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Li Y, Chen S, Yang Q, Liu X, Zhou W, Kang T, Wu W, Ou S. The ANGPTL4-HIF-1α loop: a critical regulator of renal interstitial fibrosis. J Transl Med 2024; 22:649. [PMID: 38992710 PMCID: PMC11241841 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05466-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is a progressive, irreversible terminal kidney disease with a poor prognosis and high mortality. Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is known to be associated with fibrosis in various organs, but its impact on the RIF process remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the role and underlying mechanisms of ANGPTL4 in the progression of RIF. METHODS In vivo, a chronic kidney disease (CKD) rat model of renal interstitial fibrosis was established via intragastric administration of adenine at different time points (4 and 6 weeks). Blood and urine samples were collected to assess renal function and 24-h urinary protein levels. Kidney tissues were subjected to HE and Masson staining for pathological observation. Immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT‒PCR) were performed to evaluate the expression of ANGPTL4 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), followed by Pearson correlation analysis. Subsequently, kidney biopsy tissues from 11 CKD patients (6 with RIF and 5 without RIF) were subjected to immunohistochemical staining to validate the expression of ANGPTL4. In vitro, a fibrosis model of human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK2) was established through hypoxic stimulation. Subsequently, an HIF-1α inhibitor (2-MeOE2) was used, and ANGPTL4 was manipulated using siRNA or plasmid overexpression. Changes in ANGPTL4 and fibrosis markers were analyzed through Western blotting, qRT‒PCR, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS ANGPTL4 was significantly upregulated in the CKD rat model and was significantly positively correlated with renal injury markers, the fibrotic area, and HIF-1α. These results were confirmed by clinical samples, which showed a significant increase in the expression level of ANGPTL4 in CKD patients with RIF, which was positively correlated with HIF-1α. Further in vitro studies indicated that the expression of ANGPTL4 is regulated by HIF-1α, which in turn is subject to negative feedback regulation by ANGPTL4. Moreover, modulation of ANGPTL4 expression influences the progression of fibrosis in HK2 cells. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that ANGPTL4 is a key regulatory factor in renal fibrosis, forming a loop with HIF-1α, potentially serving as a novel therapeutic target for RIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephrology, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephrology, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephrology, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephrology, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiming Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephrology, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Kang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephrology, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Weihua Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephrology, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Santao Ou
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephrology, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
- Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Tan J, Xiao A, Yang L, Tao YL, Shao Y, Zhou Q. Diabetes and high-glucose could upregulate the expression of receptor for activated C kinase 1 in retina. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:519-529. [PMID: 38591093 PMCID: PMC10999037 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i3.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major ocular complication of diabetes mellitus, leading to visual impairment. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) injury is a key component of the outer blood retinal barrier, and its damage is an important indicator of DR. Receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) activates protein kinase C-ε (PKC-ε) to promote the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RPE cells, leading to apoptosis. Therefore, we hypothesize that the activation of RACK1 under hypoxic/high-glucose conditions may promote RPE cell apoptosis by modulating PKC-ε/ROS, thereby disrupting the barrier effect of the outer blood retinal barrier and contributing to the progression of DR. AIM To investigate the role and associated underlying mechanisms of RACK1 in the development of early DR. METHODS In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats and adult RPE cell line-19 (ARPE-19) cells were used as in vivo and in vitro models, respectively, to explore the role of RACK1 in mediating PKC-ε in early DR. Furthermore, the impact of RACK1 on apoptosis and barrier function of RPE cells was also investigated in the former model. RESULTS Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats showed increased apoptosis and up-regulated expression of RACK1 and PKC-ε proteins in RPE cells following a prolonged modeling. Similarly, ARPE-19 cells exposed to high glucose and hypoxia displayed elevated mRNA and protein levels of RACK1 and PKC-ε, accompanied by an increases in ROS production, apoptosis rate, and monolayer permeability. However, silencing RACK1 significantly downregulated the expression of PKC-ε and ROS, reduced cell apoptosis and permeability, and protected barrier function. CONCLUSION RACK1 plays a significant role in the development of early DR and might serve as a potential therapeutic target for DR by regulating RPE apoptosis and barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ang Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Lin Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
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Zhu X, Wang Y, Cheng L, Kuang H. Regulation of Long Noncoding RNA NEAT1/miR-320a/HIF-1α Competitive Endogenous RNA Regulatory Network in Diabetic Retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:11. [PMID: 37432846 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.10.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the mechanism that long noncoding RNA NEAT1 (lncNEAT1)/miR-320a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in ARPE-19 cells and its potential role in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods ARPE-19 cells were cultured in a normal or high-glucose (HG) medium, and cell migration, invasion, and permeability were detected by scratch, transwell, and FITC-dextran staining assays. LncNEAT1, HIF-1α, ZO-1, occludin, N-cadherin, and vimentin levels were tested. The binding of lncNEAT1 to miR-320a was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay, and the binding of miR-320a to HIF-1α by RIP assay. ARPE-19 cells were treated with lncNEAT1 or HIF-1α shRNA or miR-320a agomir to determine the activation of ANGPTL4/p-STAT3 pathway. The effect of lncNEAT1 in DR and its regulations on miR-320a and HIF-1α were determined in a rat model of DR. Results HG treatment promoted the migration, invasion, and permeability of ARPE-19 cells. After lncNEAT1 silencing, HIF-1α, N-cadherin, and vimentin levels were downregulated, ZO-1 and occludin levels were upregulated, and the migration, permeability, and invasion of HG-treated ARPE-19 cells were inhibited. However, HIF-1α overexpression increased N-cadherin and vimentin expression, reduced ZO-1 and occludin expression, and promoted the migration, permeability, and invasion of ARPE-19 cells. The binding of miR-320a with both lncNEAT1 and HIF-1α was predicted and confirmed. In a diabetic rat model, silencing lncNEAT1 inhibited HIF-1α/ANGPTL4/p-STAT3 pathway activation and alleviated retinopathy. Conclusions The lncNETA1/miR-320a/HIF-1α ceRNA network activates the ANGPTL4/p-STAT3 pathway and promotes HG-induced ARPE-19 cell invasion and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Kuang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
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Emri E, Cappa O, Kelly C, Kortvely E, SanGiovanni JP, McKay BS, Bergen AA, Simpson DA, Lengyel I. Zinc Supplementation Induced Transcriptional Changes in Primary Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium: A Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Study to Understand Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Cells 2023; 12:773. [PMID: 36899910 PMCID: PMC10000409 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc supplementation has been shown to be beneficial to slow the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the molecular mechanism underpinning this benefit is not well understood. This study used single-cell RNA sequencing to identify transcriptomic changes induced by zinc supplementation. Human primary retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells could mature for up to 19 weeks. After 1 or 18 weeks in culture, we supplemented the culture medium with 125 µM added zinc for one week. RPE cells developed high transepithelial electrical resistance, extensive, but variable pigmentation, and deposited sub-RPE material similar to the hallmark lesions of AMD. Unsupervised cluster analysis of the combined transcriptome of the cells isolated after 2, 9, and 19 weeks in culture showed considerable heterogeneity. Clustering based on 234 pre-selected RPE-specific genes divided the cells into two distinct clusters, we defined as more and less differentiated cells. The proportion of more differentiated cells increased with time in culture, but appreciable numbers of cells remained less differentiated even at 19 weeks. Pseudotemporal ordering identified 537 genes that could be implicated in the dynamics of RPE cell differentiation (FDR < 0.05). Zinc treatment resulted in the differential expression of 281 of these genes (FDR < 0.05). These genes were associated with several biological pathways with modulation of ID1/ID3 transcriptional regulation. Overall, zinc had a multitude of effects on the RPE transcriptome, including several genes involved in pigmentation, complement regulation, mineralization, and cholesterol metabolism processes associated with AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Emri
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT97BL, UK
- Section Ophthalmogenetics, Department of Human Genetics, Queen Emma Centre for Precision Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oisin Cappa
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT97BL, UK
| | - Caoimhe Kelly
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT97BL, UK
| | - Elod Kortvely
- Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology (I2O) Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - John Paul SanGiovanni
- Biosciences Research Laboratories, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, 1230 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Brian S. McKay
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Arizona, 1656 E. Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Arthur A. Bergen
- Section Ophthalmogenetics, Department of Human Genetics, Queen Emma Centre for Precision Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN-KNAW), 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David A. Simpson
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT97BL, UK
| | - Imre Lengyel
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT97BL, UK
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Zhu Y, Li J, Yu S, Mao B, Ying J. Clinical Comparative Study of Intravitreal Injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide and Aflibercept in the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Cystoid Macular Edema. Emerg Med Int 2022; 2022:1348855. [PMID: 35646399 PMCID: PMC9132663 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1348855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the curative effect of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide and aflibercept on diabetic retinopathy (DR) cystoid macular edema. Methods A total of 102 patients with DR cystoid macular edema admitted to the hospital were enrolled between July 2018 and July 2021. According to random number table method, they were divided into the control group (intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide) and the observation group (intravitreal injection of aflibercept), 51 cases in each group. All were followed up for half a year. The clinical curative effect, visual acuity, central subfield macular thickness (CSMT), macular volume, scores of quality of life, and levels of cytokines in aqueous humor (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), human angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4)] at different time points (before and at 6 months after surgery) were compared between the two groups. The times of drugs injection and occurrence of adverse reactions in both groups were statistically analyzed. Results The total effective rate in observation group was higher than that in the control group (96.08% vs 82.35%) (P < 0.05). After 6 months of treatment, visual acuity was improved, and CSMT and macular volume were decreased in both groups. Also, the above changes were more significant in the observation group than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After 6 months of treatment, levels of cytokines in aqueous humor were decreased in both groups. The levels of VEGF, MCP-1, and ANGPTL4 in observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After 6 months of treatment, quality of life scores in observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). In the follow-up period, average times of drugs injection in the observation group were more than those in the control group, and the incidence of adverse reactions was lower than that in control group (5.88% vs 21.57%) (P < 0.05). Conclusion The curative effect of intravitreal injection of both triamcinolone acetonide and aflibercept is good on DR cystoid macular edema. The curative effect of aflibercept is better, which can improve visual acuity and quality of life, and regulate cytokines in aqueous humor, with high safety. However, aflibercept has a high price, and further research is needed to determine whether its price can be matched with clinical benefits. In clinic, medication plan should be selected according to the actual situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Songping Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Bangxun Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Jia Ying
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
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Wang X, Chen W, Lao W, Chen Y. Silencing LncRNA PVT1 Reverses High Glucose-Induced Regulation of the High Expression of PVT1 in HRMECs by Targeting miR-128-3p. Horm Metab Res 2022; 54:119-125. [PMID: 35130573 DOI: 10.1055/a-1730-5091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper aims to discuss the possibility of lncRNA PVT1 as a diagnostic biomarker for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and explore the underlying mechanism. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was selected to determine the expression level of lncRNA PVT1 in the serum of all subjects. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve reflected the diagnostic significance of PVT1 for DR patients. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Transwell assays were used to evaluate the effect of PVT1 expression on the proliferation and migration of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs). The luciferase reporter gene was selected to verify the interaction between PVT1 and miR-128-3p. The relative expression level of PVT1 in serum was higher in both the DB and DR group than in the healthy controls group (HC), and it was highest in the DR group. ROC curve indicated that serum PVT1 could distinguish between HC and DB patients, DB patients and DR patients, respectively. In vitro, high glucose induction significantly increased the proliferation and migration capabilities of HRMECs, but silencing PVT1 (si-PVT1) downregulated the proliferation and migration capabilities of HRMECs. The detection of luciferase reporter gene showed that lncRNA PVT1 targeted miR-128-3p, and there was a negative correlation in the serum of DR patients. In conclusion, this study confirmed that lncRNA PVT1 might regulate the process of DR by targeting miR-128-3p, and has the potential as a biomarker for the diagnosis of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Wang
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Opthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Wangling Chen
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Opthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Wei Lao
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Opthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yunxin Chen
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Opthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, 570311, Hainan Province, China
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Xu Q, Gong C, Qiao L, Feng R, Liu H, Liu Y, Ji S, Zhang Y, Wu S, Li S. Aqueous Level of ANGPTL4 Correlates with the OCTA Metrics of Diabetic Macular Edema in NPDR. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:8435603. [PMID: 35097131 PMCID: PMC8791715 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8435603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the aqueous levels of angiogenic factors in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) and to ascertain their association with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) metrics. METHODS This study enrolled 21 NPDR eyes with DME (NPDR/DME+), 17 NPDR eyes without DME (NPDR/DME-), and 16 diabetic eyes without retinopathy (DWR). Luminex bead-based multiplex array was used to measure the levels of 25 cytokines. OCTA system with a scan area of 3 × 3 mm was used to measure retinal thickness (RT), retinal volume (RV), superficial vessel density (SVD), deep vessel density (DVD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, perimeter and acircularity index. RESULTS The levels of ANGPTL4 were significantly different among the three groups (P < 0.05), in which NPDR/DME+ group had the highest level and NPDR/DME- group had a higher level than the DWR group (all, P < 0.0167). OCTA examination showed that, compared with DWR and NPDR/DME- group, RT and RV increased and the whole/parafoveal DVD decreased in NPDR/DME+ group (all, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, NPDR/DME- group had lower parafoveal DVD than the DWR group (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the levels of ANGPTL4 were positively correlated with foveal/parafoveal RT and RV and negatively correlated with whole/parafoveal DVD in NPDR patients (all, P < 0.05). As the influencing factor of RT, RV, and DVD, every additional 103 pg/ml of ANGPTL4 was associated with an increase in foveal and parafoveal RT of 4.299 μm and 3.598 μm, respectively. Every additional 106 pg/ml of ANGPTL4 was associated with an increase in foveal and parafoveal RV of 3.371 mm3 and 17.705 mm3, respectively. Every additional 104 pg/ml of ANGPTL4 was associated with a decrease in whole and parafoveal DVD of 1.705% and 1.799%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The level of ANGPTL4 in aqueous humor of NPDR patients with DME was significantly increased and ANGPTL4 might predict RT, RV, and parafoveal DVD of DME in NPDR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chaoju Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Qiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruifang Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yalu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sujuan Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yipeng Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Suyan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute, Xuzhou, 221116 Jiangsu Province, China
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Yan J, Li WJ, Qin YZ, Qiu XY, Qin L, Li JM. Aqueous angiopoietin-like levels correlate with optical coherence tomography angiography metrics in diabetic macular edema. Int J Ophthalmol 2021; 14:1888-1894. [PMID: 34926204 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2021.12.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To quantitatively detect aqueous levels of angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL)3, ANGPTL4, and ANGPTL6 and investigate their correlation with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). METHODS This cross-sectional study included 23 patients (27 eyes) with type 2 diabetes and 16 control subjects (20 eyes). All patients underwent OCTA imaging and ultra-wide field fundus photography. Diabetic patients were categorized into two groups according to the presence or absence of diabetic retinopathy (DME group, 14 patients, 16 eyes); and non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR) group, 9 patients, 11 eyes, respectively. Aqueous levels of ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, and ANGPTL6 were assessed using suspension array technology, and foveal-centered 3×3 mm2 OCTA scans were automatically graded to determine the central, inner, and full vessel density (CVD, IVD, FVD); central, inner, and full perfusion density (CPD, IPD, FPD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, FAZ perimeter, and FAZ circularity index (FAZ-CI) on superficial capillary plexuses. Additionally, central subfield thickness (CST), cube volume (CV), and cube average thickness (CAT) were measured in a model of macular cube 512×128. RESULTS Aqueous ANGPTL3 levels were not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05). ANGPTL4 levels were significantly higher in the DME group than the control and NDR groups (P<0.0001 and P<0.001), while ANGPTL6 levels were significantly higher in the DME group than the control group (P<0.05). In the whole cohort, the aqueous ANGPTL3 levels correlated negatively with the IVD, FVD, IPD, and FPD, and positively with the CV and CAT. The aqueous ANGPTL4 levels correlated negatively with the CVD, IVD, FVD, CPD, IPD, and FPD, and positively with the FAZ perimeter, CST, CV, and CAT. The aqueous ANGPTL6 levels correlated negatively with the IVD, FVD, IPD, FPD, FAZ-CI and positively with CST, CV, CAT. CONCLUSION ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL6 may be associated with vascular leakage in DME and may represent good targets for DME therapy. In addition, OCTA metrics may be useful for evaluating macular ischemia in DME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yulin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wu-Jun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yulin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ya-Zhou Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xuan-Yu Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Li Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing-Ming Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
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9
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Shi J, Lv H, Tang C, Li Y, Huang J, Zhang H. Mangiferin inhibits cell migration and angiogenesis via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in high glucose‑ and hypoxia‑induced RRCECs. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:473. [PMID: 33899114 PMCID: PMC8097750 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin is a prominent active component that can be derived from several traditional herbs, including Mangifera indica L., Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge., and Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC., which displays antidiabetic properties. Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a serious complication caused by diabetes, is the leading cause of blindness. The present study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of mangiferin on high glucose (HG)/hypoxia‑induced rat retinal capillary endothelial cell (RRCEC) angiogenesis, as well as the underlying mechanisms. To establish an in vitro model of DR, RRCECs were exposed to 30 mM glucose and hypoxia. Following treatment with different doses of mangiferin (0.05, 0.1 or 0.2 µM), RRCEC viability, migration and angiogenesis were assessed by performing Cell Counting Kit 8, immunofluorescence, wound healing, Transwell and tube formation assays. Western blotting was conducted to evaluate protein expression levels. Furthermore, LY294002 and IGF‑1, an inhibitor and activator of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, respectively, were used to verify the potential mechanisms underlying mangiferin. The results demonstrated that mangiferin notably inhibited HG/hypoxia‑induced RRCEC migration and angiogenesis. HG/hypoxia‑induced upregulation of hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α, vascular endothelial growth factor, matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)2 and MMP9 expression levels and the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT and mTOR in RRCECs was significantly reversed following treatment with mangiferin. Additionally, further activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by IGF‑1 inhibited the beneficial effects of mangiferin on RRCECs, whereas deactivation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by LY294002 displayed the opposite results. Collectively, the results of the present study suggested that mangiferin suppressed RRCEC angiogenesis via modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which could serve as an effective treatment strategy for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, P.R. China
| | - Hongbin Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Chen Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, P.R. China
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10
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Hwang S, Seong H, Ryu J, Jeong JY, Kang TS, Nam KY, Seo SW, Kim SJ, Kang SS, Han YS. Phosphorylation of STAT3 and ERBB2 mediates hypoxia‑induced VEGF release in ARPE‑19 cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2733-2740. [PMID: 32945388 PMCID: PMC7453508 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neovascularization in the retina can cause loss of vision. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) serves an important role in the pathogenesis of retinal vascular diseases. Hypoxia is a notable cause of VEGF release and both STAT3 and ERBB2 are known to be associated with VEGF. In addition, STAT3 and ERBB2 interact with each other. In the present study, it was hypothesized that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and erbB-2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) may be involved in the regulation of hypoxia-induced VEGF in the retina. Cells of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are an important source of VEGF. Therefore, the RPE-derived human cell line ARPE-19 was exposed to hypoxia. Hypoxia-induced phosphorylation of STAT3 and ERBB2 in ARPE-19 cells was decreased by AG490, an inhibitor of Janus kinase 2, as were hypoxia-induced VEGF release and tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Thus, phosphorylation of ERBB2 and STAT3 regulates hypoxia-induced VEGF release in ARPE-19 cells. The results of the present study suggested that inhibition of ERBB2 and STAT3-mediated pathways under hypoxia may represent a new strategy for treating retinal vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohyun Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Seong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyun Ryu
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Seen Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam‑do 51472, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yup Nam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam‑do 51472, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Wook Seo
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jae Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Soo Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Gyeongsang 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seop Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam‑do 51472, Republic of Korea
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