, we investigated a large stimulus set of German vowels in a more naturalistic setting within minimal pairs. We conducted an mismatch negativity (MMN) study in a passive and a reaction time study in an active oddball paradigm. In both data sets, we found directional asymmetries that can be explained by either phonological or phonetic theories. While behaviorally, the vowel discrimination was based on phonological properties, both tested models failed to explain the found neural patterns comprehensively. Therefore, we additionally examined the influence of a variety of articulatory, acoustical, and lexical factors (e.g., formant structure, intensity, duration, and frequency of occurrence) but also the influence of factors beyond the well-known (perceived loudness of vowels, degree of openness) in depth via multiple regression analyses. The analyses revealed that the perceptual factor of perceived loudness has a greater impact than considered in the literature and should be taken stronger into consideration when analyzing preattentive natural vowel processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Riedinger
- Department of English and Linguistics, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Arne Nagels
- Department of English and Linguistics, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Werth
- Institute for German Linguistics, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Scharinger
- Institute for German Linguistics, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Language and Literature, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt, Germany
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Khatun F, Aizu Y, Nishidate I. In Vivo Transcutaneous Monitoring of Hemoglobin Derivatives Using a Red-Green-Blue Camera-Based Spectral Imaging Technique. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1528. [PMID: 33546389 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanosis is a pathological condition that is characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes. It may result from a number of medical conditions, including disorders of the respiratory system and central nervous system, cardiovascular diseases, peripheral vascular diseases, deep vein thrombosis, and regional ischemia. Cyanosis can also be elicited from methemoglobin. Therefore, a simple, rapid, and simultaneous monitoring of changes in oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin is useful for protective strategies against organ ischemic injury. We previously developed a red-green-blue camera-based spectral imaging method for the measurements of melanin concentration, oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (CHbO), deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration (CHbR), total hemoglobin concentration (CHbT) and tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) in skin tissues. We leveraged this approach in this study and extended it to the simultaneous quantifications of methemoglobin concentration (CmetHb), CHbO, CHbR, and StO2. The aim of the study was to confirm the feasibility of the method to monitor CmetHb, CHbO, CHbR, CHbT, and StO2. We performed in vivo experiments using rat dorsal skin during methemoglobinemia induced by the administration of sodium nitrite (NaNO2) and changing the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), including normoxia, hypoxia, and anoxia. Spectral diffuse reflectance images were estimated from an RGB image by the Wiener estimation method. Multiple regression analysis based on Monte Carlo simulations of light transport was used to estimate CHbO, CHbR, CmetHb, CHbT, and StO2. CmetHb rapidly increased with a half-maximum time of less than 30 min and reached maximal values nearly 60 min after the administration of NaNO2, whereas StO2 dramatically dropped after the administration of NaNO2, indicating the temporary production of methemoglobin and severe hypoxemia during methemoglobinemia. Time courses of CHbT and StO2, while changing the FiO2, coincided with well-known physiological responses to hyperoxia, normoxia, and hypoxia. The results indicated the potential of this method to evaluate changes in skin hemodynamics due to loss of tissue viability and vitality.
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Khatun F, Aizu Y, Nishidate I. Transcutaneous monitoring of hemoglobin derivatives during methemoglobinemia in rats using spectral diffuse reflectance. J Biomed Opt 2021; 26:JBO-200279SSRR. [PMID: 33583153 PMCID: PMC7881097 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.3.033708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Untreated methemoglobinemia may cause severe hypoxemia and even death when methemoglobin levels in the blood stream exceed 70%. Although CO-oximetry can be used to monitor the response to treatment for methemoglobinemia, it is costly and requires an invasive procedure for collecting blood samples from patients. A pulse CO-oximeter with a contact probe can be used to continuously and non-invasively measure the percentage of methemoglobin, as well as the percutaneous oxygen saturation. In terms of the prevention of infectious diseases, however, it is desirable to monitor methemoglobin and oxygen saturation levels in a non-contact manner. Diffuse reflectance spectral imaging is promising as a non-contact, non-invasive, and cost-effective clinical diagnostic tool for methemoglobinemia. AIM To demonstrate the feasibility of visible spectral diffuse reflectance for in vivo monitoring of hemoglobin derivatives and evaluating methemoglobin production and reduction as well as hypoxemia during methemoglobinemia in rats. APPROACH A new imaging approach based on the multiple regression analysis aided by Monte Carlo simulations for light transport was developed to quantify methemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin, and deoxygenated hemoglobin using a hyperspectral imaging system. An in vivo experiment with rats exposed to sodium nitrite (NaNO2) at different doses was performed to confirm the feasibility of the method for evaluating the dynamics of methemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin, and deoxygenated hemoglobin during methemoglobinemia. Systemic physiological parameters, including the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation, heart rate (HR), and pulse distention, were measured by a commercially available pulse oximeter, and the results were compared to those obtained by the proposed method. RESULTS Both the methemoglobin concentration and methemoglobin saturation rapidly increased with a half-maximum time of <20 min. They reached their maximal values nearly 60 min after the administration of NaNO2. Tissue oxygen saturation dramatically dropped to a minimum of 33.7 % ± 0.4 % , 23.1 % ± 5.6 % , 8.8 % ± 1.7 % , and 9.7 % ± 5.1 % on average for NaNO2 doses of 25, 37.5, 50, and 75 mg/kg, respectively. Changes in methemoglobin concentration and tissue oxygen saturation are indicative of the temporary production of methemoglobin and severe hypoxemia during methemoglobinemia. Profound increases in the HR and pulse distention implied an elevated cardiac output caused by tachycardia and the resultant increase in peripheral blood volume to compensate for the hypoxia and hypoxemia during methemoglobinemia. This was in agreement with the time course of the peripheral hemoglobin volume concentration obtained by the proposed method. CONCLUSIONS The proposed method is capable of the in vivo non-contact simultaneous evaluation of methemoglobin levels and hypoxemia during methemoglobinemia, and that it has potential as a tool for the diagnosis and management of methemoglobinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Khatun
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo, Japan
- Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Pathobiology, Gazipur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Yoshihisa Aizu
- Muroran Institute of Technology, College of Design and Manufacturing Technology, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Izumi Nishidate
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo, Japan
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Bawua ASA, Ichihara K, Keatley R, Arko-Mensah J, Dei-Adomakoh Y, Ayeh-Kumi PF, Erasmus R, Fobil J. Establishing Ghanaian adult reference intervals for hematological parameters controlling for latent anemia and inflammation. Int J Lab Hematol 2020; 42:705-717. [PMID: 32881316 PMCID: PMC7754426 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background In Ghana, diagnostic laboratories rely on reference intervals (RIs) provided by manufacturers of laboratory analyzers which may not be appropriate. This study aimed to establish RIs for hematological parameters in adult Ghanaian population. Methods This cross‐sectional study recruited 501 apparently healthy adults from two major urban areas in Ghana based on the protocol by IFCC Committee for Reference Intervals and Decision Limits. Whole blood was tested for complete blood count (CBC) by Sysmex XN‐1000 analyzer, sera were tested for iron and ferritin by Beckman‐Coulter/AU480, for transferrin, vitamin‐B12, and folate was measured by Centaur‐XP/Siemen. Partitioning of reference values by sex and age was guided by “effect size” of between‐subgroup differences defined as standard deviation ratio (SDR) based on ANOVA. RIs were derived using parametric method with application of latent abnormal values exclusion method (LAVE), a multifaceted method of detecting subjects with abnormal results in related parameters. Results Using SDR ≥ 0.4 as a threshold, RIs were partitioned by sex for platelet, erythrocyte parameters except mean corpuscular constants, and iron markers. Application of LAVE had prominent effect on RIs for majority of erythrocyte and iron parameters. Global comparison of Ghanaian RIs revealed lower‐side shift of RIs for leukocyte and neutrophil counts, female hemoglobin and male platelet count, especially compared to non‐African countries. Conclusion The LAVE effect on many hematological RIs indicates the need for deliberate secondary exclusion for proper derivation of RIs. Obvious differences in Ghanaian RIs compared to other countries underscore the importance of country‐specific RIs for improved clinical decision‐making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail S A Bawua
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana School of Public Health, Legon, Ghana
| | - Kiyoshi Ichihara
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | | | - John Arko-Mensah
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana School of Public Health, Legon, Ghana
| | - Yvonne Dei-Adomakoh
- Medlab Ghana Ltd. (A Member of Synlab), Accra, Ghana.,Department of Hematology, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, Korle-Bu, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Patrick F Ayeh-Kumi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, Korle-Bu, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Rajiv Erasmus
- Division of Chemical Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Julius Fobil
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Ghana School of Public Health, Legon, Ghana
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Nakajima H, Yano K. [Examination of Factors Affecting Life Expectancy by Prefecture Based on the Criteria of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi 2020; 75. [PMID: 32612010 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.20001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the indicators affecting life expectancy at birth and life expectancy at age 65 by multiple regression analysis and principal component analysis, and examined the factors affecting the longevity. METHODS We set indicators for health status, risk factors, access to care, quality of care and health care resources. Then, we conducted multiple regression analysis with life expectancy at birth and life expectancy at age 65 as the objective variables and 22 indicators as explanatory variables. Principal component analysis was also performed on the 22 indicators. RESULTS Men's life expectancy at birth was positively affected by hospital admission ratio and national health insurance costs, and negatively by the rate of requirement of care certification and alcohol consumption. Men's life expectancy at age 65 was positively affected by income-to-medical expenses ratio and hospitalization treatment ratio, and negatively by requiring care certification rate, smoking rate and obesity rate. Women's life expectancy at birth was positively affected by population coverage and hospitalization treatment ratio, and negatively by women's heart disease mortality rate, requiring care certification rate and smoking rate. Women's life expectancy at age 65 was positively affected by late-stage elderly medical costs and the number of doctors, and negatively by requiring care certification rate and air pollution. Principal component 1 indicated "aging high-medical-resource society", principal component 2 indicated "high mortality from heart disease", and principal component 3 indicated the "degree of risk factor". CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the indicators found to affect life expectancy at birth and life expectancy at age 65, it is necessary to take measures to ensure a long life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Nakajima
- Department of Medical Insurance Guidance Room, The Jikei University Hospital
| | - Kouya Yano
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University
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Franceschi P, Malacarne M, Formaggioni P, Faccia M, Summer A. Quantification of the Effect of the Cattle Breed on Milk Cheese Yield: Comparison between Italian Brown Swiss and Italian Friesian. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1331. [PMID: 32752195 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary It is well known that cattle breeds can produce milk with significant differences in casein and fat contents that are reflected in higher or lower cheese yields. However, the different cheese-yielding ability also involves some particular breed-related molecular characteristics that are not yet considered in milk quality payment systems, due to difficulties in their measurement. The aim of this research was to propose a method for the comprehensive quantification of the effect of milk characteristics on the cheese-making efficiency, including those connected to molecular peculiarities, in terms of casein units. In particular, the method was applied to Parmigiano Reggiano cheese by comparing two different cattle breeds, Italian Friesian and Italian Brown. Under the same processing conditions, the cheese-making efficiency of Italian Brown was higher than that of Italian Friesian. The study concluded that the added value of Italian Brown milk can be expressed in terms of +0.20 g/100 g casein. The method developed could be easily used at the dairy farm level. Abstract Milk from different cattle breeds can present different casein and fat contents, which are reflected in different cheese yields (CY). However, CY is also related to some breed-related molecular characteristics. The aim of the present work was to quantify the effect of these characteristics by comparing a series of Parmigiano Reggiano (PR) cheese-making trials made with milks from Italian Brown (IB) and Italian Friesian (IF) cattle herds. Twelve trials were carried out in a cheese factory in one year (one trial per month), each one consisting of four vats processed in parallel: three vats contained milk from three different IF cattle herds (IF1, IF2 and IF3) and one contained milk from a single IB cattle herd. A 24-h CY prediction formula was developed with data from IF1, IF2 and IF3 trials (calibration) and successively validated by applying it to 12 PR trials made with IF milk in six different cheese factories (external validation). The predicted values of 24-h CY were no different to the actual ones in both calibration and external validation. Finally, the formula was tested on trials made with IB milk. In this case, the predicted values were lower than the actual ones. The quantity of IF milk casein necessary to give the same CY of IB milk was 0.20 g/100 g.
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Li T, Liang W, Yu Z, Dang X. Analysis of the Influence of Entrepreneur's Psychological Capital on Employee's Innovation Behavior Under Leader-Member Exchange Relationship. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1853. [PMID: 32903662 PMCID: PMC7438721 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
How to make use of leaders' psychological capital to improve the innovation behavior of employees has become an important issue for the talent management of enterprises today, and it is also the goal that enterprises must pursue if they want to stand out in fierce competition. Therefore, a total of 154 enterprises in a high-tech area were selected for questionnaire survey in this study. The correlation between leader-member exchange (LMX) relationship (emotion, loyalty, contribution, and professional respect), leaders' psychological capital (confidence, hope, optimism, and tenacity), and employees' innovation behaviors were analyzed based on multivariate regression. Hierarchical regression method was used to examine the mediating effect of the LMX. It was found that confidence, toughness, and contribution were significantly positively correlated with employee innovation behavior (p < 0.001). The positive correlation between hope, optimism, emotion, and loyalty with employees' innovation behavior was significant (p < 0.05). Besides, emotion, loyalty, and contribution had mediating effects on the leaders' psychological capital and the innovation behavior of employees. In conclusion, leaders' psychological capital can have a significant positive effect on the innovation behavior of employees directly, and it can also have an indirect positive effect on the innovation behavior of employees by maintaining high quality LMX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyi Li
- School of Business Administration, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Wei Liang
- School of Business Administration, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea.,College of Humanities, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhijian Yu
- School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Dang
- College of International Business, Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai, China
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Izumisawa T, Wakui N, Kaneko T, Soma M, Imai M, Saito D, Hasegawa H, Horino T, Takahashi N. Increased Vancomycin Clearance in Patients with Solid Malignancies. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:1081-1087. [PMID: 32295975 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vancomycin (VAN) is an anti-microbial agent used to treat a number of bacterial infections, which has a high incidence of nephrotoxicity. We examined the pharmacokinetics of VAN retrospectively based on trough concentrations at large scale and identified pharmacokinetic differences between Japanese patients having solid malignancy and non-malignancy patients. Data were analyzed from 162 solid malignancy patients and 261 non-malignancy patients, including the patient's background, VAN dose, and pharmacokinetics of VAN. We failed to detect differences in values for VAN clearance or shorter elimination half-lives between these two groups. In contrast, multiple regression analysis under adjusting for confounding factors by propensity score, showed that VAN clearance significantly increased in relation to solid malignancies in each stage. We conclude that VAN clearance in solid malignancy patients is increased and that the blood concentration of VAN becomes lower than expected. These results suggest that early monitoring of VAN levels in solid malignancy patients might be essential for maintaining desired effects without side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Izumisawa
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
| | - Nobuyuki Wakui
- Division of Applied Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hoshi University
| | - Tomoyoshi Kaneko
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
| | - Masakazu Soma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
| | - Masahiko Imai
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Daisuke Saito
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
| | - Hideo Hasegawa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital
| | - Tetsuya Horino
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jikei University School of Medicine
| | - Noriko Takahashi
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University
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Igase M, Okada Y, Ochi M, Igase K, Ochi H, Okuyama S, Furukawa Y, Ohyagi Y. Auraptene in the Peels of Citrus Kawachiensis (Kawachibankan) Contributes to the Preservation of Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Study in Healthy Volunteers. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2019; 5:197-201. [PMID: 29972213 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2017.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dementia, which is characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive function, is a major concern in aging societies. Although a number of treatments have been approved, an effective therapy to prevent the disorder is lacking. A supplement that improves cognitive function would benefit patients. The aim of this study was to assess whether auraptene, a citrus coumarin, has a protective effect on cognitive decline. DESIGN A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study SETTING: Outpatient medical check-up program for cognitive disorders PARTICIPANTS: 84 adult volunteers (they are cognitively normal) met inclusion and exclusion criteria to participate. INTERVENTION 42 participants received auraptene enriched (containing 6.0 mg/day of auraptene) test juice, and another participants received placebo juice. MEASUREMENTS 1) Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Screen using the 10-word immediate recall test. 2) The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Cognitive assessment ware carried out baseline and at 24 weeks. RESULTS Auraptene enriched test juice did not improve cognitive function after 24 weeks compared with baseline data. However, there was a significant difference in the percentage change in cognitive function between the test and placebo orange juice groups (6.3 ± 18.9 vs. -2.4 ± 14.8, P < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated a significant independent relationship between the percentage change in the 10-word immediate recall test score and test juice consumption including baseline 10-word immediate recall test score in all subjects. CONCLUSION This is the first study to assess the effectiveness of auraptene in the prevention of cognitive decline. Our results suggest that auraptene is a safe supplement for the prevention of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Igase
- Michiya Igase, MD, PhD, Department of Geriatric Medicine and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon City, Ehime 791-0295, Japan, Phone: +81-89-960-5851, Fax: +81-89-960-5852, E-mail:
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Miyashiro K, Nagahara R, Yamamoto K, Nishijima T. Kinematics of Maximal Speed Sprinting With Different Running Speed, Leg Length, and Step Characteristics. Front Sports Act Living 2019; 1:37. [PMID: 33344960 PMCID: PMC7739839 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2019.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to provide multiple regression equations taking into account differences in running speed, leg length, and step characteristics to predict kinematics of maximal speed sprinting. Seventy-nine male sprinters performed a maximal effort 60-m sprint, during which they were videoed through the section from the 40- to 50-m mark. From the video images, leg kinematic variables were obtained and used as dependent variables for multiple linear regression equation with predictors of running speed, leg length, step frequency, and swing/support ratio. Multiple regression equations to predict leg kinematics of maximal speed sprinting were successfully obtained. For swing leg kinematics, a significant regression model was obtained to predict thigh angle at the contralateral foot strike, maximal knee flexion and thigh lift angular velocities, and maximal leg backward swing velocity (adjusted R2 = 0.194–0.378, medium to large effect). For support leg kinematics, a significant regression model was obtained to predict knee flexion and extension angular displacements, maximal knee extension velocity, maximal leg backward swing angular velocity, and the other 13 kinematic variables (adjusted R2 = 0.134–0.757, medium to large effect). Based on the results, at a given leg length, faster maximal speed sprinting will be accompanied with greater thigh angle at the contralateral foot strike, greater maximal leg backward swing velocity during the swing phase, and smaller knee extension range during the support phase. Longer-legged sprinters will accomplish the same running speed with a greater thigh angle at contralateral foot strike, greater knee flexion range, and smaller maximal leg backward swing velocity during the support phase. At a given running speed and leg length, higher step frequencies will be achieved with a greater thigh angle at contralateral foot strike and smaller knee flexion and extension ranges during the support phase. At a given running speed, leg length and step frequency, a greater swing/support ratio will be accompanied with a greater thigh angle at contralateral foot strike and smaller knee extension angular displacement and velocity during the support phase. The regression equations obtained in this study will be useful for sprinters when trying to improve their maximal speed sprinting motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Miyashiro
- Law Course, Department of Law, Nihon Bunka University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryu Nagahara
- National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kanoya, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamamoto
- Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui, Japan
| | - Takahiko Nishijima
- Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Shah SAV, Ichihara K, Dherai AJ, Ashavaid TF. Reference intervals for 33 biochemical analytes in healthy Indian population: C-RIDL IFCC initiative. Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; 56:2093-2103. [PMID: 30074895 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2018-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background In 2011, the IFCC Committee on Reference Intervals and Decision Limits (C-RIDL) initiated a worldwide multicenter study on references values facilitating the implementation of country-specific reference intervals (RIs). There has been no well-designed RI study in India. This study aims to derive RIs for 33 major biochemical analytes in carefully selected healthy Indians as defined in C-RIDL protocol. Methods A total of 512 healthy Indians were recruited. Sera collected from overnight fasting blood samples were measured collectively for the analytes. Multiple regression analysis (MRA) and nested analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to identify the potential sources of variation (SV) of test results. RI were derived by both parametric and non-parametric methods for comparison. The need for secondary exclusion by latent abnormal values exclusion (LAVE) method was examined. Results MRA results indicated that both age and BMI were apparent SV for many analytes in both sexes. ANOVA revealed that partition of RIs by gender and age was required for 17 analytes (TC, HDL-C, TG, hsCRP, ALB, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, TBil, Urea, CRE, UA, Fe, TTR, CK and IgM) and 5 (Glu, ALB, TC, ALP and Urea), respectively. RIs by parametric method were generally narrower than by non-parametric method, reflecting distorted peripheral distributions of test results. The LAVE method had no appreciable effect on RIs possibly due to inconsistency among abnormal values of related analytes. Conclusions This study has for the first time provided comprehensive RIs information in healthy Indians. The final RIs adopted were those derived by parametric method without LAVE procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarup A V Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Kiyoshi Ichihara
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Alpa J Dherai
- Department of Biochemistry, P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Tester F Ashavaid
- Consultant Biochemist, Head - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Director - Lab Research, Department of Biochemistry, P. D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Veer Savarkar Marg, Mahim, Mumbai 400 016, India
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Basak T, Chakraborty A, Bhattacharya K. Identification of airborne pollen allergens from two avenue trees of India. Int J Environ Health Res 2019; 29:414-429. [PMID: 30450953 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2018.1546836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An attempt has been made to detect airborne pollen of Lagerstroemia speciosa (LS) and Spathodea campanulata (SC) - two common avenue trees of India as potential sources of aeroallergens and also to identify the major IgE-reactive components present in them. The airborne pollen concentration was assessed using a Burkard sampler. A detailed questionnaire on clinical data of 1490 patients was recorded based on hospital data. We assessed the allergenicity of pollen by in vivo and in vitro tests. The correlation among meteorological factors, pollen seasons and allergenic potency of patients was assessed by multiple regression analysis. The sensitivity of patients to pollen antigens was highly correlated with pollen seasons. In SDS-PAGE, 15 protein bands were detected from LS pollen, while 14 bands from SC. The IgE-specific immunoblotting with patients' sera allergic to LS displayed five major allergens, while four major allergens were detected from SC. This would be the first report from India to prove the allergenic potentiality of airborne pollen of these two common avenue trees of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Basak
- a Environmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany , Visva-Bharati University , Santiniketan , India
| | | | - Kashinath Bhattacharya
- a Environmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany , Visva-Bharati University , Santiniketan , India
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Abstract
Purpose: Platelets are crucial components of the coagulation processes, and low admission platelet count (PLC) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with Stanford type A acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: A total of 130 consecutive patients undergoing Stanford type A AAD surgery in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were enrolled between January 2013 and July 2014. Preoperative clinical and laboratory data from patients were collected. Multiple regression analyses were used to determine the independent factors of low admission platelets. Results: Adjusted multiple regression analysis showed that age (β: −1.069, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −2.109, −0.029), sex (β: −29.973, 95% CI: −56.512, −3.433), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI; β: 0.197, 95% CI: 0.039, 0.354), fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) (β: −0.476, 95% CI: −0.879, −0.074), and attack time (β: 11.125, 95% CI: 7.963, 14.287) were significantly associated with admission PLC. Admission PLC increased with attack time up to the 3 days (β: 16.2, 95% CI: 12.1, 20.2). Conclusions: We found that increasing age, male patients, patients with lower serum levels of TFPI and higher serum levels of FDP, and patients with a shorter attack time were significantly associated with lower PLC at admission. Moreover, the turning point of attack time is 3 days after the onset of dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiakai Lu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiping Cheng
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junming Zhu
- Department of Cardiology surgery, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mu Jin
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Hamada R, Ogawa E, Arai T. Continuous Optical Monitoring of Red Blood Cells During a Photosensitization Reaction. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2019; 37:110-116. [PMID: 31050934 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2018.4513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: An oxygen-enriched photosensitizer solution was created by the addition of red blood cells (RBCs) as an investigative tool for photosensitization reactions (PRs). Although the oxygen levels and reaction progress can be monitored using the optical characteristics of hemoglobin, previously this has only been done using intermittent measurements. An increase in methemoglobin concentration with irradiation time was reported. Objective: We constructed a continuous optical measurement system to study the dynamics of the PR in a photosensitizer solution containing RBCs. We also measured the relationship between hemolysis and methemoglobin production in the solution. Materials and methods: A 664 nm wavelength continuous laser beam at 60 mW/cm2 was used to drive the PR, and a broadband (475-650 nm) light beam was used to monitor the absorption spectra during the PR. The light sources were arranged perpendicularly to cross at a 1 × 10 mm cuvette. The sample in this cuvette was prepared from a low-hematocrit rabbit RBC suspension medium containing 30 μg/mL talaporfin sodium, a chlorine photosensitizer. The concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, and methemoglobin were obtained using a multiple regression analysis of the measured spectra. Results: The oxygen saturation decreased continuously during the PR. The relationship between the degree of hemolysis and produced methemoglobin concentration was confirmed. Conclusions: We determined the dynamics of the oxidation and oxygen desorption of hemoglobin, as well as RBC hemolysis, during the PR. Our measurement system, which uses the properties of hemoglobin contained in RBCs, might be useful for continuous monitoring of PR dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Hamada
- 1 School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Emiyu Ogawa
- 2 School of Allied Health Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Tsunenori Arai
- 3 Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Infomatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
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Gold M, Harada H, Therrien JD, Nishida T, Cunningham M, Semiyaga S, Fujii S, Dorea C, Nguyen VA, Strande L. Cross-country analysis of faecal sludge dewatering. Environ Technol 2018; 39:3077-3087. [PMID: 28866955 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1374472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Dewatering of faecal sludge (FS) is indispensable for adequate FS management. However, comprehensive knowledge is lacking on FS dewatering performance. This study compared the dewatering performance of FS from different countries and onsite sanitation technologies, to assess influential characteristics on dewatering, and to compare dewatering performance of FS with wastewater sludge. We collected 73 FS samples from septic tanks, lined pit latrines, unlined pit latrines and johkasou tanks in Uganda, Vietnam and Japan, and 18 samples of wastewater sludge in Switzerland. Capillary suction time (CST) and total solids (TS) of centrifuged sludge (%TSfinal) were determined as metrics of dewatering rate and dewaterability, respectively, together with relevant sludge characteristics. Data were analysed by bootstrapping comparison of median results of each sample category and by bootstrapping multiple regression analysis to quantify the relative importance of sludge characteristics on dewatering performance. Results showed that the dewatering rate was significantly different between FS from different technologies, whereas dewaterability was significantly different within the same technology. FS had a significantly lower dewatering rate than wastewater sludge. In contrast, FS dewaterability was greater than wastewater sludge. However, this could be attributed to higher concentrations of sand in FS. Electrochemical properties such as NH4-N and surface charge had the strongest correlation to dewatering rate, and solid properties such as sand content and total volatile solids to dewaterability. The results identify potential characteristics that could explain and predict the high variability of FS dewatering performance that is observed in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Gold
- a Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Sandec: Department of Water , Sanitation and Solid Waste for Development , Duebendorf , Switzerland
| | - Hidenori Harada
- b Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Jean-David Therrien
- a Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Sandec: Department of Water , Sanitation and Solid Waste for Development , Duebendorf , Switzerland
- c Département de génie civil et de génie des eaux , Université Laval , Quebec , Canada
| | - Takahiro Nishida
- b Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Michael Cunningham
- a Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Sandec: Department of Water , Sanitation and Solid Waste for Development , Duebendorf , Switzerland
| | - Swaib Semiyaga
- d Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology , Makerere University , Kampala , Uganda
| | - Shigeo Fujii
- b Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies , Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Caetano Dorea
- c Département de génie civil et de génie des eaux , Université Laval , Quebec , Canada
| | - Viet-Anh Nguyen
- e Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering , Hanoi , Vietnam
| | - Linda Strande
- a Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Sandec: Department of Water , Sanitation and Solid Waste for Development , Duebendorf , Switzerland
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Kawai K, Hata K, Tanaka T, Nishikawa T, Otani K, Murono K, Sasaki K, Kaneko M, Emoto S, Nozawa H. Learning Curve of Robotic Rectal Surgery With Lateral Lymph Node Dissection: Cumulative Sum and Multiple Regression Analyses. J Surg Educ 2018; 75:1598-1605. [PMID: 29907462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the learning curve of robotic rectal surgery, a procedure that has gained increasing focus in recent years because it is expected that the advanced devices used in this approach provide advantages resulting in a shorter learning curve than that of laparoscopic surgery. However, no studies have assessed the learning curve of robotic rectal surgery, especially when lateral lymph node dissection is required. DESIGN This was a nonrandomized, retrospective study from a single institution. SETTING All consecutive patients who underwent robotic rectal or sigmoid colon surgery by a single surgeon between February 2012 and July 2016 in the University of Tokyo Hospital were enrolled. The learning curve for console time was assessed using a cumulative sum analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. PARTICIPANTS A total of 131 consecutive patients underwent robotic rectal or sigmoid colon surgery performed by a single experienced surgeon. Of these, 41 patients received lateral lymph node dissection. RESULTS A cumulative sum plot for console time demonstrated that the learning period could be divided into 3 phases: Phase I, Cases 1 to 19; Phase II, Cases 20 to 78; and Phase III, Cases 79 to 131. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that console time decreased significantly from one phase to another (Phase I-II, Δconsole time 83.0 minutes; Phase II-III, Δconsole time 40.1 minutes). Other factors affecting console time included body mass index, operative procedure, and lateral lymph node dissection, but not neoadjuvant therapy (such as chemoradiotherapy) or depth of invasion. Lateral lymph node dissection required an additional 138.4 minutes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the first phase of the learning curve consists of the first 19 cases, which seems sufficient to master the manipulation of robotic arms and to understand spatial relationships unique to the robotic procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushige Kawai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Hata
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishikawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Otani
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Murono
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Sasaki
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Kaneko
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Emoto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nozawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Shirouchi B, Yamanaka R, Tanaka S, Kawatou F, Hayashi T, Takeyama A, Nakao A, Goromaru R, Iwamoto M, Sato M. Quantities of Phospholipid Molecular Classes in Japanese Meals and Prediction of Their Sources by Multiple Regression Analysis. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2018; 64:215-221. [PMID: 29962433 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.64.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dietary intake of total phospholipids (PLs) accounts for approximately 10% of total dietary lipids. Each PL molecular class has various beneficial effects on health. However, limited information is available regarding the intake of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and sphingomyelin (SM) among Japanese people, and the relevant food sources. In this study, we quantified the contents of PC, PE, PI, PS, LPC, and SM in 120 meal samples served in a Japanese company's dormitory and cafeteria. Additionally, we measured the weight of each food group and estimated the contents of nutrients in these meals. Furthermore, we conducted a stepwise multiple regression analysis to identify predictors (food groups) of each PL class intake. The contents of total PL, PC, PE, PI+PS, LPC, and SM (mean value) were 4.44, 2.17, 0.632, 0.123, 0.313, and 0.127 g/d, respectively. These values were considered as daily PL intake in accordance with data (three macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals) from our study and the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS) Japan, 2015. The content of eggs, meat, fish and shellfish, milk, pulses, fruits, mushrooms, cereals, and fats and oils in the meals predicted the PL and PC contents. The content of eggs, pulses, and mushrooms in the meals predicted the PE contents. Our results determined the daily intake of PL molecular classes among Japanese people and the food sources of PC and PE, and suggested that multiple regression analysis is useful for the prediction of food sources of bioactive components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bungo Shirouchi
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University
| | - Rikako Yamanaka
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University
| | - Shoji Tanaka
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University
| | - Fagyun Kawatou
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University
| | - Takuya Hayashi
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University
| | - Ai Takeyama
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University
| | - Akiko Nakao
- Graduate School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University
| | - Ryoko Goromaru
- Graduate School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University
| | - Masako Iwamoto
- Graduate School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University
| | - Masao Sato
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University
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Kim DG, Shim JY, Ko MJ, Chung SO, Chowdhury M, Lee WH. Statistical modeling for estimating glucosinolate content in Chinese cabbage by growth conditions. J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:3580-3587. [PMID: 29315681 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucosinolate in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr) has potential benefits for human health, and its content is affected by growth conditions. In this study, we used a statistical model to identify the relationship between glucosinolate content and growth conditions, and to predict glucosinolate content in Chinese cabbage. RESULT Multiple regression analysis was employed to develop the model's growth condition parameters of growing period, temperature, humidity and glucosinolate content measured in Chinese cabbage grown in a plant factory. The developed model was represented by a second-order multi-polynomial equation with two independent parameters: growth duration and temperature (adjusted R2 = 0.81), and accurately predicted glucosinolate content after 14 days of seeding. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this study presents the first statistical model for evaluating glucosinolate content, suggesting a useful methodology for designing glucosinolate-related experiments, and optimizing glucosinolate content in Chinese cabbage cultivation. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Gyun Kim
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Joon-Yong Shim
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Myung-Jun Ko
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sun-Ok Chung
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Milon Chowdhury
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Wang-Hee Lee
- Department of Biosystems Machinery Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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Côté MJ, Smith MA. Forecasting the demand for radiology services. Health Syst (Basingstoke) 2017; 7:79-88. [PMID: 31214340 DOI: 10.1080/20476965.2017.1390056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the demand for health services is the key driver for virtually all of a health care organisation's financial and operational activities, it is imperative that health care managers invest the time and effort to develop appropriate and accessible forecasting models for their facility's services. In this article, we analyse and forecast the demand for radiology services at a large, tertiary hospital in Florida. We demonstrate that a comprehensive and accurate forecasting model can be constructed using well-known statistical techniques. We then use our model to illustrate how to provide decision support for radiology managers with respect to department staffing. The methodology we present is not limited to radiology services and we advocate for more routine and widespread use of demand forecasting throughout the health care delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray J Côté
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Marlene A Smith
- The Business School, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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Cheng L, Xie D, Qian Q, He Y. [Current situation of food consumption and its correlation with climate among rural residents in China, 2000-2012]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2017; 46:861-867. [PMID: 29903192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the differences in food consumption among rural residents in various regions of China, and to analyze the climatic factors that affect the food consumption of rural residents. METHODS Based on the consumption data of 13 kinds of food of rural residents including wheat, rice, other grain, fresh vegetables, pork, beef and mutton, poultry, eggs and related products, milk and related products, aquatic products, edible oil, sugar and liquor collected from the China Statistical Yearbook and China's Economic and social data research platform during 2000 to 2012, cluster analysis was conducted to partition the dietary structure and compare the differences in food consumption in each geographical area. Selecting the average temperature, annual temperature difference, daily temperature difference, average air pressure, average daily precipitation, average wind speed, average relative humidity, average sunshine duration, 8 climatic factors as independent variables from the "Dataset of daily surface observations values in individual years( 1981-2010) in China "and "Dataset of annual values of climate data from Chinese surface stations for global exchange " released by China Meteorological Data Service Center to establish a multivariate linear regression model to study the correlation between food consumption and climate. RESULTS The geographical partition of dietary structure of rural residents in China was as follows: Beijing-Tianjin region, northeast region, upstream and downstream parts of the Yellow River region, southeast coastal area, the part middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region, Lingnan area, southwest region, Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Qing-Xin( Qinghai and Xinjiang)region. In the comparison of annual per capita food consumption in various regions: the consumption of eggs and related products( 12. 96 kg) and edible oil( 10. 18 kg) in BeijingTianjin region, vegetable( 128. 20 kg) in northeastern region, aquatic products( 15. 81 kg) and liquor( 19. 04 kg) in the southeastern coastal areas, rice( 189. 36 kg) and poultry( 10. 17 kg) in Lingnan area, pork( 26. 46 kg) in southwest China, other food( 126. 31 kg), milk and related products( 32. 38 kg), beef and mutton( 12. 87 kg) and sugar( 2. 65 kg) in Tibet, and wheat( 184. 63 kg) in Qingxin region was the highest in China. While the consumption of sugar( 0. 79 kg) in northeastern region, other food( 10. 64 kg) in the southeastern coastal areas, wheat( 0. 60 kg) and milk and related products( 0. 33 kg) in Lingnan area, beef and mutton( 0. 43 kg) in southwest China, edible oil( 4. 21 kg) in Inner Mongolia, vegetables( 19. 21 kg), eggs and related products( 0. 60 kg), aquatic products( 0. 01 kg), pork( 2. 23 kg) and poultry( 0. 03 kg) in Tibet, and rice( 13. 00 kg)and liquor( 2. 25 kg) in Qing-Xin regions was the lowest in China. The result of multiple linear regression analysis of climate and food consumption showed that consumption of wheat in staple foods was negatively correlated with average daily precipitation( P < 0. 01, Adj. R~2= 0. 632); and there was a positive correlation between rice consumption and average daily precipitation, and a negative correlation with average temperature and daily temperature difference( P < 0. 01, Adj. R~2= 0. 839). There was a positive correlation between vegetable consumption and annual temperature difference, and negative correlation with average sunshine duration( P < 0. 01, Adj. R~2= 0. 450). The pork consumption was negatively correlated with the average sunshine duration( P < 0. 01, Adj. R~2= 0. 386). CONCLUSION The dietary structure of rural residents in China can bedivided into 10 kinds of geographical partitions. Average daily precipitation is negatively and positively correlated with consumption of wheat and rice, respectively. Average sunshine duration has negative impact on vegetable and pork consumption. Average temperature and daily temperature difference are negatively correlated with rice consumption. And annual temperature difference has positive impact on vegetable consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingru Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology ( HAU) , Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dingyuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology ( HAU) , Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiuhong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology ( HAU) , Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yijia He
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology ( HAU) , Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Nakajima H, Yano K, Nagasawa K, Katou S, Yokota K. Examination of Factors that Influence the Operation Income and Expenditure Balance Difference Rate of 20 Educational Foundation Universities. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi 2017; 72:166-176. [PMID: 28931795 DOI: 10.1265/jjh.72.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to examine the factors that influence the operation income and expenditure balance ratio of school corporations running university hospitals by multiple regression analysis. METHODS 1. We conducted cluster analysis of the financial ratio and classified the school corporations into those running colleges and universities.2. We conducted multiple regression analysis using the operation income and expenditure balance ratio of the colleges as the variables and the Diagnosis Procedure Combination data as the explaining variables.3. The predictive expression was used for multiple regression analysis. RESULTS 1. The school corporations were divided into those running universities (7), colleges (20) and others. The medical income ratio and the debt ratio were high and the student payment ratio was low in the colleges.2. The numbers of emergency care hospitalizations, operations, radiation therapies, and ambulance conveyances, and the complexity index had a positive influence on the operation income and expenditure balance ratio. On the other hand, the number of general anesthesia procedures, the cover rate index, and the emergency care index had a negative influence.3. The predictive expression was as follows.Operation income and expenditure balance ratio = 0.027 × number of emergency care hospitalizations + 0.005 × number of operations + 0.019 × number of radiation therapies + 0.007 × number of ambulance conveyances - 0.003 × number of general anesthesia procedures + 648.344 × complexity index - 5877.210 × cover rate index - 2746.415 × emergency care index - 38.647Conclusion: In colleges, the number of emergency care hospitalizations, the number of operations, the number of radiation therapies, and the number of ambulance conveyances and the complexity index were factors for gaining ordinary profit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Nakajima
- Department of Medical Insurance Guidance Room, The Jikei University Hospital
| | - Kouya Yano
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University
| | - Kaoko Nagasawa
- Department of Medical Insurance Guidance Room, The Jikei University Hospital
| | - Satoka Katou
- Department of Medical Insurance Guidance Room, The Jikei University Hospital
| | - Kuninobu Yokota
- Department of Medical Insurance Guidance Room, The Jikei University Hospital
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Nakamura R, Nakano K, Tamura H, Mizunuma M, Fushiki T, Hirata D. Evaluation of the comprehensive palatability of Japanese sake paired with dishes by multiple regression analysis based on subdomains. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017. [PMID: 28635370 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1336924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Many factors contribute to palatability. In order to evaluate the palatability of Japanese alcohol sake paired with certain dishes by integrating multiple factors, here we applied an evaluation method previously reported for palatability of cheese by multiple regression analysis based on 3 subdomain factors (rewarding, cultural, and informational). We asked 94 Japanese participants/subjects to evaluate the palatability of sake (1st evaluation/E1 for the first cup, 2nd/E2 and 3rd/E3 for the palatability with aftertaste/afterglow of certain dishes) and to respond to a questionnaire related to 3 subdomains. In E1, 3 factors were extracted by a factor analysis, and the subsequent multiple regression analyses indicated that the palatability of sake was interpreted by mainly the rewarding. Further, the results of attribution-dissections in E1 indicated that 2 factors (rewarding and informational) contributed to the palatability. Finally, our results indicated that the palatability of sake was influenced by the dish eaten just before drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nakamura
- a Research and Development Department , Asahi Sake Brewing Co. Ltd. , Nagaoka , Japan.,b Department of Molecular Biotechnology , Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University , Higashi-Hiroshima , Japan.,c Faculty of Agriculture , Ryukoku University , Otsu , Japan
| | - Kumiko Nakano
- c Faculty of Agriculture , Ryukoku University , Otsu , Japan.,d Department of Life Environment , Koshien Junior College , Nishinomiya , Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Tamura
- a Research and Development Department , Asahi Sake Brewing Co. Ltd. , Nagaoka , Japan
| | - Masaki Mizunuma
- b Department of Molecular Biotechnology , Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University , Higashi-Hiroshima , Japan
| | - Tohru Fushiki
- c Faculty of Agriculture , Ryukoku University , Otsu , Japan
| | - Dai Hirata
- a Research and Development Department , Asahi Sake Brewing Co. Ltd. , Nagaoka , Japan.,b Department of Molecular Biotechnology , Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University , Higashi-Hiroshima , Japan
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Ikeda S, Takeuchi H, Taki Y, Nouchi R, Yokoyama R, Kotozaki Y, Nakagawa S, Sekiguchi A, Iizuka K, Yamamoto Y, Hanawa S, Araki T, Miyauchi CM, Sakaki K, Nozawa T, Yokota S, Magistro D, Kawashima R. A Comprehensive Analysis of the Correlations between Resting-State Oscillations in Multiple-Frequency Bands and Big Five Traits. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:321. [PMID: 28680397 PMCID: PMC5478695 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the association between human personality traits and resting-state brain activity has gained interest in neuroimaging studies. However, it remains unclear if Big Five personality traits are represented in frequency bands (~0.25 Hz) of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activity. Based on earlier neurophysiological studies, we investigated the correlation between the five personality traits assessed by the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) at four distinct frequency bands (slow-5 (0.01–0.027 Hz), slow-4 (0.027–0.073 Hz), slow-3 (0.073–0.198 Hz) and slow-2 (0.198–0.25 Hz)). We enrolled 835 young subjects and calculated the correlations of resting-state fMRI signals using a multiple regression analysis. We found a significant and consistent correlation between fALFF and the personality trait of extraversion at all frequency bands. Furthermore, significant correlations were detected in distinct brain regions for each frequency band. This finding supports the frequency-specific spatial representations of personality traits as previously suggested. In conclusion, our data highlight an association between human personality traits and fALFF at four distinct frequency bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyuki Ikeda
- Department of Ubiquitous Sensing, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Hikaru Takeuchi
- Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Taki
- Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan.,Division of Medical Neuroimaging Analysis, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Rui Nouchi
- Creative Interdisciplinary Research Division, Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan.,Human and Social Response Research Division, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan.,Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | | | - Yuka Kotozaki
- Division of Clinical research, Medical-Industry Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University School of MedicineFukushima, Japan
| | - Seishu Nakagawa
- Division of Psychiatry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversitySendai, Japan.,Department of Functional Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sekiguchi
- Division of Medical Neuroimaging Analysis, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan.,Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan.,Department of Adult Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyo, Japan
| | - Kunio Iizuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University HospitalSendai, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Sugiko Hanawa
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Carlos Makoto Miyauchi
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Department of General Systems Studies, The University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Sakaki
- Department of Advanced Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nozawa
- Department of Ubiquitous Sensing, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Susumu Yokota
- Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
| | - Daniele Magistro
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough UniversityLoughborough, United Kingdom.,National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), Loughborough UniversityLoughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Ryuta Kawashima
- Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan.,Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan.,Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
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Klimek L, Schumacher H, Schütt T, Gräter H, Mueck T, Michel MC. Factors associated with efficacy of an ibuprofen/pseudoephedrine combination drug in pharmacy customers with common cold symptoms. Int J Clin Pract 2017; 71:e12907. [PMID: 27925348 PMCID: PMC5347851 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to explore factors affecting efficacy of treatment of common cold symptoms with an over-the-counter ibuprofen/pseudoephedrine combination product. METHODS Data from an anonymous survey among 1770 pharmacy customers purchasing the combination product for treatment of own common cold symptoms underwent post-hoc descriptive analysis. Scores of symptoms typically responsive to ibuprofen (headache, pharyngeal pain, joint pain and fever), typically responsive to pseudoephedrine (congested nose, congested sinus and runny nose), considered non-specific (sneezing, fatigue, dry cough, cough with expectoration) and comprising all 11 symptoms were analysed. Multiple regression analysis was applied to explore factors associated with greater reduction in symptom intensity or greater probability of experiencing a symptom reduction of at least 50%. RESULTS After intake of first dose of medication, typically ibuprofen-sensitive, pseudoephedrine-responsive, non-specific and total symptoms were reduced by 60.0%, 46.3%, 45.4% and 52.8%, respectively. A symptom reduction of at least 50% was reported by 73.6%, 55.1%, 50.9% and 61.6% of participants, respectively. A high baseline score was associated with greater reductions in symptom scores but smaller probability of achieving an improvement of at least 50%. Across both multiple regression approaches, two tablets at first dosing were more effective than one and (except for ibuprofen-sensitive symptoms) starting treatment later than day 2 of the cold was generally less effective. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Efficacy of an ibuprofen/pseudoephedrine combination in the treatment of common cold symptoms was dose-dependent and greatest when treatment started within the first 2 days after onset of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Klimek
- Center for Rhinology and AllergologyWiesbadenGermany
| | | | - Tanja Schütt
- Department of Medical AffairsBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KGIngelheimGermany
| | - Heidemarie Gräter
- Department of Medical AffairsBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KGIngelheimGermany
| | - Tobias Mueck
- Department of Medical AffairsBoehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KGIngelheimGermany
| | - Martin C. Michel
- Department of PharmacologyJohannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
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Gaikwad T, Ghosh K, Avery P, Kamali F, Shetty S. Warfarin Dose Model for the Prediction of Stable Maintenance Dose in Indian Patients. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2017; 24:353-359. [PMID: 28049362 DOI: 10.1177/1076029616683046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to screen various genetic and nongenetic factors that are known to alter warfarin response and to generate a model to predict stable warfarin maintenance dose for Indian patients. The study comprised of 300 warfarin-treated patients. Followed by extensive literature review, 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, that is, VKORC1-1639 G>A (rs9923231), CYP2C9*2 (rs1799853), CYP2C9*3 (rs1057910), FVII R353Q (rs6046), GGCX 12970 C>G (rs11676382), CALU c.*4A>G (rs1043550), EPHX1 c.337T>C (rs1051740), GGCX: c.214+597G>A (rs12714145), GGCX: 8016G>A (rs699664), and CYP4F2 V433M (rs2108622), and 5 nongenetic factors, that is, age, gender, smoking, alcoholism, and diet, were selected to find their association with warfarin response. The univariate analysis was carried out for 15 variables (10 genetic and 5 nongenetic). Five variables, that is, VKORC1-1639 G>A, CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3, age, and diet, were found to be significantly associated with warfarin response in univariate analysis. These 5 variables were entered in stepwise and multiple regression analysis to generate a prediction model for stable warfarin maintenance dose. The generated model scored R2 of .67, which indicates that this model can explain 67% of warfarin dose variability. The generated model will help in prescribing more accurate warfarin maintenance dosing in Indian patients and will also help in minimizing warfarin-induced adverse drug reactions and a better quality of life in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejasvita Gaikwad
- 1 National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Kanjaksha Ghosh
- 2 Surat Raktadan Kendra & Research Centre, Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Peter Avery
- 3 School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Farhad Kamali
- 4 Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Shrimati Shetty
- 1 National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Department of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
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Otsuka S, Furukawa S, Yamagishi S, Hirota K, Kashino M. Relation Between Cochlear Mechanics and Performance of Temporal Fine Structure-Based Tasks. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2016; 17:541-557. [PMID: 27631508 PMCID: PMC5112215 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-016-0581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined whether the mechanical characteristics of the cochlea could influence individual variation in the ability to use temporal fine structure (TFS) information. Cochlear mechanical functioning was evaluated by swept-tone evoked otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), which are thought to comprise linear reflection by micromechanical impedance perturbations, such as spatial variations in the number or geometry of outer hair cells, on the basilar membrane (BM). Low-rate (2 Hz) frequency modulation detection limens (FMDLs) were measured for carrier frequency of 1000 Hz and interaural phase difference (IPD) thresholds as indices of TFS sensitivity and high-rate (16 Hz) FMDLs and amplitude modulation detection limens (AMDLs) as indices of sensitivity to non-TFS cues. Significant correlations were found among low-rate FMDLs, low-rate AMDLs, and IPD thresholds (R = 0.47-0.59). A principal component analysis was used to show a common factor that could account for 81.1, 74.1, and 62.9 % of the variance in low-rate FMDLs, low-rate AMDLs, and IPD thresholds, respectively. An OAE feature, specifically a characteristic dip around 2-2.5 kHz in OAE spectra, showed a significant correlation with the common factor (R = 0.54). High-rate FMDLs and AMDLs were correlated with each other (R = 0.56) but not with the other measures. The results can be interpreted as indicating that (1) the low-rate AMDLs, as well as the IPD thresholds and low-rate FMDLs, depend on the use of TFS information coded in neural phase locking and (2) the use of TFS information is influenced by a particular aspect of cochlear mechanics, such as mechanical irregularity along the BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Otsuka
- Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563 Japan
- NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Morinosato Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198 Japan
| | - Shigeto Furukawa
- NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Morinosato Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198 Japan
| | - Shimpei Yamagishi
- Department of Information Processing, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503 Japan
| | - Koich Hirota
- Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies/Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563 Japan
| | - Makio Kashino
- NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Morinosato Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198 Japan
- Department of Information Processing, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503 Japan
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Shan R, Yin H, Yang W, Li J, Zhang M, Zhao M, Shao J, Wang A. Influencing factors of transient elastography in detecting liver stiffness. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:2302-2306. [PMID: 27698728 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver stiffness, which correlates well with liver fibrosis stage, can be measured noninvasively by transient elastography, also known as Fibroscan. The present study aimed to determine the independent factors influencing Fibroscan detection by multiple regression analysis. A total of 181 patients who required liver biopsy were enrolled. Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) was detected by Fibroscan on the day of liver biopsy, while clinical information and routine biochemical examination results were also collected. Correlation was analyzed by Spearman's correlation, and multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze the independent influencing factors. The results demonstrated that platelet (PLT) levels, serum albumin (ALB), prothrombin activity (PTA) and body mass index (BMI) were independent predictors of liver stiffness. The contribution of these four predictors to the regression equation was in the following descending order: PLT (negative correlation) > ALB (negative correlation) > PTA (negative correlation) > BMI (positive correlation). In conclusion, the parameters of PLT, ALB, PTA and BMI are independent predicting factors affecting Fibroscan detection. Therefore, the diagnosis and evaluation of liver fibrosis should comprehensively consider the results of Fibroscan, and clinical and laboratory examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Shan
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinan Infectious Disease Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China; Department of Ultrasound, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Department of Emergency, Jinan Center Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250001, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhi Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinan Infectious Disease Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Meifang Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinan Infectious Disease Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinan Infectious Disease Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Shao
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinan Infectious Disease Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Aiguang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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Ikinger CM, Baldamus J, Spiller A. Factors Influencing the Safety Behavior of German Equestrians: Attitudes towards Protective Equipment and Peer Behaviors. Animals (Basel) 2016; 6:ani6020014. [PMID: 26901229 PMCID: PMC4773741 DOI: 10.3390/ani6020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The handling and riding of horses can be quite dangerous. Although the use of protective gear among equestrians is increasing, a high number of incidents occur and the voluntary use of safety equipment is described as inconsistent to low. Therefore, this study looks at the safety behavior of German equestrians and at factors influencing this behavior to decrease the high number of horse-related injuries. The results reveal that attitudes towards safety products as well as the protective behavior of other horse owners and riding pupils from the stable are key factors that might alter the safety behavior of equestrians. Abstract Human interactions with horses entail certain risks. Although the acceptance and use of protective gear is increasing, a high number of incidents and very low or inconsistent voluntary use of safety equipment are reported. While past studies have examined factors influencing the use of safety gear, they have explored neither their influence on the overall safety behavior, nor their relative influence in relation to each other. The aim of the present study is to fill this gap. We conducted an online survey with 2572 participants. By means of a subsequent multiple regression analysis, we explored 23 different variables in view of their influence on the protective behavior of equestrians. In total, we found 17 variables that exerted a significant influence. The results show that both having positive or negative attitudes towards safety products as well as the protective behavior of other horse owners or riding pupils from the stable have the strongest influence on the safety behavior of German equestrians. We consider such knowledge to be important for both scientists and practitioners, such as producers of protective gear or horse sport associations who might alter safety behavior in such a way that the number of horse-related injuries decreases in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina-Maria Ikinger
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development (DARE), Georg-August University of Göttingen, Platz der Göttinger Sieben 5, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Jana Baldamus
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development (DARE), Georg-August University of Göttingen, Platz der Göttinger Sieben 5, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Achim Spiller
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development (DARE), Georg-August University of Göttingen, Platz der Göttinger Sieben 5, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
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Matsuo E, Matsubara S, Shiga S, Yamanaka K. Relationships between Psychophysiological Responses to Cycling Exercise and Post-Exercise Self-Efficacy. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1775. [PMID: 26635682 PMCID: PMC4655235 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although self-efficacy (SE) is an important determinant of regular exercise, it is unclear how subjective and physiological states before, during, and after the exercise session affects post-exercise SE. The aim of this study was to clarify subjective and physiological factors affecting post-exercise SE assessed after a single exercise session at a physiologically equivalent level. Forty-three healthy volunteers (28 women, 15 men) completed an 82-min experimental session, comprising a 22-min pre-exercise rest, a 30-min steady-state cycling exercise at moderate intensity [40% of heart rate (HR) reserve], and a 30-min post-exercise rest. We measured physiological (HR) and subjective [Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE), Feeling Scale (FS)] states during the experimental session. Autonomic states were assessed by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) during pre- and post-exercise rest. Post-exercise SE, which was the participants' confidence in their ability to perform the 30-min exercise that they had just performed, was assessed at 30-min post-exercise. A stepwise multiple regression analysis, with post-exercise SE as the dependent variable and physiological and subjective measures of the exercise as candidate explanatory variables, showed that post-exercise SE was negatively correlated with RPE and positively correlated with FS at the end of the 30-min exercise. In addition, post-exercise SE was negatively correlated with high-frequency power of the post-exercise HRV, an index of parasympathetic function. These results indicate that post-exercise SE is related not only to subjective responses to the exercise but also to autonomic response after the exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Matsuo
- School of Pharmacy, Nihon University Funabashi, Japan ; Graduate School of Life Sciences, Showa Women's University Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Seigo Shiga
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Showa Women's University Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamanaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Showa Women's University Tokyo, Japan ; Institute of Women's Health Sciences, Showa Women's University Tokyo, Japan
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