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Karabaliev M, Tacheva B, Paarvanova B, Georgieva R. Change in Osmotic Pressure Influences the Absorption Spectrum of Hemoglobin inside Red Blood Cells. Cells 2024; 13:589. [PMID: 38607028 PMCID: PMC11011345 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Absorption spectra of red blood cell (RBC) suspensions are investigated in an osmolarity range in the medium from 200 mOsm to 900 mOsm. Three spectral parameters are used to characterize the process of swelling or shrinkage of RBC-the absorbance at 700 nm, the Soret peak height relative to the spectrum background, and the Soret peak wavelength. We show that with an increase in the osmolarity, the absorbance at 700 nm increases and the Soret peak relative height decreases. These changes are related to the changes in the RBC volume and the resulting increase in the hemoglobin intracellular concentration and index of refraction. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry measurements supported these conclusions. The maximum wavelength of the Soret peak increases with increasing osmolarity due to changes in the oxygenation state of hemoglobin. Using these spectrum parameters, the process of osmosis in RBCs can be followed in real time, but it can also be applied to various processes, leading to changes in the volume and shape of RBCs. Therefore, we conclude that UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry offers a convenient, easily accessible, and cost-effective method to monitor changes in RBC, which can find applications in the field of drug discovery and diagnostics of RBC and hemoglobin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Karabaliev
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (B.T.); (B.P.)
| | - Bilyana Tacheva
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (B.T.); (B.P.)
| | - Boyana Paarvanova
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (B.T.); (B.P.)
| | - Radostina Georgieva
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (B.T.); (B.P.)
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charite-Universitatsrnedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Yang N, Song W, Xiao Y, Xia M, Xiao L, Li T, Zhang Z, Yu N, Zhang X. Minimum Minutes Machine-Learning Microfluidic Microbe Monitoring Method (M7). ACS Nano 2024; 18:4862-4870. [PMID: 38231040 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Frequent outbreaks of viral diseases have brought substantial negative impacts on society and the economy, and they are very difficult to detect, as the concentration of viral aerosols in the air is low and the composition is complex. The traditional detection method is manually collection and re-detection, being cumbersome and time-consuming. Here we propose a virus aerosol detection method based on microfluidic inertial separation and spectroscopic analysis technology to rapidly and accurately detect aerosol particles in the air. The microfluidic chip is designed based on the principles of inertial separation and laminar flow characteristics, resulting in an average separation efficiency of 95.99% for 2 μm particles. We build a microfluidic chip composite spectrometer detection platform to capture the spectral information on aerosol particles dynamically. By employing machine-learning techniques, we can accurately classify different types of aerosol particles. The entire experiment took less than 30 min as compared with hours by PCR detection. Furthermore, our model achieves an accuracy of 97.87% in identifying virus aerosols, which is comparable to the results obtained from PCR detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Wei Song
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Muming Xia
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Lizhi Xiao
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Tongge Li
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Zhang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Ni Yu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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3
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Yu Y, Yang Z, Xia Y, Lv Y, Zhang W, Lin C, Shao C. Rational design and performance prediction of organic photosensitizer based on TATA + dye for hydrogen production by photocatalytic decomposition of water. Front Chem 2023; 11:1210501. [PMID: 38162395 PMCID: PMC10757343 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1210501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In comparison to metal complexes, organic photosensitive dyes employed in photocatalytic hydrogen production exhibit promising developmental prospects. Utilizing the organic dye molecule TA+0 as the foundational structure, a series of innovative organic dyes, denoted as TA1-1 to TA2-6, were systematically designed. Employing first-principles calculations, we methodically explored the modifying effects of diverse electron-donating groups on the R1 and R2 positions to assess their application potential. Our findings reveal that, relative to the experimentally synthesized TATA+03, the TA2-6 molecule boasts a spatial structure conducive to intramolecular electron transfer, showcasing the most negative reduction potential (Ered = -2.11 eV) and the maximum reaction driving force (△G0 2 = -1.26 eV). This configuration enhances its compatibility with the reduction catalyst, thereby facilitating efficient hydrogen evolution. The TA2-6 dye demonstrates outstanding photophysical properties and a robust solar energy capture capacity. Its maximum molar extinction coefficient (ε) stands at 2.616 × 104 M-1·cm-1, representing a remarkable 292.8% improvement over TATA+03. In conclusion, this research underscores the promising potential of the TA2-6 dye as an innovative organic photosensitizer, positioning it as an efficacious component in homogeneous photocatalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wansong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas and College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
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4
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Yang N, Shi Q, Wei M, Xiao Y, Xia M, Cai X, Zhang X, Wang W, Pan X, Mao H, Zou X, Guo M, Zhang X. Deep-Learning Terahertz Single-Cell Metabolic Viability Study. ACS Nano 2023; 17:21383-21393. [PMID: 37767788 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Cell viability assessment is critical, yet existing assessments are not accurate enough. We report a cell viability evaluation method based on the metabolic ability of a single cell. Without culture medium, we measured the absorption of cells to terahertz laser beams, which could target a single cell. The cell viability was assessed with a convolution neural classification network based on cell morphology. We established a cell viability assessment model based on the THz-AS (terahertz-absorption spectrum) results as y = a = (x - b)c, where x is the terahertz absorbance and y is the cell viability, and a, b, and c are the fitting parameters of the model. Under water stress the changes in terahertz absorbance of cells corresponded one-to-one with the apoptosis process, and we propose a cell 0 viability definition as terahertz absorbance remains unchanged based on the cell metabolic mechanism. Compared with typical methods, our method is accurate, label-free, contact-free, and almost interference-free and could help visualize the cell apoptosis process for broad applications including drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- School of Electrical Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Qian Shi
- School of Electrical Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Mingji Wei
- School of Electrical Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Muming Xia
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Xiaolu Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Wencong Wang
- School of Electrical Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Hanping Mao
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Ming Guo
- School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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Razjivin AP, Kozlovsky VS, Ashikhmin AA, Pishchalnikov RY. Gaussian Decomposition vs. Semiclassical Quantum Simulation: Obtaining the High-Order Derivatives of a Spectrum in the Case of Photosynthetic Pigment Optical Properties Studying. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8248. [PMID: 37837078 PMCID: PMC10574941 DOI: 10.3390/s23198248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a procedure for obtaining undistorted high derivatives (up to the eighth order) of the optical absorption spectra of biomolecule pigments has been developed. To assess the effectiveness of the procedure, the theoretical spectra of bacteriochlorophyll a, chlorophyll a, spheroidene, and spheroidenone were simulated by fitting the experimental spectra using the differential evolution algorithm. The experimental spectra were also approximated using sets of Gaussians to calculate the model absorption spectra. Theoretical and model spectra can be differentiated without smoothing (high-frequency noise filtering) to obtain high derivatives. Superimposition of the noise track on the model spectra allows us to obtain test spectra similar to the experimental ones. Comparison of the high derivatives of the model spectra with those of the test spectra allows us to find the optimal parameters of the filter, the application of which leads to minimal differences between the high derivatives of the model and test spectra. For all four studied pigments, it was shown that smoothing the experimental spectra with optimal filters makes it possible to obtain the eighth derivatives of the experimental spectra, which were close to the eighth derivatives of their theoretical spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei P. Razjivin
- Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vladimir S. Kozlovsky
- Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Aleksandr A. Ashikhmin
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Roman Y. Pishchalnikov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Zhang N, Yang Z, Zhang Z, Wang J. Relationship Between Stress Modulated Metallicity and Plasmon in Graphene Nanoribbons. Chemphyschem 2023:e202300348. [PMID: 37731169 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale quantum plasmon is an important technology that restricts the application of optics, electricity, and graphene photoelectric devices. Establishing a structure-effect relationship between the structure of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) under stress regulation and the properties of plasmons is a key scientific issue for promoting the application of plasmons in micro-nano photoelectric devices. In this study, zigzag graphene nanoribbon (Z-GNR) and armchair graphene nanoribbon (A-GNR) models of specific widths were constructed, and density functional theory (DFT) was used to study their lattice structure, energy band, absorption spectrum, and plasmon effects under different stresses. The results showed that the Z-GNR band gap decreased with increasing stress, and the A-GNR band gap changed periodically with increasing stress. The plasmon effects of the A-GNRs and Z-GNRs appeared in the visible region, whereas the absorption spectrum showed a redshift trend, indicating the range of the plasmon spectrum also underwent significant changes. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of graphene nanoribbons in the field of optoelectronics under strain-engineering conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- College of Science, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Micro-Nano Functional Materials, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun, 113001, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yang
- College of Science, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Micro-Nano Functional Materials, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun, 113001, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- College of Science, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Micro-Nano Functional Materials, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun, 113001, China
| | - Jingang Wang
- College of Science, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Novel Micro-Nano Functional Materials, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun, 113001, China
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7
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Tachikawa H, Izumi Y, Iyama T, Abe S, Watanabe I. Aluminum-Doping Effects on the Electronic States of Graphene Nanoflake: Diffusion and Hydrogen Storage Mechanism. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2046. [PMID: 37513057 PMCID: PMC10384847 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanoflakes are widely utilized as high-performance molecular devices due to their chemical stability and light weight. In the present study, the interaction of aluminum species with graphene nanoflake (denoted as GR-Al) has been investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) method to elucidate the doping effects of Al metal on the electronic states of GR. The mechanisms of the diffusion of Al on GR surface and the hydrogen storage of GR-Al were also investigated in detail. The neutral, mono-, di-, and trivalent Al ions (expressed as Al, Al+, Al2+, and Al3+, respectively) were examined as the Al species. The DFT calculations showed that the charge transfer interaction between Al and GR plays an important role in the binding of Al species to GR. The diffusion path of Al on GR surface was determined: the barrier heights of Al diffusion were calculated to be 2.1-2.8 kcal mol-1, which are lower than Li+ on GR (7.2 kcal/mol). The possibility of using GR-Al for hydrogen storage was also discussed on the basis of the theoretical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Tachikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Izumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Iyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Abe
- Department of Dental and Biomedical Materials Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Ikuya Watanabe
- Department of Dental and Biomedical Materials Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
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Nguyen LTD, Ngo VC, Thai TL, Phan DTN, Nguyen TAD, Tran VT, Vu TT, Phan TKL. Correlation between energy band transition and optical absorption spectrum in bilayer armchair graphene nanoribbons. J Phys Condens Matter 2023. [PMID: 37285859 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acdc75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the intrinsic as well as modulated optical properties of the AB-stacking bilayer in the absence and presence of external electric fields. Single-layer armchair graphene ribbons are also considered for comparison. By using a tight-binding model in combination with the gradient approximation, we examine the energy bands, the density of states as well as the absorption spectra. Our results demonstrate that when external fields are not present, the low-frequency optical absorption spectra display numerous peaks and they vanish at zero point. In addition, the number, the position, and the intensity of the absorption peaks are strongly associated with the ribbon width. With the wider ribbon width, more absorption peaks are present and a lower threshold absorption frequency is observed. Interestingly, in the presence of electric fields, bilayer armchair ribbons exhibit a lower threshold absorption frequency, more absorption peaks, and weaker spectral intensity. When increasing the strength of the electric field, the prominent peaks of the edge-dependent selection rules are lowered, and the sub-peaks satisfying the extra selection rules come to exist. The obtained results certainly provide a more comprehensive understanding of the correlation between the energy band transition and the optical absorption, in both single-layer and bilayer graphene armchair ribbons, and could provide new insights into developments of optoelectronic device applications based on graphene bilayer ribbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lam-Thuy-Duong Nguyen
- School of Graduate, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Can Tho, 94000, VIET NAM
| | - Van-Chinh Ngo
- School of Graduate, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Can Tho, 94000, VIET NAM
| | - Thanh-Lap Thai
- School of Graduate, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Can Tho, 94000, VIET NAM
| | - Dang-Thao-Nguyen Phan
- School of Graduate, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Can Tho, 94000, VIET NAM
| | - Thi-Anh-Dao Nguyen
- Faculty of Fundamental Science, Mien Tay Construction University, 20B Pho Co Dieu Street, Ward 3, Vinh Long City, Vietnam, Vinh Long, 85000, VIET NAM
| | - Van-Truong Tran
- Institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Tower 23 - 4th floor - Corridor 22-23, Sorbonne Université, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris - France, Paris, 75005, FRANCE
| | - Thanh-Tra Vu
- Department of Physics, School of Education, Can Tho University, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Can Tho, 94000, VIET NAM
| | - Thi-Kim-Loan Phan
- Department of Physics, School of Education, Can Tho University, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Can Tho, 94000, VIET NAM
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9
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Mishra S, Wanare H. Hierarchical decision model for in vitro bilirubin content prediction from absorption spectrum of whole blood. J Biomed Opt 2023; 28:067001. [PMID: 37396686 PMCID: PMC10308996 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.6.067001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Significance Bilirubin forms by the breakdown of heme proteins in the liver, but a newborn's sluggish liver can lead to elevated serum bilirubin levels that cross the blood-brain barrier and result in kernicterus. Earlier studies have used the 400 to 500 nm optical wavelength range to characterize the bilirubin content. There is not a universally established correlation among other wavelengths and the amount of bilirubin in clinical whole blood samples. Aim We demonstrated that the amount of bilirubin could be quantified with ∼82% accuracy in a label-free, self-referenced manner using only a few wavelengths, viz. 468, 492, 500, 560, 605, 645, 660, and 675 nm, wherein band-averaged absorption measurements are used. Approach We addressed the above problem by conducting a preliminary study containing 50 neonates through an absorption spectrum measurement of whole blood in 3 to 5 μl samples from the neonates. We constructed a hierarchical decision method that first grossly divides the 30 neonates of the training set into <10 mg/dl and ≥10 mg/dl bilirubin level cohorts. A subsequent boundary condition further divides the ≥10 mg/dl group into two >15 mg/dl and ≤15 mg/dl bilirubin level cohorts. A finer measure later predicted the bilirubin content of each of these groups as low (<10 mg/dl), medium (10 to 15 mg/dl), and high (>15 mg/dl). Results Using this hierarchical decision model statistical approach, we quantified the amount of bilirubin in the 20 testing set samples with 82% accuracy. Conclusions We formulated a biostatistical model in which we automated the spectrometric determination of total bilirubin in the whole blood for patients of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Mishra
- Indian Institute of Technology, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harshawardhan Wanare
- Indian Institute of Technology, Centre of Lasers and Photonics, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Indian Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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10
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Hanba YT, Nishida K, Tsutsui Y, Matsumoto M, Yasui Y, Sizhe Y, Matsuura T, Kawaguchi Akitsu T, Kume A. Leaf optical properties and photosynthesis of fern species with a wide range of divergence time in relation to mesophyll anatomy. Ann Bot 2023; 131:437-450. [PMID: 36749684 PMCID: PMC10072100 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS For a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of changing plant photosynthetic capacity during plant evolutionary history, knowledge of leaf gas exchange and optical properties are essential, both of which relate strongly to mesophyll anatomy. Although ferns are suitable for investigating the evolutionary history of photosynthetic capacity, comprehensive research of fern species has yet to be undertaken in this regard. METHODS We investigated leaf optical properties, gas exchange and mesophyll anatomy of fern species with a wide range of divergence time, using 66 ferns from natural habitats and eight glasshouse-grown ferns. We used a spectroradiometer and an integrating sphere to measure light absorptance and reflectance by the leaves. KEY RESULTS The more newly divergent fern species had a thicker mesophyll, a larger surface area of chloroplasts facing the intercellular airspaces (Sc), thicker cell walls and large light absorptance. Although no trend with divergence time was obtained in leaf photosynthetic capacity on a leaf-area basis, when the traits were expressed on a mesophyll-thickness basis, trends in leaf photosynthetic capacity became apparent. On a mesophyll-thickness basis, the more newly divergent species had a low maximum photosynthesis rate, accompanied by a low Sc. CONCLUSIONS We found a strong link between light capture, mesophyll anatomy and photosynthesis rate in fern species for the first time. The thick mesophyll of the more newly divergent ferns does not necessarily relate to the high photosynthetic capacity on a leaf-area basis. Rather, the thick mesophyll accompanied by thick cell walls allowed the ferns to adapt to a wider range of environments through increasing leaf toughness, which would contribute to the diversification of fern species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko T Hanba
- Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nishida
- Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yuuri Tsutsui
- Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Mayu Matsumoto
- Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yutarou Yasui
- Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yang Sizhe
- Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Takumi Matsuura
- Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawaguchi Akitsu
- Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-8505, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kume
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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11
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Gelabert R, Moreno M, Lluch JM. Predicting the Electronic Absorption Band Shape of Azobenzene Photoswitches. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24. [PMID: 36613468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simulations based on molecular dynamics coupled to excitation energy calculations were used to generate simulated absorption spectra for a family of halide derivatives of azobenzene, a family of photoswitch molecules with a weak absorption band around 400-600 nm and potential uses in living tissue. This is a case where using the conventional approach in theoretical spectroscopy (estimation of absorption maxima based on the vertical transition from the potential energy minimum on the ground electronic state) does not provide valid results that explain how the observed band shape extends towards the low energy region of the spectrum. The method affords a reasonable description of the main features of the low-energy UV-Vis spectra of these compounds. A bathochromic trend was detected linked to the size of the halide atom. Analysis of the excitation reveals a correlation between the energy of the molecular orbital where excitation starts and the energy of the highest occupied atomic orbital of the free halide atom. This was put to the test with a new brominated compound with good results. The energy level of the highest occupied orbital on the free halide was identified as a key factor that strongly affects the energy gap in the photoswitch. This opens the way for the design of bathochromically shifted variants of the photoswitch with possible applications.
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12
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Ma C, Liu K, Ma C, Liu Y, Xu Y, Yu S. Absorption enhancement in visible range from Fano resonant silicon nanoparticle arrays embedded in single crystal Mg:Er:LiNbO 3synthesized by direct ion implantation. Nanotechnology 2022; 33:375201. [PMID: 35654003 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac7579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fano resonant Si nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized in single-crystal Mg:Er:LiNbO3using ion implantation and subsequent thermal annealing. The structural and optical properties of the Si NPs embedded in the crystal have been investigated. Spherical particles with radius of about 60 nm are observed by cross-sectional transmission electron microscope, while ion beam analysis are used to characterize the NPs formation process. The absorption of the Mg:Er:LiNbO3crystals have been enhanced significantly due to the embedded Si NPs, which are induced by the Fano resonance effect in the visible light wavelength band. Periodic structures of spherical Si particles model is proposed and analyzed using the Mie theory to study the optical response features and local fields. As a result, numerical simulations demonstrate that periodicities of the array of Si NPs can yield narrow resonant peaks connected with multiple light scattering by the NPs and displaying a Fano-type resonant profile. The wavelengths of the absorption peak show clear red shift with increasing the radius of NPs and the peak intensity can be enhanced by decreasing the array period. This work opens an avenue to modulate the optical filed by embedding Fano resonant Si NPs for potential application in optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changdong Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaijing Liu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266200, People's Republic of China
| | - Changsheng Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Liu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266200, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhang Xu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266200, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Yu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
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13
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Zhang L, Cui Z. Theoretical Study on Electronic, Magnetic and Optical Properties of Non-Metal Atoms Adsorbed onto Germanium Carbide. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:nano12101712. [PMID: 35630933 PMCID: PMC9147664 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Nine kinds of non-metal atoms adsorbed into germanium carbide (NM-GeC) systems wereare investigated by first-principles calculations. The results show that the most stable adsorption positions vary with the NM atoms, and C-GeC exhibits the strongest adsorption. The adsorption of NM atoms causes changes in the electronic, optical and magnetic properties of the GeC system. F- and Cl-GeC turn into magnetic metals, P-GeC becomes a half-metal and H- and B-GeC appear as non-magnetic metals. Although C- and O-GeC remain non-magnetic semiconductors, N-GeC presents the behaviors of a magnetic semiconductor. Work function decreases in H-, B- and N-SiC, reaching a minimum of 3.37 eV in H-GeC, which is 78.9% of the pristine GeC. In the visible light region, redshifts occur in the absorption spectrum of C-GeC , with strong absorption in the wavelength range from 400 to 600 nm. Our analysis shows that the magnetism in semiconducting NM-GeC is attributed to the spinning state of the unbonded electrons of the NM atoms. Our study demonstrates the applications of NM-GeC in spintronics, optoelectronics and photovoltaic cells, and it provides a reference for analyzing magnetism in semiconducting NM materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- School of Science, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China;
| | - Zhen Cui
- School of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
- Correspondence:
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14
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Yücel MB, Kasapoglu E, Duque CA. Effects of Intense Laser Field on Electronic and Optical Properties of Harmonic and Variable Degree Anharmonic Oscillators. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:1620. [PMID: 35630842 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we calculated the electronic and optical properties of the harmonic oscillator and single and double anharmonic oscillators, including higher-order anharmonic terms such as the quartic and sextic under the non-resonant intense laser field. Calculations are made within the effective mass and parabolic band approximations. We have used the diagonalization method by choosing a wave function based on the trigonometric orthonormal functions to find eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the electron confined within the harmonic and anharmonic oscillator potentials under the non-resonant intense laser field. A two-level approach in the density matrix expansion is used to calculate the linear and third-order nonlinear optical absorption coefficients. Our results show that the electronic and optical properties of the structures we focus on can be adjusted to obtain a suitable response to specific studies or aims by changing the structural parameters such as width, depth, coupling between the wells, and applied field intensity.
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15
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Gálvez END, Aguilera J, Fonda-Pascual P, de Gálvez MV, de Andrés-Díaz JR, Vidal-Asensi S, Herrera-Acosta E, Gago-Calderon A. Analysis and evaluation of the operational characteristics of a new photodynamic therapy device. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 37:102719. [PMID: 35021108 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
One of the key aspects of photodynamic therapy is the light source that is used to irradiate the lesion to be treated. The devices used must ensure that their emission spectrum matches the absorption spectrum of the photosensitizer, so that treatment radiation is delivered only on the injured area, without irradiating healthy tissue at superficial or deep levels. Irradiance values must be adequate in order to avoid thermal damage, exceed the oxygen replenishment rate and avoid long treatment times. Furthermore, the device should be user-friendly, inexpensive, and able to be adapted to different photosensitizers. We have developed an easy-to-use and highly customizable device based on LED technology. Its innovative geometric design allows radiation to be delivered to a small treatment surface, since the LEDs are arranged in three arms, the configuration of which directs their radiation on the treatment point. Different high-power color LEDs are disposed on the arms, and can be independently selected based on the most effective wavelengths for exciting the different photodynamic therapy photosensitizers. We have tested the prototype in 5 different patients (1 actinic keratose, 1 actinic cheilitis, 1 superficial basal cell carcinoma and 2 Bowen's disease) and after 1-2 sessions of total cumulative dose of 25-50 J / cm2, 100% clearance of lesions were obtained. Our device can be used by any professional in the field, whether for medical or research purposes. It facilitates the development of treatment protocols and trials with different photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Navarrete-de Gálvez
- Project Engineering Area, Department of Graphic Expression Design and Projects, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Aguilera
- Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory Medical Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
| | | | - María Victoria de Gálvez
- Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory Medical Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Ramón de Andrés-Díaz
- Project Engineering Area, Department of Graphic Expression Design and Projects, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Herrera-Acosta
- Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory Medical Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Dermatology Service, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alfonso Gago-Calderon
- Project Engineering Area, Department of Graphic Expression Design and Projects, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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16
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Fu X, Wu Q, Wang J, Chen Y, Zhu G, Zhu Z. Spectral Characteristic, Storage Stability and Antioxidant Properties of Anthocyanin Extracts from Flowers of Butterfly Pea ( Clitoria ternatea L.). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26227000. [PMID: 34834097 PMCID: PMC8622631 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26227000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins from flowers of the butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) are promising edible blue food colorants. Food processing often faces extreme pHs and temperatures, which greatly affects the color and nutritional values of anthocyanins. This study explored the color, spectra, storage stability, and antioxidant properties of C. ternatea anthocyanin extract (CTAE) at different pHs. The color and absorption spectra of CTAEs at a pH of 0.5–13 were shown, with their underlying structures analyzed. Then, the storage stability of CTAEs were explored under a combination of pHs and temperatures. The stability of CTAE declines with the increase in temperature, and it can be stored stably for months at 4 °C. CTAEs also bear much resistance to acidic and alkaline conditions but exhibit higher thermal stability at pH 7 (blue) than at pH 0.5 (magenta) or pH 10 (blue-green), which is a great advantage in food making. Antioxidant abilities for flower extracts from the butterfly pea were high at pH 4–7, as assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging assays, and decreased sharply when the pH value exceeded 7. The above results provide a theoretical basis for the application of butterfly pea flowers and imply their great prospect in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Fu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.F.); (Q.W.); (Y.C.); (G.Z.)
| | - Qiang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.F.); (Q.W.); (Y.C.); (G.Z.)
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Biology of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants of Hainan Province, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Yanli Chen
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.F.); (Q.W.); (Y.C.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guopeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.F.); (Q.W.); (Y.C.); (G.Z.)
| | - Zhixin Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.F.); (Q.W.); (Y.C.); (G.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Shen C, Jin X, Glover WJ, He X. Accurate Prediction of Absorption Spectral Shifts of Proteorhodopsin Using a Fragment-Based Quantum Mechanical Method. Molecules 2021; 26:4486. [PMID: 34361639 PMCID: PMC8347797 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many experiments have been carried out to display different colors of Proteorhodopsin (PR) and its mutants, but the mechanism of color tuning of PR was not fully elucidated. In this study, we applied the Electrostatically Embedded Generalized Molecular Fractionation with Conjugate Caps (EE-GMFCC) method to the prediction of excitation energies of PRs. Excitation energies of 10 variants of Blue Proteorhodopsin (BPR-PR105Q) in residue 105GLN were calculated with the EE-GMFCC method at the TD-B3LYP/6-31G* level. The calculated results show good correlation with the experimental values of absorption wavelengths, although the experimental wavelength range among these systems is less than 50 nm. The ensemble-averaged electric fields along the polyene chain of retinal correlated well with EE-GMFCC calculated excitation energies for these 10 PRs, suggesting that electrostatic interactions from nearby residues are responsible for the color tuning. We also utilized the GMFCC method to decompose the excitation energy contribution per residue surrounding the chromophore. Our results show that residues ASP97 and ASP227 have the largest contribution to the absorption spectral shift of PR among the nearby residues of retinal. This work demonstrates that the EE-GMFCC method can be applied to accurately predict the absorption spectral shifts for biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Shen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (C.S.); (X.J.)
| | - Xinsheng Jin
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (C.S.); (X.J.)
| | - William J. Glover
- NYU Shanghai, 1555 Century Avenue, Shanghai 200122, China;
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Xiao He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (C.S.); (X.J.)
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
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18
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Liu Z, Lu T, Yuan A, Wang X, Chen Q, Yan X. Remarkable Size Effect on Photophysical and Nonlinear Optical Properties of All-Carboatomic Rings, Cyclo[18]carbon and Its Analogues. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2267-2271. [PMID: 34180155 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by recent experimental observation of molecular morphology and theoretical predictions of multiple properties of cyclo[18]carbon, we systematically studied the photophysical and nonlinear optical properties of cyclo[2N]carbons (N=3-15) allotropes through density functional theory. This work unveils the unusual optical properties of the sp-hybridized carbon rings with different sizes. The remarkable size dependence of the optical properties of these systems and their underlying nature are profoundly explored, and the relevance between aromaticity and optical properties are highlighted. The extrapolation curves fitted for energy level of frontier molecular orbitals, maximum absorption wavelength, and (hyper)polarizability of considered carbon rings are presented, which can be used to reliably predict corresponding properties for arbitrarily large carbon rings. The findings in this study will facilitate the exploration of potential application of cyclocarbons in the field of optical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, P. R. China
| | - Tian Lu
- Beijing Kein Research Center for Natural Sciences, Beijing, 100022, P. R. China
| | - Aihua Yuan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, P. R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, P. R. China
| | - Qinxue Chen
- Beijing Kein Research Center for Natural Sciences, Beijing, 100022, P. R. China
| | - Xiufen Yan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, P. R. China
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19
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Rybczynski P, Smolarkiewicz-Wyczachowski A, Piskorz J, Bocian S, Ziegler-Borowska M, Kędziera D, Kaczmarek-Kędziera A. Photochemical Properties and Stability of BODIPY Dyes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6735. [PMID: 34201648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study is devoted to the combined experimental and theoretical description
of the photophysical properties and photodegradation of the new boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY)
derivatives obtained recently for biomedical applications, such as bacteria photoinactivation
(Piskorz et al., Dyes and Pigments 2020, 178, 108322). Absorption and emission spectra for a wide
group of solvents of different properties for the analyzed BODIPY derivatives were investigated
in order to verify their suitability for photopharmacological applications. Additionally, the photostability
of the analyzed systems were thoroughly determined. The exposition to the UV light was
found first to cause the decrease in the most intensive absorption band and the appearance of the
hypsochromically shifted band of similar intensity. On the basis of the chromatographic and computational
study, this effect was assigned to the detachment of the iodine atoms from the BODIPY core.
After longer exposition to UV light, photodegradation occurred, leading to the disappearance of the
intensive absorption bands and the emergence of small intensity signals in the strongly blue-shifted
range of the spectrum. Since the most intensive bands in original dyes are ascribed to the molecular
core bearing the BF2 moiety, this result can be attributed to the significant cleavage of the BF2 ring. In
order to fully characterize the obtained molecules, the comprehensive computational chemistry study
was performed. The influence of the intermolecular interactions for their absorption in solution was
analyzed. The theoretical data entirely support the experimental outcomes.
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20
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Skoko S, Ambrosetti M, Giovannini T, Cappelli C. Simulating Absorption Spectra of Flavonoids in Aqueous Solution: A Polarizable QM/MM Study. Molecules 2020; 25:E5853. [PMID: 33322361 PMCID: PMC7764712 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a detailed computational study of the UV/Vis spectra of four relevant flavonoids in aqueous solution, namely luteolin, kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin. The absorption spectra are simulated by exploiting a fully polarizable quantum mechanical (QM)/molecular mechanics (MM) model, based on the fluctuating charge (FQ) force field. Such a model is coupled with configurational sampling obtained by performing classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The calculated QM/FQ spectra are compared with the experiments. We show that an accurate reproduction of the UV/Vis spectra of the selected flavonoids can be obtained by appropriately taking into account the role of configurational sampling, polarization, and hydrogen bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulejman Skoko
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (S.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Matteo Ambrosetti
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (S.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (S.S.); (M.A.)
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21
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Park E, Lee YJ, Lee C, Eom TJ. Effective photoacoustic absorption spectrum for collagen-based tissue imaging. J Biomed Opt 2020; 25:1-8. [PMID: 32406216 PMCID: PMC7219632 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.5.056002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Collagen is a basic component of many tissues such as tendons, muscles, and skin, and its imaging helps diagnose and monitor treatments in a variety of fields, including orthopedics. However, due to the overlapping peaks of the absorption spectrum with water in the short-wave infrared region (SWIR), it is difficult to select an optimal wavelength and obtain the photoacoustic (PA) image for collagen-based tissues. Therefore, an additional approach to selecting the proper wavelength is needed. AIM The aim of this study is to derive an effective PA absorption spectrum of collagen to select the optimal wavelength for high-sensitive PA imaging (PAI). APPROACH We measure the absorption spectrum by acquiring the PA signal from various collagen-based samples. To derive an effective PA absorption spectrum in the SWIR band, the following two parameters should be considered: (1) the laser excitation for generating the PA signal and (2) the absorption spectrum for water in the SWIR band. This molecular intrinsic property suggests the optimal wavelength for high-sensitive PAI of collagen-based samples. RESULTS PA absorption spectral peaks of collagen were found at wavelengths of 1200, 1550, and 1700 nm. Thereby, the PA signal increased by up to five times compared with the wavelength commonly used in collagen PAI. We applied a pulsed fiber laser with a center wavelength of 1560 nm, and the three-dimensional PA image of a collagen patch was obtained. CONCLUSIONS The effective PA absorption spectrum contributes to the improvement of the PA image sensitivity by presenting the optimal wavelength of the target samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunwoo Park
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jae Lee
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Changho Lee
- Chonnam National University, Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
- Address all correspondence to Changho Lee, E-mail: ; Tae Joong Eom, E-mail:
| | - Tae Joong Eom
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Address all correspondence to Changho Lee, E-mail: ; Tae Joong Eom, E-mail:
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22
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Chen X, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Lu M, Li Y, Wei H. Segment-Resolved Gas Concentration Measurements by a Time Domain Multiplexed Dual Comb Method. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E1566. [PMID: 32168966 PMCID: PMC7146138 DOI: 10.3390/s20061566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Locating gas concentration changes in widespread locations can be conducive to environmental atmospheric detection, gas emissions monitoring, production process control, etc. A time domain multiplexed dual-comb system for segment-resolved gas concentration measurement is reported in this work. Both absorption spectra and path lengths for multiple path-segments in a target path can be derived from the time domain separated interferograms and then the equivalent gas concentrations in each segment can be retrieved separately. A benchtop experiment aiming at a target path with three path-segments of different gases has been demonstrated. The relative deviation of gas concentration retrieval is 1.08% in 1 s. Besides, additional numerical simulations prove that the crosstalk between the interference signals affects the spectrum analysis by no more than 0.1% for a kilometer-long atmospheric absorption detection. Therefore, achieving a gridded measurement of regional gas concentration in the open air can be foreseen using this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology & Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.C.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Weipeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology & Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.C.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Yujia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology & Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.C.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Minjian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology & Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.C.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology & Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.C.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Haoyun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology & Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.C.); (W.Z.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (Y.L.)
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23
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Quistián-Vázquez B, Morales-Cruzado B, Sarmiento-Gómez E, Pérez-Gutiérrez FG. Retrieval of Absorption or Scattering Coefficient Spectrum (RASCS) Program: A Tool to Monitor Optical Properties in Real Time. Lasers Surg Med 2019; 52:552-559. [PMID: 31571262 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Optical properties characterize light propagation in turbid media, such as tissue. Recovery of optical properties is of great importance in a wide variety of biomedical applications, including both therapeutic treatments and diagnosis. Most of the available methodologies are well established, however, these are not optimized for real-time measurements. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Optical properties are recovered using the Inverse Adding Doubling program from reflectance measurements measured with an integrating sphere and light in the visible range. A user-friendly interface was programmed in Visual Studio and the libraries of a particular spectrophotometer were used. To achieve real-time measurements, a parallel computing routine was implemented, splitting the whole spectra in threads to be computed independently. Several tests using living tissue and inorganic materials were carried out to validate the proposed algorithm. RESULTS Recovery of absorption/scattering coefficient spectrum in the visible range with high precision in a couple of seconds was achieved, demonstrating its capabilities for real-time monitoring in biomedical applications. The absorption coefficient spectrum shows the expected characteristics according to the different melanin and blood concentration of various volunteers, also showing the expected changes during a thermoregulation process. CONCLUSIONS A real-time monitoring of optical properties algorithm was developed, including parallel computing and a user-friendly interface. The proposed algorithm would be of help in biomedical applications, where real-time monitoring optical properties is required. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Quistián-Vázquez
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava No. 8, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. 78290, México
| | - Beatriz Morales-Cruzado
- CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava No. 8, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. 78290, México
| | - Erick Sarmiento-Gómez
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava No. 8, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. 78290, México.,Departamento de Ingeniería Física, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, 37150, León, Guanajuato, México
| | - Francisco G Pérez-Gutiérrez
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava No. 8, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P. 78290, México
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Abstract
The interactions of electromagnetic radiation with ice, and with ice-containing media such as snow and clouds, are determined by the refractive index and absorption coefficient (the 'optical constants') of pure ice as functions of wavelength. Bulk reflectance, absorptance and transmittance are further influenced by grain size (for snow), bubbles (for glacier ice and lake ice) and brine inclusions (for sea ice). Radiative transfer models for clouds can also be applied to snow; the important differences in their radiative properties are that clouds are optically thinner and contain smaller ice crystals than snow. Absorption of visible and near-ultraviolet radiation by ice is so weak that absorption of sunlight at these wavelengths in natural snow is dominated by trace amounts of light-absorbing impurities such as dust and soot. In the thermal infrared, ice is moderately absorptive, so snow is nearly a blackbody, with emissivity 98-99%. The absorption spectrum of liquid water resembles that of ice from the ultraviolet to the mid-infrared. At longer wavelengths they diverge, so microwave emission can be used to detect snowmelt on ice sheets, and to discriminate between sea ice and open water, by remote sensing. Snow and ice are transparent to radio waves, so radar can be used to infer ice-sheet thickness. This article is part of the theme issue 'The physics and chemistry of ice: scaffolding across scales, from the viability of life to the formation of planets'.
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Hamada R, Ogawa E, Arai T. Continuous Optical Monitoring of Red Blood Cells During a Photosensitization Reaction. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2019; 37:110-116. [PMID: 31050934 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2018.4513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: An oxygen-enriched photosensitizer solution was created by the addition of red blood cells (RBCs) as an investigative tool for photosensitization reactions (PRs). Although the oxygen levels and reaction progress can be monitored using the optical characteristics of hemoglobin, previously this has only been done using intermittent measurements. An increase in methemoglobin concentration with irradiation time was reported. Objective: We constructed a continuous optical measurement system to study the dynamics of the PR in a photosensitizer solution containing RBCs. We also measured the relationship between hemolysis and methemoglobin production in the solution. Materials and methods: A 664 nm wavelength continuous laser beam at 60 mW/cm2 was used to drive the PR, and a broadband (475-650 nm) light beam was used to monitor the absorption spectra during the PR. The light sources were arranged perpendicularly to cross at a 1 × 10 mm cuvette. The sample in this cuvette was prepared from a low-hematocrit rabbit RBC suspension medium containing 30 μg/mL talaporfin sodium, a chlorine photosensitizer. The concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, and methemoglobin were obtained using a multiple regression analysis of the measured spectra. Results: The oxygen saturation decreased continuously during the PR. The relationship between the degree of hemolysis and produced methemoglobin concentration was confirmed. Conclusions: We determined the dynamics of the oxidation and oxygen desorption of hemoglobin, as well as RBC hemolysis, during the PR. Our measurement system, which uses the properties of hemoglobin contained in RBCs, might be useful for continuous monitoring of PR dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Hamada
- 1 School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Emiyu Ogawa
- 2 School of Allied Health Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Tsunenori Arai
- 3 Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Infomatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
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26
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Lu XX, Li Q, Jin ZJ, Peng WJ, Fang JJ, Huang BH, Song A. [Water Chemistry and Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Carbon During the Wet Season in Wulixia Reservoir, SW China]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2019; 39:2075-2085. [PMID: 29965507 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201708032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, scientists have focused on the karst carbon cycle. To better understand the hydrochemical characteristics and the physical-chemical properties of DOC in the wet season in karst areas, the water chemistry and DOC distribution characteristics in Wulixia reservoir were analyzed. The molecular weight of the water organic matter was analyzed based on the UV absorption spectrum. The results showed that the water chemistry of Wulixia reservoir was HCO3-Ca ·Mg, the nutrient status of the water body was of the medium nutrient type, and the water maintained a good quality. The DOC mass concentration was lower in the wet season than in the dry season, and DOC was the main component of TOC. The DOC mass concentration tended to decrease from the surface to the bottom in a vertical direction. Chl-a and DIC were the main factors affecting the DOC vertical distribution. The organic matter in the reservoir area related to the absorption spectrum parameters of S275~295, M, SUVA254, and E253/E203 showed that the water was dominated by constituents with small molecular weight, a high proportion of fulvic acid, low proportion of humic acid, and weak aroma. The results showed that the organic matter in the reservoir area was readily consumed by microbial bioactivity and that it played an active role in the carbon cycle of the reservoir. It also showed that the DOC endogenous characteristics of the reservoir were strong and provided a sufficient carbon source for heterotrophic microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.,International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhen-Jiang Jin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Wen-Jie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.,College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Jun-Jia Fang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bing-Hui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China.,College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Ang Song
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
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27
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Ma Z, Ren F, Ming X, Long Y, Volinsky AA. Cu-Doped ZnO Electronic Structure and Optical Properties Studied by First-Principles Calculations and Experiments. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12010196. [PMID: 30626170 PMCID: PMC6337601 DOI: 10.3390/ma12010196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The band structure, the density of states and optical absorption properties of Cu-doped ZnO were studied by the first-principles generalized gradient approximation plane-wave pseudopotential method based on density functional theory. For the Zn1-xCuxO (x = 0, x = 0.0278, x = 0.0417) original structure, geometric optimization and energy calculations were performed and compared with experimental results. With increasing Cu concentration, the band gap of the Zn1-xCuxO decreased due to the shift of the conduction band. Since the impurity level was introduced after Cu doping, the conduction band was moved downwards. Additionally, it was shown that the insertion of a Cu atom leads to a red shift of the optical absorption edge, which was consistent with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhong Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Non-Ferrous Generic Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
| | - Fengzhang Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
| | - Xiaoli Ming
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
| | - Yongqiang Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
| | - Alex A Volinsky
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
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28
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Landari H, Roudjane M, Messaddeq Y, Miled A. Pseudo-Continuous Flow FTIR System for Glucose, Fructose and Sucrose Identification in Mid-IR Range. Micromachines (Basel) 2018; 9:mi9100517. [PMID: 30424450 PMCID: PMC6215248 DOI: 10.3390/mi9100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a new FTIR-based microfluidic system for Glucose, Fructose and Sucrose detection. The proposed microfluidic system is based on a pseudo-continuous flow coupled to a microscope-FTIR instrument. The detection and characterization of sugar samples were performed by recording their absorption spectrum in the wavelength range 700–1000 cm−1 of the Mid-IR region. The proposed pseudo-continuous flow system is designed to improve the uniformity of the sample distribution in the analyzed area versus conventional systems. The obtained results for different sugars concentrations, show a very low measurement error of 4.35% in the absorption peak intensity, which is ten times lower than the error obtained using the conventional measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Landari
- LABioTRON Bioengineering Research Laboratory, ECE Department, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Research Centre for Advanced Materials (CERMA), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Department of Physics, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Mourad Roudjane
- Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Department of Physics, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Younès Messaddeq
- Center for Optics, Photonics and Lasers (COPL), Department of Physics, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Amine Miled
- LABioTRON Bioengineering Research Laboratory, ECE Department, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Research Centre for Advanced Materials (CERMA), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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29
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Miyazaki T, Kondrashev SL, Kasagi S, Mizusawa K, Takahashi A. Sequence and localization of an ultraviolet (sws1) opsin in the retina of the Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus (Teleostei: Clupeiformes). J Fish Biol 2017; 90:954-967. [PMID: 27861878 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A full-length complementary (c)DNA encoding ultraviolet (UV)-sensitive opsin (sws1) was isolated from the retina of the Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus. The sws1 phylogenetic tree showed a sister group relationship with the Cypriniformes, following the ray-finned fish phylogeny. By expressing reconstituted opsin in vitro, it was determined that the maximum absorbance spectrum (λmax ) of sws1 is around 382 nm, being intermediate in position between two subtypes of sws1 pigment that are UV sensitive (λmax = 355-380 nm) and violet sensitive (λmax = 388-455 nm), which have been reported to date. The ocular media transmitted >20% transmittance of light in the range of 360-600 nm. In situ hybridization analyses revealed that sws1 messenger (m)RNA is localized in a central single cone surrounded by four double cones in a square mosaic. The square mosaic occupies the ventro-temporal quadrant of the retina and the in situ hybridization signals were dominant in this area suggesting that the fish may use UV vision when looking upward. Based on these results, considerable significances of potential UV sensitivity, in relation to characteristic habits of S. melanostictus, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Miyazaki
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Kurimamachiya 1577, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - S L Kondrashev
- A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - S Kasagi
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - K Mizusawa
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - A Takahashi
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Kitasato 1-15-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
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30
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Jiang T, Lu S, Wang QL, Bai WY, Zhang C, Wang DY, Liang J. [Absorption Spectral Characteristic Dynamics of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) from a Typical Reservoir Lake in Inland of Three Gorges Reservoir Areas: Implications for Hg Species in Waters]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2016; 37:2073-2081. [PMID: 29964872 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important component in lake eco-systems. It plays a crucial role in the environmental fate of pollutants such as mercury(Hg), because of its specific characteristics and functional structures. In this study, a typical reservoir lake from inland of Three Gorges Reservoir areas, Changshou Lake was selected to track the changes of DOM geochemical properties for one year by using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy technique. Meanwhile, based on observed Hg data in Changshou Lake, it further validated the key environmental implications of DOM for Hg distributions in lake. The results showed that as compared to January, other months including April, June and September had significantly higher CDOM, but also higher DOC with a slightly decreasing significance. Dynamics of chromphoric component is an important reason to explain the seasonal changes of DOM concentration in Changshou Lake. Chromphores of DOM were mainly derived from high molecular weight (MW) materials with high aromaticity. Also, three wavelengths fitting model of CDOM could be used for inversion of DOC concentration in annual monitoring. Meanwhile, seasonal differences of SUVA254 and <i>S</i>275-295 were significant. Lowest aromaticity and MW size were observed in January following an obvious increase from April. In contrast to other types of lakes, DOM aromaticity and MW size in Changshou Lake were lower than forest lakes, but higher than plateau lakes. Eco-system and land use types surrounding lakes could have a heavily impact on the heterogeneous properties of DOM. Importantly, no clear differences between concentrations of Hg species and SUVA254 and DOC respectively were observed, however chromphoric component and MW size controlled the dissolved Hg and reactive Hg in lake. Additionally, enrichment and migration of organic matter resulted from primary productivity in lake may be a substantial reason to explain the methylmercury changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.,Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå SE-90183, Sweden
| | - Song Lu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qi-Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Wei-Yang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Ding-Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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31
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Ge H, Jiang Y, Lian F, Zhang Y, Xia S. Characterization of wheat varieties using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Sensors (Basel) 2015; 15:12560-72. [PMID: 26024421 PMCID: PMC4507591 DOI: 10.3390/s150612560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis were explored to discriminate eight wheat varieties. The absorption spectra were measured using THz time-domain spectroscopy from 0.2 to 2.0 THz. Using partial least squares (PLS), a regression model for discriminating wheat varieties was developed. The coefficient of correlation in cross validation (R) and root-mean-square error of cross validation (RMSECV) were 0.985 and 1.162, respectively. In addition, interval PLS was applied to optimize the models by selecting the most appropriate regions in the spectra, improving the prediction accuracy (R = 0.992 and RMSECV = 0.967). Results demonstrate that THz spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis can provide rapid, nondestructive discrimination of wheat varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
| | - Yuying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
| | - Feiyu Lian
- Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing & Control, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing & Control, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Shanhong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
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32
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Whitehill AR, Xie C, Hu X, Xie D, Guo H, Ono S. Vibronic origin of sulfur mass-independent isotope effect in photoexcitation of SO2 and the implications to the early earth's atmosphere. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:17697-702. [PMID: 23836655 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1306979110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Signatures of mass-independent isotope fractionation (MIF) are found in the oxygen ((16)O,(17)O,(18)O) and sulfur ((32)S, (33)S, (34)S, (36)S) isotope systems and serve as important tracers of past and present atmospheric processes. These unique isotope signatures signify the breakdown of the traditional theory of isotope fractionation, but the physical chemistry of these isotope effects remains poorly understood. We report the production of large sulfur isotope MIF, with Δ(33)S up to 78‰ and Δ(36)S up to 110‰, from the broadband excitation of SO2 in the 250-350-nm absorption region. Acetylene is used to selectively trap the triplet-state SO2 ( (3)B1), which results from intersystem crossing from the excited singlet ( (1)A2/ (1)B1) states. The observed MIF signature differs considerably from that predicted by isotopologue-specific absorption cross-sections of SO2 and is insensitive to the wavelength region of excitation (above or below 300 nm), suggesting that the MIF originates not from the initial excitation of SO2 to the singlet states but from an isotope selective spin-orbit interaction between the singlet ( (1)A2/ (1)B1) and triplet ( (3)B1) manifolds. Calculations based on high-level potential energy surfaces of the multiple excited states show a considerable lifetime anomaly for (33)SO2 and (36)SO2 for the low vibrational levels of the (1)A2 state. These results demonstrate that the isotope selectivity of accidental near-resonance interactions between states is of critical importance in understanding the origin of MIF in photochemical systems.
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33
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Baldenebro-López J, Castorena-González J, Flores-Holguín N, Almaral-Sánchez J, Glossman-Mitnik D. Density functional theory (DFT) study of triphenylamine-based dyes for their use as sensitizers in molecular photovoltaics. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:4418-32. [PMID: 22605987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13044418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we studied three dyes which are proposed for potential photovoltaic applications and named Dye7, Dye7-2t and Dye7-3t. The Density Functional Theory (DFT) was utilized, using the M05-2X hybrid meta-GGA functional and the 6–31+G(d,p) basis set. This level of calculation was used to find the optimized molecular structure and to predict the main molecular vibrations, the absorption and emission spectra, the molecular orbitals energies, dipole moment, isotropic polarizability and the chemical reactivity parameters that arise from Conceptual DFT. Also, the pKa values were calculated with the semi-empirical PM6 method.
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34
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Eisenstein JC, Pryce MHL. Interpretation of the Solution Absorption Spectra of the (PuO 2) ++ and (NpO 2) + Ions. J Res Natl Bur Stand A Phys Chem 1966; 70A:165-173. [PMID: 31823986 PMCID: PMC6640566 DOI: 10.6028/jres.070a.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Eleven years ago we proposed a model for the electronic configuration of ions of the uranyl type. The solution absorption spectra of the (PuO2)++ and (NpO2)+ ions are here interpreted on the basis of this model. The interpretation is based on exact calculations, and on plausible arguments about the strengths and widths of the absorption peaks. If suitable values are chosen for the Coulomb integrals, the spin-orbit coupling constant, and the ligand field parameters then the calculated energy levels agree well with the observed positions of the absorption peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Eisenstein
- Institute for Basic Standards, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C
| | - M H L Pryce
- Physics Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
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