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Veth TS, Nouwen LV, Zwaagstra M, Lyoo H, Wierenga KA, Westendorp B, Altelaar MAFM, Berkers C, van Kuppeveld FJM, Heck AJR. Assessment of Kinome-Wide Activity Remodeling upon Picornavirus Infection. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100757. [PMID: 38556169 PMCID: PMC11067349 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Picornaviridae represent a large family of single-stranded positive RNA viruses of which different members can infect both humans and animals. These include the enteroviruses (e.g., poliovirus, coxsackievirus, and rhinoviruses) as well as the cardioviruses (e.g., encephalomyocarditis virus). Picornaviruses have evolved to interact with, use, and/or evade cellular host systems to create the optimal environment for replication and spreading. It is known that viruses modify kinase activity during infection, but a proteome-wide overview of the (de)regulation of cellular kinases during picornavirus infection is lacking. To study the kinase activity landscape during picornavirus infection, we here applied dedicated targeted mass spectrometry-based assays covering ∼40% of the human kinome. Our data show that upon infection, kinases of the MAPK pathways become activated (e.g., ERK1/2, RSK1/2, JNK1/2/3, and p38), while kinases involved in regulating the cell cycle (e.g., CDK1/2, GWL, and DYRK3) become inactivated. Additionally, we observed the activation of CHK2, an important kinase involved in the DNA damage response. Using pharmacological kinase inhibitors, we demonstrate that several of these activated kinases are essential for the replication of encephalomyocarditis virus. Altogether, the data provide a quantitative understanding of the regulation of kinome activity induced by picornavirus infection, providing a resource important for developing novel antiviral therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim S Veth
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke V Nouwen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Zwaagstra
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Heyrhyoung Lyoo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kathryn A Wierenga
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Westendorp
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten A F M Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Celia Berkers
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J M van Kuppeveld
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J R Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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2
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Khezri MR, Mohammadipanah S, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. The pharmacological effects of Berberine and its therapeutic potential in different diseases: Role of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2024; 38:349-367. [PMID: 37922566 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway plays a central role in cell growth and survival and is disturbed in various pathologies. The PI3K is a kinase that generates phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PI (3-5) P3), as a second messenger responsible for the translocation of AKT to the plasma membrane and its activation. However, due to the crucial role of the PI3K/AKT pathway in regulation of cell survival processes, it has been introduced as a main therapeutic target for natural compounds during the progression of different pathologies. Berberine, a plant-derived isoquinone alkaloid, is known because of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antitumor properties. The effect of this natural compound on cell survival processes has been shown to be mediated by modulation of the intracellular pathways. However, the effects of this natural compound on the PI3K/AKT pathway in various pathologies have not been reviewed so far. Therefore, this paper aims to review the PI3K/AKT-mediated effects of Berberine in different types of cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, and central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafi Khezri
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Research Center for Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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3
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Cui Y, Zhang L, Hu D, Yang Y. Berberine Inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Replication in HEK293T Cells. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7137401. [PMID: 36276998 PMCID: PMC9586773 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7137401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Berberine exhibits polytrophic medicinal roles in various diseases and is safe and effective. However, its role and the underlying mechanism in the replication of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) remain unreported. This research aimed to determine the functional mechanisms of berberine on HSV-1 infection. We determined the CC50 (405.11 ± 15.67 μM) and IC50 (45.6 ± 6.84 μM) of berberine on HEK293T cells infected with HSV-1. Berberine inhibited the transcription and translation of HSV-1 activity-related genes (gD, ICP-4, ICP-5, and ICP-8) in HSV-1-infected HEK293T cells dose-dependently. Berberine also inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPK proteins (JNK and p38) and inflammatory responses induced by HSV-1 infection in HEK293T cells dose-dependently. In conclusion, berberine attenuates HSV-1 replication through its activity, infective ability, and inflammatory response. Our research indicated that berberine may be a candidate drug for HSV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Cui
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
- Beijing Yanqing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing 102100, China
| | - Liangjun Zhang
- Beijing Yanqing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing 102100, China
| | - Dandong Hu
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
- Beijing Yanqing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing 102100, China
- Beijing Yanqing Market Supervision Inspection and Testing Monitoring Center, Beijing 102100, China
| | - Yingli Yang
- School of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
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4
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Enayati A, Banach M, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Protective role of nutraceuticals against myocarditis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112242. [PMID: 34953630 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium that mostly affects young adults. The disease is commonly caused by viral infection, medications, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory conditions. Nearly 50% of the cases of myocarditis are due to post-viral immune response in a setting of an identifiable or non-identifiable infection. The clinical manifestation is nonspecific ranging from asymptomatic courses to sudden death in infants and young patients. This review describes the properties of phytochemicals as plant-derived active ingredients which can be used in the prevention and treatment of myocarditis and its associated risk factors. Meanwhile, it has illustrated epidemiological analyses, mechanism of action, and the metabolism of phytochemicals in animal and human clinical trials. We also mentioned the precise mechanism of action by which phytochemicals elicit their anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects and how they regulate signal transduction pathways. Nevertheless, comprehensive clinical trials are required to study the properties of phytochemicals in vivo, in vitro, and in silico for a proper management of myocarditis. Our findings indicate that phytochemicals function as potent adjunctive therapeutic drugs in myocarditis and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesheh Enayati
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland.
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Herold R, Scholtysik R, Moroniak S, Weiss C, Ishikawa H, Schroten H, Schwerk C. Capsule-dependent impact of MAPK signalling on host cell invasion and immune response during infection of the choroid plexus epithelium by Neisseria meningitidis. Fluids Barriers CNS 2021; 18:53. [PMID: 34863201 PMCID: PMC8643193 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-021-00288-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Gram-negative bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) can cause meningitis in humans, but the host signalling pathways manipulated by Nm during central nervous system (CNS) entry are not completely understood. Methods We investigate the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) Erk1/2 and p38 in an in vitro model of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) based on human epithelial choroid plexus (CP) papilloma (HIBCPP) cells during infection with Nm serogroup B (NmB) and serogroup C (NmC) strains. A transcriptome analysis of HIBCPP cells following infection with Nm by massive analysis of cDNA ends (MACE) was done to further characterize the cellular response to infection of the barrier. Results Interestingly, whereas NmB and NmC wild type strains required active Erk1/2 and p38 pathways for infection, invasion by capsule-deficient mutants was independent of Erk1/2 and, in case of the NmB strain, of p38 activity. The transcriptome analysis of HIBCPP cells following infection with Nm demonstrated specific regulation of genes involved in the immune response dependent on Erk1/2 signalling. Gene ontology (GO) analysis confirmed loss of MAPK signalling after Erk1/2 inhibition and revealed an additional reduction of cellular responses including NFκB and JAK-STAT signalling. Interestingly, GO terms related to TNF signalling and production of IL6 were lost specifically following Erk1/2 inhibition during infection with wild type Nm, which correlated with the reduced infection rates by the wild type in absence of Erk1/2 signalling. Conclusion Our data point towards a role of MAPK signalling during infection of the CP epithelium by Nm, which is strongly influenced by capsule expression, and affects infection rates as well as the host cell response. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12987-021-00288-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Herold
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - René Scholtysik
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Facility, Institute of Cell Biology, University Hospital Essen, Virchowstraße 173, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Selina Moroniak
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
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6
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Shi H, Yu Y, Wang Y, Liu X, Yu Y, Li M, Zou Y, Chen R, Ge J. Inhibition of Calpain Alleviates Apoptosis in Coxsackievirus B3-induced Acute Virus Myocarditis Through Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int Heart J 2021; 62:900-909. [PMID: 34234076 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.20-803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Virus myocarditis (VMC) is a common cardiovascular disease and a major cause of sudden death in young adults. However, there is still a lack of effective treatments. Our previous studies found that calpain activation was involved in VMC pathogenesis. This study aims to explore the underlying mechanisms further. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and transgenic mice overexpressing calpastatin (Tg-CAST), the endogenous calpain inhibitor, were used to establish VMC model. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining revealed inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis. An ELISA array detected myocardial injury. Cardiac function was measured using echocardiography. CVB3 replication was assessed by capsid protein VP1. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL staining, flow cytometry, and western blot. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins were detected by western blot. Our data showed that CVB3 infection resulted in cardiac injury, as evidenced by increased inflammatory responses and fibrosis, which induced myocardial apoptosis. Inhibiting calpain, both by PD150606 and calpastatin overexpression, could attenuate these effects. Furthermore, ER stress was activated during CVB3 infection. However, calpain inhibition could downregulate some ER stress-associated protein levels such as GRP78, pancreatic ER kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), and inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE-1α), and ER stress-related apoptotic factors, during CVB3 infection. In conclusion, calpain inhibition attenuated CVB3-induced myocarditis by suppressing ER stress, thereby inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of General Practice, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Yong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Ruizhen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
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7
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Dai Q, He X, Yu H, Bai Y, Jiang L, Sheng H, Peng J, Wang M, Yu J, Zhang K. Berberine impairs coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis through the inhibition of virus replication and host pro-inflammatory response. J Med Virol 2021; 93:3581-3589. [PMID: 33336842 PMCID: PMC8247049 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Rhizoma coptidis, is reported to possess antiviral activity. Our previous study has shown that BBR alleviates coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) replication in HeLa cells. However, the anti-CVB3 activity of BBR is still unclear in vivo. In this study, we explored the effect of BBR on CVB3-induced viral myocarditis in mice. These results demonstrated the beneficial effect of BBR on alleviating CVB3-induced myocarditis in vivo, which sheds new light on the utility of BBR as a therapeutic strategy against CVB3-induced viral myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Dai
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Xiaomei He
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Hua Yu
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Ying Bai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Lu Jiang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Halei Sheng
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Jin Peng
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Maolin Wang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of Outpatient, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Kebin Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)ChongqingChina
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8
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Cai Y, Xin Q, Lu J, Miao Y, Lin Q, Cong W, Chen K. A New Therapeutic Candidate for Cardiovascular Diseases: Berberine. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:631100. [PMID: 33815112 PMCID: PMC8010184 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.631100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in the world. However, due to the limited effectiveness and potential adverse effects of current treatments, the long-term prognosis of CVD patients is still discouraging. In recent years, several studies have found that berberine (BBR) has broad application prospects in the prevention and treatment of CVD. Due to its effectiveness and safety for gastroenteritis and diarrhea caused by bacterial infections, BBR has been widely used in China and other Asian countries since the middle of the last century. The development of pharmacology also provides evidence for the multi-targets of BBR in treating CVD. Researches on CVD, such as arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis and cardiomyopathy, heart failure, etc., revealed the cardiovascular protective mechanisms of BBR. This review systematically summarizes the pharmacological research progress of BBR in the treatment of CVD in recent years, confirming that BBR is a promising therapeutic option for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Cai
- Doctoral Candidate, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Xin
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjin Lu
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Miao
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Cong
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Keji Chen
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
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9
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The roles of signaling pathways in SARS-CoV-2 infection; lessons learned from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Arch Virol 2021; 166:675-696. [PMID: 33462671 PMCID: PMC7812983 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-04958-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The number of descriptions of emerging viruses has grown at an unprecedented rate since the beginning of the 21st century. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is the third highly pathogenic coronavirus that has introduced itself into the human population in the current era, after SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Molecular and cellular studies of the pathogenesis of this novel coronavirus are still in the early stages of research; however, based on similarities of SARS-CoV-2 to other coronaviruses, it can be hypothesized that the NF-κB, cytokine regulation, ERK, and TNF-α signaling pathways are the likely causes of inflammation at the onset of COVID-19. Several drugs have been prescribed and used to alleviate the adverse effects of these inflammatory cellular signaling pathways, and these might be beneficial for developing novel therapeutic modalities against COVID-19. In this review, we briefly summarize alterations of cellular signaling pathways that are associated with coronavirus infection, particularly SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and tabulate the therapeutic agents that are currently approved for treating other human diseases.
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10
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Martini D, Pucci C, Gabellini C, Pellegrino M, Andreazzoli M. Exposure to the natural alkaloid Berberine affects cardiovascular system morphogenesis and functionality during zebrafish development. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17358. [PMID: 33060638 PMCID: PMC7566475 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant-derived natural alkaloid berberine displays therapeutic potential to treat several pathological conditions, including dyslipidemias, diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. However, data on berberine effects during embryonic development are scarce and in part controversial. In this study, using zebrafish embryos as vertebrate experimental model, we address the effects of berberine treatment on cardiovascular system development and functionality. Starting from the observation that berberine induces developmental toxicity and pericardial edema in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, we found that treated embryos display cardiac looping defects and, at later stages, present an abnormal heart characterized by a stretched morphology and atrial endocardial/myocardial detachment. Furthermore, berberine affected cardiac functionality of the embryos, promoting bradycardia and reducing the cardiac output, the atrial shortening fraction percentage and the atrial stroke volume. We also found that, during development, berberine interferes with the angiogenic process, without altering vascular permeability. These alterations are associated with increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor aa (vegfaa) mRNA, suggesting an important role for Vegfaa as mediator of berberine-induced cardiovascular defects. Altogether, these data indicate that berberine treatment during vertebrate development leads to an impairment of cardiovascular system morphogenesis and functionality, suggesting a note of caution in its use during pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Martini
- Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, SS12 Abetone e Brennero, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Pucci
- Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, SS12 Abetone e Brennero, 56127, Pisa, Italy.,Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Genomic Medicine, Catholic University, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Gabellini
- Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, SS12 Abetone e Brennero, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Pellegrino
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Andreazzoli
- Cell and Developmental Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, SS12 Abetone e Brennero, 56127, Pisa, Italy. .,Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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11
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Wang L, Deng L, Lin N, Shi Y, Chen J, Zhou Y, Chen D, Liu S, Li C. Berberine inhibits proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by mechanical stretch via the PDI/ERS and MAPK pathways. Life Sci 2020; 259:118253. [PMID: 32795536 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We recently demonstrated that mechanical stretch increases the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by activating the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) redox system, thus accelerating atherosclerotic lesion formation in the transplanted vein. At present, there are no efficient intervention measures to prevent this phenomenon. Berberine inhibits pathological vascular remodeling caused by hypertension, but the underlying mechanism is controversial. Herein, we investigate the role of berberine and the underlying mechanism of its effects on mechanical stretch-induced VSMC proliferation and apoptosis. MAIN METHODS Mouse VSMCs cultivated on flexible membranes were pretreated for 1 h with one of the following substances: berberine, PDI inhibitor bacitracin, MAPK inhibitors, or ERS inhibitor 4-PBA. VSMCs were then subjected to mechanical stretch. Immunofluorescence and western blot were used to detect proliferation and apoptosis, as well as to analyze signaling pathways in VSMCs. KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that berberine inhibits the PDI-endoplasmic reticulum stress system, thereby attenuating the simultaneous increase of VSMC proliferation and apoptosis in response to mechanical stretch. Interestingly, MAPK inhibitors PD98059, SP600125, and SB202190 significantly reduced the activation of ERS signaling cascades, and their combination with berberine had additive effects. The ERS inhibitor 4-PBA reduced PDI activation and ERS signaling, but not MAPK phosphorylation. Moreover, caspase-3 and caspase-12 were downregulated by berberine. SIGNIFICANCE These results illustrate a novel mechanism of action of berberine that has practical implications. Our data provide important insights for the prevention and treatment of vascular remodeling and diseases caused by mechanical stretching during hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linli Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Lie Deng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Ning Lin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Dadi Chen
- Experimental Center for Basic Medical Teaching, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Shuying Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China.
| | - Chaohong Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China.
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12
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Abstract
Alphaviruses are enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses that can cause serious human illnesses such as polyarthritis and encephalitis. Despite their widespread distribution and medical importance, there are no licensed vaccines or antivirals to combat alphavirus infections. Berberine chloride (BBC) is a pan-alphavirus inhibitor that was previously identified in a replicon-based small-molecule screen. This work showed that BBC inhibits alphavirus replication but also suggested that BBC might have additional effects later in the viral life cycle. Here, we show that BBC has late effects that target the virus nucleocapsid (NC) core. Infected cells treated with BBC late in infection were unable to form stable cytoplasmic NCs or assembly intermediates, as assayed by gradient sedimentation. In vitro studies with recombinant capsid protein (Cp) and purified genomic RNA (gRNA) showed that BBC perturbs core-like particle formation and potentially traps the assembly process in intermediate states. Particles produced from BBC-treated cells were less infectious, despite efficient particle production and only minor decreases in genome packaging. In addition, BBC treatment of free virus particles strongly decreased alphavirus infectivity. In contrast, the infectivity of the negative-sense RNA virus vesicular stomatitis virus was resistant to BBC treatment of infected cells or free virus. Together, our data indicate that BBC alters alphavirus Cp-gRNA interactions and oligomerization and suggest that this may cause defects in NC assembly and in disassembly during subsequent virus entry. Thus, BBC may be considered a novel alphavirus NC assembly inhibitor.IMPORTANCE The alphavirus chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an example of an emerging human pathogen with increased and rapid global spread. Although an acute CHIKV infection is rarely fatal, many patients suffer from debilitating chronic arthralgia for years. Antivirals against chikungunya and other alphaviruses have been identified in vitro, but to date none have been shown to be efficacious and have been licensed for human use. Here, we investigated a small molecule, berberine chloride (BBC), and showed that it inhibited infectious virus production by several alphaviruses including CHIKV. BBC acted on a late step in the alphavirus exit pathway, namely the formation of the nucleocapsid containing the infectious viral RNA. Better understanding of nucleocapsid formation and its inhibition by BBC will provide important information on the mechanisms of infectious alphavirus production and may enable their future targeting in antiviral strategies.
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13
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Yanuck SF, Pizzorno J, Messier H, Fitzgerald KN. Evidence Supporting a Phased Immuno-physiological Approach to COVID-19 From Prevention Through Recovery. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2020; 19:8-35. [PMID: 32425712 PMCID: PMC7190003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an evidence-based strategy for improving clinical outcomes in COVID-19. Recommendations are based on the phases of the disease, because optimal interventions for one phase may not be appropriate for a different phase. The four phases addressed are: Prevention, Infection, Inflammation and Recovery. Underlying this phased approach is recognition of emerging evidence for two different components of pathophysiology, early infection and late stage severe complications. These two aspects of the disease suggest two different patterns of clinical emphasis that seem on the surface to be not entirely concordant. We describe the application of therapeutic strategies and appropriate tactics that address four main stages of disease progression for COVID-19. Emerging evidence in COVID-19 suggests that the SARS-CoV-2 virus may both evade the innate immune response and kill macrophages. Delayed innate immune response and a depleted population of macrophages can theoretically result in a blunted antigen presentation, delaying and diminishing activation of the adaptive immune response. Thus, one clinical strategy involves supporting patient innate and adaptive immune responses early in the time course of illness, with the goal of improving the timeliness, readiness, and robustness of both the innate and adaptive immune responses. At the other end of the disease pathology spectrum, risk of fatality in COVID-19 is driven by excessive and persistent upregulation of inflammatory mechanisms associated with cytokine storm. Thus, the second clinical strategy is to prevent or mitigate excessive inflammatory response to prevent the cytokine storm associated with high mortality risk. Clinical support for immune system pathogen clearance mechanisms involves obligate activation of immune response components that are inherently inflammatory. This puts the goals of the first clinical strategy (immune activation) potentially at odds with the goals of the second strategy(mitigation of proinflammatory effects). This creates a need for discernment about the time course of the illness and with that, understanding of which components of an overall strategy to apply at each phase of the time course of the illness. We review evidence from early observational studies and the existing literature on both outcomes and mechanisms of disease, to inform a phased approach to support the patient at risk for infection, with infection, with escalating inflammation during infection, and at risk of negative sequelae as they move into recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- SF Yanuck
- Program on Integrative Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina School of Medicine; Yanuck Center for Life & Health; Cogence Immunology; Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J Pizzorno
- Editor-in-Chief, Integrative Medicine, A Clinicians Journal; Coauthor, Textbook of Natural Medicine; Chair, Board of Directors, Institute for Functional Medicine; Founding President, Bastyr University; Seattle, WA, USA
| | - H Messier
- Medical Director, Altum Medical; Chief Medical Officer, Medical Intelligence Learning Labs; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - KN Fitzgerald
- Clinic Director, Sandy Hook Functional Medicine; Sandy Hook, CT, USA
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14
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Lv H, Zhang S, Hao X. Swainsonine protects H9c2 cells against lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis and inflammatory injury via down-regulating miR-429. Cell Cycle 2019; 19:207-217. [PMID: 31876239 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1706902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric myocarditis (PM) is usually related to myocardial dysfunction. Generally, 30% of PM patients will die or undergo heart transplantation. Swainsonine (SW) is a natural alkaloid and an anti-cancer substance. Our goal was to determine the roles of SW in PM in current study. H9c2 cells were pre-treated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Viability and apoptosis were evaluated utilizing CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. Inflammatory cytokines' mRNA expression and production were assessed by western blot and ELISA. Western blot was utilized to distinguish apoptosis and immune-related factors expression. Sequentially, the abovementioned parameters were reassessed when miR-429 was overexpressed. LPS declined viability as well as raised apoptosis and inflammatory injury in H9c2 cells. SW alleviated apoptosis and inflammatory injury induced by LPS. MiR-429 expression was elevated by LPS and suppressed by SW. SW-induced the increasing of viability and the reduction of inflammatory injury were reversed by overexpression of miR-429. Eventually, SW inhibited p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway which activated by LPS via overexpressing miR-429. SW exerted its anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammatory function in LPS-treated H9c2 cells through p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway and down-regulation of miR-429.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Lv
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Su Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Xiaohong Hao
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
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15
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Zeng QX, Wang HQ, Wei W, Guo TT, Yu L, Wang YX, Li YH, Song DQ. Synthesis and biological evaluation of berberine derivatives as a new class of broad-spectrum antiviral agents against Coxsackievirus B. Bioorg Chem 2019; 95:103490. [PMID: 31855821 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel berberine (BBR) analogues were prepared and tested for their antiviral potencies against six different genotype Coxsackievirus B (CVB1-6) strains, taking BBR core for structural modification. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) research revealed that introduction of a primary amine through a linker at position 3 might be beneficial for both antiviral activity and safety. Compound 14c displayed most promising inhibitory potency with IC50 values of 3.08-9.94 µM against tested CVBs 2-6 strains and satisfactory SI value of 34.3 on CVB3, better than that of BBR. Also, 14c could inhibit CVB3 replication through down-regulating the expression of VP1 protein and VP1 RNA. The mechanism revealed that 14c could suppress host components JNK-MAPK, ERK-MAPK and p38-MAPK activation. Therefore, BBR derivatives were considered to be a new class of anti-CVB agents with an advantage of broad-spectrum anti-CVB potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Xuan Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Qiang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lian Yu
- Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yan-Xiang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Huan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Dan-Qing Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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He F, Xiao Z, Yao H, Li S, Feng M, Wang W, Liu Z, Liu Z, Wu J. The protective role of microRNA-21 against coxsackievirus B3 infection through targeting the MAP2K3/P38 MAPK signaling pathway. J Transl Med 2019; 17:335. [PMID: 31585536 PMCID: PMC6778380 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2077-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway plays an essential role in CVB3-induced diseases. We previously demonstrated microRNA-21 has potential inhibitory effect on the MAP2K3 which locates upstream of P38 MAPK and was upregulated in mouse hearts upon CVB3 infection. However, the effect and underlying mechanism of miRNA-21 on CVB3 infection remain unclear. Methods We detected continuous changes of cellular miRNA-21 and P38 MAPK proteins expression profiling post CVB3 infection in vitro within 12 h. P38 MAPK signaling was inhibited by the specific inhibitor, small interfering RNA and miRNA-21 mimic in vitro, CVB3 replication, cell apoptosis rate and proliferation were detected. Viral load in the mice heart, cardiomyocyte apoptosis rate and histological of the heart were also detected in the mice model of viral myocarditis pretreated with miRNA-21-lentivirus. Results We observed significant upregulation of miRNA-21 expression followed by suppression of the MAP2K3/P38 MAPK signaling in CVB3-infected Hela cells. The inactivation of the MAP2K3/P38 MAPK signaling by P38 MAPK specific inhibitor, small interfering RNA against MAP2K3, or miRNA-21 overexpression significantly inhibited viral progeny release from CVB3-infected cells. Mechanistically, when compared with control miRNA, miRNA-21 showed no effect on capsid protein VP1 expression and viral load within host cells, while significantly reversing CVB3-induced caspase-3 activation and cell apoptosis rate, further promoting proliferation of infected cells, which indicates the inhibitory effect of miRNA-21 on CVB3 progeny release. In the in vivo study, when compared with control miRNA, miRNA-21 pretreatment remarkably inactivated the MAP2K3/P38 MAPK signaling in mice and protected them against CVB3 infection as evidenced by significantly alleviated cell apoptosis rate, reduced viral titers, necrosis in the heart as well as by remarkably prolonged survival time. Conclusions miRNA-21 were reverse correlated with P38 MAPK activation post CVB3 infection, miRNA-21 overexpression significantly inhibited viral progeny release and decreased myocytes apoptosis rate in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that miRNA-21 may serve as a potential therapeutic agent against CVB3 infection through targeting the MAP2K3/P38 MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng He
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics-Peking University Teaching Hospital, YaBao Road 2, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Zonghui Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, YaBao Road 2, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Hailan Yao
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, YaBao Road 2, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Sen Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, YaBao Road 2, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Miao Feng
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, YaBao Road 2, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, YaBao Road 2, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Zhewei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, YaBao Road 2, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, YaBao Road 2, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Jianxin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics-Peking University Teaching Hospital, YaBao Road 2, Beijing, 100020, China. .,Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, YaBao Road 2, Beijing, 100020, China.
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17
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Liu T, Yang F, Liu J, Zhang M, Sun J, Xiao Y, Xiao Z, Niu H, Ma R, Wang Y, Liu X, Dong Y. Astragaloside IV reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis in a murine model of coxsackievirus B3-induced viral myocarditis. Exp Anim 2019; 68:549-558. [PMID: 31243190 PMCID: PMC6842797 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.19-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis plays a crucial role in regulating cardiomyopathy and injuries of
coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced viral myocarditis (VM). It has been reported that
Astragaloside IV (AST-IV) from Astragalus membranaceus could inhibit
apoptosis under a variety of pathological conditions in vivo or
in vitro. However, the functional roles of AST-IV in CVB3-induced VM
still remain unknown. Here, we found that AST-IV significantly enhanced survival for
CVB3-induced mice. AST-IV protected the mice against CVB3-induced virus myocarditis
characterized by the increased body weight, decreased serum level of creatine kinase-MB
(CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), supressed expression of Ifn-γ, Il-6 in heart,
enhanced systolic and diastolic function of left ventricle. At the pathological level,
AST-IV ameliorated the mice against CVB3-induced myocardial damage and myocardial
fibrosis. In vitro, the results from flow cytometry showed that AST-IV
significantly suppressed CVB3-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis, which also were verified
in vivo. Moreover, an increased expression of pro-apoptotic genes
including FAS, FASL, cleaved caspase-8 and cleaved caspase-3 was found in CVB3-induced
cardiomyocytes, while those was inhibited in cardiomyocytes treated with AST-IV. Taken
together, the data suggest that AST-IV protected against CVB3-induced myocardial damage
and fibrosis, which may partly attribute to supress activation of FAS/FASL signaling
pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Huimin District, Hohhot 010059, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Service Center, Health committee of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 63 Xinhua Street, Xincheng District, Hohhot 010055, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Huimin District, Hohhot 010059, P.R. China
| | - Mingjie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Huimin District, Hohhot 010059, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Huimin District, Hohhot 010059, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Development Zone, Hohhot 010059, P.R. China
| | - Zhibin Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Development Zone, Hohhot 010059, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Niu
- Department of Service Center, Health committee of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 63 Xinhua Street, Xincheng District, Hohhot 010055, P.R. China
| | - Ruilian Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Huimin District, Hohhot 010059, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 1 Tongdao North Street, Huimin District, Hohhot 010059, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Development Zone, Hohhot 010059, P.R. China
| | - Yu Dong
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Development Zone, Hohhot 010110, P.R. China
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18
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Wang Y, Zhou L, Li Y, Guo L, Zhou Z, Xie H, Hou Y, Wang B. The Effects of Berberine on Concanavalin A-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) in Mice and the Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate (AMP)-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:6150-6161. [PMID: 29283990 PMCID: PMC5753750 DOI: 10.12659/msm.907377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Berberine, a herbal extract, has been reported to protect against inflammatory disorders. The adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway can be activated by berberine and inhibited by the synthetic, reversible AMP-competitive inhibitor, Compound C. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of berberine on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in mice via the AMPK pathway. Material/Methods BALB/c mice were treated with berberine, with or without Compound C, followed by treatment with Con A. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured. Liver tissue histology was performed to evaluate hepatic injury and AIH. Cytokine levels in serum and hepatic tissue were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and used quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Levels of phosphorylated acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase (ACC), representing AMPK activation, were detected by Western blotting. Results Serum ALT and AST levels were significantly reduced by berberine (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) in mice with Con A-induced hepatitis. Berberine also reduced Con A-induced hepatocyte swelling, cell death, and infiltration of leukocytes. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon (IF)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-1beta were reduced by berberine pre-treatment; levels of serum IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was elevated. These protective effects of berberine on Con-A-induced AIH were reversed by treatment with Compound C. Conclusions In a murine model of Con A-induced AIH, berberine treatment reduced hepatic injury via activation of the AMPK pathway. Further studies are recommended to determine the potential therapeutic role for berberine in AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland).,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Yanni Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Liping Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Haoran Xie
- College of Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Yingjian Hou
- College of Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
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19
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Wen J, Huang C. Coxsackieviruses B3 infection of myocardial microvascular endothelial cells activates fractalkine via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7548-7552. [PMID: 28944873 PMCID: PMC5865889 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections by pathogens may lead to cardiovascular diseases, including acute/chronic myocarditis. (Coxsackieviruses B3) CVB3 is considered to be the most common causative agent in m‑yocarditis, which can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of CVB3‑infected myocardial microvascular endothelial cells. The CVB3 infection was detected by 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50). The role of fractalkine (FKN) in the infection was detected using western blotting and RNA interference. To assess mitogen‑activated protein kinase signaling activity, levels of total and phosphorylated extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase, and p38 were measured at 0, 20, 40, and 60 min after CVB3 infection by western blot analysis. The results showed that infection activated FKN via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, the TCID50 of CVB3 in infected cells was lower compared with that in myocardial microvascular endothelial cells following ERK1/2 inhibition and FKN silencing. CVB3 infection of myocardial microvascular endothelial cells activates FKN via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. These findings represent a foundation for the development of novel methods of treating CVB3‑induced myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jili Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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