1
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Rousselière A, Delbos L, Foureau A, Reynaud-Gaubert M, Roux A, Demant X, Le Pavec J, Kessler R, Mornex JF, Messika J, Falque L, Le Borgne A, Boussaud V, Tissot A, Hombourger S, Bressollette-Bodin C, Charreau B. Changes in HCMV immune cell frequency and phenotype are associated with chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1143875. [PMID: 37187736 PMCID: PMC10175754 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1143875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is common and often severe in lung transplant recipients (LTRs), and it is a risk factor associated with chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). The complex interplay between HCMV and allograft rejection is still unclear. Currently, no treatment is available to reverse CLAD after diagnosis, and the identification of reliable biomarkers that can predict the early development of CLAD is needed. This study investigated the HCMV immunity in LTRs who will develop CLAD. Methods This study quantified and phenotyped conventional (HLA-A2pp65) and HLA-E-restricted (HLA-EUL40) anti-HCMV CD8+ T (CD8 T) cell responses induced by infection in LTRs developing CLAD or maintaining a stable allograft. The homeostasis of immune subsets (B, CD4T, CD8 T, NK, and γδT cells) post-primary infection associated with CLAD was also investigated. Results At M18 post-transplantation, HLA-EUL40 CD8 T responses were less frequently found in HCMV+ LTRs (21.7%) developing CLAD (CLAD) than in LTRs (55%) keeping a functional graft (STABLE). In contrast, HLA-A2pp65 CD8 T was equally detected in 45% of STABLE and 47.8% of CLAD LTRs. The frequency of HLA-EUL40 and HLA-A2pp65 CD8 T among blood CD8 T cells shows lower median values in CLAD LTRs. Immunophenotype reveals an altered expression profile for HLA-EUL40 CD8 T in CLAD patients with a decreased expression for CD56 and the acquisition of PD-1. In STABLE LTRs, HCMV primary infection causes a decrease in B cells and inflation of CD8 T, CD57+/NKG2C+ NK, and δ2-γδT cells. In CLAD LTRs, the regulation of B, total CD8 T, and δ2+γδT cells is maintained, but total NK, CD57+/NKG2C+ NK, and δ2-γδT subsets are markedly reduced, while CD57 is overexpressed across T lymphocytes. Conclusions CLAD is associated with significant changes in anti-HCMV immune cell responses. Our findings propose that the presence of dysfunctional HCMV-specific HLA-E-restricted CD8 T cells together with post-infection changes in the immune cell distribution affecting NK and γδT cells defines an early immune signature for CLAD in HCMV+ LTRs. Such a signature may be of interest for the monitoring of LTRs and may allow an early stratification of LTRs at risk of CLAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Rousselière
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Translationnelle en Transplantation et Immunologie, Nantes, France
| | - Laurence Delbos
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Translationnelle en Transplantation et Immunologie, Nantes, France
| | - Aurore Foureau
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Translationnelle en Transplantation et Immunologie, Nantes, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Pneumologie, Institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Martine Reynaud-Gaubert
- CHU de Marseille, APHM, Hôpital Nord, Service de Pneumologie et Equipe de Transplantation pulmonaire; Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Roux
- Hôpital Foch, Service de pneumologie, Suresnes, France
| | - Xavier Demant
- Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Service de pneumologie, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jérôme Le Pavec
- Service de Pneumologie et de Transplantation Pulmonaire, Groupe Hospitalier Marie-Lannelongue -Paris Saint Joseph, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- UMR_S 999, Université Paris–Sud, Inserm, Groupe hospitalier Marie-Lannelongue-Saint Joseph, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Romain Kessler
- Groupe de transplantation pulmonaire des hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, Inserm-Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-François Mornex
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon1, INRAE, IVPC, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, GHE, Service de Pneumologie, Inserm, Lyon, France
| | - Jonathan Messika
- APHP, Nord-Université Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service de Pneumologie B et Transplantation Pulmonaire, Paris, France
- Physiopathology and Epidemiology of Respiratory Diseases, UMR1152 INSERM and Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Loïc Falque
- Service Hospitalier Universitaire Pneumologie et Physiologie, Pôle Thorax et Vaisseaux, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Véronique Boussaud
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Adrien Tissot
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Translationnelle en Transplantation et Immunologie, Nantes, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Pneumologie, Institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Hombourger
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Translationnelle en Transplantation et Immunologie, Nantes, France
| | - Céline Bressollette-Bodin
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Translationnelle en Transplantation et Immunologie, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, Laboratoire de Virologie, Nantes, France
| | - Béatrice Charreau
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Translationnelle en Transplantation et Immunologie, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), Nantes, France
- *Correspondence: Béatrice Charreau,
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2
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Biomolecular Mechanisms of Autoimmune Diseases and Their Relationship with the Resident Microbiota: Friend or Foe? PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2022; 29:507-536. [PMID: 36136068 PMCID: PMC9505211 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology29030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of innovative approaches to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of autoimmune diseases, as well as to further study of the factors which can have either a positive or negative effect on the course of the disease, is essential. In this line, the development of new molecular techniques and the creation of the Human Genome Program have allowed access to many more solutions to the difficulties that exist in the identification and characterization of the microbiome, as well as changes due to various factors. Such innovative technologies can rekindle older hypotheses, such as molecular mimicry, allowing us to move from hypothesis to theory and from correlation to causality, particularly regarding autoimmune diseases and dysbiosis of the microbiota. For example, Prevotella copri appears to have a strong association with rheumatoid arthritis; it is expected that this will be confirmed by several scientists, which, in turn, will make it possible to identify other mechanisms that may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease. This article seeks to identify new clues regarding similar correlations between autoimmune activity and the human microbiota, particularly in relation to qualitative and quantitative microbial variations therein.
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3
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The role of MHC I protein dynamics in tapasin and TAPBPR-assisted immunopeptidome editing. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 70:138-143. [PMID: 34265495 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Major Histocompatibility Complex class I (MHC I) molecules are highly polymorphic, with allotypes differing in peptide binding preferences, and in their dependence upon tapasin for optimal peptide selection. The tapasin dependence of MHC allotypes is inversely correlated with their self-editing ability, and underpinned by conformational plasticity. Recently, TAPBPR has been shown to enhance MHC I assembly via a chaperone-like function, and by editing the peptide repertoire of some MHC I allotypes. Structural analysis has shown TAPBPR binding changes the conformation and dynamics of MHC I, with MHC protein dynamics likely to determine the prevailing TAPBPR function: generically enhancing MHC I assembly by stabilising highly dynamic peptide-empty MHC I; and by editing the peptide repertoire of highly dynamic MHC I allotypes.
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4
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Partnering for the major histocompatibility complex class II and antigenic determinant requires flexibility and chaperons. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 70:112-121. [PMID: 34146954 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic, or helper T cells recognize antigen via T cell receptors (TCRs) that can see their target antigen as short sequences of peptides bound to the groove of proteins of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, and class II respectively. For MHC class II epitope selection from exogenous pathogens or self-antigens, participation of several accessory proteins, molecular chaperons, processing enzymes within multiple vesicular compartments is necessary. A major contributing factor is the MHC class II structure itself that uniquely offers a dynamic and flexible groove essential for epitope selection. In this review, I have taken a historical perspective focusing on the flexibility of the MHC II molecules as the driving force in determinant selection and interactions with the accessory molecules in antigen processing, HLA-DM and HLA-DO.
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5
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McShan AC, Devlin CA, Morozov GI, Overall SA, Moschidi D, Akella N, Procko E, Sgourakis NG. TAPBPR promotes antigen loading on MHC-I molecules using a peptide trap. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3174. [PMID: 34039964 PMCID: PMC8154891 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaperones Tapasin and TAP-binding protein related (TAPBPR) perform the important functions of stabilizing nascent MHC-I molecules (chaperoning) and selecting high-affinity peptides in the MHC-I groove (editing). While X-ray and cryo-EM snapshots of MHC-I in complex with TAPBPR and Tapasin, respectively, have provided important insights into the peptide-deficient MHC-I groove structure, the molecular mechanism through which these chaperones influence the selection of specific amino acid sequences remains incompletely characterized. Based on structural and functional data, a loop sequence of variable lengths has been proposed to stabilize empty MHC-I molecules through direct interactions with the floor of the groove. Using deep mutagenesis on two complementary expression systems, we find that important residues for the Tapasin/TAPBPR chaperoning activity are located on a large scaffolding surface, excluding the loop. Conversely, loop mutations influence TAPBPR interactions with properly conformed MHC-I molecules, relevant for peptide editing. Detailed biophysical characterization by solution NMR, ITC and FP-based assays shows that the loop hovers above the MHC-I groove to promote the capture of incoming peptides. Our results suggest that the longer loop of TAPBPR lowers the affinity requirements for peptide selection to facilitate peptide loading under conditions and subcellular compartments of reduced ligand concentration, and to prevent disassembly of high-affinity peptide-MHC-I complexes that are transiently interrogated by TAPBPR during editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C McShan
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christine A Devlin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Giora I Morozov
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah A Overall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Danai Moschidi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Neha Akella
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Erik Procko
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Nikolaos G Sgourakis
- Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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6
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Illing PT, van Hateren A, Darley R, Croft NP, Mifsud NA, King S, Kostenko L, Bharadwaj M, McCluskey J, Elliott T, Purcell AW. Kinetics of Abacavir-Induced Remodelling of the Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Peptide Repertoire. Front Immunol 2021; 12:672737. [PMID: 34093574 PMCID: PMC8170132 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.672737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abacavir hypersensitivity syndrome can occur in individuals expressing the HLA-B*57:01 major histocompatibility complex class I allotype when utilising the drug abacavir as a part of their anti-retroviral regimen. The drug is known to bind within the HLA-B*57:01 antigen binding cleft, leading to the selection of novel self-peptide ligands, thus provoking life-threatening immune responses. However, the sub-cellular location of abacavir binding and the mechanics of altered peptide selection are not well understood. Here, we probed the impact of abacavir on the assembly of HLA-B*57:01 peptide complexes. We show that whilst abacavir had minimal impact on the maturation or average stability of HLA-B*57:01 molecules, abacavir was able to differentially enhance the formation, selectively decrease the dissociation, and alter tapasin loading dependency of certain HLA-B*57:01-peptide complexes. Our data reveals a spectrum of abacavir mediated effects on the immunopeptidome which reconciles the heterogeneous functional T cell data reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia T. Illing
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Andy van Hateren
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Darley
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan P. Croft
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicole A. Mifsud
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Samuel King
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Lyudmila Kostenko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mandvi Bharadwaj
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tim Elliott
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony W. Purcell
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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7
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Jantz-Naeem N, Springer S. Venus flytrap or pas de trois? The dynamics of MHC class I molecules. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 70:82-89. [PMID: 33993034 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The peptide binding site of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules is natively unfolded when devoid of peptides. Peptide binding stabilizes the structure and slows the dynamics, but peptide-specific and subtype-specific motions influence, and are influenced by, interaction with assembly chaperones, the T cell receptor, and other class I-binding proteins. The molecular mechanisms of cooperation between peptide, class I heavy chain, and beta-2 microglobulin are insufficiently known but are being elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance and other modern methods. It appears that micropolymorphic clusters of charged amino acids, often hidden in the molecule interior, determine the dynamics and thus chaperone dependence, cellular fate, and disease association of class I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouria Jantz-Naeem
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Springer
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany.
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8
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Ma J, Ayres CM, Hellman LM, Devlin JR, Baker BM. Dynamic allostery controls the peptide sensitivity of the Ly49C natural killer receptor. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100686. [PMID: 33891944 PMCID: PMC8138769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a variety of activating and inhibitory receptors, natural killer (NK) cells protect against disease by eliminating cells that have downregulated class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins, such as in response to cell transformation or viral infection. The inhibitory murine NK receptor Ly49C specifically recognizes the class I MHC protein H-2Kb. Unusual among NK receptors, Ly49C exhibits a peptide-dependent sensitivity to H-2Kb recognition, which has not been explained despite detailed structural studies. To gain further insight into Ly49C peptide sensitivity, we examined Ly49C recognition biochemically and through the lens of dynamic allostery. We found that the peptide sensitivity of Ly49C arises through small differences in H-2Kb-binding affinity. Although molecular dynamics simulations supported a role for peptide-dependent protein dynamics in producing these differences in binding affinity, calorimetric measurements indicated an enthalpically as opposed to entropically driven process. A quantitative linkage analysis showed that this emerges from peptide-dependent dynamic tuning of electrostatic interactions across the Ly49C–H-2Kb interface. We propose a model whereby different peptides alter the flexibility of H-2Kb, which in turn changes the strength of electrostatic interactions across the protein–protein interface. Our results provide a quantitative assessment of how peptides alter Ly49C-binding affinity, suggest the underlying mechanism, and demonstrate peptide-driven allostery at work in class I MHC proteins. Lastly, our model provides a solution for how dynamic allostery could impact binding of some, but not all, class I MHC partners depending on the structural and chemical composition of the interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Ma
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Cory M Ayres
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Lance M Hellman
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, Nevada State College, Henderson, Nevada, USA
| | - Jason R Devlin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Brian M Baker
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
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9
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Thomas C, Tampé R. MHC I assembly and peptide editing - chaperones, clients, and molecular plasticity in immunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 70:48-56. [PMID: 33689959 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Peptides presented on MHC I molecules allow the immune system to detect diseased cells. The displayed peptides typically stem from proteasomal degradation of cytoplasmic proteins and are translocated into the ER lumen where they are trimmed and loaded onto MHC I. Peptide translocation is carried out by the transporter associated with antigen processing, which forms the central building block of a dynamic assembly called the peptide-loading complex (PLC). By coordinating peptide transfer with MHC I loading and peptide optimization, the PLC is a linchpin in the adaptive immune system. Peptide loading and optimization is catalyzed by the PLC component tapasin and the PLC-independent TAPBPR, two MHC I-dedicated enzymes chaperoning empty or suboptimally loaded MHC I and selecting stable peptide-MHC I complexes in a process called peptide editing or proofreading. Recent structural and functional studies of peptide editing have dramatically improved our understanding of this pivotal event in antigen processing/presentation. This review is dedicated to Vincenzo Cerundolo (1959-2020) for his pioneering work in the field of antigen processing/presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Thomas
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, Frankfurt, 60438 Main, Germany.
| | - Robert Tampé
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 9, Frankfurt, 60438 Main, Germany.
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10
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Smith AR, Alonso JA, Ayres CM, Singh NK, Hellman LM, Baker BM. Structurally silent peptide anchor modifications allosterically modulate T cell recognition in a receptor-dependent manner. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2018125118. [PMID: 33468649 PMCID: PMC7848747 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2018125118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Presentation of peptides by class I MHC proteins underlies T cell immune responses to pathogens and cancer. The association between peptide binding affinity and immunogenicity has led to the engineering of modified peptides with improved MHC binding, with the hope that these peptides would be useful for eliciting cross-reactive immune responses directed toward their weak binding, unmodified counterparts. Increasing evidence, however, indicates that T cell receptors (TCRs) can perceive such anchor-modified peptides differently than wild-type (WT) peptides, although the scope of discrimination is unclear. We show here that even modifications at primary anchors that have no discernible structural impact can lead to substantially stronger or weaker T cell recognition depending on the TCR. Surprisingly, the effect of peptide anchor modification can be sensed by a TCR at regions distant from the site of modification, indicating a through-protein mechanism in which the anchor residue serves as an allosteric modulator for TCR binding. Our findings emphasize caution in the use and interpretation of results from anchor-modified peptides and have implications for how anchor modifications are accounted for in other circumstances, such as predicting the immunogenicity of tumor neoantigens. Our data also highlight an important need to better understand the highly tunable dynamic nature of class I MHC proteins and the impact this has on various forms of immune recognition.
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MESH Headings
- Allosteric Regulation
- Binding Sites
- Cloning, Molecular
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Escherichia coli/genetics
- Escherichia coli/metabolism
- Gene Expression
- Genetic Vectors/chemistry
- Genetic Vectors/metabolism
- HLA-A2 Antigen/chemistry
- HLA-A2 Antigen/genetics
- HLA-A2 Antigen/immunology
- Humans
- Jurkat Cells
- Kinetics
- Models, Molecular
- Peptides/chemistry
- Peptides/genetics
- Peptides/immunology
- Protein Binding
- Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical
- Protein Conformation, beta-Strand
- Protein Engineering
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/chemistry
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Th2 Cells/cytology
- Th2 Cells/immunology
- Thermodynamics
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Jesus A Alonso
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Cory M Ayres
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Nishant K Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Lance M Hellman
- Department of Physical and Life Sciences, Nevada State College, Henderson, NV 89002
| | - Brian M Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556;
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
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11
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Cawood EE, Guthertz N, Ebo JS, Karamanos TK, Radford SE, Wilson AJ. Modulation of Amyloidogenic Protein Self-Assembly Using Tethered Small Molecules. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20845-20854. [PMID: 33253560 PMCID: PMC7729939 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Protein–protein
interactions (PPIs) are involved in many
of life’s essential biological functions yet are also an underlying
cause of several human diseases, including amyloidosis. The modulation
of PPIs presents opportunities to gain mechanistic insights into amyloid
assembly, particularly through the use of methods which can trap specific
intermediates for detailed study. Such information can also provide
a starting point for drug discovery. Here, we demonstrate that covalently
tethered small molecule fragments can be used to stabilize specific
oligomers during amyloid fibril formation, facilitating the structural
characterization of these assembly intermediates. We exemplify the
power of covalent tethering using the naturally occurring truncated
variant (ΔN6) of the human protein β2-microglobulin
(β2m), which assembles into amyloid fibrils associated
with dialysis-related amyloidosis. Using this approach, we have trapped
tetramers formed by ΔN6 under conditions which would normally
lead to fibril formation and found that the degree of tetramer stabilization
depends on the site of the covalent tether and the nature of the protein–fragment
interaction. The covalent protein–ligand linkage enabled structural
characterization of these trapped, off-pathway oligomers using X-ray
crystallography and NMR, providing insight into why tetramer stabilization
inhibits amyloid assembly. Our findings highlight the power of “post-translational
chemical modification” as a tool to study biological molecular
mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma E Cawood
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Guthertz
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica S Ebo
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Theodoros K Karamanos
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.,Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Sheena E Radford
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Wilson
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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12
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Giampà M, Sgobba E. Insight to Functional Conformation and Noncovalent Interactions of Protein-Protein Assembly Using MALDI Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2020; 25:E4979. [PMID: 33126406 PMCID: PMC7662314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Noncovalent interactions are the keys to the structural organization of biomolecule e.g., proteins, glycans, lipids in the process of molecular recognition processes e.g., enzyme-substrate, antigen-antibody. Protein interactions lead to conformational changes, which dictate the functionality of that protein-protein complex. Besides biophysics techniques, noncovalent interaction and conformational dynamics, can be studied via mass spectrometry (MS), which represents a powerful tool, due to its low sample consumption, high sensitivity, and label-free sample. In this review, the focus will be placed on Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-MS) and its role in the analysis of protein-protein noncovalent assemblies exploring the relationship within noncovalent interaction, conformation, and biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giampà
- MR Cancer Group, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres Gate 9, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Elvira Sgobba
- Genetics and Plant Physiology, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden;
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13
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Sagert L, Hennig F, Thomas C, Tampé R. A loop structure allows TAPBPR to exert its dual function as MHC I chaperone and peptide editor. eLife 2020; 9:55326. [PMID: 32167472 PMCID: PMC7117912 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive immunity vitally depends on major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) molecules loaded with peptides. Selective loading of peptides onto MHC I, referred to as peptide editing, is catalyzed by tapasin and the tapasin-related TAPBPR. An important catalytic role has been ascribed to a structural feature in TAPBPR called the scoop loop, but the exact function of the scoop loop remains elusive. Here, using a reconstituted system of defined peptide-exchange components including human TAPBPR variants, we uncover a substantial contribution of the scoop loop to the stability of the MHC I-chaperone complex and to peptide editing. We reveal that the scoop loop of TAPBPR functions as an internal peptide surrogate in peptide-depleted environments stabilizing empty MHC I and impeding peptide rebinding. The scoop loop thereby acts as an additional selectivity filter in shaping the repertoire of presented peptide epitopes and the formation of a hierarchical immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sagert
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Felix Hennig
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Thomas
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Robert Tampé
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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14
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Zhu B, Zhang C, Zhao Z, Wang GX. Targeted Delivery of Mannosylated Nanoparticles Improve Prophylactic Efficacy of Immersion Vaccine against Fish Viral Disease. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E87. [PMID: 32075291 PMCID: PMC7157632 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immersion vaccination is considered as the most effective method for juvenile fish in preventing viral disease, due to its convenience for mass vaccination and stress-free administration. However, immune responses following immersion vaccination are generally less robust and of shorter duration than those induced through intraperitoneal injection. Herein, to improve the efficacy of the immersion vaccine, we constructed a targeted single-walled carbon nanotubes-based immersion vaccine delivery system (CNTs-M-VP7), the surface of which are modified with mannose to allow antigen-presenting cells' (APCs) targeting. The targeting ability of CNTs-M-VP7 was confirmed in vivo and in vitro. Critically, this immersion CNTs-M-VP7 vaccine could cross into the fish body through mucosal tissues (skin, gill, and intestine), and then present to immune-related tissues. Moreover, CNTs-M-VP7 could significantly induce the maturation and presenting process of APCs, which would then trigger robust immune responses. Altogether, this study demonstrates that the single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)-based targeted nanovaccine delivery system shows the potential to be an effective prophylactic against fish viral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-29-87092102
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15
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Trowitzsch S, Tampé R. Multifunctional Chaperone and Quality Control Complexes in Adaptive Immunity. Annu Rev Biophys 2020; 49:135-161. [PMID: 32004089 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-121219-081643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The fundamental process of adaptive immunity relies on the differentiation of self from nonself. Nucleated cells are continuously monitored by effector cells of the immune system, which police the peptide status presented via cell surface molecules. Recent integrative structural approaches have provided insights toward our understanding of how sophisticated cellular machineries shape such hierarchical immune surveillance. Biophysical and structural achievements were invaluable for defining the interconnection of many key factors during antigen processing and presentation, and helped to solve several conundrums that persisted for many years. In this review, we illuminate the numerous quality control machineries involved in different steps during the maturation of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) proteins, from their synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum to folding and trafficking via the secretory pathway, optimization of antigenic cargo, final release to the cell surface, and engagement with their cognate receptors on cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Trowitzsch
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; ,
| | - Robert Tampé
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; ,
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16
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Shah F, Shi A, Ashley J, Kronfel C, Wang Q, Maleki SJ, Adhikari B, Zhang J. Peanut Allergy: Characteristics and Approaches for Mitigation. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 18:1361-1387. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Shah
- Inst. of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key research Laboratory of Agro‐Products ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Aimin Shi
- Inst. of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key research Laboratory of Agro‐Products ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Jon Ashley
- International Iberian Nanotechnology LaboratoryFood Quality and Safety Research group Berga 4715‐330 Portugal
| | - Christina Kronfel
- Food Processing and Sensory Quality ResearchUnited States Dept. of Agriculture New Orleans LA 70124 USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- Inst. of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key research Laboratory of Agro‐Products ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Soheila J. Maleki
- Food Processing and Sensory Quality ResearchUnited States Dept. of Agriculture New Orleans LA 70124 USA
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of ScienceRMIT Univ. Melbourne VIC 3083 Australia
| | - Jinchuang Zhang
- Inst. of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key research Laboratory of Agro‐Products ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture Beijing 100193 P. R. China
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17
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Thomas C, Tampé R. MHC I chaperone complexes shaping immunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2019; 58:9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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18
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Ayres CM, Abualrous ET, Bailey A, Abraham C, Hellman LM, Corcelli SA, Noé F, Elliott T, Baker BM. Dynamically Driven Allostery in MHC Proteins: Peptide-Dependent Tuning of Class I MHC Global Flexibility. Front Immunol 2019; 10:966. [PMID: 31130956 PMCID: PMC6509175 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) recognition of antigenic peptides bound and presented by class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins underlies the cytotoxic immune response to diseased cells. Crystallographic structures of TCR-peptide/MHC complexes have demonstrated how TCRs simultaneously interact with both the peptide and the MHC protein. However, it is increasingly recognized that, beyond serving as a static platform for peptide presentation, the physical properties of class I MHC proteins are tuned by different peptides in ways that are not always structurally visible. These include MHC protein motions, or dynamics, which are believed to influence interactions with a variety of MHC-binding proteins, including not only TCRs, but other activating and inhibitory receptors as well as components of the peptide loading machinery. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which peptides tune the dynamics of the common class I MHC protein HLA-A2. By examining more than 50 lengthy molecular dynamics simulations of HLA-A2 presenting different peptides, we identified regions susceptible to dynamic tuning, including regions in the peptide binding domain as well as the distal α3 domain. Further analyses of the simulations illuminated mechanisms by which the influences of different peptides are communicated throughout the protein, and involve regions of the peptide binding groove, the β2-microglobulin subunit, and the α3 domain. Overall, our results demonstrate that the class I MHC protein is a highly tunable peptide sensor whose physical properties vary considerably with bound peptide. Our data provides insight into the underlying principles and suggest a role for dynamically driven allostery in the immunological function of MHC proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory M Ayres
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
| | - Esam T Abualrous
- Computational Molecular Biology Group, Institute for Mathematics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alistair Bailey
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Abraham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
| | - Lance M Hellman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
| | - Steven A Corcelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Frank Noé
- Computational Molecular Biology Group, Institute for Mathematics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim Elliott
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Brian M Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, United States
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19
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Niepiekło-Miniewska W, Mpakali A, Stratikos E, Matusiak Ł, Narbutt J, Lesiak A, Kuna P, Wilczyńska K, Nowak I, Wiśniewski A, Zwolińska K, Ponińska J, Płoski R, Szepietowski JC, Kuśnierczyk P. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 polymorphism Ile276Met is associated with atopic dermatitis and affects the generation of an HLA-C associated antigenic epitope in vitro. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:906-911. [PMID: 30680818 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease of complex aetiology, with interactions between susceptibility genes and environmental factors. We have previously described a protective effect of the KIR2DS1 gene encoding the natural killer cell receptor, whose ligands are HLA-C molecules. Here, we found an association of HLA-C*05:01 allele with AD. KIR-HLA-C interactions are affected by peptides presented by HLA-C. The generation of these peptides is strongly influenced by endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases 1 and 2 (ERAP1 and ERAP2). Expression and activity of ERAP molecules depend on the polymorphisms of their genes. OBJECTIVE Possible associations of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ERAP1 and ERAP2 genes with susceptibility to AD. METHODS Peripheral blood DNA isolation from 318 patients and 549 controls. PCR-SSO or PCR-SSP for HLA-C typing; TaqMan Genotyping Assay for ERAP typing. RESULTS Only one SNP in the ERAP1 gene, rs26618T>C, causing the amino acid change Ile276Met, had an association with AD. To gain insight on the functional role of this SNP, we produced recombinant variants differing only at position 276 (Ile or Met) and tested their aminopeptidase activity against a N-terminally extended precursor LIVDRPVTLV of the HLA-C*05:01 epitope IVDRPVTLV. Both ERAP1 variants were able to efficiently generate the epitope, although the 276Ile allotype was able to do this about 50% faster. Furthermore, both variants were quite inefficient in further degradation of the mature epitope. Finally, we found that the effect of 276Met on susceptibility to AD was seen only in KIR2DS1-negative individuals, not protected by this KIR. CONCLUSION Associations of HLA-C*05:01 allele and rs26618T>C (Ile276Met) ERAP1 polymorphism with AD, and a significant difference between these two ERAP1 variants in their ability to generate an epitope for the HLA-C*05:01 molecule was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Niepiekło-Miniewska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - A Mpakali
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - E Stratikos
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Agia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - Ł Matusiak
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
| | - J Narbutt
- 1st Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - A Lesiak
- 1st Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - P Kuna
- 2nd Chair of Internal Diseases, Medical University of Łódź, N. Barlicki Medical University Hospital, Łódź, Poland
| | - K Wilczyńska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - I Nowak
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - A Wiśniewski
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - K Zwolińska
- Laboratory of Virology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - J Ponińska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J C Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
| | - P Kuśnierczyk
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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20
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Welsh R, Song N, Sadegh-Nasseri S. What to do with HLA-DO/H-2O two decades later? Immunogenetics 2019; 71:189-196. [PMID: 30683973 PMCID: PMC6377320 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-018-01097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of antigen processing is to orchestrate the selection of immunodominant epitopes for recognition by CD4 T cells. To achieve this, MHC class II molecules have evolved with a flexible peptide-binding groove in need of a bound peptide. Newly synthesized MHC-II molecules bind a class II invariant chain (Ii) upon synthesis and are shuttled to a specialized compartment, where they encounter exogenous antigens. Ii serves multiple functions, one of which is to maintain the shape of the MHC-II groove so that it can readily bind exogenous antigens upon dissociation of the Ii peptide in MHC- II compartment. MIIC contains processing enzymes, one or both accessory molecules, HLA-DM/H2-M (DM) and HLA-DO/H2-O (DO), and optimal denaturing conditions. In a process known as "editing," DM facilitates the dissociation of the invariant chain peptide, CLIP, for exchange with exogenous antigens. Despite the availability of mechanistic insights into DM functions, understanding how DO contributes to epitope selection has proven to be more challenging. The current dogma assumes that DO inhibits DM, whereas an opposing model suggests that DO fine-tunes the epitope selection process. Understanding which of these, or potentially other models of DO function is important, as DO variants have been linked to autoimmunity, cancer, and the generation of broadly neutralizing antibodies to viruses. This review therefore attempts to evaluate experimental evidence in support of these hypotheses, with an emphasis on the less discussed model, and to explore intriguing questions about the importance of DO in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Welsh
- Graduate Program in Immunology and Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nianbin Song
- Graduate Program in Immunology and Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Scheherazade Sadegh-Nasseri
- Graduate Program in Immunology and Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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21
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Buckle AM, Borg NA. Integrating Experiment and Theory to Understand TCR-pMHC Dynamics. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2898. [PMID: 30581442 PMCID: PMC6293202 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The conformational dynamism of proteins is well established. Rather than having a single structure, proteins are more accurately described as a conformational ensemble that exists across a rugged energy landscape, where different conformational sub-states interconvert. The interaction between αβ T cell receptors (TCR) and cognate peptide-MHC (pMHC) is no exception, and is a dynamic process that involves substantial conformational change. This review focuses on technological advances that have begun to establish the role of conformational dynamics and dynamic allostery in TCR recognition of the pMHC and the early stages of signaling. We discuss how the marriage of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with experimental techniques provides us with new ways to dissect and interpret the process of TCR ligation. Notably, application of simulation techniques lags behind other fields, but is predicted to make substantial contributions. Finally, we highlight integrated approaches that are being used to shed light on some of the key outstanding questions in the early events leading to TCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Buckle
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie A Borg
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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22
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Bigras G, Mairs S, Swanson PE, Morel D, Lai R, Izevbaye I. Small Biopsies Misclassify up to 35% of PD-L1 Assessments in Advanced Lung Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinomas. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2018; 26:701-708. [DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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23
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Trowitzsch S, Tampé R. ABC Transporters in Dynamic Macromolecular Assemblies. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:4481-4495. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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24
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Hannoun Z, Lin Z, Brackenridge S, Kuse N, Akahoshi T, Borthwick N, McMichael A, Murakoshi H, Takiguchi M, Hanke T. Identification of novel HIV-1-derived HLA-E-binding peptides. Immunol Lett 2018; 202:65-72. [PMID: 30172717 PMCID: PMC6291738 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Non-classical class Ib MHC-E molecule is becoming an increasingly interesting component of the immune response. It is involved in both the adaptive and innate immune responses to several chronic infections including HIV-1 and, under very specific circumstances, likely mediated a unique vaccine protection of rhesus macaques against pathogenic SIV challenge. Despite being recently in the spotlight for HIV-1 vaccine development, to date there is only one reported human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E-binding peptide derived from HIV-1. In an effort to help start understanding the possible functions of HLA-E in HIV-1 infection, we determined novel HLA-E binding peptides derived from HIV-1 Gag, Pol and Vif proteins. These peptides were identified in three independent assays, all quantifying cell-surface stabilization of HLA-E*01:01 or HLA-E*01:03 molecules upon peptide binding, which was detected by HLA-E-specific monoclonal antibody and flow cytometry. Thus, following initial screen of over 400 HIV-1-derived 15-mer peptides, 4 novel 9-mer peptides PM9, RL9, RV9 and TP9 derived from 15-mer binders specifically stabilized surface expression of HLA-E*01:03 on the cell surface in two separate assays and 5 other binding candidates EI9, MD9, NR9, QF9 and YG9 gave a binding signal in only one of the two assays, but not both. Overall, we have expanded the current knowledge of HIV-1-derived target peptides stabilizing HLA-E cell-surface expression from 1 to 5, thus broadening inroads for future studies. This is a small, but significant contribution towards studying the fine mechanisms behind HLA-E actions and their possible use in development of a new kind of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Hannoun
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zhansong Lin
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Simon Brackenridge
- NDM Research Building, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nozomi Kuse
- Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Nicola Borthwick
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew McMichael
- NDM Research Building, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Tomáš Hanke
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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25
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Walters LC, Harlos K, Brackenridge S, Rozbesky D, Barrett JR, Jain V, Walter TS, O'Callaghan CA, Borrow P, Toebes M, Hansen SG, Sacha JB, Abdulhaqq S, Greene JM, Früh K, Marshall E, Picker LJ, Jones EY, McMichael AJ, Gillespie GM. Pathogen-derived HLA-E bound epitopes reveal broad primary anchor pocket tolerability and conformationally malleable peptide binding. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3137. [PMID: 30087334 PMCID: PMC6081459 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05459-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Through major histocompatibility complex class Ia leader sequence-derived (VL9) peptide binding and CD94/NKG2 receptor engagement, human leucocyte antigen E (HLA-E) reports cellular health to NK cells. Previous studies demonstrated a strong bias for VL9 binding by HLA-E, a preference subsequently supported by structural analyses. However, Mycobacteria tuberculosis (Mtb) infection and Rhesus cytomegalovirus-vectored SIV vaccinations revealed contexts where HLA-E and the rhesus homologue, Mamu-E, presented diverse pathogen-derived peptides to CD8+ T cells, respectively. Here we present crystal structures of HLA-E in complex with HIV and Mtb-derived peptides. We show that despite the presence of preferred primary anchor residues, HLA-E-bound peptides can adopt alternative conformations within the peptide binding groove. Furthermore, combined structural and mutagenesis analyses illustrate a greater tolerance for hydrophobic and polar residues in the primary pockets than previously appreciated. Finally, biochemical studies reveal HLA-E peptide binding and exchange characteristics with potential relevance to its alternative antigen presenting function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy C Walters
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Karl Harlos
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Simon Brackenridge
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Daniel Rozbesky
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Jordan R Barrett
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Vitul Jain
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Thomas S Walter
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Chris A O'Callaghan
- Henry Wellcome Building for Molecular Physiology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Persephone Borrow
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Mireille Toebes
- Department Molecular Oncology and Immunology, B6 Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Scott G Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Jonah B Sacha
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Shaheed Abdulhaqq
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Justin M Greene
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Klaus Früh
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Emily Marshall
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Louis J Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - E Yvonne Jones
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Andrew J McMichael
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
| | - Geraldine M Gillespie
- Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
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Natarajan K, Jiang J, May NA, Mage MG, Boyd LF, McShan AC, Sgourakis NG, Bax A, Margulies DH. The Role of Molecular Flexibility in Antigen Presentation and T Cell Receptor-Mediated Signaling. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1657. [PMID: 30065727 PMCID: PMC6056622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen presentation is a cellular process that involves a number of steps, beginning with the production of peptides by proteolysis or aberrant synthesis and the delivery of peptides to cellular compartments where they are loaded on MHC class I (MHC-I) or MHC class II (MHC-II) molecules. The selective loading and editing of high-affinity immunodominant antigens is orchestrated by molecular chaperones: tapasin/TAP-binding protein, related for MHC-I and HLA-DM for MHC-II. Once peptide/MHC (pMHC) complexes are assembled, following various steps of quality control, they are delivered to the cell surface, where they are available for identification by αβ receptors on CD8+ or CD4+ T lymphocytes. In addition, recognition of cell surface peptide/MHC-I complexes by natural killer cell receptors plays a regulatory role in some aspects of the innate immune response. Many of the components of the pathways of antigen processing and presentation and of T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated signaling have been studied extensively by biochemical, genetic, immunological, and structural approaches over the past several decades. Until recently, however, dynamic aspects of the interactions of peptide with MHC, MHC with molecular chaperones, or of pMHC with TCR have been difficult to address experimentally, although computational approaches such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been illuminating. Studies exploiting X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy, and multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy are beginning to reveal the importance of molecular flexibility as it pertains to peptide loading onto MHC molecules, the interactions between pMHC and TCR, and subsequent TCR-mediated signals. In addition, recent structural and dynamic insights into how molecular chaperones define peptide selection and fine-tune the MHC displayed antigen repertoire are discussed. Here, we offer a review of current knowledge that highlights experimental data obtained by X-ray crystallography and multidimensional NMR methodologies. Collectively, these findings strongly support a multifaceted role for protein plasticity and conformational dynamics throughout the antigen processing and presentation pathway in dictating antigen selection and recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Natarajan
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jiansheng Jiang
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nathan A May
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michael G Mage
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lisa F Boyd
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrew C McShan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Nikolaos G Sgourakis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Ad Bax
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David H Margulies
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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McShan AC, Natarajan K, Kumirov VK, Flores-Solis D, Jiang J, Badstübner M, Toor JS, Bagshaw CR, Kovrigin EL, Margulies DH, Sgourakis NG. Peptide exchange on MHC-I by TAPBPR is driven by a negative allostery release cycle. Nat Chem Biol 2018; 14:811-820. [PMID: 29988068 PMCID: PMC6202177 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-018-0096-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chaperones TAPBPR and tapasin associate with class-I major histocompatibility complexes (MHC-I) to promote optimization (editing) of peptide cargo. Here, we use solution NMR to investigate the mechanism of peptide exchange. We identify TAPBPR-induced conformational changes on conserved MHC-I molecular surfaces, consistent with our independently determined X-ray structure of the complex. Dynamics present in the empty MHC-I are stabilized by TAPBPR, and become progressively dampened with increasing peptide occupancy. Incoming peptides are recognized according to the global stability of the final pMHC-I product, and anneal in a native-like conformation to be edited by TAPBPR. Our results demonstrate an inverse relationship between MHC-I peptide occupancy and TAPBPR binding affinity, where the lifetime and structural features of transiently bound peptides controls the regulation of a conformational switch, located near the TAPBPR binding site, which triggers TAPBPR release. These results suggest a similar mechanism for the function of tapasin in the peptide-loading complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C McShan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Kannan Natarajan
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Vlad K Kumirov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - David Flores-Solis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Jiansheng Jiang
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Mareike Badstübner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Jugmohit S Toor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Clive R Bagshaw
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | - David H Margulies
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MA, USA
| | - Nikolaos G Sgourakis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
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28
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Bianchi L, Carnemolla C, Viviani V, Landi C, Pavone V, Luddi A, Piomboni P, Bini L. Soluble protein fraction of human seminal plasma. J Proteomics 2018; 174:85-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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29
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van Hateren A, Anderson M, Bailey A, Werner JM, Skipp P, Elliott T. Direct evidence for conformational dynamics in major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:20255-20269. [PMID: 29021251 PMCID: PMC5724011 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.809624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (MHC I) help protect jawed vertebrates by binding and presenting immunogenic peptides to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Peptides are selected from a large diversity present in the endoplasmic reticulum. However, only a limited number of peptides complement the polymorphic MHC specificity determining pockets in a way that leads to high-affinity peptide binding and efficient antigen presentation. MHC I molecules possess an intrinsic ability to discriminate between peptides, which varies in efficiency between allotypes, but the mechanism of selection is unknown. Elucidation of the selection mechanism is likely to benefit future immune-modulatory therapies. Evidence suggests peptide selection involves transient adoption of alternative, presumably higher energy conformations than native peptide-MHC complexes. However, the instability of peptide-receptive MHC molecules has hindered characterization of such conformational plasticity. To investigate the dynamic nature of MHC, we refolded MHC proteins with peptides that can be hydrolyzed by UV light and thus released. We compared the resultant peptide-receptive MHC molecules with non-hydrolyzed peptide-loaded MHC complexes by monitoring the exchange of hydrogen for deuterium in solution. We found differences in hydrogen-deuterium exchange between peptide-loaded and peptide-receptive molecules that were negated by the addition of peptide to peptide-receptive MHC molecules. Peptide hydrolysis caused significant increases in hydrogen-deuterium exchange in sub-regions of the peptide-binding domain and smaller increases elsewhere, including in the α3 domain and the non-covalently associated β2-microglobulin molecule, demonstrating long-range dynamic communication. Comparing two MHC allotypes revealed allotype-specific differences in hydrogen-deuterium exchange, consistent with the notion that MHC I plasticity underpins peptide selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy van Hateren
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO17 1BJ
| | - Malcolm Anderson
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair Bailey
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO17 1BJ; Centre for Proteomic Research, Biological Sciences, and Institute for Life Sciences, Southampton SO17 1BJ
| | - Jörn M Werner
- Institute for Life Sciences, Centre for Biological Sciences, and Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Building 85, Southampton SO17 1BJ
| | - Paul Skipp
- Centre for Proteomic Research, Biological Sciences, and Institute for Life Sciences, Southampton SO17 1BJ
| | - Tim Elliott
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton SO17 1BJ.
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30
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Sobhkhez M, Krasnov A, Chang CJ, Robertsen B. Transcriptome analysis of plasmid-induced genes sheds light on the role of type I IFN as adjuvant in DNA vaccine against infectious salmon anemia virus. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188456. [PMID: 29161315 PMCID: PMC5697855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A previous study showed that a plasmid expressing IFNa (pIFNa) strongly enhanced protection and antibody production of a DNA vaccine against infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) in Atlantic salmon. The vaccine consisted of a plasmid (pHE) expressing the virus hemagglutinin-esterase as an antigen. To increase the understanding of the adjuvant effect of pIFNa, we here compared transcriptome responses in salmon muscle at the injection site at week 1 and 2 after injection of pIFNa, pHE, plasmid control (pcDNA3.3) and PBS, respectively. The results showed that the IFNa plasmid mediates an increase in gene transcripts of at least three major types in the muscle; typical IFN-I induced genes (ISGs), certain chemokines and markers of B- cells, T-cells and antigen-presenting cells. The latter suggests recruitment of cells to the plasmid injection site. Attraction of lymphocytes was likely caused by the induction of chemokines homologous to mammalian CCL5, CCL8, CCL19 and CXCL10. IFN may possibly also co-stimulate activation of lymphocytes as suggested by studies in mammals. A major finding was that both pcDNA3.3 and pHE caused responses similar to pIFNa, but at lower magnitude. Plasmid DNA may thus by itself have adjuvant activity as observed in mammalian models. Notably, pHE had a lower effect on many immune genes including ISGs and chemokines than pcDNA3.3, which suggests an inhibitory effect of HE expression on the immune genes. This hypothesis was supported by an Mx-reporter assay. The present study thus suggests that a main role for pIFNa as adjuvant in the DNA vaccine against ISAV may be to overcome the inhibitory effect of HE- expression on plasmid-induced ISGs and chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Sobhkhez
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Aleksej Krasnov
- Nofima AS, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries & Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Chia Jung Chang
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Børre Robertsen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- * E-mail:
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