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Ditter RE, Campos M, Crepeau MW, Pinto J, Toilibou A, Amina Y, Tantely LM, Girod R, Lee Y, Cornel AJ, Lanzaro GC. Anopheles gambiae on remote islands in the Indian Ocean: origins and prospects for malaria elimination by genetic modification of extant populations. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20830. [PMID: 38012255 PMCID: PMC10682471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The mosquito Anopheles gambiae s.s. is a primary malaria vector throughout sub-Saharan Africa including the islands of the Comoros archipelago (Anjouan, Grande Comore, Mayotte and Mohéli). These islands are located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in eastern Africa. Previous studies have shown a relatively high degree of genetic isolation between the Comoros islands and mainland populations of A. gambiae, but the origin of the island populations remains unclear. Here, we analyzed phylogenetic relationships among island and mainland populations using complete mitochondrial genome sequences of individual A. gambiae specimens. This work augments earlier studies based on analysis of the nuclear genome. We investigated the source population of A. gambiae for each island, estimated the number of introductions, when they occurred and explored evidence for contemporary gene flow between island and mainland populations. These studies are relevant to understanding historical patterns in the dispersal of this important malaria vector and provide information critical to assessing their potential for the exploration of genetic-based vector control methods to eliminate this disease. Phylogenetic analysis and haplotype networks were constructed from mitogenome sequences of 258 A. gambiae from the four islands. In addition, 112 individuals from seven countries across sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar were included to identify potential source populations. Our results suggest that introduction events of A. gambiae into the Comoros archipelago were rare and recent events and support earlier claims that gene flow between the mainland and these islands is limited. This study is concordant with earlier work suggesting the suitability of these oceanic islands as appropriate sites for conducting field trial releases of genetically engineered mosquitoes (GEMs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Ditter
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, 4225 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Melina Campos
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, 4225 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Marc W Crepeau
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, 4225 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - João Pinto
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene E Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | | | - Luciano Michaël Tantely
- Medical Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo 101, BP1274, Ambatofotsikely, Madagascar
| | - Romain Girod
- Medical Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo 101, BP1274, Ambatofotsikely, Madagascar
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 200 9th St SE, Vero Beach, FL, 32962, USA
| | - Anthony J Cornel
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, 4225 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Gregory C Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, 4225 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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2
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Soudi S, Crepeau M, Collier TC, Lee Y, Cornel AJ, Lanzaro GC. Genomic signatures of local adaptation in recent invasive Aedes aegypti populations in California. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:311. [PMID: 37301847 PMCID: PMC10257851 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09402-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid adaptation to new environments can facilitate species invasions and range expansions. Understanding the mechanisms of adaptation used by invasive disease vectors in new regions has key implications for mitigating the prevalence and spread of vector-borne disease, although they remain relatively unexplored. RESULTS Here, we integrate whole-genome sequencing data from 96 Aedes aegypti mosquitoes collected from various sites in southern and central California with 25 annual topo-climate variables to investigate genome-wide signals of local adaptation among populations. Patterns of population structure, as inferred using principal components and admixture analysis, were consistent with three genetic clusters. Using various landscape genomics approaches, which all remove the confounding effects of shared ancestry on correlations between genetic and environmental variation, we identified 112 genes showing strong signals of local environmental adaptation associated with one or more topo-climate factors. Some of them have known effects in climate adaptation, such as heat-shock proteins, which shows selective sweep and recent positive selection acting on these genomic regions. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a genome wide perspective on the distribution of adaptive loci and lay the foundation for future work to understand how environmental adaptation in Ae. aegypti impacts the arboviral disease landscape and how such adaptation could help or hinder efforts at population control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Soudi
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Marc Crepeau
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Travis C Collier
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | - Anthony J Cornel
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Parlier, CA, USA
| | - Gregory C Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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3
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Campos M, Patel N, Marshall C, Gripkey H, Ditter RE, Crepeau MW, Toilibou A, Amina Y, Cornel AJ, Lee Y, Lanzaro GC. Population Genetics of Anopheles pretoriensis in Grande Comore Island. INSECTS 2022; 14:14. [PMID: 36661943 PMCID: PMC9866569 DOI: 10.3390/insects14010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Anopheles pretoriensis is widely distributed across Africa, including on oceanic islands such as Grande Comore in the Comoros. This species is known to be mostly zoophylic and therefore considered to have low impact on the transmission of human malaria. However, A. pretoriensis has been found infected with Plasmodium, suggesting that it may be epidemiologically important. In the present study, we sequenced and assembled the complete mitogenome of A. pretoriensis and inferred its phylogenetic relationship among other species in the subgenus Cellia. We also investigated the genetic structure of A. pretoriensis populations on Grande Comore Island, and between this island population and sites in continental Africa, using partial sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Seven haplotypes were found on the island, one of which was ubiquitous. There was no clear divergence between island haplotypes and those found on the continent. The present work contributes knowledge on this understudied, yet abundant, Anopheles species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Campos
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Nikita Patel
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Carly Marshall
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hans Gripkey
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Robert E. Ditter
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Marc W. Crepeau
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | | | - Anthony J. Cornel
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Kearney Research and Extension Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Parlier, CA 93648, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 200 9th St SE, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA
| | - Gregory C. Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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4
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Ditter RE, Campos M, Pinto J, Cornel AJ, Rompão H, Lanzaro GC. Mitogenome Analyses Reveal Limited Introduction of Anopheles coluzzii Into the Central African Islands of São Tomé and Príncipe. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2022.855272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Islands possess physical characteristics that make them uniquely well-suited for initial field trials of new genetic-based technologies applied to African malaria vectors. This has led to efforts to characterize the degree of isolation of island mosquito populations. São Tomé and Príncipe (STP) is a country composed of two small islands in the Gulf of Guinea (Central Africa) where Anopheles coluzzii is the primary malaria vector. Several studies have shown a relatively high degree of genetic isolation between A. coluzzii populations in STP and the mainland compared with pairs of mainland populations separated by equivalent distances. Here, we analyzed complete mitochondrial genomes of individual A. coluzzii specimens from STP and neighboring mainland countries. The objectives are to describe the history of A. coluzzii establishment in STP, specifically to address several questions germane to their suitability as sites for a field trial release of genetically engineered mosquitoes (GEMs). These questions include: (i) What are the origins of A. coluzzii populations in STP?; (ii) How many introductions occurred?; (iii) When was A. coluzzii introduced into STP? and (iv) Is there ongoing, contemporary gene flow into STP from mainland populations? Phylogenetic analysis and haplotype networks were constructed from sequences of 345 A. coluzzii from STP, and 107 individuals from 10 countries on or near the west coast of Africa. Analysis of these data suggest that there have been two introductions of A. coluzzii onto the island of São Tomé that occurred roughly 500 years ago and that these originated from mainland West Africa. It appears that A. coluzzii has never been introduced into Príncipe Island directly from mainland Africa, but there have been at least four introductions originating from São Tomé. Our findings provide further support for the notion that contemporary populations of A. coluzzii on São Tomé and Príncipe are genetically isolated from mainland populations of this mosquito species.
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Rashid I, Campos M, Collier T, Crepeau M, Weakley A, Gripkey H, Lee Y, Schmidt H, Lanzaro GC. Spontaneous mutation rate estimates for the principal malaria vectors Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles stephensi. Sci Rep 2022; 12:226. [PMID: 34996998 PMCID: PMC8742016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Using high-depth whole genome sequencing of F0 mating pairs and multiple individual F1 offspring, we estimated the nuclear mutation rate per generation in the malaria vectors Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles stephensi by detecting de novo genetic mutations. A purpose-built computer program was employed to filter actual mutations from a deep background of superficially similar artifacts resulting from read misalignment. Performance of filtering parameters was determined using software-simulated mutations, and the resulting estimate of false negative rate was used to correct final mutation rate estimates. Spontaneous mutation rates by base substitution were estimated at 1.00 × 10−9 (95% confidence interval, 2.06 × 10−10—2.91 × 10−9) and 1.36 × 10−9 (95% confidence interval, 4.42 × 10−10—3.18 × 10−9) per site per generation in A. coluzzii and A. stephensi respectively. Although similar studies have been performed on other insect species including dipterans, this is the first study to empirically measure mutation rates in the important genus Anopheles, and thus provides an estimate of µ that will be of utility for comparative evolutionary genomics, as well as for population genetic analysis of malaria vector mosquito species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliyas Rashid
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, 4225 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, Center at inStem, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560065, India
| | - Melina Campos
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, 4225 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Travis Collier
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, 4225 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Marc Crepeau
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, 4225 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Allison Weakley
- Department of ChEM-H Operations, Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Hans Gripkey
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, 4225 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, 200 9th St SE, Vero Beach, FL, 32962, USA
| | - Hanno Schmidt
- Anthropology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Saarstraße 21, 55122, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gregory C Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, 4225 VM3B, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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6
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Lanzaro GC, Campos M, Crepeau M, Cornel A, Estrada A, Gripkey H, Haddad Z, Kormos A, Palomares S. Selection of sites for field trials of genetically engineered mosquitoes with gene drive. Evol Appl 2021; 14:2147-2161. [PMID: 34603489 PMCID: PMC8477601 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel malaria control strategies using genetically engineered mosquitoes (GEMs) are on the horizon. Population modification is one approach wherein mosquitoes are engineered with genes rendering them refractory to the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, coupled with a low-threshold, Cas9-based gene drive. When released into a wild vector population, GEMs preferentially transmit these parasite-blocking genes to their offspring, ultimately modifying a vector population into a nonvector one. Deploying this technology awaits ecologically contained field trial evaluations. Here, we consider a process for site selection, the first critical step in designing a trial. Our goal is to identify a site that maximizes prospects for success, minimizes risk, and serves as a fair, valid, and convincing test of efficacy and impacts of a GEM product intended for large-scale deployment in Africa. We base site selection on geographic, geological, and biological, rather than social or legal, criteria. We recognize the latter as critically important but not as a first step in selecting a site. We propose physical islands as being the best candidates for a GEM field trial and present an evaluation of 22 African islands. We consider geographic and genetic isolation, biological complexity, island size, and topography and identify two island groups that satisfy key criteria for ideal GEM field trial sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory C. Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Melina Campos
- Vector Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Marc Crepeau
- Vector Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Anthony Cornel
- Vector Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Abram Estrada
- Vector Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hans Gripkey
- Vector Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ziad Haddad
- California Institute of TechnologyJet Propulsion LaboratoryPasadenaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ana Kormos
- Vector Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Steven Palomares
- Vector Genetics LaboratoryDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
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7
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The origin of island populations of the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles coluzzii. Commun Biol 2021; 4:630. [PMID: 34040154 PMCID: PMC8155153 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Anopheles coluzzii is a major malaria vector throughout its distribution in west-central Africa. Here we present a whole-genome study of 142 specimens from nine countries in continental Africa and three islands in the Gulf of Guinea. This sample set covers a large part of this species' geographic range. Our population genomic analyses included a description of the structure of mainland populations, island populations, and connectivity between them. Three genetic clusters are identified among mainland populations and genetic distances (FST) fits an isolation-by-distance model. Genomic analyses are applied to estimate the demographic history and ancestry for each island. Taken together with the unique biogeography and history of human occupation for each island, they present a coherent explanation underlying levels of genetic isolation between mainland and island populations. We discuss the relationship of our findings to the suitability of São Tomé and Príncipe islands as candidate sites for potential field trials of genetic-based malaria control strategies.
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8
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Campos M, Crepeau M, Lee Y, Gripkey H, Rompão H, Cornel AJ, Pinto J, Lanzaro GC. Complete mitogenome sequence of Anopheles coustani from São Tomé island. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2020; 5:3376-3378. [PMID: 33458175 PMCID: PMC7782027 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1823273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
We report the first complete mitogenome (Mt) sequence of Anopheles coustani, an understudied malaria vector in Africa. The sequence was extracted from one individual mosquito from São Tomé island. The length of the A. coustani Mt genome was 15,408 bp with 79.3% AT content. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. coustani is most closely related to A. sinensis (93.5% of identity); and 90.1% identical to A. gambiae complex members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Campos
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Marc Crepeau
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | - Hans Gripkey
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Herodes Rompão
- Programa Nacional de Luta Contra o Paludismo, São Tomé, São Tomé and Príncipe
| | - Anthony J Cornel
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Parlier, CA, USA
| | - João Pinto
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gregory C Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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9
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Schmidt H, Lee Y, Collier TC, Hanemaaijer MJ, Kirstein OD, Ouledi A, Muleba M, Norris DE, Slatkin M, Cornel AJ, Lanzaro GC. Transcontinental dispersal of Anopheles gambiae occurred from West African origin via serial founder events. Commun Biol 2019; 2:473. [PMID: 31886413 PMCID: PMC6923408 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0717-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The mosquito Anopheles gambiae s.s. is distributed across most of sub-Saharan Africa and is of major scientific and public health interest for being an African malaria vector. Here we present population genomic analyses of 111 specimens sampled from west to east Africa, including the first whole genome sequences from oceanic islands, the Comoros. Genetic distances between populations of A. gambiae are discordant with geographic distances but are consistent with a stepwise migration scenario in which the species increases its range from west to east Africa through consecutive founder events over the last ~200,000 years. Geological barriers like the Congo River basin and the East African rift seem to play an important role in shaping this process. Moreover, we find a high degree of genetic isolation of populations on the Comoros, confirming the potential of these islands as candidate sites for potential field trials of genetically engineered mosquitoes for malaria control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanno Schmidt
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Travis C. Collier
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Mark J. Hanemaaijer
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Oscar D. Kirstein
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Ahmed Ouledi
- Université des Comores, Grande Comore, Union of the Comoros
| | | | - Douglas E. Norris
- The W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Montgomery Slatkin
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California - Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Anthony J. Cornel
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California - Kearney Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648 USA
| | - Gregory C. Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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10
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de la Cruz-Ramos JM, Hernández-Triana LM, García-De la Peña C, González-Álvarez VH, Weger-Lucarelli J, Siller-Rodríguez QK, Sánchez Rámos FJ, Rodríguez AD, Ortega-Morales AI. Comparison of two DNA extraction methods from larvae, pupae, and adults of Aedes aegypti. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02660. [PMID: 31692696 PMCID: PMC6806409 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes are the most important arthropods from the point of view of public health, due to the fact that they can transmit a large number of pathogens which can cause diseases to humans and animals. Aedes aegypti (L.) is one of the most important vector species in the world, since it can transmit numerous pathogens such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. Therefore, studies involving the molecular aspects of this and other mosquitoes species are currently increasing. In this report, we describe the comparison between two DNA extraction techniques, Chelex and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), for carrying out DNA extraction in larvae, pupae and adult female of Ae. aegypti. The Chelex technique was superior in the amount and purity of DNA as compared to the CTAB technique in the three life stages we tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué M de la Cruz-Ramos
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Unidad Laguna, Periférico y carretera Santa Fe, 27084, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigaciones Entomológicas y de Bioensayos del estado de Durango, Periférico y carretera Santa Fe, 27084, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Luis M Hernández-Triana
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Virology Department, Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector Borne Diseases Research Group, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, KT153NB, UK
| | - Cristina García-De la Peña
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Universidad, 35010, Gómez Palacio, Durango, Mexico
| | - Vicente H González-Álvarez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Ciajinicuilapa, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - James Weger-Lucarelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Quetzaly Karmy Siller-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Universidad, 35010, Gómez Palacio, Durango, Mexico
| | - Francisco J Sánchez Rámos
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Unidad Laguna, Periférico y carretera Santa Fe, 27084, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Américo D Rodríguez
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Publica, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Aldo I Ortega-Morales
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Unidad Laguna, Periférico y carretera Santa Fe, 27084, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigaciones Entomológicas y de Bioensayos del estado de Durango, Periférico y carretera Santa Fe, 27084, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
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11
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Matos-Maraví P, Duarte Ritter C, Barnes CJ, Nielsen M, Olsson U, Wahlberg N, Marquina D, Sääksjärvi I, Antonelli A. Biodiversity seen through the perspective of insects: 10 simple rules on methodological choices and experimental design for genomic studies. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6727. [PMID: 31106048 PMCID: PMC6499058 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Massively parallel DNA sequencing opens up opportunities for bridging multiple temporal and spatial dimensions in biodiversity research, thanks to its efficiency to recover millions of nucleotide polymorphisms. Here, we identify the current status, discuss the main challenges, and look into future perspectives on biodiversity genomics focusing on insects, which arguably constitute the most diverse and ecologically important group among all animals. We suggest 10 simple rules that provide a succinct step-by-step guide and best-practices to anyone interested in biodiversity research through the study of insect genomics. To this end, we review relevant literature on biodiversity and evolutionary research in the field of entomology. Our compilation is targeted at researchers and students who may not yet be specialists in entomology or molecular biology. We foresee that the genomic revolution and its application to the study of non-model insect lineages will represent a major leap to our understanding of insect diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pável Matos-Maraví
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Camila Duarte Ritter
- Department of Eukaryotic Microbiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Martin Nielsen
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Urban Olsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Daniel Marquina
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Alexandre Antonelli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Royal Botanical Garden, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK
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12
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Introgression between Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii in Burkina Faso and its associations with kdr resistance and Plasmodium infection. Malar J 2019; 18:127. [PMID: 30971230 PMCID: PMC6458625 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2759-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insecticide resistance in Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes has become widespread throughout West Africa including in Burkina Faso. The insecticide resistance allele (kdr or L1014F) is a prime indicator that is highly correlated with phenotypic resistance in West Africa. Studies from Benin, Ghana and Mali have suggested that the source of the L1014F is introgression of the 2L divergence island via interspecific hybridization with Anopheles gambiae. The goal of this study was to characterize local mosquito populations in the Nouna Department, Burkina Faso with respect to: (i) the extent of introgression between An. coluzzii and An. gambiae, (ii) the frequency of the L1014F mutation and (iii) Plasmodium infection rates. METHODS A total of 95 mosquitoes were collected from ten sites surrounding Nouna town in Kossi Province, Burkina Faso in 2012. The species composition, the extent of introgression in An. coluzzii mosquitoes and their Plasmodium infection rates were identified with a modified version of the "Divergence Island SNP" (DIS) genotyping assay. RESULTS The mosquito collection contained 70.5% An. coluzzii, 89.3% of which carried a 3 Mb genomic region on the 2L chromosome with L1014F insecticide resistance mutation that was introgressed from An. gambiae. In addition, 22.4% in the introgressed An. coluzzii specimens were infected with Plasmodium falciparum, whereas none of the non-introgressed ("pure") An. coluzzii were infected. CONCLUSION This paper is the first report providing divergence island SNP genotypes for natural population of Burkina Faso and corresponding Plasmodium infection rates. These observations warrant further study and could have a major impact on future malaria control strategies in Burkina Faso.
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Lee Y, Schmidt H, Collier TC, Conner WR, Hanemaaijer MJ, Slatkin M, Marshall JM, Chiu JC, Smartt CT, Lanzaro GC, Mulligan FS, Cornel AJ. Genome-wide divergence among invasive populations of Aedes aegypti in California. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:204. [PMID: 30866822 PMCID: PMC6417271 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the summer of 2013, Aedes aegypti Linnaeus was first detected in three cities in central California (Clovis, Madera and Menlo Park). It has now been detected in multiple locations in central and southern CA as far south as San Diego and Imperial Counties. A number of published reports suggest that CA populations have been established from multiple independent introductions. RESULTS Here we report the first population genomics analyses of Ae. aegypti based on individual, field collected whole genome sequences. We analyzed 46 Ae. aegypti genomes to establish genetic relationships among populations from sites in California, Florida and South Africa. Based on 4.65 million high quality biallelic SNPs, we identified 3 major genetic clusters within California; one that includes all sample sites in the southern part of the state (South of Tehachapi mountain range) plus the town of Exeter in central California and two additional clusters in central California. CONCLUSIONS A lack of concordance between mitochondrial and nuclear genealogies suggests that the three founding populations were polymorphic for two main mitochondrial haplotypes prior to being introduced to California. One of these has been lost in the Clovis populations, possibly by a founder effect. Genome-wide comparisons indicate extensive differentiation between genetic clusters. Our observations support recent introductions of Ae. aegypti into California from multiple, genetically diverged source populations. Our data reveal signs of hybridization among diverged populations within CA. Genetic markers identified in this study will be of great value in pursuing classical population genetic studies which require larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoosook Lee
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Hanno Schmidt
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Travis C. Collier
- Daniel K. Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center (PBARC), United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Hilo, Hawaii USA
| | - William R. Conner
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Mark J. Hanemaaijer
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Montgomery Slatkin
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California - Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - John M. Marshall
- School of Public Health, University of California - Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Joanna C. Chiu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Chelsea T. Smartt
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962 USA
| | - Gregory C. Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | | | - Anthony J. Cornel
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Kearney Agricultural Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California -, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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14
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Hanemaaijer MJ, Collier TC, Chang A, Shott CC, Houston PD, Schmidt H, Main BJ, Cornel AJ, Lee Y, Lanzaro GC. The fate of genes that cross species boundaries after a major hybridization event in a natural mosquito population. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:4978-4990. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Hanemaaijer
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology UC Davis Davis California
| | - Travis C. Collier
- Daniel K. Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center (PBARC), United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Hilo Hawaii
| | - Allison Chang
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology UC Davis Davis California
| | - Chloe C. Shott
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology UC Davis Davis California
| | - Parker D. Houston
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology UC Davis Davis California
| | - Hanno Schmidt
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology UC Davis Davis California
| | - Bradley J. Main
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology UC Davis Davis California
| | - Anthony J. Cornel
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology UC Davis Davis California
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California Parlier California
- School of Health Systems & Public Health University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology UC Davis Davis California
| | - Gregory C. Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology UC Davis Davis California
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15
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Schmidt H, Hanemaaijer MJ, Cornel AJ, Lanzaro GC, Braack L, Lee Y. Complete mitogenome sequence of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti derived from field isolates from California and South Africa. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2018; 3:994-995. [PMID: 33474392 PMCID: PMC7800648 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1495117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The Aedes aegypti mitogenome (Mt) sequences of field isolates from California and South Africa revealed a deletion between position 14,522 and 14,659 of the Mt contig of the AaegL5 reference genome. The length of the mitogenome of the California isolate was 16,659 bp and had 99.0% similarity with the AaegL5 Mt contig. The South African isolate sequence was 16,600 bp long and had 97.9% similarity with the reference. The region between 1496 and 1664 bp is similar to a nuclear pseudogene that might be a copy of a portion of the mitochondrial genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanno Schmidt
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mark J Hanemaaijer
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Anthony J Cornel
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Gregory C Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Leo Braack
- UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control and MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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16
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Jones CM, Lee Y, Kitchen A, Collier T, Pringle JC, Muleba M, Irish S, Stevenson JC, Coetzee M, Cornel AJ, Norris DE, Carpi G. Complete Anopheles funestus mitogenomes reveal an ancient history of mitochondrial lineages and their distribution in southern and central Africa. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9054. [PMID: 29899497 PMCID: PMC5997999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27092-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Anopheles funestus s.s. is a primary vector of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite its important role in human Plasmodium transmission, evolutionary history, genetic diversity, and population structure of An. funestus in southern and central Africa remains understudied. We deep sequenced, assembled, and annotated the complete mitochondrial genome of An. funestus s.s. for the first time, providing a foundation for further genetic research of this important malaria vector species. We further analyzed the complete mitochondrial genomes of 43 An. funestus s.s. from three sites in Zambia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Tanzania. From these 43 mitogenomes we identified 41 unique haplotypes that comprised 567 polymorphic sites. Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction confirmed the co-existence of two highly divergent An. funestus maternal lineages, herein defined as lineages I and II, in Zambia and Tanzania. The estimated coalescence time of these two mitochondrial lineages is ~500,000 years ago (95% HPD 426,000–594,000 years ago) with subsequent independent diversification. Haplotype network and phylogenetic analysis revealed two major clusters within lineage I, and genetic relatedness of samples with deep branching in lineage II. At this time, data suggest that the lineages are partially sympatric. This study illustrates that accurate retrieval of full mitogenomes of Anopheles vectors enables fine-resolution studies of intraspecies genetic relationships, population differentiation, and demographic history. Further investigations on whether An. funestus mitochondrial lineages represent biologically meaningful populations and their potential implications for malaria vector control are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Jones
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Kitchen
- Department of Anthropology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Travis Collier
- Daniel K. Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center (PBARC), Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Julia C Pringle
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Seth Irish
- U.S. President's Malaria Initiative and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jennifer C Stevenson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Macha Research Trust, Choma, Zambia
| | - Maureen Coetzee
- Wits Research Institute for Malaria and Wits/MRC Collaborating Centre for Multidisciplinary Research on Malaria, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Douglas E Norris
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Giovanna Carpi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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17
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Cornel AJ, Holeman J, Nieman CC, Lee Y, Smith C, Amorino M, Brisco KK, Barrera R, Lanzaro GC, Mulligan Iii FS. Surveillance, insecticide resistance and control of an invasive Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) population in California. F1000Res 2016; 5:194. [PMID: 27158450 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.8107.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasion and subsequent establishment in California of Aedes aegypti in 2013 has created new challenges for local mosquito abatement and vector control districts. Studies were undertaken to identify effective and economical strategies to monitor the abundance and spread of this mosquito species as well as for its control. Overall, BG Sentinel (BGS) traps were found to be the most sensitive trap type to measure abundance and spread into new locations. Autocidal-Gravid-Ovitraps (AGO-B), when placed at a site for a week, performed equally to BGS in detecting the presence of female Ae. aegypti. Considering operational cost and our findings, we recommend use of BGS traps for surveillance in response to service requests especially in locations outside the known infestation area. We recommend AGO-Bs be placed at fixed sites, cleared and processed once a week to monitor mosquito abundance within a known infestation area. Long-term high density placements of AGO-Bs were found to show promise as an environmentally friendly trap-kill control strategy. California Ae. aegypti were found to be homozygous for the V1016I mutation in the voltage gated sodium channel gene, which is implicated to be involved in insecticide resistance. This strain originating from Clovis, California was resistant to some pyrethroids but not to deltamethrin in bottle bio-assays. Sentinel cage ultra-low-volume (ULV) trials using a new formulation of deltamethrin (DeltaGard®) demonstrated that it provided some control (average of 56% death in sentinel cages in a 91.4 m spray swath) after a single truck mounted aerial ULV application in residential areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Cornel
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Kearney Agricultural Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis, Parlier, CA, USA
| | - Jodi Holeman
- Consolidated Mosquito Abatement District, Selma, CA, USA
| | - Catelyn C Nieman
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Charles Smith
- Consolidated Mosquito Abatement District, Selma, CA, USA
| | - Mark Amorino
- Consolidated Mosquito Abatement District, Selma, CA, USA
| | - Katherine K Brisco
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Kearney Agricultural Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis, Parlier, CA, USA
| | - Roberto Barrera
- Entomology and Ecology Actvity7, Dengue Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Gregory C Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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18
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Cornel AJ, Holeman J, Nieman CC, Lee Y, Smith C, Amorino M, Brisco KK, Barrera R, Lanzaro GC, Mulligan Iii FS. Surveillance, insecticide resistance and control of an invasive Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) population in California. F1000Res 2016; 5:194. [PMID: 27158450 PMCID: PMC4857756 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.8107.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasion and subsequent establishment in California of
Aedes aegypti in 2013 has created new challenges for local mosquito abatement and vector control districts. Studies were undertaken to identify effective and economical strategies to monitor the abundance and spread of this mosquito species as well as for its control. Overall, BG Sentinel (BGS) traps were found to be the most sensitive trap type to measure abundance and spread into new locations. Autocidal-Gravid-Ovitraps (AGO-B), when placed at a site for a week, performed equally to BGS in detecting the presence of female
Ae. aegypti. Considering operational cost and our findings, we recommend use of BGS traps for surveillance in response to service requests especially in locations outside the known infestation area. We recommend AGO-Bs be placed at fixed sites, cleared and processed once a week to monitor mosquito abundance within a known infestation area. Long-term high density placements of AGO-Bs were found to show promise as an environmentally friendly trap-kill control strategy. California
Ae. aegypti were found to be homozygous for the V1016I mutation in the voltage gated sodium channel gene, which is implicated to be involved in insecticide resistance. This strain originating from Clovis, California was resistant to some pyrethroids but not to deltamethrin in bottle bio-assays. Sentinel cage ultra-low-volume (ULV) trials using a new formulation of deltamethrin (DeltaGard®) demonstrated that it provided some control (average of 56% death in sentinel cages in a 91.4 m spray swath) after a single truck mounted aerial ULV application in residential areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Cornel
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Kearney Agricultural Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis, Parlier, CA, USA
| | - Jodi Holeman
- Consolidated Mosquito Abatement District, Selma, CA, USA
| | - Catelyn C Nieman
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Charles Smith
- Consolidated Mosquito Abatement District, Selma, CA, USA
| | - Mark Amorino
- Consolidated Mosquito Abatement District, Selma, CA, USA
| | - Katherine K Brisco
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Kearney Agricultural Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis, Parlier, CA, USA
| | - Roberto Barrera
- Entomology and Ecology Actvity7, Dengue Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Gregory C Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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19
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Nieman CC, Yamasaki Y, Collier TC, Lee Y. A DNA extraction protocol for improved DNA yield from individual mosquitoes. F1000Res 2015; 4:1314. [PMID: 26937269 PMCID: PMC4743141 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.7413.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Typical DNA extraction protocols from commercially available kits provide an adequate amount of DNA from a single individual mosquito sufficient for PCR-based assays. However, next-generation sequencing applications and high-throughput SNP genotyping assays exposed the limitation of DNA quantity one usually gets from a single individual mosquito. Whole genome amplification could alleviate the issue but it also creates bias in genome representation. While trying to find alternative DNA extraction protocols for improved DNA yield, we found that a combination of the tissue lysis protocol from Life Technologies and the DNA extraction protocol from Qiagen yielded a higher DNA amount than the protocol using the Qiagen or Life Technologies kit only. We have not rigorously tested all the possible combinations of extraction protocols; we also only tested this on mosquito samples. Therefore, our finding should be noted as a suggestion for improving people’s own DNA extraction protocols and not as an advertisement of a commercially available product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catelyn C Nieman
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Youki Yamasaki
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Travis C Collier
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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