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Tran HQ, Ur Rehman A, Fioux P, Airoudj A, Vandamme T, Luchnikov V. Formation of a Controllable Diffusion Barrier Layer on the Surface of Polydimethylsiloxane Films by Infrared Laser Irradiation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:7983-7995. [PMID: 38290481 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Developing a diffusion barrier layer on material interfaces has potential applications in various fields such as in packaging materials, pharmaceuticals, chemical filtration, microelectronics, and medical devices. Although numerous physical and chemical methods have been proposed to generate the diffusion barrier layer, the complexity of fabrication techniques and the high manufacturing costs limit their practical utility. Here, we propose an innovative approach to fabricate the diffusion barrier layer by irradiating poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) with a mid-infrared (λ = 10.6 μm) CO2 laser. This process directly creates a diffusion barrier layer on the PDMS surface by forming a heavily cross-linked network in the polymer matrix. The optimal irradiation conditions were investigated by modulating the defocusing distance, laser power, and number of scanning passes. The barrier thickness can reach up to 70 μm as observed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The attenuated total reflectance (ATR), electron dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses collectively confirmed the formation of the SiOx structure on the modified surface based on the decreased methyl group signal and the increased oxygen/silicon ratio. The diffusion test with the model drugs (rhodamine B and donepezil) demonstrated that the modified surface exhibits effective diffusion barrier properties and the rate of drug diffusion through the modified barrier layer can be controlled by the optimization of the irradiation parameters. This novel approach provides the possibility to develop a controllable diffusion barrier layer in a biocompatible polymer with prospective applications in the fields of pharmaceuticals, packing materials, and medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Quoc Tran
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS LRC 7361, 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Asad Ur Rehman
- INSERM, Regenerative Nanomedicine UMR 1260, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Philippe Fioux
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS LRC 7361, 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Aissam Airoudj
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS LRC 7361, 68057 Mulhouse, France
| | - Thierry Vandamme
- INSERM, Regenerative Nanomedicine UMR 1260, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Valeriy Luchnikov
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS LRC 7361, 68057 Mulhouse, France
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Feng PH, Hsiao KY, Jhan DJ, Chen YL, Keng PY, Chang SY, Lu MY. Unleashing the Power of 2D MoS 2: In Situ TEM Study of Its Potential as Diffusion Barriers in Ru Interconnects. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:48543-48550. [PMID: 37792701 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the utilization of MoS2 as a diffusion barrier for metal interconnects, in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations are employed for comprehensive understanding. The diffusion-blocking ability of MoS2 is discussed by the diffusion and phase transformation between Ru and Si via TEM diffraction and imaging. When the sample is heated to a high temperature such that MoS2 loses the ability to block the diffusion, Si diffuses through the MoS2 into the Ru layer, leading to the formation of Ru2Si3. Both multilayer and monolayer (1L) MoS2 exhibit exceptional diffusion-blocking ability up to 800 °C. Furthermore, plasma-treated 1L-MoS2 shows a slightly low diffusion-blocking temperature of 750 °C, while the dangling bonds in MoS2 improve the interfacial adhesion. These findings suggest that MoS2 holds great potential as a diffusion barrier for metal interconnects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hsuan Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yuan Hsiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Dun-Jie Jhan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Pei Yuin Keng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Yi Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yen Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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3
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Zhang Y, Zhou X, Cheng H, Geng Z, Li W. Fabrication and Oxidation Resistance of a Novel MoSi 2-ZrB 2-Based Coating on Mo-Based Alloy. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5634. [PMID: 37629925 PMCID: PMC10456243 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the oxidation resistance of Mo-based TZM alloy (Mo-0.5Ti-0.1Zr-0.02C, wt%), a novel MoSi2-ZrB2 composite coating was applied on the TZM substrate by a two-step process comprising the in situ reaction of Mo, Zr, and B4C to form a ZrB2-MoB pre-layer followed by pack siliconizing. The as-packed coating was composed of a multi-layer structure, consisting of a MoB diffusion layer, an MoSi2-ZrB2 inner layer, and an outer layer of mixture of MoSi2 and Al2O3. The composite coating could provide excellent oxidation-resistant protection for the TZM alloy at 1600 °C. The oxidation kinetic curve of the composite coating followed the parabolic rule, and the weight gain of the coated sample after 20 h of oxidation at 1600 °C was only 5.24 mg/cm2. During oxidation, a dense and continuous SiO2-baed oxide scale embedded with ZrO2 and ZrSiO4 particles showing high thermal stability and low oxygen permeability could be formed on the surface of the coating by oxidation of MoSi2 and ZrB2, which could hinder the inward diffusion of oxygen at high temperatures. Concurrently, the MoB inner diffusion layer played an important role in hindering the diffusion of Si inward with regard to the TZM alloy and could retard the degradation of MoSi2, which could also improve the long life of the coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.G.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Huichao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zhanji Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.G.)
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.G.)
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Tachikawa H, Izumi Y, Iyama T, Abe S, Watanabe I. Aluminum-Doping Effects on the Electronic States of Graphene Nanoflake: Diffusion and Hydrogen Storage Mechanism. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2046. [PMID: 37513057 PMCID: PMC10384847 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanoflakes are widely utilized as high-performance molecular devices due to their chemical stability and light weight. In the present study, the interaction of aluminum species with graphene nanoflake (denoted as GR-Al) has been investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) method to elucidate the doping effects of Al metal on the electronic states of GR. The mechanisms of the diffusion of Al on GR surface and the hydrogen storage of GR-Al were also investigated in detail. The neutral, mono-, di-, and trivalent Al ions (expressed as Al, Al+, Al2+, and Al3+, respectively) were examined as the Al species. The DFT calculations showed that the charge transfer interaction between Al and GR plays an important role in the binding of Al species to GR. The diffusion path of Al on GR surface was determined: the barrier heights of Al diffusion were calculated to be 2.1-2.8 kcal mol-1, which are lower than Li+ on GR (7.2 kcal/mol). The possibility of using GR-Al for hydrogen storage was also discussed on the basis of the theoretical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Tachikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Izumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Iyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Abe
- Department of Dental and Biomedical Materials Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
| | - Ikuya Watanabe
- Department of Dental and Biomedical Materials Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan
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Kandhol N, Pandey S, Singh VP, Herrera-Estrella L, Bucio JL, Tran LSP, Tripathi DK. Bacterial community and root endodermis: a complementary relationship. Trends Plant Sci 2023; 28:749-751. [PMID: 37080834 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
There are feedforward and feedback loops along the microbiota-root-shoot axis to maintain plant growth or defense under environmental stresses. Here, we highlight a reciprocal interaction between the endodermis and the plant-bacterial community, which stabilizes the diffusion barriers to maintain nutrient homeostasis under nutritional stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Kandhol
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Laboratory, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Sangeeta Pandey
- Plant Microbe Interaction Laboratory, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211002, India
| | - Luis Herrera-Estrella
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Intituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato 36821, México; Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, TX 79409, USA
| | - José López Bucio
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo Vegetal, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, TX 79409, USA.
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Laboratory, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India.
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Xiao L, Xu J, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Deng G, Shen H, Li W, Zhao X, Cai Z. Orthogonal Experimental Optimization of Preparation and Microstructural Properties of a Diffusion Barrier for Tantalum-Based Silicide Coatings. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16114097. [PMID: 37297230 DOI: 10.3390/ma16114097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To solve the problem of silicide coatings on tantalum substrates failing due to elemental diffusion under high-temperature oxidation environments and to find diffusion barrier materials with excellent effects of impeding Si elemental spreading, TaB2 and TaC coatings were prepared on tantalum substrates by the encapsulation and infiltration methods, respectively. Through orthogonal experimental analysis of the raw material powder ratio and pack cementation temperature, the best experimental parameters for the preparation of TaB2 coatings were selected: powder ratio (NaF:B:Al2O3 = 2.5:1:96.5 (wt.%)) and pack cementation temperature (1050 °C). After diffusion treatment at 1200 °C for 2 h, the thickness change rate of the Si diffusion layer prepared using this process was 30.48%, which is lower than that of non-diffusion coating (36.39%). In addition, the physical and tissue morphological changes of TaC and TaB2 coatings after siliconizing treatment and thermal diffusion treatment were compared. The results prove that TaB2 is a more suitable candidate material for the diffusion barrier layer of silicide coatings on tantalum substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lairong Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yafang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Guanzhi Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hongtai Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhenyang Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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7
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Herzog S, Kaletsch A, Broeckmann C. Diffusion Barriers Minimizing the Strength Degradation of Reactive Air Brazed Ba 0.5Sr 0.5Co 0.8Fe 0.2O 3-δ Membranes during Aging. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:membranes13050504. [PMID: 37233565 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The separation of oxygen from air by means of inorganic ceramic membranes requires gas-tight ceramic-metal joints that enable reliable permeation operation in the oxygen partial pressure gradient at 850 °C. Reactive air brazing is a promising method to solve this challenge. However, reactive air brazed BSCF membranes suffer from a significant strength degradation that is caused by unhindered diffusion from the metal component during aging. In this study, we investigated how diffusion layers applied on the austenitic steel AISI 314 influence the bending strength of BSCF-Ag3CuO-AISI314 joints after aging. Three different approaches were compared as diffusion barriers: (1) aluminizing via pack cementation, (2) spray coating with NiCoCrAlReY, and (3) spray coating with NiCoCrAlReY and an additional 7YSZ top layer. Coated steel components were brazed to bending bars and aged for 1000 h at 850 °C in air prior to four-point bending and subsequent macroscopic as well microscopic analyses. In particular, coating with NiCoCrAlReY showed low-defect microstructures. The characteristic joint strength was raised from 17 MPa to 35 MPa after 1000 h aging at 850 °C. In addition, the dominant delamination fracture between the steel and the mixed oxide layer, observed in the reference series with uncoated steel, could be replaced by mixed and ceramic fractures of higher strength. The effect of residual joint stresses on the crack formation and path is analyzed and discussed. Chromium poisoning could no longer be detected in the BSCF, and interdiffusion through the braze was effectively reduced. Since the strength degradation of reactive air brazed joints is mainly caused by the metallic joining partner, the findings on the effect of the diffusion barriers in BSCF joints might be transferred to numerous other joining systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Herzog
- Institute for Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Augustinerbach 4, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Anke Kaletsch
- Institute for Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Augustinerbach 4, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Broeckmann
- Institute for Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Augustinerbach 4, 52062 Aachen, Germany
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Li J, Yang M, Zhang X, Wen J, Wang C, Huang G, Song W. First-Principles Study of the Effect of Ni-Doped on the Spinel-Type Mn-Based Cathode Discharge. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:8208-8216. [PMID: 36734007 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Spinel-type manganese oxide is considered as a typical cobalt-free high-voltage cathode material for lithium-ion battery applications because of its low cost, non-toxicity, and easy preparation. Nevertheless, severe capacity fading during charge and discharge limits its commercialization. Therefore, understanding the electrochemical properties and its modification mechanism of spinel-type manganese oxide for a lithium-ion battery is of great research interest. Herein, we presented a theoretical study regarding the discharge process of LiMn2O4 and LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. We found that the discharge process is accompanied by an increase in unit cell volume and lattice distortion. Moreover, 25% Ni-substitution increases the average calculated voltage of LiMn2O4 from 3.83 to 4.61 V, which is very close to the experimental value. The electronic structure is further discussed to understand the mechanism of voltage increase. In addition, the Ni element also reduces the Li-ion diffusion barrier by 0.06 eV, which helps to improve the intrinsic rate performance of LiMn2O4. Our research can provide insight into how Ni-substitution influences the voltage and diffusion barrier of LiMn2O4 and pave the way for other spinel-type manganese oxide electrode applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexiang Li
- College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
| | - Jiawei Wen
- College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
| | - Chunxia Wang
- College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
| | - Guoyong Huang
- College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
| | - Weiyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing102249, China
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Akhtar F, Brignola B, Caudron F. Septin Defects Favour Symmetric Inheritance of the Budding Yeast Deceptive Courtship Memory. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36769325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mnemons are prion-like elements that encode cellular memories of past cellular adaptations and do not spread to progenies during cell divisions. During the deceptive courtship in budding yeast, the Whi3 mnemon (Whi3mnem) condenses into a super-assembly to encode a mating pheromone refractory state established in the mother cell. Whi3mnem is confined to the mother cell such that their daughter cells have the ability to respond to the mating pheromone. Confinement of Whi3mnem involves its association with the endoplasmic reticulum membranes and the compartmentalization of these membranes by the lateral membrane diffusion barrier at the bud neck, the limit between the mother cell and the bud. However, during the first cell division after the establishment of the pheromone refractory state, this adaptation is more likely to be inherited by the daughter cell than in subsequent cell divisions. Here, we show that the first cell division is associated with larger daughter cells and cytokinesis defects, traits that are not observed in subsequent cell divisions. The cytoskeletal septin protein shows aberrant localisation in these divisions and the septin-dependent endoplasmic reticulum membrane diffusion barrier is weakened. Overall, these data suggest that cytokinesis defects associated with prolonged cell division can alter the confinement and inheritance pattern of a cellular memory.
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Santos RF, Oliveira BMC, Ferreira PJ, Vieira MF. The Effect of Ultrasonic Agitation on the Seedless Growth of Cu on Ru-W Thin Films. Materials (Basel) 2022; 16:167. [PMID: 36614506 PMCID: PMC9822143 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ru attracted considerable attention as a candidate to replace TaN as a diffusion barrier layer for Cu interconnect metallisation. The addition of W improves the diffusion barrier properties of Ru but appears to weaken the adhesion strength between the barrier and Cu and the direct (seedless) electroplatability behaviour. Although Cu can be directly electroplated on near equimolar Ru-W thin films, no complete substrate coverage is obtained. The understanding of Cu electrocrystallisation on Ru−W is essential to develop methods of fabricating thin, continuous, and well adherent films for advanced interconnect metallisation, where Ru−W thin films could be used as diffusion barriers. This work studies the effect of ultrasonic agitation on the growth of Cu films electroplated on Ru−W, namely on the impact on substrate coverage. Film structure, morphology and chemical composition were evaluated by digital and scanning and transmission electron microscopies, and X-ray diffraction. The results show that Cu particles decrease with increasing current density, but when no electrolyte agitation is applied, substrate coverage is incomplete in the central region, with openings around larger Cu particles, regardless of current density. Under ultrasonic agitation, substrate coverage is remarkably improved. An active particle detachment mechanism is proposed as responsible for attaining improved substrate coverage, only possible at intermediate current density. Lower current densities promote growth over nucleation, whereas higher currents result in extensive hydrogen reduction/formation. Ultrasonic agitation also enhances a preferential Cu growth along <111> direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rúben F. Santos
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- LAETA/INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno M. C. Oliveira
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- LAETA/INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo J. Ferreira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Mechanical Engineering Department and IDMEC, IST, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuel F. Vieira
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- LAETA/INEGI—Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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11
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Chen T, Xue L, Shi Z, Qiu C, Sun M, Zhao Y, Liu J, Ni M, Li H, Xu J, Xia H. Interlayer Modulation of Layered Transition Metal Compounds for Energy Storage. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:54369-54388. [PMID: 36459661 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Layered transition metal compounds are one of the most important electrode materials for high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices, such as batteries and supercapacitors. Charge storage in these materials can be achieved via intercalation of ions into the interlayer channels between the layer slabs. With the development of lithium-beyond batteries, larger carrier ions require optimized interlayer space for the unrestricted diffusion in the two-dimensional channels and effectively shielded electrostatic interaction between the slabs and interlayer ions. Therefore, interlayer modulation has become an efficient and promising approach to overcome the problems of sluggish kinetics, structural distortion, irreversible phase transition, dissolution of some transition metal elements, and air instability faced by these materials and thus enhance the overall electrochemical performance. In this review, we focus on the interlayer modulation of layered transition metal compounds for various batteries and supercapacitors. Merits of interlayer modulation on the charge storage procedures of charge transfer, ion diffusion, and structural transformation are first discussed, with emphasis on the state-of-art strategies of intercalation and doping with foreign species. Following the obtained insights, applications of modified layered electrode materials in various batteries and supercapacitors are summarized, which may guide the future development of high-performance and low-cost electrode materials for energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Liang Xue
- Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Zhengyi Shi
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Ce Qiu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Mingqing Sun
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Juntao Liu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Mingzhu Ni
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Hao Li
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing210094, China
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12
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Choi H, Kim CL, Sohn Y. Diffusion Barrier Properties of the Intermetallic Compound Layers Formed in the Pt Nanoparticles Alloyed Sn-58Bi Solder Joints Reacted with ENIG and ENEPIG Surface Finishes. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:8419. [PMID: 36499917 PMCID: PMC9740177 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pt-nanoparticle (NP)-alloyed Sn-58Bi solders were reacted with electroless nickel-immersion gold (ENIG) and electroless nickel-electroless palladium-immersion gold (ENEPIG) surface finishes. We investigated formation of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) and their diffusion barrier properties at reaction interfaces as functions of Pt NP content in the composite solders and duration of solid-state aging at 100 °C. At Sn-58Bi-xPt/ENIG interfaces, typical Ni3Sn4/Ni3P(P-rich layer) microstructure was formed. With the large consumption of the Ni-P layer, the Ni-P and Cu layers were intermixed and Cu atoms spread over the composite solder after 500 h of aging. By contrast, a (Pd,Ni)Sn4/thin Ni3Sn4 microstructure was observed at the Sn-58Bi-xPt/ENEPIG interfaces. The (Pd,Ni)Sn4 IMC effectively suppressed the consumption of the Ni-P layer and Ni3Sn4 growth, functioning as a good diffusion barrier. Therefore, the Sn-58Bi-xPt/ENEPIG joint survived 500 h of aging without microstructural degradation. Based on the experimental results and analysis of this study, Sn-58Bi-0.05Pt/ENEPIG is suggested as the optimum combination for future low-temperature soldering systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeokgi Choi
- Department of Welding and Joining Science Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Lae Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonchul Sohn
- Department of Welding and Joining Science Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
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13
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Singh T, Choudhuri JR, Rana MK. α-graphyne as a promising anode material for Na-ion batteries: a first-principles study. Nanotechnology 2022; 34:045404. [PMID: 36240696 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac9a54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have emerged as a technological game-changer. Due to the rising price of lithium and the environmental concerns LIBs pose, their use is no longer viable. Sodium (Na) may be the best contender among the alternatives for replacing lithium. Conventional graphite has a limited capacity for Na storage. Hence,α-graphyne, an allotrope of carbon, was studied here as a potential anode material for Na-ion batteries (NIBs), employing density functional theory. In-plane Na atom adsorption results in a semi-metallic to metallic transition ofα-graphyne. Electronic transport calculations show an increase in current after Na adsorption in graphyne. The successive adsorption of Na atoms on the surface of graphyne leads to a theoretical capacity of 1395.89 mA h g-1, which is much greater than graphite. The average open circuit voltage is 0.81 V, which is an ideal operating voltage for NIBs. Intra- and inter-hexagon Na diffusions have very low energy barriers of 0.18 eV and 0.96 eV, respectively, which ensure smooth operation during charge/discharge cycles. According to this study, theα-graphyne monolayer thus has the potential to be employed as an anode in NIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tavinder Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Berhampur, Ganjam, Odisha-760010, India
| | - Jyoti Roy Choudhuri
- Department of Chemistry, BMS Institute of Technology and Management, Avalahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka-560064, India
| | - Malay Kumar Rana
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Berhampur, Ganjam, Odisha-760010, India
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14
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Cheng H, Kao Y, Chen T, Sharma L, Yang W, Chuang Y, Huang S, Lin H, Huang Y, Kao C, Yang L, Bearon R, Cheng H, Hsia K, Lin Y. Actin filaments form a size-dependent diffusion barrier around centrosomes. EMBO Rep 2022; 24:e54935. [PMID: 36314725 PMCID: PMC9827556 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202254935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The centrosome, a non-membranous organelle, constrains various soluble molecules locally to execute its functions. As the centrosome is surrounded by various dense components, we hypothesized that it may be bordered by a putative diffusion barrier. After quantitatively measuring the trapping kinetics of soluble proteins of varying size at centrosomes by a chemically inducible diffusion trapping assay, we find that centrosomes are highly accessible to soluble molecules with a Stokes radius of less than 5.8 nm, whereas larger molecules rarely reach centrosomes, indicating the existence of a size-dependent diffusion barrier at centrosomes. The permeability of this barrier is tightly regulated by branched actin filaments outside of centrosomes and it decreases during anaphase when branched actin temporally increases. The actin-based diffusion barrier gates microtubule nucleation by interfering with γ-tubulin ring complex recruitment. We propose that actin filaments spatiotemporally constrain protein complexes at centrosomes in a size-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan Cheng
- Institute of Molecular MedicineNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Lin Kao
- Institute of Molecular MedicineNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Ting Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural BiologyNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Lohitaksh Sharma
- Institute of Molecular MedicineNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Wen‐Ting Yang
- Institute of Molecular MedicineNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Chien Chuang
- Institute of Molecular MedicineNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Shih‐Han Huang
- Institute of Molecular MedicineNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Hong‐Rui Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural BiologyNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Yao‐Shen Huang
- Institute of Molecular MedicineNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Chi‐Ling Kao
- Institute of Molecular MedicineNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Lee‐Wei Yang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural BiologyNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan,Physics DivisionNational Center for Theoretical SciencesTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Rachel Bearon
- Department of Mathematical ScienceUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Hui‐Chun Cheng
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural BiologyNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | | | - Yu‐Chun Lin
- Institute of Molecular MedicineNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan,Department of Medical ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
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15
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Coelho R, De Abreu Y, Carvalho F, Branco Lopes E, Gonçalves AP. An Electrical Contacts Study for Tetrahedrite-Based Thermoelectric Generators. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6698. [PMID: 36234038 PMCID: PMC9573378 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High electrical and thermal contact resistances can ruin a thermoelectric device's performance, and thus, the use of effective diffusion barriers and optimization of joining methods are crucial to implement them. In this work, the use of carbon as a Cu11Mn1Sb4S13 tetrahedrite diffusion barrier, and the effectiveness of different fixation techniques for the preparation of tetrahedrite/copper electrical contacts were investigated. Contacts were prepared using as jointing materials Ni and Ag conductive paints and resins, and a Zn-5wt% Al solder. Manual, cold- and hot-pressing fixation techniques were explored. The contact resistance was measured using a custom-made system based on the three points pulsed-current method. The legs interfaces (Cu/graphite/tetrahedrite) were investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopies, complemented with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. No interfacial phases were formed between the graphite and the tetrahedrite or Cu, pointing to graphite as a good diffusion barrier. Ag water-based paint was the best jointing material, but the use of hot pressing without jointing materials proves to be the most reliable technique, presenting the lowest contact resistance values. Computer simulations using the COMSOL software were performed to complement this study, indicating that high contact resistances strongly reduce the power output of thermoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Coelho
- C2TN, DECN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Yassine De Abreu
- CESI, Campus D’enseignement Supérieur et de Formation Professionnelle, 15C Av. Albert Einstein, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Francisco Carvalho
- DEEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elsa Branco Lopes
- C2TN, DECN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - António Pereira Gonçalves
- C2TN, DECN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
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16
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Baidoo JK, Choi SH, Agyapong-Fordjour FOT, Boandoh S, Yun SJ, Adofo LA, Ben-Smith A, Kim YI, Jin JW, Jung MH, Jeong HY, Kim YM, Lee YH, Kim SM, Kim KK. Sequential Growth of Vertical Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Heterostructures on Rollable Aluminum Foil. ACS Nano 2022; 16:8851-8859. [PMID: 35713417 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vertical van der Waals heterostructures (vdWhs), which are made by layer-by-layer stacking of two-dimensional (2D) materials, offer great opportunities for the development of extraordinary physics and devices such as topological superconductivity, robust quantum Hall phenomenon, electron-hole pair condensation, Coulomb drag, and tunneling devices. However, the size of vdWhs is still limited to the order of a few micrometers, which restricts the large-scale roll-to-roll processes for industrial applications. Herein, we report the sequential growth of a 14 in. vertical vdWhs on a rollable Al foil via chemical vapor deposition. By supplying chalcogen precursors to liquid transition-metal precursor-coated Al foils, we grew a wide range of individual 2D transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) films, including MoS2, VS2, ReS2, WS2, SnS2, WSe2, and vanadium-doped MoS2. Additionally, by repeating the growth process, we successfully achieved the layer-by-layer growth of ReS2/MoS2 and SnS2/ReS2/MoS2 vdWhs. The chemically inert Al native oxide layer inhibits the diffusion of chalcogen and metal atoms into Al foils, allowing for the growth of diverse TMDs and their vdWhs. The conductive Al substrate enables the effective use of vdWhs/Al as a hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalyst with a transfer-free process. This work provides a robust route for the commercialization of 2D TMDs and their vdWhs at a low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kojo Baidoo
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Ho Choi
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Stephen Boandoh
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Joon Yun
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Laud Anim Adofo
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Andrew Ben-Smith
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong In Kim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Won Jin
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hyoung Jung
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu Young Jeong
- Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Min Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 14072, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Kang Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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17
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Shen L, Chen Y, Niu B, Liu Z, Qin J, Xie J. Optimization of Interface Materials between Bi 2Te 3-Based Films and Cu Electrodes Enables a High Performance Thin-Film Thermoelectric Cooler. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:21106-21115. [PMID: 35475614 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thermoelectric interface materials (TEiMs) are key to optimizing the electrical contact and stability of the interface between thermoelectric material and metal electrode in high-performance thin-film thermoelectric coolers (TECs). Herein, we explored TEiMs applicable to representative Bi-Te films and found that Cr and Ag are effective TEiMs for p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 and n-type Bi2Te3, respectively. By introducing 200 nm Cr and 200 nm Ag as TEiMs for p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3/Cu and n-type Bi2Te3/Cu interfaces, Cu diffusion is suppressed, and excellent electrical contact is achieved (1.81 × 10-12 Ω m2 for p-type and 3.32 × 10-12 Ω m2 for n-type) and remains stable after heat treatment (2.37 × 10-12 Ω m2 for p-type and 1.63 × 10-12 Ω m2 for n-type). Furthermore, the cooling flux of TECs with optimized TEiMs increases from 122.74 to 296.56 W/cm2, while the performance degradation caused by contact resistance decreases from 50.81 to 4.15%. In addition, our results show that diffusion occurs between not only Cu but also Ag and the thermoelectric material, as TEiMs diffuse slightly. The diffusion of Cu and Ag at the interface can optimize the electrical contact of Bi2Te3/Cu but strongly degrade the electrical contacts of Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3/Cu. Our work provides an optimal selection of TEiMs for high-performance Bi-Te thin film coolers and provides guidance for further miniaturization of devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Shen
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bingxuan Niu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiang Qin
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Junlong Xie
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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18
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Tintelott M, Kremers T, Ingebrandt S, Pachauri V, Vu XT. Realization of a PEDOT:PSS/Graphene Oxide On-Chip Pseudo-Reference Electrode for Integrated ISFETs. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:s22082999. [PMID: 35458984 PMCID: PMC9032565 DOI: 10.3390/s22082999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A stable reference electrode (RE) plays a crucial role in the performance of an ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET) for bio/chemical sensing applications. There is a strong demand for the miniaturization of the RE for integrated sensor systems such as lab-on-a-chip (LoC) or point-of-care (PoC) applications. Out of several approaches presented so far to integrate an on-chip electrode, there exist critical limitations such as the effect of analyte composition on the electrode potential and drifts during the measurements. In this paper, we present a micro-scale solid-state pseudo-reference electrode (pRE) based on poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) coated with graphene oxide (GO) to deploy with an ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET)-based sensor platform. The PEDOT:PSS was electropolymerized from its monomer on a micro size gold (Au) electrode and, subsequently, a thin GO layer was deposited on top. The stability of the electrical potential and the cross-sensitivity to the ionic strength of the electrolyte were investigated. The presented pRE exhibits a highly stable open circuit potential (OCP) for up to 10 h with a minimal drift of ~0.65 mV/h and low cross-sensitivity to the ionic strength of the electrolyte. pH measurements were performed using silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (SiNW-FETs), using the developed pRE to ensure good gating performance of electrolyte-gated FETs. The impact of ionic strength was investigated by measuring the transfer characteristic of a SiNW-FET in two electrolytes with different ionic strengths (1 mM and 100 mM) but the same pH. The performance of the PEDOT:PSS/GO electrode is similar to a commercial electrochemical Ag/AgCl reference electrode.
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19
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Santos RF, Oliveira BMC, Savaris LCG, Ferreira PJ, Vieira MF. Seedless Cu Electroplating on Ru-W Thin Films for Metallisation of Advanced Interconnects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1891. [PMID: 35163817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, Ta/TaN has been the industry standard for a diffusion barrier against Cu in interconnect metallisation. The continuous miniaturisation of transistors and interconnects into the nanoscale are pushing conventional materials to their physical limits and creating the need to replace them. Binary metallic systems, such as Ru-W, have attracted considerable attention as possible replacements due to a combination of electrical and diffusion barrier properties and the capability of direct Cu electroplating. The process of Cu electrodeposition on Ru-W is of fundamental importance in order to create thin, continuous, and adherent films for advanced interconnect metallisation. This work investigates the effects of the current density and application method on the electro-crystallisation behaviour of Cu. The film structure, morphology, and chemical composition were assessed by digital microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The results show that it was possible to form a thin Cu film on Ru-W with interfacial continuity for current densities higher than 5 mA·cm−2; however, the substrate regions around large Cu particles remained uncovered. Pulse-reverse current application appears to be more beneficial than direct current as it decreased the average Cu particle size.
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20
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Goh Y, Hwang J, Kim M, Lee Y, Jung M, Jeon S. Selector-less Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions by Stress Engineering and an Imprinting Effect for High-Density Cross-Point Synapse Arrays. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:59422-59430. [PMID: 34855347 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the quest for highly scalable and three-dimensional (3D) stackable memory components, ferroelectric tunnel junction (FTJ) crossbar architectures are promising technologies for nonvolatile logic and neuromorphic computing. Most FTJs, however, require additional nonlinear devices to suppress sneak-path current, limiting large-scale arrays in practical applications. Moreover, the giant tunneling electroresistance (TER) remains challenging due to their inherent weak polarization. Here, we present that the employment of a diffusion barrier layer as well as a bottom metal electrode having a significantly low thermal expansion coefficient has been identified as an important way to enhance the strain, stabilize the ferroelectricity, and manage the leakage current in ultrathin hafnia film, achieving a high TER of 100, negligible resistance changes even up to 108 cycles, and a high switching speed of a few tens of nanoseconds. Also, we demonstrate that the usage of an imprinting effect in a ferroelectric capacitor induced by an ionized oxygen vacancy near the electrode results in highly asymmetric current-voltage characteristics with a rectifying ratio of 1000. Notably, the proposed FTJ exhibits a high density array size (>4k) with a securing read margin of 10%. These findings provide a guideline for the design of high-performance and selector-free FTJ devices for large-scale crossbar arrays in neuromorphic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngin Goh
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Junghyeon Hwang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Minki Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Yongsun Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Minhyun Jung
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sanghun Jeon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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21
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Qin W, Lu WC, Xue XY, Ho KM, Wang CZ. Lithium Diffusion in Silicon Encapsulated with Graphene. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11123397. [PMID: 34947746 PMCID: PMC8709124 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The model of a graphene (Gr) sheet putting on a silicon (Si) substrate is used to simulate the structures of Si microparticles wrapped up in a graphene cage, which may be the anode of lithium-ion batteries (LIBS) to improve the high-volume expansion of Si anode materials. The common low-energy defective graphene (d–Gr) structures of DV5–8–5, DV555–777 and SV are studied and compared with perfect graphene (p–Gr). First-principles calculations are performed to confirm the stable structures before and after Li penetrating through the Gr sheet or graphene/Si-substrate (Gr/Si) slab. The climbing image nudged elastic band (CI-NEB) method is performed to evaluate the diffusion barrier and seek the saddle point. The calculation results reveal that the d–Gr greatly reduces the energy barriers for Li diffusion in Gr or Gr/Si. The energy stability, structural configuration, bond length between the atoms and layer distances of these structures are also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Correspondence: (W.Q.); (W.-C.L.); (C.-Z.W.)
| | - Wen-Cai Lu
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence: (W.Q.); (W.-C.L.); (C.-Z.W.)
| | - Xu-Yan Xue
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Kai-Ming Ho
- Ames Laboratory-U.S. DOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Cai-Zhuang Wang
- Ames Laboratory-U.S. DOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
- Correspondence: (W.Q.); (W.-C.L.); (C.-Z.W.)
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22
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Censabella M, Drago C, Cafra B, Badalà P, Bassi A, Piccitto G, Mirabella S, Grimaldi MG, Ruffino F. Morphological and Compositional Studies on Al/Ti/TiN/Si, Al/TiN/Si, Al/W/Si, Al/WN/Si Systems to Test the Diffusion Barrier Properties of Nanoscale-Thick Layers between Al and Si. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:849. [PMID: 34442471 DOI: 10.3390/mi12080849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, an investigation of the properties of nanoscale-thick Ti/TiN, TiN, W, WN layers as diffusion barriers between Si and Al is carried out in view of Si-based electronic applications. Heat treatments were performed on the samples to activate interdiffusion between Si and Al. Changing annealing time and temperature, each sample was morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy and compositionally characterized by Rutherford backscattering analysis. The aim is to evaluate the efficiency of the layers as diffusion barriers between Si and Al and, at the same time, to evaluate the surface morphological changes upon annealing processes.
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23
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Elejalde-Palmett C, Martinez San Segundo I, Garroum I, Charrier L, De Bellis D, Mucciolo A, Guerault A, Liu J, Zeisler-Diehl V, Aharoni A, Schreiber L, Bakan B, Clausen MH, Geisler M, Nawrath C. ABCG transporters export cutin precursors for the formation of the plant cuticle. Curr Biol 2021; 31:2111-2123.e9. [PMID: 33756108 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The plant cuticle is deposited on the surface of primary plant organs, such as leaves, fruits, and floral organs, forming a diffusion barrier and protecting the plant against various abiotic and biotic stresses. Cutin, the structural polyester of the plant cuticle, is synthesized in the apoplast. Plasma-membrane-localized ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters of the G family have been hypothesized to export cutin precursors. Here, we characterize SlABCG42 of tomato representing an ortholog of AtABCG32 in Arabidopsis. SlABCG42 expression in Arabidopsis complements the cuticular deficiencies of the Arabidopsis pec1/abcg32 mutant. RNAi-dependent downregulation of both tomato genes encoding proteins highly homologous to AtABCG32 (SlABCG36 and SlABCG42) leads to reduced cutin deposition and formation of a thinner cuticle in tomato fruits. By using a tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) protoplast system, we show that AtABCG32 and SlABCG42 have an export activity for 10,16-dihydroxy hexadecanoyl-2-glycerol, a cutin precursor in vivo. Interestingly, also free ω-hydroxy hexadecanoic acid as well as hexadecanedioic acid were exported, furthering the research on the identification of cutin precursors in vivo and the respective mechanisms of their integration into the cutin polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ignacio Martinez San Segundo
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Imène Garroum
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Charrier
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Damien De Bellis
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Mucciolo
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurore Guerault
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Lukas Schreiber
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Bénédicte Bakan
- INRAE, Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies UR1268, 44316 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Mads H Clausen
- Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Markus Geisler
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Nawrath
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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24
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Bin Imtiaz MK, Jaeger BN, Bottes S, Machado RAC, Vidmar M, Moore DL, Jessberger S. Declining lamin B1 expression mediates age-dependent decreases of hippocampal stem cell activity. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:967-977.e8. [PMID: 33631115 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) generate neurons throughout life in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. With advancing age, levels of neurogenesis sharply drop, which has been associated with a decline in hippocampal memory function. However, cell-intrinsic mechanisms mediating age-related changes in NSC activity remain largely unknown. Here, we show that the nuclear lamina protein lamin B1 (LB1) is downregulated with age in mouse hippocampal NSCs, whereas protein levels of SUN-domain containing protein 1 (SUN1), previously implicated in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), increase. Balancing the levels of LB1 and SUN1 in aged NSCs restores the strength of the endoplasmic reticulum diffusion barrier that is associated with segregation of aging factors in proliferating NSCs. Virus-based restoration of LB1 expression in aged NSCs enhances stem cell activity in vitro and increases progenitor cell proliferation and neurogenesis in vivo. Thus, we here identify a mechanism that mediates age-related decline of neurogenesis in the mammalian hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khadeesh Bin Imtiaz
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste N Jaeger
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Bottes
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raquel A C Machado
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mojca Vidmar
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Darcie L Moore
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
| | - Sebastian Jessberger
- Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, Faculties of Medicine and Science, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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25
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Deng Y, Wang M, Fan C, Luo C, Gao Y, Zhou C, Gao J. Strategy to Enhance the Cycling Stability of the Metallic Lithium Anode in Li-Metal Batteries. Nano Lett 2021; 21:1896-1901. [PMID: 33543613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Based on the analysis of systematic research (density functional theory calculations, physical characterizations, and electrochemical performances), here, we report a novel mixture surface modification layer of LiC6&LiF, which can enhance the lithium-ion diffusion and decrease the local current density. This is beneficial to the improvement of cycling stability. As a result, the Li@LiC6&LiF-5/NCM half-cell possesses an excellent capacity retention of 94% after 100 cycles at 0.1C, with a capacity decay of only 0.06% per cycle. For comparison, the capacity retention of a pristine Li/NCM cell is only 9.3% after 100 cycles. Our study confirms that compositing the high ionic conductivity layer (e.g., LiC6&LiF for the first time) is a promising avenue to stabilize lithium-metal anodes. From this perspective, we concisely review recent discoveries in this field and suggest possible new research directions for further development of Li-metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Deng
- New Energy Materials Laboratory, Sichuan Changhong Electric Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ming Wang
- New Energy Materials Laboratory, Sichuan Changhong Electric Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Cong Fan
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Congshan Luo
- New Energy Materials Laboratory, Sichuan Changhong Electric Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yang Gao
- New Energy Materials Laboratory, Sichuan Changhong Electric Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chuanjiyue Zhou
- New Energy Materials Laboratory, Sichuan Changhong Electric Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jian Gao
- New Energy Materials Laboratory, Sichuan Changhong Electric Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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26
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Ma BL, Wu YY, Guo YH, Yin W, Zhan Q, Yang HG, Wang S, Wang BT. Effects of Monovacancy and Divacancies on Hydrogen Solubility, Trapping and Diffusion Behaviors in fcc-Pd by First Principles. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13214876. [PMID: 33143105 PMCID: PMC7663487 DOI: 10.3390/ma13214876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The hydrogen blistering phenomenon is one of the key issues for the target station of the accelerator-based neutron source. In the present study, the effect of monovacancies and divacancies defects on the solution, clustering and diffusion behaviors of H impurity in fcc-Pd were studied through first principles calculations. Our calculations prove that vacancies behave as an effective sink for H impurities. We found that, although the H-trap efficiency of the larger vacancy defect was reduced, its H-trap ability strengthened. There is a short-ranged area around the vacancy defects in which H impurities tend to diffuse to vacancy defects, gather and form hydrogen bubbles. Therefore, the characteristic of large vacancy defects formation in materials should be considered when screening anti-blistering materials for neutron-producing targets or when designing radiation resistant composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Long Ma
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
| | - Yi-Yuan Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Nuclear Technology Application, Ministry of Education, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China;
| | - Yan-Hui Guo
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongguan 523803, China; (Y.-H.G.); (W.Y.)
| | - Wen Yin
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongguan 523803, China; (Y.-H.G.); (W.Y.)
| | - Qin Zhan
- Department of Reactor Engineering Research & Design, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China; (Q.Z.); (H.-G.Y.)
| | - Hong-Guang Yang
- Department of Reactor Engineering Research & Design, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China; (Q.Z.); (H.-G.Y.)
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (B.-T.W.)
| | - Bao-Tian Wang
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongguan 523803, China; (Y.-H.G.); (W.Y.)
- Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (B.-T.W.)
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27
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Li J, Zhao S, Chen J, Bai G, Hu L, Liu F, Ao W, Li Y, Xie H, Zhang C. Enhanced Interfacial Reliability and Mechanical Strength of CoSb 3-Based Thermoelectric Joints with Rationally Designed Diffusion Barrier Materials of Ti-Based Alloys. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:44858-44865. [PMID: 32924428 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To achieve high-performance thermoelectric (TE) devices, constructing a good interfacial connection between TE materials and electrodes is as important as having high figure-of-merit TE materials. Although CoSb3-based TE devices have received great attention for power generation recently, the limited long-term service stability is the main obstruct for their applications. In this work, we have prepared two kinds of Ti-based alloys (Ti83.7Al10.7Si5.6 and Ti74Ni26) as the diffusion barrier layer of CoSb3-based TE joints by the spark plasma sintering method and have systematically investigated their interfacial behaviors during the aging process. The performances of contact resistivity and mechanical strength for Ti74Ni26/Yb0.4Co3.8Fe0.2Sb12 TE joints are good before aging treatment but gradually deteriorate during the aging process, which should be ascribed to the phase-transition-induced negative thermal expansion in Ti-Ni alloys. On the other hand, Ti83.7Al10.7Si5.6/Yb0.4Co3.8Fe0.2Sb12 TE joints show both low contact resistivity (<10 μΩ·cm2) and high mechanical strength (>20 MPa) before and after 16-day aging at 500 °C, which is originated from the matching of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and the formation of network structures in Ti-Al-Si alloys. We have also prepared an eight-couple TE module of p-Ge0.9Sb0.1TeB0.01/n-Yb0.4Co3.8Fe0.2Sb12 and have measured its corresponding device performance. Our work has demonstrated that the matched CTE and network structures in the Ti-Al-Si alloy are key to obtain high-performance CoSb3-based TE joints for long-term service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqin Li
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Shiyuan Zhao
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Jiali Chen
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Guangyuan Bai
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Lipeng Hu
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Fusheng Liu
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Weiqin Ao
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Heping Xie
- Materials Institute of Deep Underground Sciences and Green Energy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Chaohua Zhang
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials; Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
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28
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Handschuh-Wang S, Wang T, Zhu L, Xu Y, Huang L, Gan T, Tang Y, Zhou X. Corrosion-Resistant Functional Diamond Coatings for Reliable Interfacing of Liquid Metals with Solid Metals. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:40891-40900. [PMID: 32805806 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gallium-based liquid metals (GLMs) exist as atypical liquid-phase metals at and near room temperature while being electrically and thermally conductive, enabling copious applications in soft electronics and thermal management systems. Yet, solid metals are affected by interfacing with GLMs, resulting in liquid metal embrittlement and device failure. To avert this issue, mechanically durable and electrically tunable diffusion barriers for long-term reliable liquid metal-solid metal interfacing based on the deposition of various diamond coatings are designed and synthesized, as they feature high chemical inertness and extraordinary mechanical resistance. The diamond coatings show superlyophobicity (GLM contact angle ≥ 155°) and are nonstick toward GLMs, thereby achieving high mobility of GLM droplets (sliding angle 8-12°). The excellent barrier and anti-adhesion performance of the diamond coatings are proven in long-term experiments (3 weeks) of coated titanium alloy (Ti) samples in contact with GLMs. The electrical performance of the conductive diamond coating deposited on Ti is reliable and stable over a period of 50 h. As proof-of-concept applications a switch and a thermal management device based on liquid metals are demonstrated, signifying that coating diamond films on metals is a potent means to achieve stable integration of solid metals with GLMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Handschuh-Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Lifei Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Tiansheng Gan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yongbing Tang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xuechang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
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29
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Speulmanns J, Kia AM, Kühnel K, Bönhardt S, Weinreich W. Surface-Dependent Performance of Ultrathin TiN Films as an Electrically Conducting Li Diffusion Barrier for Li-Ion-Based Devices. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:39252-39260. [PMID: 32805107 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An in-depth understanding of lithium (Li) diffusion barriers is a crucial factor for enabling Li-ion-based devices such as three-dimensional (3D) thin-film batteries and synaptic redox transistors integrated on silicon substrates. Diffusion of Li ions into silicon can damage the surrounding components, detach the device itself, lead to battery capacity loss, and cause an uncontrolled change of the transistor channel conductance. In this study, we analyze for the first time ultrathin 10 nm titanium nitride (TiN) films as a bifunctional Li-ion diffusion barrier and current collector. Thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) and pulsed chemical vapor deposition (pCVD) are employed for manufacturing ultrathin films. The 10 nm ALD films demonstrate excellent blocking capability with an insertion of only 0.03 Li per TiN formula unit exceeding 200 galvanostatic cycles at 3 μA/cm2 between 0.05 and 3 V versus Li/Li+. An ultralow electrical resistivity of 115 μΩ cm is obtained. In contrast, a partial barrier breakdown is observed for 10 nm pCVD films. High surface quality with low contamination is identified as a key factor for the excellent performance of ALD TiN. Conformal deposition of 10 nm ALD TiN in 3D structures with high aspect ratios of up to 20:1 is demonstrated. The measured capacities of the surface area-enhanced samples are in good agreement with the expected values. High-temperature blocking capability is proven for a typical electrode crystallization step. Ultrathin ALD TiN is an ideal candidate for an electrically conducting Li-ion diffusion barrier for Si-integrated devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Speulmanns
- Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems (IPMS), Center Nanoelectronic Technologies (CNT), Königsbrücker Str. 178, 01099 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alireza M Kia
- Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems (IPMS), Center Nanoelectronic Technologies (CNT), Königsbrücker Str. 178, 01099 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kati Kühnel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems (IPMS), Center Nanoelectronic Technologies (CNT), Königsbrücker Str. 178, 01099 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sascha Bönhardt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems (IPMS), Center Nanoelectronic Technologies (CNT), Königsbrücker Str. 178, 01099 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wenke Weinreich
- Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems (IPMS), Center Nanoelectronic Technologies (CNT), Königsbrücker Str. 178, 01099 Dresden, Germany
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30
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Wang CH, Hsieh HC, Sun ZW, Ranganayakulu VK, Lan TW, Chen YY, Chang YY, Wu AT. Interfacial Stability in Bi 2Te 3 Thermoelectric Joints. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:27001-27009. [PMID: 32459950 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3)-based thermoelectric materials are well-known for their high figure-of-merit (zT value) in the low-temperature region. Stable joints in the module are essential for creating a reliable device for long-term applications. This study used electroless Co-P to prevent a severe interfacial reaction between the joints of solder and Bi2Te3. A thick and brittle SnTe intermetallic compound layer was successfully inhibited. The strength of the joints improved, and the fracture mode became more ductile; furthermore, there was no significant degradation of thermoelectric properties after depositing the Co-P layer after long-term aging. The result suggests that electroless Co-P could enhance the interfacial stability of the joints and be an effective diffusion barrier for Bi2Te3 thermoelectric modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsien Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chien Hsieh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
| | - Zhen-Wei Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
| | | | - Tian-Wey Lan
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yi Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu City 30076, Taiwan
| | - Albert T Wu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
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31
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Handschuh-Wang S, Zhu L, Wang T. Is There a Relationship between Surface Wettability of Structured Surfaces and Lyophobicity toward Liquid Metals? Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E2283. [PMID: 32429161 PMCID: PMC7288057 DOI: 10.3390/ma13102283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The liquid metal lyophobicity of a rough substrate was, in previous articles, found to be rather independent on the surface wettability. In this article, we scrutinize the impact of surface wettability of a structured (rough) surface on the liquid metal wettability and adhesion. As a model system, a structured diamond coating was synthesized and modified by air plasma. We show that surface wettability (surface free energy) does not play a prominent role for static contact angle measurements and for the liquid metal repelling properties of the diamond coating in droplet impact experiments. In contrast, roll off angles and repeated deposition experiments illustrate that the increased hydrophilicity impacts the long-term liquid metal repellency of our coating. Liquid metal adhered after around 50 deposition/removal cycles on the hydrophilic diamond coating, while no liquid metal adhesion was visible after 100 cycles on the hydrophobic diamond coating, illustrating the fundamental role for the adhesion of liquid metal. The effect of repeated deposition in conjunction with gentle applied force was employed for coating the liquid metal lyophobic (hydrophilic) diamond coating with a thin liquid metal layer. The observed effect may find application in flexible electronics and thermal management systems as a means to improve interfacing of the liquid metal with conductive non-metal coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Handschuh-Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Lifei Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Tao Wang
- Functional Thin Films Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China;
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32
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Li J, Zhao S, Chen J, Han C, Hu L, Liu F, Ao W, Li Y, Xie H, Zhang C. Al-Si Alloy as a Diffusion Barrier for GeTe-Based Thermoelectric Legs with High Interfacial Reliability and Mechanical Strength. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:18562-18569. [PMID: 32227879 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To build high-performance thermoelectric (TE) devices for power generation, a suitable diffusion-barrier layer between the electrodes and the TE materials in a TE device is generally required for achieving good interfacial connection with high reliability, high mechanical strength but low electrical and thermal contact resistivities. GeTe-based materials have attracted great attention recently due to their high TE performance in the mid-temperature range, but studies on their TE devices are still limited. Here, we selected the Al66Si34 alloy as a diffusion barrier for GeTe-based TE legs based on the matching test of the coefficient of thermal expansion. The good connection between Al66Si34 and Ge0.9Sb0.1TeB0.01 is realized by the interfacial reaction, where the randomly distributed Al2Te3 and Ge precipitates are formed at the interface of the joint. The as-prepared interfacial electrical contact resistivity can be as low as 20.7 μΩ·cm2 and only slightly increases to 26.1 μΩ·cm2 after 16 days of aging at 500 °C. Moreover, the shear strength of the joints can be as high as 26.6 MPa and unexpectedly increases to 41.7 MPa after 16 days of aging. The thickness of the reaction layer tends to be stabilized after 8 days of aging and nearly does not change after further aging to 16 days, which may be ascribed to the drag effect from Si and the secondary Ge phases. These results demonstrate the great potential of the Al-Si alloy as a diffusion barrier for GeTe-based TE devices with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqin Li
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics, and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Shiyuan Zhao
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics, and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Jiali Chen
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics, and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Cuiping Han
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics, and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Lipeng Hu
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics, and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Fusheng Liu
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics, and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Weiqin Ao
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics, and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics, and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Heping Xie
- Materials Institute of Deep Underground Sciences and Green Energy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Chaohua Zhang
- College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Technology of Ceramics, and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
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Abstract
Cilia and flagella are highly conserved organelles in eukaryotic cells that drive cell movement and act as cell antennae that receive and transmit signals. In addition to receiving and transducing external signals that activate signal cascades, cilia also secrete ciliary ectosomes that send signals to recipient cells, and thereby mediate cell–cell communication. Abnormal ciliary function leads to various ciliopathies, and the precise transport and localization of ciliary membrane proteins are essential for cilium function. This review summarizes current knowledge about the transport processes of ciliary membrane proteins after their synthesis at the endoplasmic reticulum: modification and sorting in the Golgi apparatus, transport through vesicles to the ciliary base, entrance into cilia through the diffusion barrier, and turnover by ectosome secretion. The molecular mechanisms and regulation involved in each step are also discussed. Transport of ciliary membrane proteins is a complex, precise cellular process coordinated among multiple organelles. By systematically analyzing the existing research, we identify topics that should be further investigated to promote progress in this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Long
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiyao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Yoon HH, Song W, Jung S, Kim J, Mo K, Choi G, Jeong HY, Lee JH, Park K. Negative Fermi-Level Pinning Effect of Metal/n-GaAs(001) Junction Induced by a Graphene Interlayer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:47182-47189. [PMID: 31755257 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is demonstrated that the electric dipole layer due to the overlapping of electron wave functions at the metal/graphene contact results in a negative Fermi-level pinning effect on the region of the GaAs surface with low interface-trap density in the metal/graphene/n-GaAs(001) junction. The graphene interlayer plays the role of a diffusion barrier, preventing the atomic intermixing at the interface and preserving the low interface-trap density region. The negative Fermi-level pinning effect is supported by the decrease of the Schottky barrier with the increase of the metal work function. Our work shows that the graphene interlayer can invert the effective work function of the metal between high and low, making it possible to form both Schottky and Ohmic-like contacts with identical (particularly high work function) metal electrodes on a semiconductor substrate possessing low surface-state density.
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Datta P, Hendrickson B, Brendalen S, Ruffcorn A, Seo S. The myosin-tail homology domain of centrosomal protein 290 is essential for protein confinement between the inner and outer segments in photoreceptors. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:19119-19136. [PMID: 31694913 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the centrosomal protein 290 (CEP290) gene cause various ciliopathies involving retinal degeneration. CEP290 proteins localize to the ciliary transition zone and are thought to act as a gatekeeper that controls ciliary protein trafficking. However, precise roles of CEP290 in photoreceptors and pathomechanisms of retinal degeneration in CEP290-associated ciliopathies are not sufficiently understood. Using conditional Cep290 mutant mice, in which the C-terminal myosin-tail homology domain of CEP290 is disrupted after the connecting cilium is assembled, we show that this domain is essential for protein confinement between the inner and the outer segments. Upon disruption of the myosin-tail homology domain, inner segment plasma membrane proteins, including syntaxin 3 (STX3), synaptosome-associated protein 25 (SNAP25), and interphotoreceptor matrix proteoglycan 2 (IMPG2), rapidly accumulated in the outer segment. In contrast, localization of endomembrane proteins was not altered. Trafficking and confinement of most outer segment-resident proteins appeared to be unaffected or only minimally affected in Cep290 mutant mice. One notable exception was rhodopsin (RHO), which severely mislocalized to inner segments during the initial stage of degeneration. Similar mislocalization phenotypes were observed in Cep290rd16 mice. These results suggest that a failure of protein confinement at the connecting cilium and consequent accumulation of inner segment membrane proteins in the outer segment, along with insufficient RHO delivery, is part of the disease mechanisms that cause retinal degeneration in CEP290-associated ciliopathies. Our study provides insights into the pathomechanisms of retinal degenerations associated with compromised ciliary gates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poppy Datta
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.,Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Brandon Hendrickson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.,Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Sarah Brendalen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.,Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Avri Ruffcorn
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.,Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Seongjin Seo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 .,Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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Liu X, Chen H, Tong J, He W, Li X, Liang T, Li Y, Yin W. The Kinetic Behaviors of H Impurities in the Li/Ta Bilayer: Application for the Accelerator-Based BNCT. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:E1107. [PMID: 31382372 PMCID: PMC6722691 DOI: 10.3390/nano9081107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen bubble phenomenon is one of the key issues to be solved in the development of a long-life target system for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). In this study, we assessed the kinetic behaviors of H impurities in the nano-composite target from the atomic level. Firstly, two kinds of Li/Ta nanolayer models were constructed, based on the calculated lattice parameters and surface energies. The H solution energy, diffusion mechanism, and hydrogen bubbles formation in the Li/Ta nanostructured bilayer were studied, through theoretical modeling and simulation. Our results show that the Li/Ta interfaces are effective sinks of H atoms because the H solution energies in the interface are lower. Meanwhile, due to the relatively low diffusion barriers, the large-scale H transport through the interface is possible. In addition, although it is more likely to form hydrogen bubbles in the Ta layer, compared with the Li layer, the anti-blistering ability of Ta is more impressive compared with most of other candidate materials. Therefore, the Ta layer is able to act as the hydrogen absorber in the Li/Ta bilayer, and relieve the hydrogen damage of the Li layer in the large-scale proton radiations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Huaican Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Jianfei Tong
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Wenhao He
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xujing Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianjiao Liang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing 100049, China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Wen Yin
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Beijing 100049, China.
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China.
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Gruart M, Jacopin G, Daudin B. Role of Ga Surface Diffusion in the Elongation Mechanism and Optical Properties of Catalyst-Free GaN Nanowires Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy. Nano Lett 2019; 19:4250-4256. [PMID: 31241343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have shown that both the morphology and elongation mechanism of GaN nanowires homoepitaxially grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE) on a [0001]-oriented GaN nanowire template are strongly affected by the nominal gallium/nitrogen flux ratio as well as by additional Ga flux diffusing from the side walls. Nitrogen-rich growth conditions are found to be associated with a surface energy-driven morphology and reduced Ga diffusion on the (0001) plane. This leads to random nucleation on the (0001) top surface and preferential material accumulation at the periphery. By contrast, gallium-rich growth conditions are characterized by enhanced Ga surface diffusion promoting a kinetically driven morphology. This regime is governed by a potential barrier that limits diffusion from the top surface toward nanowire side walls, leading to a concave nanowire top surface morphology. Switching from one regime to the other can be achieved using the surfactant effect of an additional In flux. The optical properties are found to be strongly affected by growth mode, with point defect incorporation and stacking fault formation depending on gallium/nitrogen flux ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Gruart
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Gwénolé Jacopin
- Institut Néel, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Bruno Daudin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC , F-38000 Grenoble , France
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Bociaga D, Sobczyk-Guzenda A, Komorowski P, Balcerzak J, Jastrzebski K, Przybyszewska K, Kaczmarek A. Surface Characteristics and Biological Evaluation of Si-DLC Coatings Fabricated Using Magnetron Sputtering Method on Ti6Al7Nb Substrate. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:nano9060812. [PMID: 31146416 PMCID: PMC6630968 DOI: 10.3390/nano9060812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings are well known as protective coatings for biomedical applications. Furthermore, the incorporation of different elements, such as silicon (Si), in the carbon matrix changes the bio-functionality of the DLC coatings. This has also been proven by the results obtained in this work. The Si-DLC coatings were deposited on the Ti6Al7Nb alloy, which is commonly used in clinical practice, using the magnetron sputtering method. According to the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, the content of silicon in the examined coatings varied from ~2 at.% up to ~22 at.%. Since the surface characteristics are key factors influencing the cell response, the results of the cells’ proliferation and viability assays (live/dead and XTT (colorimetric assays using tetrazolium salt)) were correlated with the surface properties. The surface free energy (SFE) measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis demonstrated that the polarity and wettability of the surfaces examined increase with increasing Si concentration, and therefore the adhesion and proliferation of cells was enhanced. The results obtained revealed that the biocompatibility of Si-doped DLC coatings, regardless of the Si content, remains at a very high level (the observed viability of endothelial cells is above 70%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Bociaga
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 1/15 Stefanowskiego St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna Sobczyk-Guzenda
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 1/15 Stefanowskiego St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Piotr Komorowski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 1/15 Stefanowskiego St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
- Bionanopark Ltd., Molecular and Nanostructural Biophysics Laboratory, 114/116 Dubois St., 93-465 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jacek Balcerzak
- Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Department of Molecular Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 213 Wolczanska St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Jastrzebski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 1/15 Stefanowskiego St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Karolina Przybyszewska
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 1/15 Stefanowskiego St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna Kaczmarek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 1/15 Stefanowskiego St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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Teirlinck E, Barras A, Liu J, Fraire JC, Lajunen T, Xiong R, Forier K, Li C, Urtti A, Boukherroub R, Szunerits S, De Smedt SC, Coenye T, Braeckmans K. Exploring Light-Sensitive Nanocarriers for Simultaneous Triggered Antibiotic Release and Disruption of Biofilms Upon Generation of Laser-Induced Vapor Nanobubbles. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E201. [PMID: 31052369 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11050201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired penetration of antibiotics through bacterial biofilms is one of the reasons for failure of antimicrobial therapy. Hindered drug diffusion is caused on the one hand by interactions with the sticky biofilm matrix and on the other hand by the fact that bacterial cells are organized in densely packed clusters of cells. Binding interactions with the biofilm matrix can be avoided by encapsulating the antibiotics into nanocarriers, while interfering with the integrity of the dense cell clusters can enhance drug transport deep into the biofilm. Vapor nanobubbles (VNB), generated from laser irradiated nanoparticles, are a recently reported effective way to loosen up the biofilm structure in order to enhance drug transport and efficacy. In the present study, we explored if the disruptive force of VNB can be used simultaneously to interfere with the biofilm structure and trigger antibiotic release from light-responsive nanocarriers. The antibiotic tobramycin was incorporated in two types of light-responsive nanocarriers-liposomes functionalized with gold nanoparticles (Lip-AuNP) and graphene quantum dots (GQD)-and their efficacy was evaluated on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Even though the anti-biofilm efficacy of tobramycin was improved by liposomal encapsulation, electrostatic functionalization with 70 nm AuNP unfortunately resulted in premature leakage of tobramycin in a matter of hours. Laser-irradiation consequently did not further improve P. aeruginosa biofilm eradication. Adsorption of tobramycin to GQD, on the other hand, did result in a stable formulation with high encapsulation efficiency, without burst release of tobramycin from the nanocarriers. However, even though laser-induced VNB formation from GQD resulted in biofilm disruption, an enhanced anti-biofilm effect was not achieved due to tobramycin not being efficiently released from GQD. Even though this study was unsuccessful in designing suitable nanocarriers for simultaneous biofilm disruption and light-triggered release of tobramycin, it provides insights into the difficulties and challenges that need to be considered for future developments in this regard.
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Berhin A, de Bellis D, Franke RB, Buono RA, Nowack MK, Nawrath C. The Root Cap Cuticle: A Cell Wall Structure for Seedling Establishment and Lateral Root Formation. Cell 2019; 176:1367-1378.e8. [PMID: 30773319 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The root cap surrounding the tip of plant roots is thought to protect the delicate stem cells in the root meristem. We discovered that the first layer of root cap cells is covered by an electron-opaque cell wall modification resembling a plant cuticle. Cuticles are polyester-based protective structures considered exclusive to aerial plant organs. Mutations in cutin biosynthesis genes affect the composition and ultrastructure of this cuticular structure, confirming its cutin-like characteristics. Strikingly, targeted degradation of the root cap cuticle causes a hypersensitivity to abiotic stresses during seedling establishment. Furthermore, lateral root primordia also display a cuticle that, when defective, causes delayed outgrowth and organ deformations, suggesting that it facilitates lateral root emergence. Our results show that the previously unrecognized root cap cuticle protects the root meristem during the critical phase of seedling establishment and promotes the efficient formation of lateral roots.
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Vitale A, Murad H, Abdelhafiz A, Buntin P, Alamgir FM. Sandwiched Graphene Inter diffusion Barrier for Preserving Au@Pt Atomically Thin Core@Shell Structure and the Resulting Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalytic Activity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:1026-1032. [PMID: 30511825 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The concept of a core-shell metallic structures, with a few atomic layers of the "shell" metal delineated from the "core" metal with atomic sharpness opens the door to a multitude of surface-driven materials properties that can be tuned. However, in practice, such architectures are difficult to retain due to the entropic cost of a segregated near-surface architecture, and the core and surface atoms inevitably mix through interdiffusion over time. We present here a systematic study of interdiffusion in a Pt on Au core-shell architecture and the role of an interrupting single layer of graphene sandwiched between them. The physical and chemical structure of the (near)surface is probed via mean-free-path tuned X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and electrochemistry (the oxygen reduction reaction, ORR). We find that at operating temperatures above 100 °C, there is potential for interdiffusion to occur between the primary and support metals of the core-shell catalyst system, which can diminish the catalyst activity toward ORR. The introduction of a single-layer graphene, as an interface between the core and shell metal layers, acts as a barrier that prevents unwanted surface alloying between the layered metals. HRTEM imaging shows that fully wetted Pt monolayers can be grown on a graphene template, allowing a high level of surface utilization of the catalyst material. We present how the use of graphene as a barrier to diffusion mitigates the loss of surface catalytic sites, showing much improved retention of Pt monolayer surface at elevated temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Vitale
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , 771 Ferst Drive , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Hind Murad
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , 771 Ferst Drive , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Jadreya , University of Baghdad , Baghdad , Iraq
| | - Ali Abdelhafiz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , 771 Ferst Drive , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Parker Buntin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , 771 Ferst Drive , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Faisal M Alamgir
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , 771 Ferst Drive , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
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Freeman SA, Vega A, Riedl M, Collins RF, Ostrowski PP, Woods EC, Bertozzi CR, Tammi MI, Lidke DS, Johnson P, Mayor S, Jaqaman K, Grinstein S. Transmembrane Pickets Connect Cyto- and Pericellular Skeletons Forming Barriers to Receptor Engagement. Cell 2018; 172:305-317.e10. [PMID: 29328918 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Phagocytic receptors must diffuse laterally to become activated upon clustering by multivalent targets. Receptor diffusion, however, can be obstructed by transmembrane proteins ("pickets") that are immobilized by interacting with the cortical cytoskeleton. The molecular identity of these pickets and their role in phagocytosis have not been defined. We used single-molecule tracking to study the interaction between Fcγ receptors and CD44, an abundant transmembrane protein capable of indirect association with F-actin, hence likely to serve as a picket. CD44 tethers reversibly to formin-induced actin filaments, curtailing receptor diffusion. Such linear filaments predominate in the trailing end of polarized macrophages, where receptor mobility was minimal. Conversely, receptors were most mobile at the leading edge, where Arp2/3-driven actin branching predominates. CD44 binds hyaluronan, anchoring a pericellular coat that also limits receptor displacement and obstructs access to phagocytic targets. Force must be applied to traverse the pericellular barrier, enabling receptors to engage their targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer A Freeman
- Program in Cell Biology, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Anthony Vega
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Magdalena Riedl
- Program in Cell Biology, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Richard F Collins
- Program in Cell Biology, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Phillip P Ostrowski
- Program in Cell Biology, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Elliot C Woods
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Markku I Tammi
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Diane S Lidke
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Facility, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Pauline Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Satyajit Mayor
- Cellular Organization and Signaling, National Centre for Biological Science, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560 065, India
| | - Khuloud Jaqaman
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sergio Grinstein
- Program in Cell Biology, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5C 1N8, Canada.
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Karasu F, Müller L, Ridaoui H, Ibn ElHaj M, Flodberg G, Aulin C, Axrup L, Leterrier Y. Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Planarization and Water Vapor Barrier Coatings on Cellulose Nanofibrils Substrates. Front Chem 2018; 6:571. [PMID: 30525026 PMCID: PMC6262297 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) can be produced in the form of thin, transparent and flexible films. However, the permeability of such materials to oxygen and water vapor is very sensitive to moisture, which limits their potential for a variety of packaging and encapsulation applications. Diffusion barrier coatings were thus developed to reduce the access of water molecules to enzymatically pre-treated and carboxymethylated CNF substrates. The coatings were based on UV curable organic-inorganic hybrids with epoxy, tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethylenesilane (GPTS) precursors and additional vapor formed SiNx layers. A total of 14 monolayer and multilayer coatings with various thickness and hybrid composition were produced and analyzed. The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of the bilayer epoxy/CNF film was two times lower compared to that of uncoated CNF film. This was partly due to the water vapor permeability of the epoxy, a factor of two times lower than CNF. The epoxy coating improved the transparency of CNF, however it did not properly wet to the CNF surfaces and the interfacial adhesion was low. In contrast hybrid epoxy-silica coatings led to high adhesion levels owing to the formation of covalent interactions through condensation reactions with the OH-terminated CNF surface. The barrier and optical performance of hybrid coated CNF substrates was similar to that of CNF coated with pure epoxy. In addition, the hybrid coatings provided an excellent planarization effect, with roughness close to 1 nm, one to two orders of magnitude lower than that of the CNF substrates. The WVTR and oxygen transmission rate values of the hybrid coated CNF laminates were in the range 5–10 g/m2/day (at 38°C and 50% RH) and 3–6 cm3/m2/day/bar (at 23°C and 70% RH), respectively, which matches food and pharmaceutical packaging requirements. The permeability to water vapor of the hybrid coatings was moreover found to decrease with increasing the TEOS/GPTS ratio up to 30 wt% and then increase at higher ratio, and to be much lower for thinner coatings due to further UV-induced silanol condensation and faster evaporation of byproducts. The addition of a single 150 nm thick SiNx layer on the hybrid coated CNF improved its water vapor barrier performance by more than 680 times, with WVTR below the 0.02 g/m2/day detection limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feyza Karasu
- Laboratory for Processing of Advanced Composites (LPAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Müller
- Laboratory for Processing of Advanced Composites (LPAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Lars Axrup
- Stora Enso Karlstad Research Centre, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Yves Leterrier
- Laboratory for Processing of Advanced Composites (LPAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Marquardt J, Chen X, Bi E. Architecture, remodeling, and functions of the septin cytoskeleton. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2018; 76:7-14. [PMID: 29979831 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The septin family of proteins has fascinated cell biologists for decades due to the elaborate architecture they adopt in different eukaryotic cells. Whether they exist as rings, collars, or gauzes in different cell types and at different times in the cell cycle illustrates a complex series of regulation in structure. While the organization of different septin structures at the cortex of different cell types during the cell cycle has been described to various degrees, the exact structure and regulation at the filament level are still largely unknown. Recent advances in fluorescent and electron microscopy, as well as work in septin biochemistry, have allowed new insights into the aspects of septin architecture, remodeling, and function in many cell types. This mini-review highlights many of the recent findings with an emphasis on the budding yeast model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Marquardt
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Erfei Bi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Putkonen M, Sippola P, Svärd L, Sajavaara T, Vartiainen J, Buchanan I, Forsström U, Simell P, Tammelin T. Low-temperature atomic layer deposition of SiO 2/Al 2O 3 multilayer structures constructed on self-standing films of cellulose nanofibrils. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2018; 376:rsta.2017.0037. [PMID: 29277735 PMCID: PMC5746552 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we have optimized a low-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) of SiO2 using AP-LTO® 330 and ozone (O3) as precursors, and demonstrated its suitability to surface-modify temperature-sensitive bio-based films of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). The lowest temperature for the thermal ALD process was 80°C when the silicon precursor residence time was increased by the stop-flow mode. The SiO2 film deposition rate was dependent on the temperature varying within 1.5-2.2 Å cycle-1 in the temperature range of 80-350°C, respectively. The low-temperature SiO2 process that resulted was combined with the conventional trimethyl aluminium + H2O process in order to prepare thin multilayer nanolaminates on self-standing CNF films. One to six stacks of SiO2/Al2O3 were deposited on the CNF films, with individual layer thicknesses of 3.7 nm and 2.6 nm, respectively, combined with a 5 nm protective SiO2 layer as the top layer. The performance of the multilayer hybrid nanolaminate structures was evaluated with respect to the oxygen and water vapour transmission rates. Six stacks of SiO2/Al2O with a total thickness of approximately 35 nm efficiently prevented oxygen and water molecules from interacting with the CNF film. The oxygen transmission rates analysed at 80% RH decreased from the value for plain CNF film of 130 ml m-2 d-1 to 0.15 ml m-2 d-1, whereas the water transmission rates lowered from 630 ± 50 g m-2 d-1 down to 90 ± 40 g m-2 d-1This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'New horizons for cellulose nanotechnology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti Putkonen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, PO Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
| | - Perttu Sippola
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Laura Svärd
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, PO Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
| | - Timo Sajavaara
- Department of Physics, University of Jyvaskyla, PO Box 35 (YFL), 40014 University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Jari Vartiainen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, PO Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
| | - Iain Buchanan
- Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., 7201 Hamilton Boulevard, Allentown, PA 18195, USA
| | - Ulla Forsström
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, PO Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
| | - Pekka Simell
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, PO Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tekla Tammelin
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, PO Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
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Yang Z, Zhao S, Pan Y, Wang X, Liu H, Wang Q, Zhang Z, Deng B, Guo C, Shi X. Atomistic Insights into FeF 3 Nanosheet: An Ultrahigh-Rate and Long-Life Cathode Material for Li-Ion Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:3142-3151. [PMID: 29286642 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b17127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron fluoride with high operating voltage and theoretical energy density has been proposed as a high-performance cathode material for Li-ion batteries. However, the inertness of pristine bulk FeF3 results in poor Li kinetics and cycling life. Developing nanosheet-based electrode materials is a feasible strategy to solve these problems. Herein, on the basis of first-principles calculations, first the stability of FeF3 (012) nanosheet with different atomic terminations under different environmental conditions was systematically studied, then the Li-ion adsorption and diffusion kinetics were thoroughly probed, and finally the voltages for different Li concentrations were given. We found that F-terminated nanosheet is energetically favorable in a wide range of chemical potential, which provide a vehicle for lithium ion diffusion. Our Li-ion adsorption and diffusion kinetics study revealed that (1) the formation of Li dimer is the most preferred, (2) the Li diffusion energy barrier of Li dimer is lower than isolated Li atom (0.17 eV for Li dimer vs 0.22 eV for Li atom), and (3) the diffusion coefficient of Li is 1.06 × 10-6 cm2·s-1, which is orders of magnitude greater than that of Li diffusion in bulk FeF3 (10-13-10-11 cm2·s-1). Thus, FeF3 nanosheet can act as an ultrahigh-rate cathode material for Li-ion batteries. More importantly, the calculated voltage and specific capacity of Li on the FeF3 (012) nanosheet demonstrate that it has a much more stable voltage profile than bulk FeF3 for a wide range of Li concentration. So, few layers FeF3 nanosheet provides the desired long-life energy density in Li-ion batteries. These above findings in the current study shed new light on the design of ultrahigh-rate and long-life FeF3 cathode material for Li-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Design and Preparation Technology of Hunan Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials & Application Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Shu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Design and Preparation Technology of Hunan Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials & Application Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Yanjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Materials Design and Preparation Technology of Hunan Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials & Application Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Xianyou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion, School of Chemistry, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Hanghui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Design and Preparation Technology of Hunan Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials & Application Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Design and Preparation Technology of Hunan Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials & Application Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Zhijuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Design and Preparation Technology of Hunan Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials & Application Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
| | - Bei Deng
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chunsheng Guo
- Superconductivity and New Energy R & D Center, Southwest Jiaotong University , Mail Stop 165, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xingqiang Shi
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055, China
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Abbate M, D'Orazio L. Water Diffusion through a Titanium Dioxide/Poly(Carbonate Urethane) Nanocomposite for Protecting Cultural Heritage: Interactions and Viscoelastic Behavior. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2017; 7:nano7090271. [PMID: 28902179 PMCID: PMC5618382 DOI: 10.3390/nano7090271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Water diffusion through a TiO2/poly (carbonate urethane) nanocomposite designed for the eco-sustainable protection of outdoor cultural heritage stonework was investigated. Water is recognized as a threat to heritage, hence the aim was to gather information on the amount of water uptake, as well as of species of water molecules absorbed within the polymer matrix. Gravimetric and vibrational spectroscopy measurements demonstrated that diffusion behavior of the nanocomposite/water system is Fickian, i.e., diffusivity is independent of concentration. The addition of only 1% of TiO2 nanoparticles strongly betters PU barrier properties and water-repellency requirement is imparted. Defensive action against penetration of water free from, and bonded through, H-bonding association arises from balance among TiO2 hydrophilicity, tortuosity effects and quality of nanoparticle dispersion and interfacial interactions. Further beneficial to antisoiling/antigraffiti action is that water-free fraction was found to be desorbed at a constant rate. In environmental conditions, under which weathering processes are most likely to occur, nanocomposite Tg values remain suitable for heritage treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Abbate
- Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, Fabbricato 70, 80078 Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy.
| | - Loredana D'Orazio
- Istituto per i Polimeri, Compositi e Biomateriali, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, Fabbricato 70, 80078 Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy.
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Feng D, Bai B, Wang H, Suo Y. Novel Fabrication of Biodegradable Superabsorbent Microspheres with Diffusion Barrier through Thermo-Chemical Modification and Their Potential Agriculture Applications for Water Holding and Sustained Release of Fertilizer. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:5896-5907. [PMID: 28671846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Synergistic utilization of water and fertilizer has vital contribution to the modern production of agriculture. This work reports on a simple and facile strategy to prepare biodegradable yeast/sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) superabsorbent microspheres with a diffusion barrier merit by thermo-chemical modification route. The integrated performances, including water absorbency, water retention, water evaporation ratio, leaching loss control, sustained-release behaviors, and degradation in soil, were systematically investigated. The results revealed that the modified microspheres were a triumphant water and fertilizer manager to effectively hold water and control the unexpected leakage of fertilizer for sustained release. Therefore, this work provides a promising approach to ameliorate the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer in potential agriculture applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diejing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering, The Ministry of Land and Resources of China , Xi'an 710075, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University , Xi'an 710054, P.R. China
| | - Bo Bai
- Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering, The Ministry of Land and Resources of China , Xi'an 710075, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University , Xi'an 710054, P.R. China
| | - Honglun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University , Xining 810016, P.R. China
| | - Yourui Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University , Xining 810016, P.R. China
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Simunovic M, Manneville JB, Renard HF, Evergren E, Raghunathan K, Bhatia D, Kenworthy AK, Voth GA, Prost J, McMahon HT, Johannes L, Bassereau P, Callan-Jones A. Friction Mediates Scission of Tubular Membranes Scaffolded by BAR Proteins. Cell 2017. [PMID: 28648660 PMCID: PMC5576516 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Membrane scission is essential for intracellular trafficking. While BAR domain proteins such as endophilin have been reported in dynamin-independent scission of tubular membrane necks, the cutting mechanism has yet to be deciphered. Here, we combine a theoretical model, in vitro, and in vivo experiments revealing how protein scaffolds may cut tubular membranes. We demonstrate that the protein scaffold bound to the underlying tube creates a frictional barrier for lipid diffusion; tube elongation thus builds local membrane tension until the membrane undergoes scission through lysis. We call this mechanism friction-driven scission (FDS). In cells, motors pull tubes, particularly during endocytosis. Through reconstitution, we show that motors not only can pull out and extend protein-scaffolded tubes but also can cut them by FDS. FDS is generic, operating even in the absence of amphipathic helices in the BAR domain, and could in principle apply to any high-friction protein and membrane assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijo Simunovic
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR168, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France; Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 5735 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jean-Baptiste Manneville
- Subcellular Structure and Cellular Dynamics Unit, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR144, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Henri-François Renard
- Chemical Biology of Membranes and Therapeutic Delivery Unit, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Emma Evergren
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Krishnan Raghunathan
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, 718 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Chemical Biology of Membranes and Therapeutic Delivery Unit, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Anne K Kenworthy
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, 718 Light Hall, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Gregory A Voth
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 5735 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jacques Prost
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR168, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France; Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Harvey T McMahon
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Ludger Johannes
- Chemical Biology of Membranes and Therapeutic Delivery Unit, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Patricia Bassereau
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR168, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Andrew Callan-Jones
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS UMR7057, 75205 Paris, France.
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50
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Abstract
Septins are a family of GTP-binding proteins that associate with cellular membranes and the cytoskeleton. Their ability to polymerize into filamentous structures permits them to serve as diffusion barriers for membrane proteins and as multi-molecular scaffolds that recruit components of signaling pathways. At the cellular level, septins contribute to the regulation of numerous processes, including cytokinesis, cell polarity, cell migration, and many others. In this review, we discuss emerging evidence for roles of mammalian septins in the biogenesis and function of flagella and cilia, and how this may impact human diseases such as ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliva Palander
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maha El-Zeiry
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada
| | - William S Trimble
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of TorontoToronto, ON, Canada
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