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Chen T, Chen Z, Li Y, Zeng B, Zhang Z. A Novel Major Facilitator Superfamily Transporter Gene Aokap4 near the Kojic Acid Gene Cluster Is Involved in Growth and Kojic Acid Production in Aspergillus oryzae. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8080885. [PMID: 36012873 PMCID: PMC9410421 DOI: 10.3390/jof8080885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kojic acid is an important secondary metabolite of industrial importance produced by Aspergillus oryzae. The kojic acid gene cluster plays an essential role in kojic acid production, and harbors kojA, kojR and kojT. The deletion of kojT, encoding a major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter, did not completely abolish kojic acid production, implying that other transporters are required for the transport of kojic acid. The aim of this study is to look for the transporters involved in kojic acid production. Here, Aokap4 encoding a novel MFS transporter was identified, which was adjacent to kojT in the kojic acid gene cluster. The deletion of Aokap4 contributed to the hyphal growth, conidial production and biomass of A. oryzae. Moreover, Aokap4 is required for heat- and cell-wall-stress tolerance but not oxidative and osmotic stress. The disruption of Aokap4 impaired kojic acid production with the reduced expression of kojA, kojR and kojT. Furthermore, when kojT was deleted in the Aokap4-disrupted strain, the yield of kojic acid declined to the same level as that of the kojT-deletion mutant, whereas the production of kojic acid was recovered when kojT was overexpressed in the Aokap4 knockout strain, suggesting that kojT acts downstream of Aokap4. AoKap4 was the second identified MSF transporter involved in kojic acid production after kojT was found a decade ago. This study contributes to a better understanding of the biological roles of the MFS transporter and lays a foundation for future studies on kojic acid synthesis in A. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Ziming Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yuzhen Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering and Co-Innovation Center for In-Vitro Diagnostic Reagents and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (Z.Z.)
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Kanamaru K, Izuhara K, Kimura M, Kobayashi T. Generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species through a histidine kinase, HysA in Aspergillus nidulans. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2022; 68:17-23. [PMID: 35387910 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Kanamaru
- Department of Biological Mechanisms and Function, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University.,present address: Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University
| | - Kiyoshiro Izuhara
- Department of Biological Mechanisms and Function, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University
| | - Makoto Kimura
- Department of Biological Mechanisms and Function, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University
| | - Tetsuo Kobayashi
- Department of Biological Mechanisms and Function, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University
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Zhou D, Li G, Sun H, Liu F, Chen L, Xiong S, Yin Y. In silico studies reveal RSc1154 and RhlE as temperature-related pathogenic proteins of Ralstonia solanacearum. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 366:5556940. [PMID: 31504466 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnz183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the temperature-related pathogenic mechanism of Ralstonia solanacearum infection in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Based on bioinformatics analysis of microarray dataset (GSE33657), the co-differentially expressed genes (co-DEGs) ribonucleic acids were identified in R. solanacearum GMI1000-infected L. esculentum Mill., which was cultured at 20°C and 28°C, in rich medium containing casamino acids, peptone, and glucose (CPG) and planta. In total, 63 upregulated co-DEGs and 57 downregulated co-DEGs were identified between 20°C and 28°C in the CPG and planta groups. Protein-protein interaction network revealed 70 protein interaction pairs and 59 nodes. Notably, iolG, iolE, ioll and RSc1248 played critical roles in the network. The subcellular localization and functional annotation showed that the increased expressed proteins were mainly localized in the inner cell membrane, while those with decreased expression were localized in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, these proteins were mainly enriched in regulation of DNA-templated transcription. RSc1154 and RhlE were predicted to be temperature-related pathogenic genes for R. solanacearum in tomato. Furthermore, phosphorelay signal transduction system function might play an important role in R. solanacearum infection. The candidate genes were verified by quantitative real-time PCR, and the results were consistent with gene expression profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxiang Zhou
- College of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.,Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Green Planting and Deep Processing of famous-region drug in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404120, China
| | - Guoli Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China
| | - Houliang Sun
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Green Planting and Deep Processing of famous-region drug in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404120, China
| | - Shu Xiong
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China
| | - Youping Yin
- College of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Nie X, Li B, Wang S. Epigenetic and Posttranslational Modifications in Regulating the Biology of Aspergillus Species. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 105:191-226. [PMID: 30342722 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic and posttranslational modifications have been proved to participate in multiple cellular processes and suggested to be an important regulatory mechanism on transcription of genes in eukaryotes. However, our knowledge about epigenetic and posttranslational modifications mainly comes from the studies of yeasts, plants, and animals. Recently, epigenetic and posttranslational modifications have also raised concern for the relevance of regulating fungal biology in Aspergillus. Emerging evidence indicates that these modifications could be a connection between genetic elements and environmental factors, and their combined effects may finally lead to fungal phenotypical changes. This article describes the advances in typical DNA and protein modifications in the genus Aspergillus, focusing on methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, and neddylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Nie
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Alvarez AF, Barba-Ostria C, Silva-Jiménez H, Georgellis D. Organization and mode of action of two component system signaling circuits from the various kingdoms of life. Environ Microbiol 2016; 18:3210-3226. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian F. Alvarez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; 04510 México City, México
| | - Carlos Barba-Ostria
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; 04510 México City, México
| | - Hortencia Silva-Jiménez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; 04510 México City, México
| | - Dimitris Georgellis
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; 04510 México City, México
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Song Z, Shen L, Yin Y, Tan W, Shao C, Xu J, Wang Z. Role of two Nomuraea rileyi transmembrane sensors Sho1p and Sln1p in adaptation to stress due to changing culture conditions during microsclerotia development. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:477-85. [PMID: 25595731 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1801-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Regulatory mutations affecting sulfur metabolism induce environmental stress response in Aspergillus nidulans. Fungal Genet Biol 2014; 65:37-47. [PMID: 24513272 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the cysB, sconB and sconC genes affect sulfur metabolism in Aspergillus nidulans in different ways. The cysB mutation blocks synthesis of cysteine by the main pathway and leads to a shortage of this amino acid. The sconB and sconC mutations affect subunits of the SCF ubiquitin ligase complex, which inactivates the MetR transcription factor in the presence of an excess of cysteine. In effect, both cysB and scon mutations lead to permanent derepression of MetR-dependent genes. We compared transcriptomes of these three mutants with that of a wild type strain finding altered expression of a few hundred genes belonging to various functional categories. Besides those involved in sulfur metabolism, many up-regulated genes are related to stress responses including heat shock and osmotic stress. However, only the scon strains are more resistant to exogenous stress agents than the wild type strain while cysB is more sensitive. The two-component signal transduction system is a functional category, which is most enriched among genes up-regulated in the cysB, sconB and sconC mutants. A large group of up-regulated genes are involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism, including genes coding for enzymes of trehalose and glycerol synthesis. The altered expression of these genes is accompanied by changes in sugar and polyol accumulation in conidia of the mutants. Genes encoding enzymes of the glyoxylate bypass and the GABA shunt are also up-regulated along with genes coding for enzymes of alcohol fermentation. Among the down-regulated genes the most numerous are those encoding membrane proteins and enzymes involved in secondary metabolism, including the penicillin biosynthesis cluster.
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Control of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through histidine kinases in Aspergillus nidulans under different growth conditions. FEBS Open Bio 2014; 4:90-5. [PMID: 24490133 PMCID: PMC3907689 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensor histidine kinases (HKs) are important factors that control cellular growth in response to environmental conditions. The expression of 15 HKs from Aspergillus nidulans was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR under vegetative, asexual, and sexual growth conditions. Most HKs were highly expressed during asexual growth. All HK gene-disrupted strains produced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Three HKs are involved in the control of ROS: HysA was the most abundant under the restricted oxygen condition, NikA is involved in fungicide sensing, and FphA inhibits sexual development in response to red light. Phosphotransfer signal transduction via HysA is essential for ROS production control. Most histidine kinases in Aspergillus nidulans are expressed during asexual development. ROS were generated in some histidine kinase (HK)-gene disrupted strains. The phosphorylation activities of HKs are essential to control ROS generation.
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